EP0778215B1 - Palette und zugehöriges Entladungsverfahren - Google Patents

Palette und zugehöriges Entladungsverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0778215B1
EP0778215B1 EP96402550A EP96402550A EP0778215B1 EP 0778215 B1 EP0778215 B1 EP 0778215B1 EP 96402550 A EP96402550 A EP 96402550A EP 96402550 A EP96402550 A EP 96402550A EP 0778215 B1 EP0778215 B1 EP 0778215B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
floor
pallet
cabinet
runners
load
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96402550A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0778215A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-paul Prévot
Pascal Ricou
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Bull SA
Original Assignee
Bull SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0778215A1 publication Critical patent/EP0778215A1/de
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Publication of EP0778215B1 publication Critical patent/EP0778215B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/0004—Rigid pallets without side walls
    • B65D19/0006—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element
    • B65D19/0008—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface
    • B65D19/002—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of more than one element
    • B65D19/0024—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces
    • B65D19/0026—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces and each contact surface having a stringer-like shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/38—Details or accessories
    • B65D19/44—Elements or devices for locating articles on platforms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00014—Materials for the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00029—Wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00049—Materials for the base surface
    • B65D2519/00064—Wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00049—Materials for the base surface
    • B65D2519/00069—Plastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00049—Materials for the base surface
    • B65D2519/00079—Combination, e.g. different elements made of different materials, laminates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00084—Materials for the non-integral separating spacer
    • B65D2519/00104—Plastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00263—Overall construction of the pallet
    • B65D2519/00273—Overall construction of the pallet made of more than one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00283—Overall construction of the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00288—Overall construction of the load supporting surface made of one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
    • B65D2519/00323—Overall construction of the base surface made of more than one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
    • B65D2519/00328—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base
    • B65D2519/00333—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base contact surface having a stringer-like shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547—Connections
    • B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
    • B65D2519/00572—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer with separate auxiliary element, e.g. screws, nails, bayonets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00736—Details
    • B65D2519/00776—Accessories for manipulating the pallet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00736—Details
    • B65D2519/00805—Means for facilitating the removal of the load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00736—Details
    • B65D2519/0081—Elements or devices for locating articles
    • B65D2519/00815—Elements or devices for locating articles on the pallet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2585/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D2585/68—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials for machines, engines, or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form
    • B65D2585/6802—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials for machines, engines, or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form specific machines, engines or vehicles
    • B65D2585/6897—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials for machines, engines, or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form specific machines, engines or vehicles others
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/64—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for bulky articles

Definitions

  • the invention relates more specifically to transport pallets suitable for the transport of heavy, bulky and fragile objects, such as for example electrical signal processing cabinets by means of integrated circuits.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to pallets for transporting cupboards computer machines.
  • Transport usually includes the operations of handling, proper transport and storage.
  • the subject of the invention is a depalletizing process and a resulting pallet.
  • An ordinary pallet is made of a loading tray comprising two floors connected to each other by spacers allowing the passage of the forks forklifts and pallet trucks.
  • the invention relates to non-pallets reversible with a small bearing surface, intended for the aforementioned specific uses.
  • the lower floor forms a sole and constitutes with the spacers the support means of the upper floor, simply called floor.
  • the floor and its support means form a fixed structure, non-removable, and of course capable of supporting the weight of the cabinet.
  • the load When the load must be immobilized on the pallet, it is provided with means of maintenance of the load forming an extension or an entourage of the pallet.
  • These load maintenance means are very varied, and can be very sophisticated for specific uses.
  • Computer cabinets require very handling conditions rigorous, which will highlight the problems solved by the invention.
  • these cabinets are very expensive. They are made of electrical elements and miniaturized electronics to adapt to the very strong integration of circuits in semiconductor material and to provide the shortest signal paths very high frequency. These components and their assembly are therefore fragile and do not support big shocks. They are also very sensitive to environmental conditions, particularly thermal, mechanical and electromagnetic. For example, they should be kept away from dust, in a dry atmosphere and at a temperature not excessive.
  • the cabinets are therefore packed in a waterproof plastic sheath resistant, which must be well protected to avoid opening during transport, cause for example a side impact.
  • these cabinets are very heavy, around 250 kg for medium systems to over 500 kg for very large ones multiprocessor computer systems.
  • One of the aims of the invention is to facilitate the depalletization of the cabinet.
  • a other purpose is to protect the cabinet confides the possible shocks during the depalletization.
  • Yet another goal is to satisfy either of the two goals precedents with simple, space-saving, easy to use and inexpensive means expensive.
  • the subject of the invention is a method of depalletizing a mounted load. on a pallet made of a floor resting on skids, of the type consisting of tilt the floor, characterized in that it consists in pivoting the pads in a plane parallel to the floor to tilt the floor by lowering one of the sides of the floor and move the load at this angle.
  • the subject of the invention is also a pallet for transporting a load, comprising a floor and floor support means comprising two runners, characterized in that the two runners are mounted so that they can rotate in the plane of the floor.
  • the pallet 10 represented in FIG. 1 essentially comprises a rectangular floor 11 provided with support means formed by two pads side 12 mounted under the floor along approximately the length of two of its opposite sides. The other two opposite sides determine the front and the back of the floor.
  • the spacing and the height of the pads 12 are adapted to the passage of the forks of forklifts and pallet trucks. In the example realized, the height of the pads under the floor was of the order of 100 mm.
  • each shoe 12 is made of a sole 13 resting on the ground and spacers constituting shock absorption means 14 consisting in this case of three blocks of polyethylene foam fixed between the sole 13 and floor 11.
  • the three blocks 14 have substantially the same width as the sole and the same height to keep the tray horizontal.
  • Two of three foam blocks 14 of each shoe shown are glued in the parts end of the sole and the third block 14 is placed in the middle part.
  • the three foam blocks 14 of each illustrated shoe 12 are inserted between the sole 13 and two respective upper boards 15.
  • Each board illustrated 15 is based entirely on a block of end foam and partly on the middle foam block.
  • the two boards 15 are also provided with means adjustable fixing to the floor 11, for example by screwing. In the present case, the screwing is done by knocking nuts in the boards 15 at the level of the foam blocks 14 and in correspondence with holes drilled in the floor for the passage of screws 16.
  • the three blocks of foam 14 absorb the vertical component shocks.
  • the pallet is also provided with means for also absorbing shocks to horizontal components.
  • the means illustrated consist of two linings bumper 17 placed under the floor at the ends of the pads and overhanging sides of the floor.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a lining 17.
  • a first flat part 17a is placed against the lateral external face of a block end foam 14 of the pad and is fixed to this block.
  • the trim 17 has a middle part 17b perpendicular to part 17a and substantially covering the front face of the skate, and a third part 17c extending the first plane 17a and partly the middle part 17b to end beyond the front side or back of the floor and thus provide better shock absorption longitudinal.
  • Each lining 17 is fixed to the sole 13 and / or to the blocks of foam 14, in particular by gluing or nailing.
  • the illustrated attachment (indicated by the axes in Figure 3) is made by three wood screws 17d, two of which fix the first part 17a of the packing and the third fixes the middle part 17b.
  • Each illustrated trim is also attached to the floor by a jack 18 indicated below.
  • the floor support means also comprise jacks 18 to vary the height of the floor from the ground in the conditions which will be described later.
  • the jacks 18 illustrated are arranged in the four corners of the floor and are each made of a large rotating screw in floor impact nuts 11.
  • the floor 11 is provided with means for holding a cabinet 19 shown schematically in Figure 1 by its partially equipped frame (closed by two side panels only to reveal its structure interior).
  • Figures 4 and 5 illustrate details of the means for maintaining the wardrobe. These means are formed by two flanges 20 removably attached to the floor 11.
  • Figures 6 and 7 illustrate an exemplary embodiment of a flange 20.
  • Each flange 20 has the general shape of two wings 20a, 20b at right angles.
  • Wing 20a is removably fixed against the floor 11, for example by two screws 21 rotating in nuts to hit the floor. It ends with a ledge of maneuver 22.
  • the wing 20b is extended by two lateral fins 23 and a fin intermediate 24 folded parallel to the wing 20a.
  • the horizontal tube 19a constituting an element of the lower part of the frame the cabinet is intended to rest on the intermediate fin 24.
  • the intermediate fins 24 of the two flanges 20 can support the cabinet weight.
  • the cabinet 19 carries casters whose height is less than the height of the intermediate fins 24 relative to the floor 11.
  • the cabinet also rests on the floor by means of jacks 25 placed only to increase the seating area of the cabinet on the floor and ensure better stability in the event of an impact.
  • the feet cylinders 25 preferably rest in excavations 26 of the floor.
  • the cylinders 25 also have another role which will be described later.
  • the fins 23 serve for fixing in rotation and in transverse translation of the cabinet 19 and carry two respective pins 27 engaging in two holes correspondents formed in the tube 19a for fixing in rotation and in longitudinal translation of the cabinet.
  • the flanges illustrated have a triple role: they support the whole weight of the cabinet, they fix the cabinet in rotation and translation and, in the event of a side impact, they absorb the energy of the impact by deforming at the level of the fins 24 and of their wings 20b.
  • their role can be limited essentially to fixing of the cabinet. In other words, the cabinet could be worn entirely or partially by its casters or other elements.
  • the means for holding the cabinet also include a fixed cap 28 on the top (roof) of the cabinet and shown in perspective from below in the figure 8.
  • a fixed cap 28 on the top (roof) of the cabinet and shown in perspective from below in the figure 8.
  • the roof of the cabinet has four large corners respective nuts 29 for screwing the lifting eyes of the cabinet by means of a bridge or a crane.
  • the nuts 29 are used to fix two boards 30 parallel, preferably perpendicular to the pads 12, and protruding by each side of the cabinet of a given length. Plates 30 serve as support for the cap 28.
  • the cap is usually made of cardboard or a material similar.
  • the cap 28 also includes blocks of lateral thin foam 33, provided to reinforce shock absorption, especially in the case of transverse shock. At the cap 28 is also attached a number of accessories necessary for depalletization and illustrated in Figures 9 and 10 relating thereto.
  • the illustrated headdress contains: wedge 34, formed of a wooden board having a thickness of approximately 50 mm and a length at least greater than the spacing of the jacks 18; a board of stop 35 of the cabinet, having substantially the same length as the shim 34; of them stop pieces 36; two ramps 37 for bringing the cabinet to the ground; and two rules 38 intended to complete the two ramps so as to form two steps for the final descent of the cabinet.
  • the depalletization of the cabinet 19 is done as follows. We will assume that the preliminary unpacking step is done. In short, this step is to release the cabinet with its cover (not shown), usually made of plastic heat-shrinkable, its cap 28 and the two flanges 20. To remove the two flanges, the cylinders 25 of the cabinet are operated to lift it slightly and release the fins 24 of the flanges 20 of the weight of the cabinet. We can thus remove the flanges 20 by unscrewing the screws 21 fixing the wing 20a to the floor 11 and by pivoting the flanges by means of the operating flanges 22 so as to release the pins 27 from the cabinet frame.
  • the depalletization stage begins with the choice of the side of the floor through which the cabinet will be lowered. The front side of the floor seen from Figures 2, 9 and 10 will be chosen, the opposite side being called the rear side.
  • the depalletization stage is described with reference to Figures 9 and 10.
  • unscrew the three screws 17d (figure 3) and the two jacks 18 until the two linings 17 at the front of the pads 12 can be released from the floor and removed.
  • the two front screws are completely unscrewed 16 while the other two screws 16 on the rear side of the floor are simply loose. The order of these operations does not matter.
  • the two ramps 37 are placed against the front side of the floor and are preferably positioned at predetermined locations, by introducing here the high ends of the ramps in two respective notches 39 made in the face front of the wedge 34.
  • the upper ends of the two ramps 36 are provided with means for fixing the two stop pieces 36 therein.
  • the means illustrated form a raising of the lateral edges of the ramps.
  • the two rules 38 transverse to the ramps.
  • the first rule 38 is adjacent to the ends of the rails and has a thickness corresponding substantially to the height of end of adjacent rail.
  • this rule is provided with notches 40, similar to the notches 39 of the wedge 34, for positioning the ends of the rails and thus ensure their parallelism.
  • the second rule 38 has a thickness more low. This state now allows the cabinet to be removed from the pallet. It is enough then lower the cabinet by means of the jacks 25 to place its casters on the floor, position it correctly in relation to the ramps 37, remove the stop pieces 36 and the stop board 35, and rolling the cabinet over the ramps 37 and the corner 38 to be placed on the ground.
  • This depalletization process offers many advantages.
  • the spacing of the pads 12 is easy and considerably increases the seating area of the pallet and its stability.
  • the wedge 34 is simple and further improves stability from the palette.
  • the foam blocks 14 of the pads 12 limit the pressure cylinders 18 on the wedge 34.
  • the rear of the floor rests on skids 100 mm high while the front rests on the wedge 34 having 50 mm high and the length of the floor is around 1.10 m.
  • the result an inclination of approximately 3.5 ° favorable for moving the cabinet out of the palette.
  • the pushing force of a 500 kg cabinet with an angle 3.5 ° tilt is only around 30 kg.
  • the stop board 35 and the two stop pieces 36 can be simple and inexpensive elements. On the other hand, this low intensity force considerably helps the operator to move the cabinet out of the pallet.
  • the high ends ramps only have a reduced height, here at 80 mm (50 mm from the hold + 30 mm of floor thickness) compared to that of conventional pallets, which would 130 mm summer (100 mm shoe + 30 mm floor thickness). So the ramps can be simplified and each consist of a 2 mm metal rail thick and have a short length allowing them to be housed in the cap 28.
  • the two rules 38 offer the advantage of further reducing the length of the ramps and facilitate the descent of the cabinet to the ground.
  • the front side of the floor could directly lean on the ground if the inclination of the floor is not detrimental to the depalletization and safety of the cabinet and people.
  • the most suitable angle of inclination is around 4 ° for the reasons emerge from the above description.
  • the rear side could also rest on a wedge such as 34. In this case, the use of ramps 37 would no longer be necessary.
  • the thickness of the floor which depends on the weight of the load and which can be relatively large (of the order of 30 mm in the example illustrated), can be acceptable for lowering the cabinet if the shock produced by this drop falls within the prescribed tolerance limits. Otherwise, you can thin the edges of the floor by giving them a bevel shape, or have guide rails which will have the advantage of being simply small wooden corners and to be able to rest entirely on the ground.
  • the two rear cylinders 18 are not used for the depalletizing process illustrated and could therefore be absent. However, their presence leaves very advantageously to the operator the choice of the pallet setting side of the cabinet.
  • the invention therefore relates to a palette 10 of transport of a load 19, comprising a floor 11 and means for supporting the floor comprising two pads 12 and making it possible to tilt the floor for the depalletization of the load.
  • the two pads 12 are mounted so that they can pivot in the plane of the floor around respective axes 16 close to one side of the floor and the floor support means comprise jacks 18 allowing vary the height of the opposite side of the floor from the ground.
  • the pins can be placed in the middle of the floor, so that the general principle of the illustrated pallet is that the two pads 12 are mounted so as to be able to pivot in the plane of the floor and the means of floor support have cylinders to vary the height on one side of the floor.
  • each skate includes a sole resting on the ground and shock absorption means, such as at least one block of foam 14, serving spacer between the floor and the sole of the skate.
  • shock absorption means such as at least one block of foam 14, serving spacer between the floor and the sole of the skate.
  • the skate may have only one single spacer arranged on a major part of the sole or, as illustrated, several foam spacers in the form of blocks, which can be separated to constitute another entry for the forks of transport equipment. Others materials or structures can serve as means of shock absorption.
  • the foam blocks are fixed between the sole 13 of the skate and two boards 15 provided with removable fixing means 16 to the pallet floor, for example by screwing. This option has the advantage of being simple and inexpensive. The fact of using two boards instead of one, moreover possible, facilitates the deformation of the foam blocks.
  • the shock absorption means comprise two anti-shock linings 17 can be fixed to the foam blocks and / or to the sole of the skate and / or on the floor and used for shock absorption with a horizontal component.
  • these linings protrude from the floor to better absorb all the horizontal components of shocks.
  • These toppings are made of foam in the example illustrated, but could be made of wood and constituted by a single board extending along each skate.
  • the displacement of the charging can be done by rolling, as shown, or by sliding. In the case where the load is fixed to the pallet by means of flanges 20, we have seen that these flanges are removed before tilting the floor.
  • the inclination of the floor can be independent of unlocking or of the removal of these means.
  • the depalletization process also emerges from the preceding description.
  • the process for depalletizing a load 19 mounted on a pallet 10 made of a floor 11 resting on pads 12 consists of tilting floor.
  • the principle of the example illustrated consists in rotating the pads parallel to the floor, then lower one side of the floor and move the charge to this side.
  • it can consist in removing a skate and lower the corresponding side of the floor, or consist of removing the skids and lower to opposite heights two opposite sides of the floor.
  • a shim is preferably placed under one side of the floor.
  • This side can be the front side (lowered) as in the example illustrated, or the back side, or even a side side.
  • stop means To keep the load on the floor despite its inclination, it is possible to place stop means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Verfahren zur Depalettierung einer Ladung (19), die auf einer Palette (10) montiert ist, welche aus einer Platte (11) besteht, die auf zwei Klötzen (12) ruht, wobei das Verfahren darin besteht, die Platte zu neigen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das verfahren darin besteht, die Klötze in einer zur Platte parallelen Ebene zu schwenken, um die Platte durch Absenken einer der Seiten der Platte zu neigen, und die Ladung dieser Neigung folgend zu verschieben.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es darin besteht, die Schwenkachsen (16) in der Nähe einer Seite der Platte anzubringen und die Klötze zur Außenseite der Platte hin zu schwenken.
  3. Palette (10) zum Transport einer Ladung (19), die eine Platte (11) enthält, sowie Stützmittel für diese Platte, die zwei Klötze (12) enthalten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Klötze so montiert sind, daß sie in der Ebene der Platte schwenkbar sind.
  4. Palette nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stützmittel für die Platte Höhenverstelleinrichtungen (18) beinhalten, die es erlauben, die Höhe einer Seite der Platte in Bezug auf den Boden zu verändern.
  5. Palette nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Klötze so montiert sind, daß sie um Achsen (16) in der Nähe einer Seite der Platte schwenkbar sind.
  6. Palette nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Klötze so montiert sind, daß sie um Achsen (16) schwenkbar sind, die in der Mitte der Platte vorgesehen sind.
  7. Palette nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Mittel (34) die einen Keil bilden, dazu bestimmt sind, unter der abgesenkten Seite der Platte angebracht zu werden.
  8. Palette nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Palette Mittel (37, 38) beinhaltet, die eine Rampe bilden.
  9. Palette nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Palette Anschlagmittel (36) beinhaltet, um die Ladung trotz ihrer Neigung auf der Platte festzuhalten.
EP96402550A 1995-12-08 1996-11-27 Palette und zugehöriges Entladungsverfahren Expired - Lifetime EP0778215B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9514577 1995-12-08
FR9514577A FR2742126B1 (fr) 1995-12-08 1995-12-08 Procede de depalettisation et palette en resultant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0778215A1 EP0778215A1 (de) 1997-06-11
EP0778215B1 true EP0778215B1 (de) 1999-08-18

Family

ID=9485312

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96402550A Expired - Lifetime EP0778215B1 (de) 1995-12-08 1996-11-27 Palette und zugehöriges Entladungsverfahren

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5842424A (de)
EP (1) EP0778215B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2818748B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69603821T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2742126B1 (de)

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CN104053332B (zh) * 2013-03-15 2016-12-28 英业达科技有限公司 托盘结构及使用该结构的伺服器机柜装卸装置
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US11634259B2 (en) * 2019-08-24 2023-04-25 Logistics Advanced Research Center LLC Reusable shipping platform for transporting multiple electrical circuit breakers
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2742126A1 (fr) 1997-06-13
DE69603821T2 (de) 2000-01-20
US5842424A (en) 1998-12-01
EP0778215A1 (de) 1997-06-11
DE69603821D1 (de) 1999-09-23
FR2742126B1 (fr) 1998-01-02
JPH09169338A (ja) 1997-06-30
JP2818748B2 (ja) 1998-10-30

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