EP0756544A1 - Groupe imprimant thermoelectrique pour le transfert d'une encre sur un support d'impression - Google Patents

Groupe imprimant thermoelectrique pour le transfert d'une encre sur un support d'impression

Info

Publication number
EP0756544A1
EP0756544A1 EP95901343A EP95901343A EP0756544A1 EP 0756544 A1 EP0756544 A1 EP 0756544A1 EP 95901343 A EP95901343 A EP 95901343A EP 95901343 A EP95901343 A EP 95901343A EP 0756544 A1 EP0756544 A1 EP 0756544A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
printing
thermoelectric
ink
drum
printing drum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95901343A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0756544B1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Wiedemer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Canon Production Printing Germany GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Oce Printing Systems GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oce Printing Systems GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Oce Printing Systems GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0756544A1 publication Critical patent/EP0756544A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0756544B1 publication Critical patent/EP0756544B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C1/00—Forme preparation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/135—Nozzles
    • B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
    • B41J2/14016—Structure of bubble jet print heads
    • B41J2/14161—Structure having belt or drum with holes filled with ink

Definitions

  • Thermoelectric printing unit for transferring an ink to a recording medium
  • thermoelectric printing unit for transferring an ink to a recording medium.
  • thermoelectric printing units are known:
  • thermosensitive paper is printed with a heatable print head by heating selected areas of the paper by discoloring the heated areas.
  • an ink-containing wax layer on a carrier film is partially melted with the help of heatable printing elements and transferred to paper.
  • ink is sprayed from a nozzle onto a recording medium.
  • the nozzles have a heating device which can be activated individually for each nozzle.
  • the ink contained in the nozzle is heated by the heating device, whereby a gas bubble is created which drives the ink out of the nozzle.
  • a liquid that contains color pigments serves as the ink. Furthermore, it is heat-resistant up to approx. 350 ° C, is non-toxic - e.g. water-based - and does not cause any deposits in the nozzles.
  • the nozzles are usually located in a print head.
  • the printhead has an ink supply from which the nozzles are supplied with ink by capillary forces.
  • the maximum spray frequency of such ink printing units with a thermoelectric converter (bubble jet) is limited to approximately 4 kHz.
  • the ink needs 250 ⁇ s and more until the ink sucked up by capillary forces for the next spraying course is available.
  • the activation time for the heating element in the nozzle of approx. 5 to 10 ⁇ s and the time until the formation of drops of approx. 50 ⁇ s is relatively short. In principle, the spray frequency cannot be increased significantly.
  • a cylindrical printing roller is known from US Pat. No. 4,785,311, the jacket of which has a plurality of passage openings arranged in a matrix for a highly viscous ink.
  • the ink is stored inside the platen.
  • Each passage opening is assigned a selectively controllable heating element, with the aid of which a flow of the ink through the passage opening can be released. Due to the force of gravity, the released ink flows directly onto a recording medium which is in contact with the corresponding surface of the printing roller located in the region of the released passage opening.
  • the printing speed can be increased with the known printing roller. Due to the principle-related direct contact of the printing roller with the recording medium, there is a risk that the passage openings will become dirty and, as a result, the quality of the printed image will be reduced. In addition, due to the direct contact between the printing roller and the recording medium, it is absolutely necessary to arrange the passage openings as an endless matrix on the printing roller in accordance with the resolution of the print image. The fineness of the print image resolution is thereby limited, since a large number of passage openings have to be electrically coupled to a control unit and the coupling paths cannot be reduced as desired. Because the ink is stored in the printing roller, it is extremely difficult to change the printing ink using the same printing roller.
  • the present invention has for its object to show a thermoelectric printing unit for transferring an ink to a recording medium, which allows the Condition printing speed without loss of print image resolution, print image quality and maintainability of the thermoelectric printing unit.
  • the matrix lines of printing elements arranged on the printing drum with the heating elements located therein and the line paths required for the energy supply can be produced with the aid of manufacturing techniques which are known from semiconductor technology.
  • the inking station has a distributor roller, the surface of which rolls tangentially on the surface of the printing drum.
  • the distributor roller is partially immersed in a trough which extends along the distributor roller and is filled with ink. The ink can thereby over the entire longitudinal extent the printing drum is fed evenly dosed to the printing drum and filled into the printing elements.
  • the roll-off area of the distributor roller on the printing drum in the direction of movement of the printing drum is followed by a scraper bar which extends along the surface of the printing drum and strips excess ink off the surface. This returns excess ink to the inking station.
  • the surface of the printing drum is cleaned of any ink residue.
  • the cleaning effect is supported by the embodiment of the invention, according to which the outer surface of the printing drum is formed by a hydrophobic and / or oliophobic protective layer. Whether the hydrophobic and / or the oliophobic protective layer is selected depends on the ink used.
  • the printing drum can be freed of adhering ink or dirt during longer printing breaks or in possibly required cleaning intervals.
  • the record carrier is designed as an intermediate carrier that rolls on a printing material in the area of a counterpressure device, as a result of which the printed image can be transferred to the printing material.
  • a direct influence of the printing material, for example paper, on the printing drum can be prevented by the intermediate carrier.
  • the reliability of the • printing unit and the quality of the printed image can be increased further as a result.
  • the service life of the pressure drum can also be increased.
  • the intermediate carrier is preferably made of an elastic material, for example rubber or silicone. As a result, it can have a rough surface or uneven shapes, e.g. Adjust label printing, of a substrate. During the transfer printing process from the printing drum to the intermediate carrier there is nevertheless a uniform distance between their surfaces, as a result of which blurring of the printed image is avoided.
  • a plurality of printing drums are assigned to the intermediate carrier.
  • the printing elements of different printing drums can be filled with differently colored inks. This enables multi-color printing. Since the transfer printing on the individual printing drums takes place without contact with the intermediate carrier, color carryover is ruled out.
  • thermoelectric printing unit for transferring an ink to a recording medium with a printing drum and a coloring station for the printing drum
  • FIG. 2 shows a printing drum with an arrangement of printing elements as an endless matrix
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail from the surface of the printing drum according to FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 shows an end view of the printing drum according to FIG. 2 with a control unit for the printing elements
  • FIG. 5 shows a sectional illustration of a pressure element
  • FIG. 6 shows a printing drum with an arrangement of four matrix rows running axially on the printing drum
  • FIG. 7 shows a basic circuit diagram for the control of the heating devices of a column in the different matrix rows according to FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 8 shows an arrangement of individual printing elements of a matrix line according to FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 9 shows a sectional illustration of a pressure element according to FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 10 shows a printing drum with a matrix line running diagonally between the end faces
  • FIG. 11 shows a detail from the surface of the printing drum according to FIG. 10 with individual printing elements
  • FIG. 12 shows a sectional illustration of a pressure element according to FIG. 10,
  • FIG. 13 shows a thermoelectric printing unit with an intermediate carrier between the printing drum and the recording medium
  • FIG. 14 shows a thermoelectric printing unit with a plurality of printing drums assigned to the intermediate carrier.
  • thermoelectric printing unit for transferring an ink 13 to a recording medium 14 contains a circular-cylindrical printing drum 10 which rotates in the direction of rotation 15.
  • the record carrier 14 is guided past the transfer drum at a transfer location 18 in the record carrier transport direction 16 at a distance 17.
  • the recording medium transport direction 16 and the direction of rotation 15 of the printing drum 10 are aligned.
  • a transfer roller 19 is arranged.
  • the axis of symmetry of the transfer roller 19 runs parallel to the axis of rotation of the printing drum 10 and perpendicular to the recording medium transport direction 16.
  • the recording medium 14 is transported between the transfer roller 19 and the printing drum 10.
  • the record carrier 14 rolls tangentially over its entire width on the transfer roller 19.
  • the transfer roller 19 thus ensures a uniform distance 17 between the recording medium and the printing drum 10.
  • the thermoelectric printing unit further contains a inking station 11 which is arranged on the circumference of the printing drum 10.
  • the inking station 11 contains a circular cylindrical distributor roller 12, the surface of which rolls tangentially on the surface of the printing drum 10.
  • the distributor roller 12 is mounted in a trough 20 which extends along the distributor roller 12.
  • the trough 20 is filled with ink 13, so that the distributor roller 12 is partially immersed in the ink 13, for example with half its circumference. When immersed, the distributor roller 12 picks up the ink 13 and transfers the ink 13 adhering to it to the printing drum 10.
  • the distributor roller 12 contains porous material.
  • the roll-off area between the printing drum 10 and the distributor roller 12 is followed in the direction of rotation 15 by a scraper strip 21 which extends along the surface of the printing drum 10 and scrapes off excess ink 13 from the surface thereof.
  • the excess ink 13 is collected by the tub 20 and returned to the ink supply 13 located in the tub 20 by means not shown.
  • the thermoelectric printing unit also contains a cleaning station designed as a cleaning roller 22.
  • the cleaning roller 22 can be pivoted onto the printing drum 10 in such a way that it rolls tangentially over the entire width of the printing drum 10.
  • the surface of the cleaning roller 22 is formed by absorbent material, for example a flow. In the event that the cleaning roller 22 pivots on the printing drum 10, the inking station 11 or its distributor roller 12 is pivoted away from the printing drum 10.
  • a matrix line 33 is composed of a plurality of individual printing elements 30.
  • the pressure elements 30 are formed as depressions in the surface of the printing drum 10, a selectively activatable heating device 31 being located in the depression.
  • a plurality of matrix lines 33 run axially at a uniform distance on the printing drum 10.
  • the line spacings 34 like the column spacings 35, correspond to the resolution of the print image.
  • the arrangement of the printing elements 30 thus corresponds to an endless matrix. With a resolution of 240 dpi (dots per inch), the line spacing is 34 and the column spacing is 35 1/240 inches.
  • the diameter of the depression of a pressure element 30 is approximately 50 ⁇ m.
  • the heating elements 31 contained in the depressions of the pressure elements 30 can be selectively activated by a network of column and row lines 42, 43. For this purpose, the column and row lines 42, 43 are coupled to a control unit 40.
  • control unit 40 is arranged on the end of the printing drum 10.
  • the control unit 40 is formed by a module that has a plurality of integrated circuits and is mounted on the end face of the printing drum 10.
  • the connections to the column and row lines 42, 43 are produced by bonding or laser beam welding.
  • the arrangement of the control unit 40 on the printing drum 10 ensures that the matrix line 33 with a printing device supplied by the printing or copying device is always formation is applied, which is located at the transfer location 18.
  • the pressure element 30 is constructed in accordance with FIG. 5.
  • a first layer 24 is applied to a carrier 23, which forms the core of the printing drum 10.
  • Column lines 42 are embedded in this first layer 24.
  • Row lines 43 are embedded in a second layer 25 located above the first layer 24.
  • heating elements 31 are inserted between the column lines 42 and the row lines 43.
  • the second layer 25 has circular-cylindrical penetrations, which form the depressions extending as far as the heating elements 31.
  • a protective layer 26 is provided on the heating element 31, which prevents direct contact between the heating element 31 and ink 13.
  • a third layer 27, which surrounds the second layer 25, forms the outer surface of the printing drum 10.
  • the third layer 27 has funnel-shaped penetrations 36 that are aligned with the depressions of the printing elements 30.
  • the third layer consists of hydrophobic material. This prevents ink 13 from accumulating on the drum surface.
  • the funnel-like penetration 36 favors the filling of the pressure element 30 while avoiding air pockets by the distributor roller 12.
  • the distributor roller 12 is always in contact with the printing drum 10 during the printing operation.
  • the distribution roller 12 feeds ink 13 into the printing elements 30.
  • the ink 13 remains in the printing element 30 up to the transfer location 18 and is driven out of the printing element 30 there depending on the respective printing information.
  • the heating resistors 31 arranged in the intersection of the row and column lines 43, 42 are supplied with current and thus heated. This heat is transferred to the ink 13, forming a vapor bubble.
  • the vapor bubble drives the ink 13 out of the printing element 30.
  • the teardrop-shaped ink 13 strikes the record carrier 14.
  • the ink drops flow there, whereby a closed lettering is obtained despite the non-overlapping geometric arrangement of the printing elements 30.
  • the printing elements 30, from which the ink 13 has been removed in this way, are subsequently filled again with ink 13 in the inking station 11.
  • FIGS. 6 to 9 four matrix lines 33, which run axially on the printing drum 10 between the end faces thereof, are arranged on the printing drum 10.
  • the circumference of the printing drum 10 in this embodiment of the printing drum 10 is divided into four sectors which are insulated from one another. Each sector is built up from the carrier 23, which forms the core of the printing drum 10, in the following manner:
  • An electrically conductive layer 39 is applied to the carrier 23 via insulation 29.
  • Layer 39 serves as row line 43.
  • a layer 38 is arranged on layer 39, which contains a matrix row with printing elements 30 and the associated column lines 42.
  • the individual sectors are electrically insulated from one another by an insulation 28 which is introduced between the sectors.
  • a control unit 40 according to FIG. 4 is arranged on one end of the printing drum 10 and is coupled to the column lines 42 and the line line 43 designed as foil conductor tracks.
  • the control unit 40 has, according to FIG. 7, column switches 41 and a row switch 44.
  • the line switch 44 connects that matrix line 33 to a voltage source 45, which is located in the area of the transfer location 18.
  • the heating element 31 of a pressure element 30 is connected to the voltage source 45 with the column switches 41.
  • the heating element 31 has an electrical resistance of 30 to 100 ohms and is supplied with a voltage between 5 and 40 volts by the voltage source 45.
  • the film 38 is constructed using methods known from printed circuit board technology.
  • the pressure elements 30 are formed by penetrations with funnel-shaped openings, the penetrations being closed by the heating elements 31.
  • the heating element 31 extends to the underside of the film 38 and can thus be contacted directly with the layer 39.
  • the conductor tracks 42 are embedded in the film 38.
  • the immediately adjacent pressure elements 30 are offset along the matrix line and arranged on both sides of a line of symmetry. Since the rotational speed of the printing drum 10 is greater than the conveying speed of the recording medium 14, by means of appropriate control of the printing elements 30, which are located either on one or on the other side of the line of symmetry 46, a positionally accurate transfer of the ink 13 to the Record carrier 14 are guaranteed. The time-shifted control leads to a uniform current load on the voltage source 45.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 A further variant of the arrangement of a matrix line 33 on the printing drum 10 is shown in FIGS. 10 and 11.
  • two matrix lines 33 run diagonally between the end faces of the printing drum 10.
  • the rotation speed of the printing drum 10 is greater than the recording medium speed, and the individual printing elements 30 of the matrix lines are correspondingly controlled so that the ink 13 is transferred to the recording medium 14 in a precise position.
  • the pressure elements 30 are connected to a control unit 40 via column lines 42.
  • a layer 47 containing the heating elements 31 and the column lines 42 is applied to the carrier 23.
  • a layer 48 made of oliophobic material is arranged above it. net, each having penetrations 49 in the area of the heating elements 31.
  • thermoelectric printing unit according to FIG. 1 is expanded by an intermediate carrier 51.
  • the printed image is transferred to this intermediate carrier 51 with the aid of a printing drum 10 configured as described above.
  • the printing drum 10 interacts with an inking station 11, a squeegee 21 and a cleaning station 22.
  • the print image transferred to the intermediate carrier 51 is transferred to the recording medium 14 at a transfer printing point 56.
  • the intermediate carrier 51 is designed as a cylindrical roller with an elastic jacket surface.
  • the record carrier 14 is transported through between a counter-pressure roller 55 and the intermediate carrier roller 51, which roll tangentially on one another.
  • the print image is transferred to the recording medium 14 by direct contact of the intermediate carrier roller 51 with the latter.
  • the elastic surface of the intermediate carrier roller 51 has the effect that a high quality of transfer printing can be achieved even with rough surfaces of the recording medium 14 or with uneven surface shapes of the recording medium, such as in label printing.
  • the use of the intermediate carrier roller 51 protects the printing drum 10 against any contamination which occurs due to the transport of the recording medium 14 in the immediate vicinity of the printing drum 10. Through special spatial separation measures (not shown), such as When the printing drum 10 is installed in an almost completely closed housing, the spatial separation can be achieved.
  • thermoelectric printing unit that is suitable for multi-color printing . shown in Figure 14.
  • the intermediate carrier 50 transports a multicolored printed image applied to the intermediate carrier 50 to a transfer printing location 56, where the The print image according to FIG. 13 can be transferred to the record carrier 14 by the interaction of the intermediate carrier 50 and a counter-pressure roller 55.
  • the intermediate carrier 50 is designed as an intermediate carrier belt that is transported between two deflection rollers 53, 54.
  • Four transfer rollers 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4 are arranged along the intermediate carrier belt 50. With the help of these transfer rollers 10, ink 13 is transferred to the intermediate carrier 50.
  • Each transfer roller 10 is assigned an inking station 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4.
  • Each coloring station 11 is filled with ink 13 of a different color.
  • this ink is stripped from the surface of the printing drum 10.
  • the transfer printing process between the printing drums 10 and the intermediate carrier 50 is controlled in such a way that a complete, colored printed image is present on the intermediate carrier 50 and is transported by this to the transfer printing location 56, where it is transferred to the recording medium 14.
  • Ink residues remaining after the transfer to the recording medium 14 on the intermediate carrier 50 are removed by a cleaning station 52 which is arranged in front of the first printing drum 10.1. Since the transfer printing on the individual printing drums 10 takes place without contact with the intermediate carrier tape 50, there is no fear of ink spreading. A synchronization of the drives of the printing drums 10 is possible without any problems by known mechanical or electronic means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)

Abstract

Un tambour d'impression (10) renferme des éléments d'impression (30) qui sont réalisés en creux dans la surface dudit tambour, ces éléments étant disposés en lignes matricielles. Un tambour d'impression (10) présente plus d'une ligne matricielle (33) d'éléments d'impression (30). Chaque élément d'impression (30) renferme un dispositif de chauffage (31) pouvant être activé sélectivement, capable de chauffer l'encre (13) contenue dans un élément d'impression (30) de telle façon qu'elle soit expulsée, par une bulle de gaz ainsi formée, hors dudit élément (30) en direction d'un support d'impression (14). Les éléments d'impression (30) sont remplis d'encre (13) dans un poste d'encrage (11).
EP95901343A 1994-04-20 1994-11-29 Groupe imprimant thermoelectrique pour le transfert d'une encre sur un support d'impression Expired - Lifetime EP0756544B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4413680 1994-04-20
DE4413680 1994-04-20
PCT/DE1994/001417 WO1995029063A1 (fr) 1994-04-20 1994-11-29 Groupe imprimant thermoelectrique pour le transfert d'une encre sur un support d'impression

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0756544A1 true EP0756544A1 (fr) 1997-02-05
EP0756544B1 EP0756544B1 (fr) 1998-03-18

Family

ID=6515935

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95901343A Expired - Lifetime EP0756544B1 (fr) 1994-04-20 1994-11-29 Groupe imprimant thermoelectrique pour le transfert d'une encre sur un support d'impression

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5760808A (fr)
EP (1) EP0756544B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH09511459A (fr)
DE (1) DE59405497D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995029063A1 (fr)

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WO2001002170A1 (fr) 1999-06-30 2001-01-11 OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH Procede et dispositif d'impression pour imprimer un materiau support et pour nettoyer un cylindre d'impression
WO2001002171A1 (fr) * 1999-06-30 2001-01-11 OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH Procede et dispositif d'impression permettant le transfert de fluide d'impression sur un materiau support et rouleau d'impression associe
DE10244458B4 (de) * 2002-09-24 2007-11-15 OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH Druckwerk und Verfahren zum Übertragen von Tinte auf einen Aufzeichnungsträger unter Anwendung von Funkenentladung

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US6822996B1 (en) * 2002-06-15 2004-11-23 Intel Corporation Mount having high mechanical stiffness and tunable external cavity laser assembly including same
EP1694507A4 (fr) * 2003-07-31 2010-01-06 Nissim Einat Procede et appareil d'impression par jet d'encre
US7052125B2 (en) 2003-08-28 2006-05-30 Lexmark International, Inc. Apparatus and method for ink-jet printing onto an intermediate drum in a helical pattern
US7556339B2 (en) * 2004-02-12 2009-07-07 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Ink jet printing apparatus
US7987784B2 (en) 2006-12-19 2011-08-02 Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated Printing system employing deformable polymer printing plates
US8749603B2 (en) * 2012-06-12 2014-06-10 Xerox Corporation Inkjet printer having an image drum heating and cooling system
EP3911130A1 (fr) * 2020-05-12 2021-11-17 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO Transfert de matériaux visqueux

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001002170A1 (fr) 1999-06-30 2001-01-11 OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH Procede et dispositif d'impression pour imprimer un materiau support et pour nettoyer un cylindre d'impression
WO2001002171A1 (fr) * 1999-06-30 2001-01-11 OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH Procede et dispositif d'impression permettant le transfert de fluide d'impression sur un materiau support et rouleau d'impression associe
DE10244458B4 (de) * 2002-09-24 2007-11-15 OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH Druckwerk und Verfahren zum Übertragen von Tinte auf einen Aufzeichnungsträger unter Anwendung von Funkenentladung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0756544B1 (fr) 1998-03-18
JPH09511459A (ja) 1997-11-18
WO1995029063A1 (fr) 1995-11-02
US5760808A (en) 1998-06-02
DE59405497D1 (de) 1998-04-23

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