EP0758374A1 - Granules de tensioactif heterogenes - Google Patents

Granules de tensioactif heterogenes

Info

Publication number
EP0758374A1
EP0758374A1 EP95918598A EP95918598A EP0758374A1 EP 0758374 A1 EP0758374 A1 EP 0758374A1 EP 95918598 A EP95918598 A EP 95918598A EP 95918598 A EP95918598 A EP 95918598A EP 0758374 A1 EP0758374 A1 EP 0758374A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alkyl
formula
weight
sulfates
carbon atoms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95918598A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0758374B1 (fr
Inventor
Ditmar Kischkel
Karl Schmid
Andreas Syldath
Thomas Krohnen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF Personal Care and Nutrition GmbH
Original Assignee
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel AG and Co KGaA filed Critical Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Publication of EP0758374A1 publication Critical patent/EP0758374A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0758374B1 publication Critical patent/EP0758374B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
    • C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/37—Mixtures of compounds all of which are anionic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents ; Methods for using cleaning compositions
    • C11D11/0082—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents ; Methods for using cleaning compositions one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0039—Coated compositions or coated components in the compositions, (micro)capsules
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to heterogeneous surfactant granules with an inner grain consisting of longer-chain alkyl sulfates or their mixtures with shorter-chain homologs or alkyl ether sulfates and a coating of shorter-chain alkyl sulfates.
  • Another object of the invention is directed to a method for producing the heterogeneous surfactant granules.
  • Anionic surfactants especially alkyl sulfates or fatty alcohol sulfates, are important components of detergents, dishwashing detergents and cleaning agents.
  • anionic surfactants behave conventionally , ie their solubility increases more or less linearly with temperature until the solubility product is reached.
  • anionic surfactants that have sufficient solubility, especially in cold water.
  • the best-known hydrotropes undoubtedly include the short-chain alkylarylsulfonates, such as, for example, toluene, xylene or cumene sulfonate. They are suitable, for example, as solubilizers for anionic and nonionic surfactants in the production of liquid detergents.
  • solubilizers for anionic and nonionic surfactants in the production of liquid detergents The improved solubility is probably due to advantageous mixed micelle formation.
  • solubility in cold water in particular of fatty alcohol sulfates
  • hydrotrope surfactants with high HLB values, for example highly ethoxylated polyglycol ethers (tallow alcohol 40 EO adduct) or the like.
  • HLB values for example highly ethoxylated polyglycol ethers (tallow alcohol 40 EO adduct) or the like.
  • German patent application DE-Al 4030688 (Henkel). It is proposed here to dry aqueous surfactant pastes using hot steam. Condensation of the superheated steam on the cooler feed and release of the heat of condensation to the material to be dried results in the surfactant droplets heating up spontaneously to the boiling point of the water. As a result, a multitude of fine channels form in the tenside grain when the water escapes. The resulting high internal surface area - for example compared to conventional spray-dried products - leads to a significantly improved dissolution rate. Nevertheless, there is the disadvantage that the method described is associated with a high level of technical complexity.
  • solid detergents with high apparent density and improved solubility are obtained by adding mixtures of anionic and nonionic surfactants to polyethylene glycol ethers with a molecular weight in the range from 200 to 12,000, preferably 200 to 600, and then drying and / or in solid form.
  • a detergent preparation containing C 12/18 fatty alcohol sulfate is
  • spray-dried detergent compositions are disclosed in general form which, in addition to anionic surfactants, contain nonionic surfactants, polyacrylates and polyethylene glycol ethers with an average molecular weight in the range from 1,000 to 20,000.
  • the teaching of this document is that the dispersibility of anionic surfactants can be improved by adding nonionic surfactants, polyethylene glycol ethers and polyacrylates to them.
  • DE-OS 2124526 relates to detergent and cleaning agent mixtures with controlled foam behavior. According to Example 6, compositions are disclosed which contain tallow alcohol sulfate, alkylbenzenesulfonate and polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of approximately 20,000.
  • solid detergents are known from international patent application WO 92/09676 (Henkel), which are obtained by treating aqueous alkyl sulfate pastes with soda and zeolites and then extruding them. The document does not reveal anything about the dissolution rate of the solids.
  • the object of the invention was to provide new forms of alkyl sulfate, which are light-colored even after mechanical compression and show improved solubility in cold water.
  • the invention relates to heterogeneous surfactant granules consisting of an inner grain containing a) alkyl sulfates of the formula (I)
  • R 1 is an alkyl radical having 16 to 18 carbon atoms and X is an alkali or alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium or glucammonium, and b1) alkyl sulfates of the formula (II),
  • the new teaching now consists in the surprising finding that a structured, ie heterogeneous, alkyl sulfate grain with further improved solubility can be obtained by granulating with an inner grain which contains the longer-chain alkyl sulfate, optionally in admixture with shorter-chain homologues or selected alkyl ether sulfates coated with a short-chain alkyl sulfate of a defined layer thickness.
  • the invention further relates to a process for the preparation of heterogeneous surfactant granules, in which a dry anionic surfactant powder containing a) 30 to 100, preferably 70 to 90,% by weight of alkyl sulfates of the formula (I)
  • R 1 O-SO 3 X in which R 1 represents an alkyl radical having 16 to 18 carbon atoms and X represents an alkali or alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium or glucammonium, and bl) 0 to 70, preferably 10 to 30% by weight of alkyl sulfates of the formula (II),
  • Alkyl sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates are to be understood as meaning the sulfation products of primary alcohols or their ethylene oxide adducts.
  • alkyl sulfates with 16 to 18 carbon atoms, which have particularly advantageous washing properties, are suitable as component a).
  • Typical examples of this are cetyl sulfate and steryl sulfate and preferably tallow alkyl sulfate or technical mixtures of comparable composition.
  • component a) can make up 100% by weight of the inner grain.
  • a mixture is preferably used which, in addition to component a), either has shorter-chain alkyl sulfates with 12 to 14 carbon atoms (component b1) and / or alkyl ether sulfates with 16 to 18 carbon atoms and 1 to 3, preferably about 2, ethylene oxide units (component b2).
  • the weight ratio between components a) and b) is usually in the range from 70:30 to 98: 2 and is preferably 80:20 to 90:10.
  • the coating of the inner grain again consists of shorter-chain alkyl sulfates with 12 to 14 carbon atoms.
  • Typical examples are lauryl sulfate, myristyl sulfate or technical mixtures based, for example, on a coconut fatty alcohol cut.
  • the granulation is carried out in such a way that a coating with a layer thickness corresponding to 0.5 to 10, preferably 1 to 5 and in particular 1.5 to 2% by weight, based on the granulate, results.
  • alkyl sulfates of component a) and in particular of component b1) are used which have a degree of sulfonation of 60 to 80 and preferably of about 70% by weight and thus still contain a noticeable proportion of unsulfated starting materials.
  • the invention includes the knowledge that such undersulfurized alkyl sulfates as coatings for the inner surfactant grain lead to a particularly light color.
  • the substances that make up component a), ie the inner grain, alone or as a mixture, are used as dry powders.
  • a dry tallow alkyl sulfate powder for example, an aqueous sulfuric acid half ester of a corresponding tallow alcohol can be subjected to spray neutralization following sulfation. It is also possible to dry a neutralized aqueous paste in a conventional spray tower or using superheated steam (cf. DE-Al 4124701, Henkel). If a mixture of the C 16/18 alkyl sulfates with the If components b1) and / or b2) are desired, these can be prepared either mechanically by mixing the ingredients or by cosulfating the corresponding hydroxyl compounds.
  • the sulfates are usually present as alkali metal salts and preferably as sodium salts.
  • the granulation can be carried out continuously or batchwise in a conventional manner in a mixer with a drying device such as, for example, a Lödige mixer, Drais mixer, Schugi mixer or Fukai mixer or else a fluidized bed.
  • a drying device such as, for example, a Lödige mixer, Drais mixer, Schugi mixer or Fukai mixer or else a fluidized bed.
  • the heterogeneous surfactant granulate is produced by coating a C 16/18 tallow alkyl sulfate powder with C 12/14 coconut alkyl sulfate using water as the granulating liquid.
  • tallow alkyl sulfate powder or a powdery mixture of tallow alkyl sulfate and lauryl sulfate or tallow alkyl 2EO sulfate (weight ratio 90:10) is coated with a 35 or 65% strength by weight aqueous paste of lauryl sulfate.
  • the surfactant granules according to the invention have rapid solubility in both cold and warm water and improved washing-up behavior in the washing machine. Another advantage is that in the course of their mechanical compression there is no adverse effect on their color quality.
  • the surfactant granules according to the invention can be mixed with other detergent constituents or can also be agglomerated or extruded and are accordingly suitable as raw materials for the production of solid detergents.
  • Example 2 An acidic sulfuric acid half ester based on C 16/18 tallow alcohol and C 12/14 coconut fatty alcohol (weight ratio 90:10) was subjected to spray neutralization. The dried powdered C 12/18 fatty alkanol sulfate sodium salt was then processed with the addition of water in a Lödige mixer to form a granulate.
  • Example 2 An acidic sulfuric acid half ester based on C 16/18 tallow alcohol and C 12/14 coconut fatty alcohol (weight ratio 90:10) was subjected to spray neutralization. The dried powdered C 12/18 fatty alkanol sulfate sodium salt was then processed with the addition of water in a Lödige mixer to form a granulate.
  • Example 2 An acidic sulfuric acid half ester based on C 16/18 tallow alcohol and C 12/14 coconut fatty alcohol (weight ratio 90:10) was subjected to spray neutralization. The dried powdered C 12/18 fatty alkanol sulfate sodium salt was then processed with
  • Comparative example V1 was repeated. Instead of water, an aqueous paste of lauryl sulfate sodium salt with a solids content of 35% by weight (Texapon (R) LS35, Henkel KGaA, Duesseldorf / FRG) was used. The weight ratio between the inner grain and the coating was 1.5% by weight, based on the solids content of the granulating liquid.
  • Texapon (R) LS35 Henkel KGaA, Duesseldorf / FRG
  • Comparative example V1 was repeated. Instead of water, an aqueous paste of lauryl sulfate sodium salt with a solids content of 35% by weight (Texapon (R) LS35, Henkel KGaA, Duesseldorf / FRG) was used. The weight ratio between the inner grain and the coating was 2.5% by weight, based on the solids content of the granulating liquid.
  • Texapon (R) LS35 Henkel KGaA, Duesseldorf / FRG
  • Comparative example V1 was repeated. Instead of water, an aqueous paste of lauryl sulfate sodium salt with a solids content of 65% by weight (Texapon (R) LS65, Henkel KGaA, Düsseldorf / FRG) was used. The weight ratio between the inner grain and the coating was 1.5% by weight, based on the solids content of the granulating liquid.
  • Example 5
  • aqueous paste of C 16/18 tallow alkyl sulfate sodium salt with a solids content of about 50% by weight was subjected to conventional spray drying.
  • the water-free powder was mixed in a weight ratio of 90:10 with a spray-neutralized powder of C 12/14 coconut alkyl sulfate sodium salt and then with the addition of an aqueous paste of lauryl sulfate sodium salt with a solids content of 35% by weight (Texapon (R) LS35, Henkel KGaA, Düsseldorf / FRG) granulated in a Lödige mixer.
  • the weight ratio between the inner grain and the coating was 1.5% by weight, based on the solids content of the granulating liquid.
  • Example 5 was repeated, but instead of the coconut alkyl sulfate, C 16/18 tallow alcohol 2EO sulfate sodium salt was used.
  • a jump-dried mixed powder consisting of C 16/18 tallow alkyl sulfate, C 12/14 coconut alkyl sulfate and C 16/18 tallow alcohol 1EO sulfate (in each case in the form of the sodium salts, weight ratio 35:25:40) was added to a Lödige mixer Granulated addition of an aqueous paste of lauryl sulfate sodium salt with a solids content of 35% by weight. The weight ratio between the inner grain and the coating was 2% by weight, based on the solids content of the granulating liquid.
  • Example 8 Example 8:
  • Example 5 was repeated, but steam-dried material was used instead of the spray-dried tallow alkyl sulfate.
  • the particle size of all the granules examined was at least 90% by weight in the range from 0.2 to 1.4 mm.
  • Example 5 was repeated, but granules of different particle size distribution were produced by varying the mixer speed, mass flow and mixing time. The results are summarized in Table 2:

Abstract

L'invention concerne des granulés de tensioactif hétérogènes présentant une solubilité améliorée et constitués d'un noyau contenant: a) des sulphates d'alkyle C16-C18 et b1) des sulphates d'alykle C12-C14 et/ou des sulphates d'éther d'alkyle C16-C18, ainsi que d'un enrobage constitué de sulphates d'alkyle de la formule (II). Le rapport de poids du composant a) au composant b) du noyau est compris entre 100:0 et 30:70, et le rapport de poids du noyau au revêtement est compris entre 99,5:0,5 et 90:10.
EP95918598A 1994-05-02 1995-04-24 Granules de tensioactif heterogenes Expired - Lifetime EP0758374B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4415369A DE4415369C1 (de) 1994-05-02 1994-05-02 Heterogene Tensidgranulate
DE4415369 1994-05-02
PCT/EP1995/001544 WO1995029981A1 (fr) 1994-05-02 1995-04-24 Granules de tensioactif heterogenes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0758374A1 true EP0758374A1 (fr) 1997-02-19
EP0758374B1 EP0758374B1 (fr) 1999-08-11

Family

ID=6517038

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95918598A Expired - Lifetime EP0758374B1 (fr) 1994-05-02 1995-04-24 Granules de tensioactif heterogenes

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5824633A (fr)
EP (1) EP0758374B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4415369C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2136851T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995029981A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4432365A1 (de) * 1994-09-12 1996-03-14 Henkel Kgaa Wasserfreie Tensidgemische
US6174849B1 (en) * 1996-10-30 2001-01-16 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Water-free surfactant mixtures containing alcohol sulfates
DE19648014C2 (de) * 1996-11-20 2002-09-19 Cognis Deutschland Gmbh Wasserfreie Tensidgemische
DE19820943A1 (de) 1998-05-11 1999-11-18 Henkel Kgaa Alkylsulfat-Granulate
DE19941934A1 (de) * 1999-09-03 2001-03-15 Cognis Deutschland Gmbh Detergentien in fester Form
DE10120263A1 (de) * 2001-04-25 2002-10-31 Cognis Deutschland Gmbh Feste Tensidzusammensetzungen, deren Herstellung und Verwendung
EP1788071B1 (fr) * 2004-08-06 2013-06-12 Kao Corporation Procede pour la production de particules de detergents a noyau unique

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US4657784A (en) * 1986-03-10 1987-04-14 Ecolab Inc. Process for encapsulating particles with at least two coating layers having different melting points
GB8625104D0 (en) * 1986-10-20 1986-11-26 Unilever Plc Detergent compositions
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DE4038476A1 (de) * 1990-12-03 1992-06-04 Henkel Kgaa Feste waschmittel
DE4124701A1 (de) * 1991-07-25 1993-01-28 Henkel Kgaa Verfahren zur herstellung fester wasch- und reinigungsmittel mit hohem schuettgewicht und verbesserter loesegeschwindigkeit
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DE4242185A1 (de) * 1992-12-15 1994-06-16 Henkel Kgaa Granulare Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel mit hohem Tensidgehalt
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Title
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5824633A (en) 1998-10-20
ES2136851T3 (es) 1999-12-01
DE4415369C1 (de) 1995-08-31
DE59506594D1 (de) 1999-09-16
WO1995029981A1 (fr) 1995-11-09
EP0758374B1 (fr) 1999-08-11

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