EP0766608B1 - Continuous casting mould - Google Patents

Continuous casting mould Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0766608B1
EP0766608B1 EP96909916A EP96909916A EP0766608B1 EP 0766608 B1 EP0766608 B1 EP 0766608B1 EP 96909916 A EP96909916 A EP 96909916A EP 96909916 A EP96909916 A EP 96909916A EP 0766608 B1 EP0766608 B1 EP 0766608B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
continuous casting
casting mold
taper
mold
center region
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0766608A1 (en
Inventor
Franz Wimmer
Heinrich THÖNE
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Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH
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Voest Alpine Industrienlagenbau GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/041Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for vertical casting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a continuous casting mold for casting a strand with polygonal Cross-section, with side walls forming a mold cavity with a polygonal cross-section limit, with side walls having a central region extending in the casting direction a first conicity and laterally adjoining the central area with a side area have less taper than the first taper.
  • a continuous casting mold of this type is known from EP-A-0 179 364. According to this The edge angle between adjacent side walls of the document decreases Continuous casting mold in the direction of the strand, i.e. Pouring direction, with the proviso that the tensile stresses in the edge area caused by the shrinkage of the strand shell continuously reduce or compensate. This is intended to cause the strand shell to become detached from the cooled mold wall in the area of the corners to avoid this to achieve uniform shell growth, in particular a uniformly thick shell.
  • this is disadvantageous for the following reason:
  • the invention aims at avoiding these disadvantages and difficulties and presents itself the task of creating a continuous casting mold in which an even shell growth with at the same time only low frictional forces between the strand and the continuous casting mold is ensured.
  • a lifting of the strand shells in the edge area of the Strands go so deliberately that weak spots locally adjacent to the edges no longer occur and significantly reduces the risk of breakthrough in these areas, if not avoided altogether.
  • the central region is conical which is greater than a conicity adapted to the strand shrinkage and that the width of the side areas in the casting direction to the end of the continuous casting mold is increasingly trained to enlarge.
  • a plate mold for the continuous casting of a slab is known from JP-A-61 049 751, which is formed by two broad sides and two narrow sides. To avoid longitudinal cracks the narrow sides of the strand are arched convex, etc. from top to bottom increasingly.
  • EP-A-0 498 296 relates to a mold for the continuous casting of metals, in particular of Steel with the mold cavity on the pouring side and on the strand exit side has different geometric shapes.
  • the strand should be one within the mold Participate in targeted deformation of the strand cross-section, which improves cooling the strand crust is to be reached.
  • each side wall has a one Cross-sectional enlargement bulge, where the degree of bulge reduced in the strand running direction so that the strand cross-sectional shape during the passage deformed by the mold.
  • the central region preferably extends from the end of the continuous casting mold to at least in the area of the mold level, the middle area expediently from a flat surface is formed and has a constant taper over its entire length.
  • a sharp rise in the between the strand shell and the mold side walls prevailing frictional forces are reliably avoided if the central area has a Taper in the range between 1.5 to 2.5% / m mold length, preferably in the range between 2 and 2.5% / m mold length.
  • the side regions preferably extend from the end of the continuous casting mold to below the area of the mold level, but up to the upper half of the mold, i.e. it is sufficient, if the side areas only extend to where, for the first time, the Strand shell takes place in the edge area.
  • the side areas are convex in cross section arched, advantageously at the transition from the side areas to the central area the side areas and the middle area have a common tangential surface.
  • the mold expediently has the convexly curved cross section of the side areas starting increasing curvature from the transition to the central area to the corner area.
  • a side wall of the continuous casting mold according to the invention is easy to manufacture if the convex curved cross section of the side areas of circular lines with two different ones Radii is formed, which have a tangential transition.
  • the taper of the side regions is preferably less than one of the strand shrinkage adapted conicity.
  • Adequate release of the edge areas of the strand is given when the Taper of the side areas in the corner areas of the mold cavity maximum 1.5 to The length of the mold is 2.0% / m, the taper of the side regions advantageously being minimal 0% / m mold length.
  • the transitions from the central area to the side areas each go from Corner areas of adjacent side surfaces of the continuous casting mold and approach - Seen in the casting direction - arcuate the center line of symmetry of a side wall, the arcuate transitions advantageously increasing towards the end of the continuous casting mold Have curvature.
  • Fig. 1 is a view Inside of a side wall of a continuous casting mold and Fig. 2 is a plan view of a Continuous casting mold, which is formed from four of the side walls shown in Fig. 1 show.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a section along the line III-III of Fig. 1 in enlarged Scale. 4 and 5, edge regions are each one on an enlarged scale Continuous casting mold in cross-section with the strand located in the continuous casting mold
  • Fig. 4 shows the relationships which exist in a conventional Continuous casting mold occur and Fig. 5 shows the conditions in an inventive Continuous casting mold reproduces.
  • the side wall 1 of a continuous casting mold 2 shown in FIG. 1 serves to form a mold in FIG. 2 shown mold cavity 3, which has approximately a cross section of a billet.
  • the Side wall 1 has an extending from top to bottom. i.e. from pouring area 4 to to the end 5 of the continuous casting mold 2 extending, central region 6, which is symmetrical to Longitudinal central axis 7 or center of symmetry of the side wall 1 is formed.
  • This The central region 6 is approximately tongue-shaped, but the central region is in the Pouring area 4 and preferably over an area 8, which makes a little more than that first quarter of the longitudinal extent 9 of the side wall 1, over the entire width 10 of the Side wall 1 extends.
  • the area 8 extends with a mold length of approximately 800 mm over a length of 200 to 250 mm.
  • side areas 11 connect laterally to the central area 6, the transitions 12 from the central region 6 to the side regions 11 in a plan view of the Side wall 1 are designed in an arc shape, with end 5 of the continuous casting mold 2 towards increasing curvature. This results in a continuous and in the casting direction the width of the side areas 11; the maximum width is on End 5 of the continuous casting mold 2.
  • the central region 6 has a taper that is greater than one of the strand shrinkage adapted taper, namely the taper is about 2 to 2.5% / m mold length 9. Der The central region 6 is flat and the taper of the central region 6 is above that entire length 9 of the side wall 1 kept constant.
  • the side areas 11, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, are convexly curved to the mold cavity 3 and connect tangentially to the central area 6 at the transition 12, so that there is no kink in the side wall 1 at the transition 12.
  • the convex curvature of the side regions 11 increases towards the corner regions 13 of the mold cavity 3. ie has an increasing curvature.
  • this increasing curvature - when considering the cross section of the side wall 1 - is realized by circular arcs with different radii R 1 and R 2 , an area with a very large radius R 1 adjoining the central area 6 and this area an area with a smaller radius R 2 connects.
  • the taper of the side areas 11 is less than the taper of the central area. It is expediently less than a taper adapted to the strand shrinkage: it is advantageously between a minimum of 0% / m mold length and 1.5% / m mold length.
  • Mold length of the side wall parts 11 is the extent of the indentation 14 of the corner regions 13 opposite the middle part 9 at the lower end 5 of the mold 2 with a mold side width 10 of 160 mm and a mold length of 800 mm about 1 mm
  • the taper of the Middle range is 2.5% / m mold length.
  • the central region 6 of the side wall 1 can over the area 8 of the mold over which it extends over the entire width 10 of the side wall 1 extends, have a higher conicity than over its remaining longitudinal region.
  • the shell 15 of the strand is membrane-like, particularly in the central region soft, and it can therefore easily adapt to the central region 6 of the side walls 1 adjust existing excessive taper.
  • an abutment of the continuous shell 15 on the side walls 1 of the continuous casting mold 2 causes, namely on the side regions 11 of the side walls 1, but without directly in the Corner areas 13 a contact pressure between the continuous casting mold 2 and the continuous shell 15 to evoke.
  • the lower taper of the side areas 11 in combination with the Exaggerated conicity of the central areas 6 in this when casting with conventional A safe support and therefore a good support for the transition area at risk Contact and thus heat transfer through heat conduction.
  • the continuous casting mold according to the invention is largely insensitive to one Change the casting parameters. It ensures an even shell growth and allows an exemption of the edge regions 19 of the strand, in which none Shell weaknesses occur. As a result, there are frictional forces between strand shell 15 and side walls 1 of the continuous casting mold 2 and thus also the shell loading of the strand minimized. In addition, this also results in very little mold wear.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing, but it can be modified in various ways.
  • the continuous casting mold 2 can both be designed as a tubular mold as well as a plate mold. Your bet is not on that Limited vertical pouring.
  • the mold cavity can also have a curved central axis exhibit.

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/AT96/00072 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 4, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 4, 1997 PCT Filed Apr. 15, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO96/33034 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 24, 1996A continuous casting mold for casting a billet with a polygonal cross section has side walls delimiting a mold space with a polygonal cross section and the side walls have a center region extending from an open top end to an open bottom or exit end of the mold with a first degree of taper and, at the sides of the center regions, abutting side regions with a lesser degree of taper than the first degree. In order to obtain even growth of the casting shell with low frictional forces, the center region has a degree of taper which is greater than the amount from the billet contraction and the width of the side regions increases as the distance from the exit end of the continuous casting mold decreases.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Stranggießkokille zum Gießen eines Stranges mit polygonalem Querschnitt,mit Seitenwänden, die einen Kokillenhohlraum mit polygonalem Querschnitt begrenzen, wobei Seitenwände einen sich in Gießrichtung erstreckenden Mittelbereich mit einer ersten Konizität und seitlich an den Mittelbereich anschließende Seitenbereiche mit einer geringeren Konizität als die erste Konizität aufweisen.The invention relates to a continuous casting mold for casting a strand with polygonal Cross-section, with side walls forming a mold cavity with a polygonal cross-section limit, with side walls having a central region extending in the casting direction a first conicity and laterally adjoining the central area with a side area have less taper than the first taper.

Eine Stranggießkokille dieser Art ist aus der EP-A-0 179 364 bekannt. Gemaß diesem Dokument verkleinert sich der Kantenwinkel zwischen benachbarten Seitenwänden der Stranggießkokille in Stranglaufrichtung, d.h. Gießrichtung, mit der Maßgabe, daß sich die durch die Schwindung der Strangschale verursachten Zugspannungen im Kantenbereich laufend abbauen bzw. kompensieren. Hierdurch sollen Ablöseerscheinungen der Strangschale von der gekühlten Kokillenwand im Bereich der Ecken vermieden werden, um dadurch ein gleichmäßiges Schalenwachstum, insbesondere eine gleichmäßig dicke Schale, zu erreichen. Dies ist jedoch nachteilig, und zwar aus folgendem Grund:A continuous casting mold of this type is known from EP-A-0 179 364. According to this The edge angle between adjacent side walls of the document decreases Continuous casting mold in the direction of the strand, i.e. Pouring direction, with the proviso that the tensile stresses in the edge area caused by the shrinkage of the strand shell continuously reduce or compensate. This is intended to cause the strand shell to become detached from the cooled mold wall in the area of the corners to avoid this to achieve uniform shell growth, in particular a uniformly thick shell. However, this is disadvantageous for the following reason:

Im Kantenbereich des Stranges kommt es bei herkömmlichen Stranggießkokillen bereits in der ersten Erstarrungsphase des Stranges, also unmittelbar unterhalb des Gießspiegels, durch den im Kantenbereich stattfindenden zweidimensionalen Wärmetransport zu einem besonders starken Schalenwachstum. Dadurch steigt die Steifigkeit der Strangschale im Kantenbereich so stark an, daß der ferrostatische Druck im Inneren des Stranges nicht mehr ausreicht, um die Strangschale im Kantenbereich an die Kokillenseitenwände zu drücken. Es kommt im Kantenbereich zu einem Kontaktverlust. Dieser Kontaktverlust bewirkt, daß im Kantenbereich ein weiteres Abkühlen des Stranges nur mehr durch Wärmestrahlung, nicht mehr jedoch durch Wärmeleitung, stattfinden kann.With conventional continuous casting molds, it already occurs in the edge area of the strand first solidification phase of the strand, i.e. immediately below the casting level, through the Two-dimensional heat transport taking place in the edge area to a special strong shell growth. This increases the rigidity of the strand shell in the edge area strongly suggests that the ferrostatic pressure inside the strand is no longer sufficient to achieve the Press the strand shell in the edge area against the mold side walls. It comes in Edge area to a loss of contact. This loss of contact causes the edge area further cooling of the strand only by heat radiation, but no longer by Heat conduction can take place.

Die Folge davon ist ein sofortiges Zurückbleiben des Schalenwachstums gegenüber benachbarten, an den Seitenwänden der Stranggießkokille anliegenden Strangzonen. Direkt an der Kante des Stranges jedoch wird der Wegfall des Wärmeübergangs durch Wärmeleitung durch die zweidimensional wirkende Wärmestrahlung, kompensiert. Es bilden sich somit Schwachstellenzonen mit geringerer Schalendicke aus, und zwar jeweils knapp benachbart zu den Kanten des Stranges, wobei sich diese Schwachstellenzonen in Längsrichtung des Stranges erstrecken. Das örtliche Zurückbleiben des Schalenwachstums bewirkt eine inhomogene und somit spannungsreichere und rißempfindlichere Strangschale und ergibt ein Durchbruchsrisiko. Während des Durchlaufens des Stranges durch die Kokille verschieben sich diese Schwachstellen geringfügig von den Eckbereichen der Kokille weg zur Mitte der Seitenwände hin.The result of this is an immediate lag in peel growth adjacent strand zones adjacent to the side walls of the continuous casting mold. Directly to the edge of the strand, however, becomes the loss of heat transfer through heat conduction compensated by the two-dimensional heat radiation. It is thus formed Vulnerability zones with a smaller shell thickness, each just adjacent to the edges of the strand, these vulnerability zones extending in the longitudinal direction of the strand extend. The local lagging of the shell growth causes an inhomogeneous and thus more tension-sensitive and crack-sensitive strand shell and results in a breakthrough risk. As the strand passes through the mold, it shifts Weak spots slightly away from the corner areas of the mold to the center of the side walls there.

Versucht man nun gemäß der EP-A-0 179 364 durch Verkleinung des Kantenwinkels in Gießrichtung das Ablösen der Strangschale von den gekühlten Seitenwänden der Kokille im Bereich der Ecken zu vermeiden, kommt es zunächst zu einer Erhöhung der Ausziehkraft für den Strang infolge vermehrt auftretender Reibung. Weiters tritt übermäßiges Kühlen der Kantenbereiche infolge des über die gesamte Kokillenlänge - zumindest theoretisch - stattfindenden Kontaktes zwischen Strangkanten und Kokillenecken auf, was zu einer weiteren Erhöhung der Reibkräfte zwischen Strang und Stranggießkokille führt. Kommt es letztendlich doch zu einem Kontakterlust im Kuntenbereich, tritt der oben beschriebene Effekt des Auftretens von örtlichen Schwachstellen zusätzlich auf.Now try according to EP-A-0 179 364 by reducing the edge angle in Pouring direction the detachment of the strand shell from the cooled side walls of the mold in To avoid area of the corners, there is initially an increase in the pull-out force for the strand due to increased friction. Furthermore, excessive cooling occurs Edge areas as a result of the - at least theoretically - over the entire mold length contact between strand edges and mold corners, which leads to another Increases the frictional forces between the strand and the continuous casting mold. Ultimately it comes but to a loss of contact in the customer area, the above-described effect of Occurrence of local vulnerabilities.

Die Erfindung bezweckt die Vermeidung dieser Nachteile und Schwierigkeiten und stellt sich die Aufgabe, eine Stranggießkokille zu schaffen, bei der ein gleichmäßiges Schalenwachstum bei gleichzeitig nur geringen Reibungskräften zwischen Strang und Stranggießkokille sichergestellt ist. Insbesondere soll ein Abheben der Strangschalen im Kantenbereich des Stranges derart gezielt vor sich gehen, daß örtlich den Kanten benachbarte Schwachstellen nicht mehr auftreten und ein Durchbruchsrisiko in diesen Bereichen wesentlich verringert, wenn nicht gar ganz vermieden ist.The invention aims at avoiding these disadvantages and difficulties and presents itself the task of creating a continuous casting mold in which an even shell growth with at the same time only low frictional forces between the strand and the continuous casting mold is ensured. In particular, a lifting of the strand shells in the edge area of the Strands go so deliberately that weak spots locally adjacent to the edges no longer occur and significantly reduces the risk of breakthrough in these areas, if not avoided altogether.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch gelöst, daß der Mittelbereich eine Konizität aufweist, die größer ist als eine der Strangschrumpfung angepaßte Konizität und daß die Breite der Seitenbereiche sich in Gießrichtung bis zum Ende der Stranggießkokille zunehmend vergrößern ausgebildet ist.This object is achieved in that the central region is conical which is greater than a conicity adapted to the strand shrinkage and that the width of the side areas in the casting direction to the end of the continuous casting mold is increasingly trained to enlarge.

Hierdurch ist es möglich, eine gezielte Freistellung der Kantenbereiche des Stranges in der Stranggießkokille zu erreichen, wodurch Reibungskräfte reduziert und ein Klemmen des Stranges mit Sicherheit vermieden wird. Es hat sich herausgestellt, daß durch das membranartige Biegeverhalten der Strangschale in den zentralen Bereichen, wo die Strangschale in den Mittelbereichen der Seitenwände der Stranggießkokille anliegt, ein elastiches Zurückweichen der Strangschale ermöglicht wird, ohne daß jedoch die Reibungskräfte zwischen Strangschale und Seitenwänden der Stranggießkokille stark ansteigen. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Seitenbereiche in Kombination mit dem Mittelbereich der Seitenwände der Stranggießkokille ist neben der gezielten Freistellung des Kantenbereichs des Stranges ein Anliegen der Strangschale in den Bereichen erzielbar, in denen bei herkömmlichen Stranggießkokillen die oben erwähnten örtlichen Schwachstellen auftreten.This makes it possible to deliberately exempt the edge regions of the strand in the Achieve continuous casting mold, reducing frictional forces and jamming the Stranges is avoided with certainty. It has been found that through the membrane-like bending behavior of the strand shell in the central areas where the Strand shell in the middle regions of the side walls of the continuous casting mold elastic retraction of the strand shell is made possible without the Frictional forces between the continuous shell and the side walls of the continuous casting mold are strong increase. The inventive design of the side areas in combination with The central area of the side walls of the continuous casting mold is next to the targeted exemption of the edge region of the strand, a contact of the strand shell can be achieved in the regions in those in conventional continuous casting molds the local weaknesses mentioned above occur.

Aus der JP-A-61 049 751 ist eine Plattenkokille zum Stranggießen einer Bramme bekannt, die von zwei Breitseiten und zwei Schmalseiten gebildet ist. Zur Vermeidung von Längsrissen sind die Schmalseiten am Strang bogenförmig konvex ausgebildet, u.zw. von oben nach unten hin zunehmend.A plate mold for the continuous casting of a slab is known from JP-A-61 049 751, which is formed by two broad sides and two narrow sides. To avoid longitudinal cracks the narrow sides of the strand are arched convex, etc. from top to bottom increasingly.

Die EP-A-0 498 296 betrifft eine Kokille zum Stranggießen von Metallen, insbesondere von Stahl, bei der der Formhohlraum auf der Eingießseite und auf der Strangaustrittsseite unterschiedliche geometrische Formen aufweist. Der Strang soll innerhalb der Kokille eine gezielte Verformung des Strangquerschnittes mitmachen, wodurch eine verbesserte Kühlung der Strangkruste erreicht werden soll. Zu diesem Zweck weist jede Seitenwand eine eine Querschnittsvergrößerung bildende Ausbauchung auf, wobei sich das Maß der Ausbauchung in Stranglaufrichtung derart verkleinert, daß sich die Strangquerschnittsform beim Durchlauf durch die Kokille verformt.EP-A-0 498 296 relates to a mold for the continuous casting of metals, in particular of Steel with the mold cavity on the pouring side and on the strand exit side has different geometric shapes. The strand should be one within the mold Participate in targeted deformation of the strand cross-section, which improves cooling the strand crust is to be reached. For this purpose, each side wall has a one Cross-sectional enlargement bulge, where the degree of bulge reduced in the strand running direction so that the strand cross-sectional shape during the passage deformed by the mold.

Vorzugsweise erstreckt sich der Mittelbereich vom Ende der Stranggießkokille bis mindestens in den Gießspiegelbereich, wobei der Mittelbereich zweckmäßig von einer ebenen Fläche gebildet ist sowie über seine gesamte Länge eine konstante Konizität aufweist.The central region preferably extends from the end of the continuous casting mold to at least in the area of the mold level, the middle area expediently from a flat surface is formed and has a constant taper over its entire length.

Ein starkes Ansteigen der zwischen der Strangschale und den Kokillenseitenwänden herrschenden Reibungskräfte wird zuverlässig vermieden, wenn der Mittelbereich eine Konizität im Bereich zwischen 1,5 bis 2,5 %/m Kokillenlänge, vorzugsweise im Bereich zwischen 2 bis 2,5 %/m Kokillenlänge aufweist.A sharp rise in the between the strand shell and the mold side walls prevailing frictional forces are reliably avoided if the central area has a Taper in the range between 1.5 to 2.5% / m mold length, preferably in the range between 2 and 2.5% / m mold length.

Vorzugsweise erstrecken sich die Seitenbereiche vom Ende der Stranggießkokille bis unterhalb des Gießspiegelbereiches, jedoch bis in die obere Kokillenhälfte, d.h. es genügt, wenn sich die Seitenbereiche nur bis dorthin erstrecken, wo etwa erstmals ein Abheben der Strangschale im Kantenbereich stattfindet.The side regions preferably extend from the end of the continuous casting mold to below the area of the mold level, but up to the upper half of the mold, i.e. it is sufficient, if the side areas only extend to where, for the first time, the Strand shell takes place in the edge area.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die Seitenbereiche im Querschnitt konvex gewölbt ausgebildet, wobei vorteilhaft am Übergang der Seitenbereiche in den Mittelbereich die Seitenbereiche und der Mittelbereich eine gemeinsame Tangentialfläche aufweisen. According to a preferred embodiment, the side areas are convex in cross section arched, advantageously at the transition from the side areas to the central area the side areas and the middle area have a common tangential surface.

Zur Sicherstellung der Freistellung der Kantenbereiche des Stranges über die untere Hälfte der Kokille weist zweckmäßig der konvex gewölbte Querschnitt der Seitenbereiche ausgehend vom Übergang zum Mittelbereich bis zum Eckbereich eine zunehmende Krümmung auf.To ensure the release of the edge areas of the strand over the lower half of the The mold expediently has the convexly curved cross section of the side areas starting increasing curvature from the transition to the central area to the corner area.

Einfach herstellbar ist eine Seitenwand der erfindungsgemäßen Stranggießkokille, wenn der konvex gewölbte Querschnitt der Seitenbereiche von Kreislinien mit zwei unterschiedlichen Radien gebildet ist, die einen tangentialen Übergang aufweisen.A side wall of the continuous casting mold according to the invention is easy to manufacture if the convex curved cross section of the side areas of circular lines with two different ones Radii is formed, which have a tangential transition.

Vorzugsweise ist die Konizität der Seitenbereiche geringer als eine der Strangschrumpfung angepaßte Konizität.The taper of the side regions is preferably less than one of the strand shrinkage adapted conicity.

Eine hinreichende Freistellung der Kantenbereiche des Stranges ist dann gegeben, wenn die Konizität der Seitenbereiche in den Eckbereichen des Kokillenhohlraumes maximal 1,5 bis 2,0 %/m Kokillenlänge beträgt, wobei vorteilhaft die Konizität der Seitenbereiche minimal 0 %/m Kokillenlänge beträgt. Adequate release of the edge areas of the strand is given when the Taper of the side areas in the corner areas of the mold cavity maximum 1.5 to The length of the mold is 2.0% / m, the taper of the side regions advantageously being minimal 0% / m mold length.

Entsprechend dem bei herkömmlichen Stranggießkokillen beobachteten Schwachstellenverlauf gehen zweckmäßig die Übergänge vom Mittelbereich zu den Seitenbereichen jeweils von Eckbereichen aneinandergrenzender Seitenflächen der Stranggießkokille aus und nähern sich - in Gießrichtung gesehen - bogenförmig der Symmetriemittellinie einer Seitenwand, wobei die bogenförmigen Übergänge vorteilhaft eine zum Ende der Stranggießkokille hin zunehmende Krümmung aufweisen.Corresponding to the weak point pattern observed with conventional continuous casting molds expediently the transitions from the central area to the side areas each go from Corner areas of adjacent side surfaces of the continuous casting mold and approach - Seen in the casting direction - arcuate the center line of symmetry of a side wall, the arcuate transitions advantageously increasing towards the end of the continuous casting mold Have curvature.

Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand eines in der Zeichnung in schematischer Darstellung veranschaulichten Ausführungsbeispieles naher erläutert, wobei Fig. 1 eine Ansicht einer Innenseite einer Seitenwand einer Stranggießkokille und Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf eine Stranggießkokille, die aus vier von in Fig. 1 dargestellten Seitenwanden gebildet ist, zeigen. Fig. 3 veranschaulicht einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie III-III der Fig. 1 im vergrößerten Maßstab. In den Fig. 4 und 5 sind jeweils in vergrößertem Maßstab Kantenbereiche einer Stranggießkokille im Querschnitt mit in der Stranggießkokille befindlichem Strang veranschaulicht, wobei Fig. 4 die Verhältnisse zeigt, welche bei einer herkömmlichen Stranggießkokille auftreten und Fig. 5 die Verhältnisse bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Stranggießkokille wiedergibt.The invention is based on a schematic representation in the drawing illustrated embodiment explained in more detail, wherein Fig. 1 is a view Inside of a side wall of a continuous casting mold and Fig. 2 is a plan view of a Continuous casting mold, which is formed from four of the side walls shown in Fig. 1 show. Fig. 3 illustrates a section along the line III-III of Fig. 1 in enlarged Scale. 4 and 5, edge regions are each one on an enlarged scale Continuous casting mold in cross-section with the strand located in the continuous casting mold Fig. 4 shows the relationships which exist in a conventional Continuous casting mold occur and Fig. 5 shows the conditions in an inventive Continuous casting mold reproduces.

Die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Seitenwand 1 einer Stranggießkokille 2 dient zur Bildung eines in Fig. 2 dargestellten Kokillenhohlraumes 3, der etwa einen Querschnitt eines Knüppels aufweist. Die Seitenwand 1 weist einen sich von oben bis unten erstreckenden. d.h. vom Eingießbereich 4 bis zum Ende 5 der Stranggießkokille 2 erstreckenden, Mittelbereich 6 auf, der symmetrisch zur Längsmittelachse 7 bzw. Symmetriemittellinie der Seitenwand 1 ausgebildet ist. Dieser Mittelbereich 6 ist etwa zungenförmig gestaltet, wobei sich jedoch der Mittelbereich im Eingießbereich 4 und vorzugsweise über einen Bereich 8, der etwas mehr ausmacht als das erste Viertel der Längserstreckung 9 der Seitenwand 1, über die gesamte Breite 10 der Seitenwand 1 erstreckt. Der Bereich 8 erstreckt sich bei einer Kokillenlänge von etwa 800 mm über eine Länge von 200 bis 250 mm.The side wall 1 of a continuous casting mold 2 shown in FIG. 1 serves to form a mold in FIG. 2 shown mold cavity 3, which has approximately a cross section of a billet. The Side wall 1 has an extending from top to bottom. i.e. from pouring area 4 to to the end 5 of the continuous casting mold 2 extending, central region 6, which is symmetrical to Longitudinal central axis 7 or center of symmetry of the side wall 1 is formed. This The central region 6 is approximately tongue-shaped, but the central region is in the Pouring area 4 and preferably over an area 8, which makes a little more than that first quarter of the longitudinal extent 9 of the side wall 1, over the entire width 10 of the Side wall 1 extends. The area 8 extends with a mold length of approximately 800 mm over a length of 200 to 250 mm.

Unterhalb dieses Bereichs 8 schließen seitlich an den Mittelbereich 6 Seitenbereiche 11 an, wobei die Übergange 12 vom Mittelbereich 6 zu den Seitenbereichen 11 in Draufsicht auf die Seitenwand 1 bogenförmig gestaltet sind, und zwar mit zum Ende 5 der Stranggießkokille 2 hin zunehmender Krümmung. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine in Gießrichtung stetig und sprungstellenfrei zunehmende Breite der Seitenbereiche 11; die Maximalbreite befindet sich am Ende 5 der Stranggießkokille 2. Below this area 8, side areas 11 connect laterally to the central area 6, the transitions 12 from the central region 6 to the side regions 11 in a plan view of the Side wall 1 are designed in an arc shape, with end 5 of the continuous casting mold 2 towards increasing curvature. This results in a continuous and in the casting direction the width of the side areas 11; the maximum width is on End 5 of the continuous casting mold 2.

Der Mittelbereich 6 weist eine Konizität auf, die größer ist als eine der Strangschrumpfung angepaßte Konizität, und zwar beträgt die Konizität etwa 2 bis 2.5 %/m Kokillenlänge 9. Der Mittelbereich 6 ist ebenflächig gestaltet, und die Konizität des Mittelbereiches 6 ist über die gesamte Länge 9 der Seitenwand 1 konstant gehalten.The central region 6 has a taper that is greater than one of the strand shrinkage adapted taper, namely the taper is about 2 to 2.5% / m mold length 9. Der The central region 6 is flat and the taper of the central region 6 is above that entire length 9 of the side wall 1 kept constant.

Die Seitenbereiche 11 sind, wie insbesondere aus Fig. 3 ersichtlich ist, konvex zum Kokillenhohlraum 3 gewölbt und schließen an den Mittelbereich 6 am Übergang 12 tangential an, so daß am Übergang 12 kein Knick in der Seitenwand 1 vorhanden ist. Die konvexe Wölbung der Seitenbereiche 11 nimmt zu den Eckbereichen 13 des Kokillenhohlraumes 3 hin zu. d.h. weist eine zunehmende Krümmung auf. Zwecks einfacher Herstellung wird diese zunehmende Krümmung - bei Betrachtung des Querschnittes der Seitenwand 1 - durch aneinander anschließende Kreisbögen mit unterschiedlichen Radien R1 und R2 verwirklicht, wobei ein Bereich mit einem sehr großen Radius R1 an den Mittelbereich 6 anschließt, und an diesen Bereich ein Bereich mit einem kleineren Radius R2 anschließt. Die Konizität der Seitenbereiche 11 ist geringer als die Konizität des Mittelbereichs. Sie ist zweckmäßig geringer als eine der Strangschrumpfung angepaßte Konizität: sie liegt vorteilhaft zwischen einem Minimum von 0 %/ m Kokillenlänge und 1.5 %/m Kokillenlänge.The side areas 11, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, are convexly curved to the mold cavity 3 and connect tangentially to the central area 6 at the transition 12, so that there is no kink in the side wall 1 at the transition 12. The convex curvature of the side regions 11 increases towards the corner regions 13 of the mold cavity 3. ie has an increasing curvature. For the purpose of simple production, this increasing curvature - when considering the cross section of the side wall 1 - is realized by circular arcs with different radii R 1 and R 2 , an area with a very large radius R 1 adjoining the central area 6 and this area an area with a smaller radius R 2 connects. The taper of the side areas 11 is less than the taper of the central area. It is expediently less than a taper adapted to the strand shrinkage: it is advantageously between a minimum of 0% / m mold length and 1.5% / m mold length.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform beträgt bei einer minimalen Konizität von 0 %/m Kokillenlänge der Seitenwandteile 11 das Maß der Einziehung 14 der Eckbereiche 13 gegenüber dem Mittelteil 9 am unteren Ende 5 der Kokille 2 bei einer Kokillenseitenbreite 10 von 160 mm und einer Kokillenlänge von 800 mm etwa 1 mm, wobei die Konizität des Mittelbereiches 2.5 %/m Kokillenlänge beträgt.According to a preferred embodiment, with a minimum taper of 0% / m Mold length of the side wall parts 11 is the extent of the indentation 14 of the corner regions 13 opposite the middle part 9 at the lower end 5 of the mold 2 with a mold side width 10 of 160 mm and a mold length of 800 mm about 1 mm, the taper of the Middle range is 2.5% / m mold length.

In Fig. 2 sind Kontouren A, B, C der Seitenwände 1 eingezeichnet, die am Kokilleneingießbereich 4, am Beginn der Seitenbereiche 11 und am Ende 5 der Stranggießkokille 2 vorhanden sind.In Fig. 2 contours A, B, C of the side walls 1 are shown, which on Chill casting area 4, at the beginning of the side areas 11 and at the end 5 of the Continuous casting mold 2 are available.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann der Mittelbereich 6 der Seitenwand 1 über den Bereich 8 der Kokille, über den er sich über die gesamte Breite 10 der Seitenwand 1 erstreckt, eine höhere Konizität aufweisen als über seinen restlichen Längsbereich.According to a preferred embodiment, the central region 6 of the side wall 1 can over the area 8 of the mold over which it extends over the entire width 10 of the side wall 1 extends, have a higher conicity than over its remaining longitudinal region.

In den Kantenbereichen des Stranges spielt sich bei Stranggießkokillen üblicher Bauart folgendes ab (vgl. Fig. 4):Continuous casting molds of the usual type play in the edge areas of the strand the following (see Fig. 4):

Geht der Kontakt zwischen der Strangschale 15 und den Seitenwänden 1' der Stranggießkokille 2' verloren, so fehlt dort der Beitrag der Wärmeleitung am Wärmeübertrag. Is the contact between the strand shell 15 and the side walls 1 'of Continuous casting mold 2 'lost, there is no contribution of heat conduction to the heat transfer.

Übrig bleibt nur noch der Wärmeaustausch durch Strahlung. Die Folge ist ein sofortiges Zurückbleiben des Schalenwachstums gegenüber benachbarten, an den Seitenwänden 1 der Stranggießkokille 2 anliegeneneden Strangzonen. Es bilden sich Schwachstellenzonen 16 mit geringerer Schalendicke 17 aus, und zwar jeweils knapp benachbart zu den Kanten 18 des Stranges. Direkt an den Kanten 18 selbst kompensiert die zweidimensionale Strahlungswärmabfuhr den Wegfall der Wärmeleitung. Das örtliche Zurückbleiben des Wachstums bewirkt eine inhomogene und somit spannungsreichere und rißempfindlicherere Strangschale 15; die örtlichen Schwachstellen 16 bilden ein Durchbruchsrisiko.The only thing left is heat exchange through radiation. The consequence is an immediate one Remaining of the shell growth compared to neighboring, on the side walls 1 of the Continuous casting mold 2 adjacent strand zones. Vulnerability zones 16 are also formed lower shell thickness 17, and in each case just adjacent to the edges 18 of the Stranges. The two-dimensional compensates itself directly at the edges 18 Radiant heat dissipation eliminates heat conduction. The local lag of the Growth causes an inhomogeneous and thus more tension-sensitive and crack-sensitive Strand shell 15; the local weak points 16 form a breakthrough risk.

Nachfolgend ist der Effekt der erfindungsgemäßen Stranggießkokille 2 erläutert:The effect of the continuous casting mold 2 according to the invention is explained below:

Durch die übertriebene Konizität des Mittelbereichs 6 wird ein sicheres Anliegen der Strangschale 15 bewirkt. Die Schale 15 des Stranges ist gerade im Mittelbereich membranartig weich, und sie kann sich daher ohne weiteres an die im Mittelbereich 6 der Seitenwände 1 vorhandene übertriebene Konizität anpassen.Due to the exaggerated taper of the central region 6, a secure concern of the Strand shell 15 causes. The shell 15 of the strand is membrane-like, particularly in the central region soft, and it can therefore easily adapt to the central region 6 of the side walls 1 adjust existing excessive taper.

Erfindungsgemäß wird gerade in den Bereichen, in denen sich die Schwachstellenzonen 16 ausbilden, ein Anliegen der Strangschale 15 an den Seitenwänden 1 der Stranggießkokille 2 bewirkt, und zwar an den Seitenbereichen 11 der Seitenwände 1, ohne jedoch direkt in den Eckbereichen 13 einen Kontaktdruck zwischen Stranggießkokille 2 und Strangschale 15 hervorzurufen. Die geringere Konizität der Seitenbereiche 11 bewirkt in Kombination mit der übertriebenen Konizitat der Mittelbereiche 6 genau in diesem beim Gießen mit herkömmlichen Kokillen gefährdeten Übegangsbereich eine sichere Abstützung und dadurch einen guten Kontakt und somit einen Wärmeübergang durch Wärmeleitung.According to the invention, it is precisely in the areas in which the vulnerability zones 16 form, an abutment of the continuous shell 15 on the side walls 1 of the continuous casting mold 2 causes, namely on the side regions 11 of the side walls 1, but without directly in the Corner areas 13 a contact pressure between the continuous casting mold 2 and the continuous shell 15 to evoke. The lower taper of the side areas 11 in combination with the Exaggerated conicity of the central areas 6 in this when casting with conventional A safe support and therefore a good support for the transition area at risk Contact and thus heat transfer through heat conduction.

Die erfindungsgemäße Stranggießkokille ist weitgehendst unsensibel hinsichtlich einer Veränderung der Gießparameter. Sie stellt ein gleichmäßiges Schalenwachstum sicher und gestattet eine Freistellung der Kantenbereiche 19 des Stranges, in denen trotzdem keine Schalenschwachstellen auftreten. Hierdurch sind Reibungskräfte zwischen Strangschale 15 und Seitenwänden 1 der Stranggießkokille 2 und somit auch die Schalenbelastung des Stranges minimiert. Zusätzlich ergibt sich hierdurch auch ein sehr geringer Kokillenverschleiß.The continuous casting mold according to the invention is largely insensitive to one Change the casting parameters. It ensures an even shell growth and allows an exemption of the edge regions 19 of the strand, in which none Shell weaknesses occur. As a result, there are frictional forces between strand shell 15 and side walls 1 of the continuous casting mold 2 and thus also the shell loading of the strand minimized. In addition, this also results in very little mold wear.

Bei Stranggießkokillen, die einen längeren Kontakt zwischen Strangschale 15 und Seitenwand 1 in den Eckbereichen 13 herbeiführen, ergeben sich in den Eckbereichen 13 der Stranggießkokille - vor allem in der zweiten Hälfte der Stranggießkokille - bei wechselnden Gießparametern (speziell bei langsamen Gießgeschwindigkeiten) hohe Anliegedruckspitzen, Schalennormalspannungen und Reibungskräfte. Dies wird erfindungsgemäß vermieden, da in den Kantenbereichen 19 eine geringere bzw. überhaupt keine Konizität mehr vorhanden ist. Die Strangschale 15 erhält damit in diesen Kantenbereichen 18 ab der Kontour B sozusagen einen Freiheitsgrad und läßt keine hohen Druckspitzen entstehen, so daß auch die Auszugskräfte zum Ausziehen des Stranges aus der Stranggießkokille nicht erhöht sind.In the case of continuous casting molds which have a longer contact between the continuous shell 15 and the side wall 1 in the corner areas 13 result in the corner areas 13 of Continuous casting mold - especially in the second half of the continuous casting mold - with changing Casting parameters (especially at slow casting speeds) high contact pressure peaks, Shell normal stresses and frictional forces. This is avoided according to the invention since in there is less or no taper at all in the edge regions 19. The strand shell 15 thus receives, as it were, in these edge regions 18 from the contour B. a degree of freedom and no high pressure peaks arise, so that the Extraction forces for pulling the strand out of the continuous casting mold are not increased.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das in der Zeichnung dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt, sondern sie kann in verschiedener Hinsicht modifiziert werden Beispielsweise ist es möglich, die Stranggießkokille 2 für unterschiedliche Strangquerschnitte zu gestalten, also auch für Bloomquerschnitte oder Brammenquerschnitte. Weiteres kann die Stranggießkokille 2 sowohl als Rohrkokille als auch als Plattenkokille ausgebildet sein. Ihr Einsatz ist nicht auf das Vertikal gießen beschrankt. Der Kokillenhohlraum kann auch eine gekrümmte Mittelachse aufweisen.The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing, but it can be modified in various ways. For example, it is possible to design the continuous casting mold 2 for different strand cross-sections, also for Bloom cross sections or slab cross sections. Further, the continuous casting mold 2 can both be designed as a tubular mold as well as a plate mold. Your bet is not on that Limited vertical pouring. The mold cavity can also have a curved central axis exhibit.

Claims (14)

  1. Continuous casting mold (2) for casting a strand of polygonal cross section, comprising side walls (1) delimiting a mold cavity (3) of polygonal cross section, wherein side walls (1) have a center region (6) extending in the casting direction and exhibiting a first taper and side regions (11) laterally adjoining the center region (6) and exhibiting a taper that is less than the first taper, characterized in that the center region (6) has a taper in excess of a taper adjusted to strand shrinkage and that the width of the side regions (11) is designed such as to increase progressively in the casting direction up to the end (5) of the continuous casting mold (2).
  2. Continuous casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the center region (6) extends from the end (5) of the continuous casting mold (2) at least into the meniscus region (4, 8).
  3. Continuous casting mold according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the center region (6) is formed by a flat surface.
  4. Continuous casting mold according to one or several of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the center region (6) has a constant taper throughout its length (9).
  5. Continuous casting mold according to one or several of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the center region (6) has a taper in the region of 1.5 to 2.5 %/m mold length, preferably in the region of 2 to 2.5 %/m mold length.
  6. Continuous casting mold according to one or several of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the side regions (11) from the end (5) of the continuous casting mold (2) extend to a point below the meniscus region (4, 8) but into the upper half of the mold.
  7. Continuous casting mold according to one or several of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the side regions (11) are constructed so as to be convexly curved in their cross section.
  8. Continuous casting mold according to claim 7, characterized in that at the transition (12) of the side regions (11) into the center region (6) the side regions (11) and the center region (6) exhibit a common tangential area.
  9. Continuous casting mold according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that departing from the transition (12) to the center region (6) up to the corner region (13) the convexly curved cross section of the side regions (11) shows a increasing curvature.
  10. Continuous casting mold according to claim 9, characterized in that the convexly curved cross section of the side regions (11) is formed by circular lines having two different radii (R1, R2) and exhibiting a tangential transition.
  11. Continuous casting mold according to one or several of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the taper of the side regions (11) is less than a taper adjusted to the strand shrinkage and in the corner regions (13) of the mold cavity (3) amounts to a maximum of 1.5 to 2.0 %/m mold length.
  12. Continuous casting mold according to one or several of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the taper of the side regions (11) amounts to a minimum of 0 %/m mold length.
  13. Continuous casting mold according to one or several of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the transitions from the center region (6) to the side regions (11) each depart from corner regions (13) of adjoining side faces (1) of the continuous casting mold (2) and - viewed in the casting direction - approach the symmetrical center line (7) of a side wall (1) in a curved manner.
  14. Continuous casting mold according to claim 13, characterized in that the curved transitions (12) exhibit a curvature that increases toward the end (5) of the continuous casting mold (2).
EP96909916A 1995-04-18 1996-04-15 Continuous casting mould Expired - Lifetime EP0766608B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0066395A AT404235B (en) 1995-04-18 1995-04-18 CONTINUOUS CHOCOLATE
AT66395 1995-04-18
AT663/95 1995-04-18
PCT/AT1996/000072 WO1996033034A1 (en) 1995-04-18 1996-04-15 Continuous casting chill

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EP0766608A1 EP0766608A1 (en) 1997-04-09
EP0766608B1 true EP0766608B1 (en) 1999-11-03

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KR (1) KR100236317B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1081498C (en)
AT (2) AT404235B (en)
DE (1) DE59603553D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1996033034A1 (en)

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PT931608E (en) * 1997-12-24 2003-01-31 Europa Metalli Spa CONTINUOUS LEAKING MOLD
CH693130A5 (en) * 1998-05-18 2003-03-14 Concast Standard Ag Mold for the continuous casting of substantially polygonal strands.
AT407351B (en) 1998-12-23 2001-02-26 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen CONTINUOUS CHOCOLATE
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DE102012207786A1 (en) 2012-05-10 2013-11-14 Sms Siemag Ag Continuous casting mold comprises number of mold walls, which form casting surface with their inner sides, where inner side is provided with a profile, such that the inner side has non-planar shape and central region adjoining side region
DE102017130930A1 (en) * 2017-12-21 2019-06-27 Inteco Melting And Casting Technologies Gmbh Method and apparatus for continuous casting of metal
KR102074364B1 (en) * 2018-05-14 2020-02-06 주식회사 포스코 Mold
CN113399637A (en) * 2021-06-24 2021-09-17 重庆钢铁股份有限公司 Process for preventing crack bleed-out in Q195 steel square billet continuous casting pouring process
CN113857444A (en) * 2021-10-10 2021-12-31 秦皇岛瀚丰长白结晶器有限责任公司 High-pulling-speed crystallizer suitable for producing plain carbon steel
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EP0766608A1 (en) 1997-04-09
DE59603553D1 (en) 1999-12-09
AT404235B (en) 1998-09-25
ATA66395A (en) 1998-02-15
KR100236317B1 (en) 1999-12-15
KR970703827A (en) 1997-08-09
US5799719A (en) 1998-09-01
ATE186245T1 (en) 1999-11-15
CN1150769A (en) 1997-05-28
CN1081498C (en) 2002-03-27
WO1996033034A1 (en) 1996-10-24

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