EP0789340B1 - Sicherungselement für die elektronische Artikelsicherung - Google Patents
Sicherungselement für die elektronische Artikelsicherung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0789340B1 EP0789340B1 EP97100501A EP97100501A EP0789340B1 EP 0789340 B1 EP0789340 B1 EP 0789340B1 EP 97100501 A EP97100501 A EP 97100501A EP 97100501 A EP97100501 A EP 97100501A EP 0789340 B1 EP0789340 B1 EP 0789340B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hard
- security element
- magnetic material
- barkhausen effect
- semi
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000005330 Barkhausen effect Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010013710 Drug interaction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2405—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used
- G08B13/2408—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using ferromagnetic tags
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2428—Tag details
- G08B13/2437—Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2428—Tag details
- G08B13/2437—Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags
- G08B13/2442—Tag materials and material properties thereof, e.g. magnetic material details
Definitions
- the invention relates to a securing element for electronic article surveillance, consisting of a Material with high permeability and low coercive force (soft magnetic material), which is created when an outer magnetic alternating field in an interrogation zone characteristic signal which is transmitted by means of a Detector device is recognizable.
- the characteristic signal therefore occurs periodically with the Frequency of the low-frequency field.
- harmonic Detection system only one interrogation field in the kHz range to excite the Use security element, the characteristic signal of the fuse element in turn in time with a low-frequency field, which is the soft magnetic Material between the two saturations drifts, occurs.
- the shape of the characteristic For the purpose of evaluation, the shape of the characteristic Then signal with a predetermined waveform compared. If the two match, this is called unauthorized stay of a secured article in the Interrogation zone interpreted; an alarm shows that Operating theft.
- the hysteresis curves of securing elements which are made of a soft magnetic material have an essentially linear course between the two saturation states.
- securing elements have also become known whose hysteresis curves show a sudden transition between the two saturation states as soon as they are forced to change their direction of saturation by an external magnetic field.
- Materials with a discontinuous transition behavior between the two saturation states are referred to as "materials with a high Barkhausen effect”.
- the properties of these materials and the physical basis of the Barkhausen effect are described in detail in US Pat. No. 4,660,025 or also in EP 0 448 114 A1.
- the cited prior art references refer to how physical special treatment of soft magnetic material can convert it into a material with a high Barkhausen effect.
- the Barkhausen effect can be increased if in the Near the material with the Barkhausen effect soft magnetic material is arranged so that the Couple stray fields of both materials.
- the signal of a appropriately prepared securing element is so strong that it is with relatively small dimensions of used materials reliably in the query zone of a Detection system is detected.
- Draw fuse elements of the type described above is characterized by a characteristic signal that blatant of that in a harmonic detection system discernible signal form deviates. The consequence of this is that an article that acts as a security element soft magnetic material and a material with high Barkhausen effect carries in a harmonious Detection system not recognized as a secured item becomes. Since no alarm is subsequently triggered, the Articles despite electronic security the query zone pass unhindered.
- the invention is based on the object Securing element, which is made of a soft magnetic Material and a material with a high Barkhausen effect composed to modify such that it from a harmonic detection system is recognized.
- the object is achieved in that in addition to soft magnetic material and the material with a high Barkhausen effect - whereby the material with the high Barkhausen effect regarding the soft magnetic material is arranged so that both over their stray fields are coupled - a semi-hard or hard magnetic Material is provided which is the material with the high Barkhausen effect premagnetized.
- a semi-hard or hard magnetic Material is provided which is the material with the high Barkhausen effect premagnetized.
- the Securing element according to the invention is the soft magnetic material and / or the Material with the high Barkhausen effect around one Thin film material is.
- Fuse elements Thin-layer materials are already from EP 0 295 028 B1 known.
- the soft magnetic material and / or Material with the high Barkhausen effect in stripes is / are formed or from a drawn wire exists / exist.
- the semi-hard or hard magnetic material can a thin film material can also be used.
- Alternative designs punch a perforated film, preferably a Ni perforated foil - or a ferrite layer in front.
- the semi-hard or hard magnetic material in individual Sections is arranged. Again it turned out to be Exposed favorably if the sections as quasi third layer on the material with the high Barkhausen effect are positioned, as a result of this optimal interaction of the stray field of the semi-hard or hard magnetic material with the stray field of the material is achieved with the high Barkhausen effect, while the Influencing the stray field of the soft magnetic Material is relatively low.
- 'Individual sections' can in addition to the literal interpretation also mean that the semi-hard or hard magnetic material in selected Areas with low permeability towards the Has preferred axis of the securing element.
- An advantageous embodiment provides that the semi-hard or hard magnetic material a desired Has bias in one direction.
- this is expressed in such a way that the portion of the signal from the material with the Barkhausen effect arises, disappears; the signal itself is due to the premagnetization when excited by a alternating magnetic field in the direction of the positive or the negative timeline shifted.
- the semi-hard or hard magnetic material has selected sections, which are premagnetized in opposite directions, preferably two sections each with opposite magnetization are next to each other. This allows time shifts, as in the design with a bias in one Direction, compensate.
- the detection system is said to have paid for goods properly subsequently of course no longer trigger an alarm.
- the semi-hard or hard magnetic material like this chosen that it in the saturated state characteristic signal of the soft magnetic material and the material with the high Barkhausen effect in the Interrogation zone prevented.
- the Deactivator material so a strong magnetic field exposed to being driven to saturation.
- Fig. 1 shows the hysteresis curves of a soft magnetic Material 1 and a material with a high Barkhausen effect 2, both materials 1, 2 relative to each other in this way are arranged that their stray fields 7 are not together interact. From this illustration it is clearly evident that the hysteresis curve of the soft magnetic material 1 one between the two saturation states has a substantially linear course, during the Transition in the case of material with the high Barkhausen effect 2 erratic and therefore not steady he follows.
- Fig. 2a in addition to the hysteresis curves soft magnetic material 1 and a material with a high Barkhausen effect 2 shows the hysteresis curve 1 + 2, which results when the stray fields 7 of the two Couple materials 1, 2 together.
- the four boxes with the arrows indicate the direction of magnetization of the soft magnetic material 1 and the material with the high Barkhausen effect 2.
- both Saturation states are both soft magnetic Material 1 as well as the material with the high one Barkhausen effect 2 magnetized in one direction. By doing Transition area between the two saturation states first changes the soft magnetic material 1 each Magnetization direction.
- Stray field 7 of the soft magnetic material 1 delays the sudden magnetic reversal of the material with the high Barkhausen effect 2: the hysteresis curve 1 + 2 is partial linear, sometimes it shows a sudden change.
- the made of a soft magnetic material 1 and a material with high Barkhausen effect 2 has the resulting characteristic signal 4 the form shown in Fig. 2b.
- This characteristic signal 4 differs from the characteristic signal 4, which from a soft magnetic material 1 in response to a query field is sent (see Fig. 3c) by a asymmetrical double peak.
- This form of characteristic signal 4 is in a harmonic Detection system not as of an electronic secured article originated recognized.
- the Securing element consists of a soft magnetic Material 1, an overlying material with a high Barkhausen effect 2 and from individual sections a semi-hard or hard magnetic material 6.
- the Portions of the semi-hard or hard magnetic material 6 are pre-magnetized in such a way that in particular the spatial closer stray field 7 of the material with the high Barkhausen effect 2 is affected. Interacting with the stray field 7 of the semi-hard or hard magnetic Material 6 is dimensioned so that the material with the high Barkhausen effect 2 in the alternating magnetic field Query zone makes no signal contributions.
- the hysteresis curve of that shown in Fig. 3a Embodiment of the securing element according to the invention corresponds - as can be seen from FIG. 3b - in essentially the hysteresis curve of a soft magnetic Materials 1.
- the hysteresis curve is around one Amount Hb shifted in the direction of the positive H axis. How already mentioned in the previous place shows that characteristic signal 4 now the desired shape, the with a harmonic detection system detected and as belonging to a secured article is evaluated.
- the semi-hard or hard magnetic material 6 only pre-magnetized in one direction, that shows characteristic signal 4 as well as the associated one Hysteresis curve a shift towards the Time axis or in the direction of the H axis. On the relative The distance between the peaks 5 of the characteristic signal 4 changes but nothing. The shifting effect described above can be avoided if - as can be seen in FIG. 4a - the semi-hard or hard magnetic material 6 des Security element by the same amount in both Directions is magnetized.
- Fig. 4b shows the resulting symmetrical to Coordinate origin hysteresis curve 3 des Securing element according to the invention, which in Fig. 4a is recorded.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
Description
Beispielsweise werden die Eigenschaften dieser Materialien sowie die physikalischen Grundlagen des Barkhauseneffekts ausführlich in der US-PS 4,660,025 oder auch in der EP 0 448 114 A1 beschrieben. Insbesondere wird in den zitierten Schriften des Standes der Technik Bezug darauf genommen, wie durch physikalische Spezialbehandlung von weichmagnetischem Material dieses in ein Material mit einem hohen Barkhauseneffekt überführt werden kann.
- 1
- weichmagnetisches Material
- 2
- Material mit hohem Barkhauseneffekt
- 3
- Hysteresekurve
- 4
- charakteristisches Signal
- 5
- Peak
- 6
- halbhart- oder hartmagnetisches Material
- 7
- Streufeld
- H
- magnetische Feldstärke
- B
- magnetische Induktion
- VM
- Vormagnetisierung
Claims (10)
- Sicherungselement zur elektronischen Artikelsicherung, bestehend aus einem Material (1) hoher Permeabilität und geringer Koerzitivkraft, das bei Anlegen eines äußeren magnetischen Wechselfeldes in einer Abfragezone ein charakteristisches Signal (4) aussendet, das mittels einer Detektoreinrichtung erkennbar ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß ein Material mit einem hohen Barkhauseneffekt (2) vorgesehen ist, das bezüglich des Materials hoher Permeabilität und geringer Koerzitivkraft (1) derart angeordnet ist, daß beide über ihre Streufelder (7) miteinander koppeln, unddaß ein halbhart- oder hartmagnetisches Material (6) vorgesehen ist, das in der Lage ist, das Material mit dem hohen Barkhauseneffekt (2) vorzumagnetisieren. - Sicherungselement nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
es sich bei dem Material hoher Permeabilität und geringer Koerzitivkraft (1) und/oder bei dem Material mit dem hohen Barkhauseneffekt (2) um ein Dünnschichtmaterial handelt. - Sicherungselement nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß es sich bei dem halbhart- oder hartmagnetischen Material um ein Dünnschichtmaterial, eine Lochfolie oder eine Ferritschicht handelt. - Sicherungselement nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Material hoher Permeabilität und geringer Koerzitivkraft (1) und/oder das Material mit dem hohen Barkhauseneffekt (2) aus einem Streifen oder einem gezogenen Draht besteht. - Sicherungselement nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Material (1) hoher Permeabilität und geringer Koerzitivkraft und das Material mit dem hohen Barkhauseneffekt (2) zumindest teilweise überlappend angeordnet sind. - Sicherungselement nach Anspruch 1 oder 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das halbhart- oder hartmagnetische Material (6) in einzelnen Abschnitten angeordnet ist. - Sicherungselement nach Anspruch 1 oder 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das halbhart- oder hartmagnetische Material (6) derart bezüglich der beiden anderen Materialien (1, 2) angeordnet ist, daß sein Streufeld bevorzugt mit dem Streufeld des Materials mit dem hohen Barkhauseneffekt (2) in Wechselwirkung steht. - Sicherungselement nach Anspruch 1 oder 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das halbhart- oder hartmagnetische Material (6) eine gewünschte Vormagnetisierung (VM) in eine Richtung aufweist. - Sicherungselement nach Anspruch 1 oder 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das halbhart- oder hartmagnetische Material (6) ausgewählte Abschnitte aufweist, die in entgegengesetzte Richtungen vormagnetisiert sind, wobei vorzugsweise jeweils zwei Abschnitte mit entgegengesetzter Vormagnetisierung (VM) nebeneinander liegen. - Sicherungselement nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das halbhart- oder hartmagnetische Material (6) derart beschaffen ist, daß es im gesättigten Zustand sowohl das charakteristische Signal (4) des Materials hoher Permeabilität und geringer Koerzitivkraft (1) als auch des Materials mit dem hohen Barkhauseneffekt (2) in der Abfragezone unterbindet.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19604746 | 1996-02-09 | ||
| DE19604746A DE19604746A1 (de) | 1996-02-09 | 1996-02-09 | Sicherungselement für die elektronische Artikelsicherung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0789340A1 EP0789340A1 (de) | 1997-08-13 |
| EP0789340B1 true EP0789340B1 (de) | 2001-07-25 |
Family
ID=7784965
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97100501A Expired - Lifetime EP0789340B1 (de) | 1996-02-09 | 1997-01-15 | Sicherungselement für die elektronische Artikelsicherung |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0789340B1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19604746A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2160857T3 (de) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19730694A1 (de) * | 1997-07-17 | 1999-01-21 | Meto International Gmbh | Sicherungselement für die elektronische Artikelsicherung |
| DE19737342A1 (de) * | 1997-08-27 | 1999-03-04 | Meto International Gmbh | Identifizierungselement und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Identifizierungselements |
| DE19740442A1 (de) * | 1997-09-15 | 1999-03-18 | Meto International Gmbh | Deaktivierbares Sicherungselement für die elektronische Überwachung von Artikeln |
| DE19815583A1 (de) * | 1998-04-08 | 1999-10-14 | Meto International Gmbh | Element für die elektronische Artikelsicherung oder für die Sensortechnik |
| DE19857583A1 (de) * | 1998-12-14 | 2000-06-15 | Meto International Gmbh | Sicherungselement für die elektronische Artikelsicherung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherungselementes |
| DE19858064A1 (de) * | 1998-12-16 | 2000-06-21 | Meto International Gmbh | Sicherungselement für die elektronische Artikelsicherung |
| AU2000249618A1 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2001-10-23 | Rso Corporation N.V. | A marker for remote detection of articles |
| WO2003054825A2 (en) | 2001-12-10 | 2003-07-03 | Innovision Research & Technology Plc | Detectable components and detection apparatus for detecting such components |
| DE102012204660B4 (de) | 2012-03-22 | 2018-02-08 | Universität Kassel | Magnetisches Echtheitsmerkmal |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0123586B1 (de) | 1983-03-25 | 1988-06-01 | FAIRCHILD CAMERA & INSTRUMENT CORPORATION | Treiberschaltung mit drei möglichen Ausgangszuständen für eine automatische Testeinrichtung |
| BR8505670A (pt) * | 1984-02-15 | 1986-02-18 | Intermodulation & Safety Syst | Metodo e sistema para detectar presenca de dispositivo indicados numa zona limitada de investigacao |
| US4660025A (en) * | 1984-11-26 | 1987-04-21 | Sensormatic Electronics Corporation | Article surveillance magnetic marker having an hysteresis loop with large Barkhausen discontinuities |
| US4980670A (en) * | 1987-11-04 | 1990-12-25 | Sensormatic Electronics Corporation | Deactivatable E.A.S. marker having a step change in magnetic flux |
| GB8818849D0 (en) * | 1988-08-09 | 1988-09-14 | Emi Plc Thorn | Electromagnetic identification system |
| DE4007701A1 (de) * | 1990-03-10 | 1991-09-12 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh | Deaktivierbarer diebstahlsicherungsstreifen |
| JPH04218905A (ja) | 1990-03-23 | 1992-08-10 | Unitika Ltd | 薄膜状磁性材料及びその製造方法 |
| US5083112A (en) * | 1990-06-01 | 1992-01-21 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Multi-layer thin-film eas marker |
| US5313192A (en) * | 1992-07-02 | 1994-05-17 | Sensormatic Electronics Corp. | Deactivatable/reactivatable magnetic marker having a step change in magnetic flux |
-
1996
- 1996-02-09 DE DE19604746A patent/DE19604746A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-01-15 EP EP97100501A patent/EP0789340B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-15 ES ES97100501T patent/ES2160857T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-15 DE DE59704093T patent/DE59704093D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0789340A1 (de) | 1997-08-13 |
| DE59704093D1 (de) | 2001-08-30 |
| ES2160857T3 (es) | 2001-11-16 |
| DE19604746A1 (de) | 1997-08-14 |
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