EP0754909A1 - Brennerkopf insbesondere für Gasbrenner - Google Patents

Brennerkopf insbesondere für Gasbrenner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0754909A1
EP0754909A1 EP95830315A EP95830315A EP0754909A1 EP 0754909 A1 EP0754909 A1 EP 0754909A1 EP 95830315 A EP95830315 A EP 95830315A EP 95830315 A EP95830315 A EP 95830315A EP 0754909 A1 EP0754909 A1 EP 0754909A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion head
head according
balls
combustion
holding body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95830315A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0754909B1 (de
Inventor
Gianmario Invernizzi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SIABS INDUSTRY S.R.L.
Original Assignee
INVERNIZZI GIANMARIO SIABS INDUSTRY Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by INVERNIZZI GIANMARIO SIABS INDUSTRY Srl filed Critical INVERNIZZI GIANMARIO SIABS INDUSTRY Srl
Priority to AT95830315T priority Critical patent/ATE189512T1/de
Priority to ES95830315T priority patent/ES2143028T3/es
Priority to DE69514916T priority patent/DE69514916T2/de
Priority to EP95830315A priority patent/EP0754909B1/de
Publication of EP0754909A1 publication Critical patent/EP0754909A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0754909B1 publication Critical patent/EP0754909B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combustion head, in particular for gas burners of the type involving the use of an internally hollow mixing body and means for feeding a combustible gas-combustion air mixture into the mixing body, said combustion head being provided with delivery ports through which the combustible gas-combustion air mixture is ejected from the mixing body and fired.
  • burners normally used in boilers, furnaces or other heating systems for domestic and/or industrial use fed with gaseous fuel essentially consist of an internally hollow mixing body generally of a box-shaped structure, provided with means for the controlled admission of a combustible gas and combustion air drawn from the surrounding atmosphere.
  • a combustion head Associated with the upper part of the mixing body is a combustion head in which a plurality of ports is formed for delivery of the combustible gas-combustion air mixture from the inside of the mixing body.
  • said delivery ports essentially consist of mere through holes having a round or shaped configuration, formed through a metal plate constituting the combustion head.
  • the combustible gas-combustion air mixture is fired at the exit of said through holes, thereby forming a plurality of flames arising from the eternal surface of the combustion head.
  • the combustion heads of the above type are adopted in many situations, they however have some drawbacks in terms of burning efficiency.
  • the air-gas mixing carried out within the mixing body does not always appear sufficiently efficient to ensure an optimal and intimate mingling of the two components, which is essential for achieving a correct burning.
  • burners the combustion head of which essentially consists of a wire net having meshes of an appropriate size to give the outgoing gas-air mixture such a speed that the risk of backfire towards the mixing body is avoided.
  • burning gives rise to a continuous flame front substantially covering the whole eternal surface of the combustion head.
  • heat resulting from combustion taking place in direct contact with the wire net causes said net to become incandescent and, as a result, to dissipate heat by radiation.
  • the combustion heads of this type ensure a combustion of better quality as compared with those described beforehand, but on the other hand they have a drawback too in that the wire nets, in addition to being very expensive, exhibit a structural brittleness that in many cases makes it inconvenient to use them.
  • burners the combustion head of which substantially consists of one or more plates made of a ceramic material having a honeycomb structure and obtained by moulding. These ceramic plates have a greater structural strength than the previously described wire nets, but they involve high production costs too and, in addition, have a reduced resistance to thermal shocks. Furthermore, also in burners provided with such a type of combustion head, the gas-air mixing carried out within the mixing body does not prove to be sufficient for ensuring an optimal combustion development, above all in the cases in which the air and gas flow rate values must be adjusted for achieving a flame modulation.
  • Burners have been also manufactured in which the combustion head essentially consists of a porous ceramic material or a non-woven fabric formed of ceramic material fibres.
  • This type of combustion head has a greater resistance to thermal shocks as compared with that of the ceramic material plates.
  • porous ceramic materials and non-woven fabrics involve high production costs and above all do not allow a precise measurement of the delivery ports embodied by the hollow spaces created between the various ceramic material fibres or particles having a random orientation. Therefore very thick porous materials or non-woven fabrics need to be adopted.
  • an important thickness appears to be inappropriate, due to the flow resistance induced on the outgoing mixture, for use on burners of the atmospheric type requiring air to be fed by forced ventilation.
  • An important thickness also involves the installation of auxiliary air and/or gas filtering devices, in order to avoid the risk that dust or other impurities may obstruct the hollow spaces between the ceramic fibres or particles, thereby impairing the burner operation.
  • a combustion head in particular for gaseous fuel burners, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of granular elements physically interconnected with each other in succession at points of mutual tangency, to substantially define a filter bed having a lattice of hollow spaces intercommunicating with each other and defining on an eternal surface of the combustion head, a plurality of said delivery ports distributed over the whole extension of the eternal surface itself.
  • a combustion head especially for gaseous fuel has been generally identified by reference numeral 1.
  • the combustion head 1 is associated with a burner 1a which in a manner known per se comprises an internally hollow mixing body 2 into which feeding means 3 for a combustible gas-combustion air mixture opens.
  • said feeding means 3 essentially comprises a feed manifold 4 along which a plurality of nozzles 5 is distributed. Through said nozzles a combustible gas coming from a pipe 4a terminating at the manifold itself is delivered in the form of a plurality of parallel and suitably spaced jets.
  • the nozzles 5 are such oriented that they direct the gas jets to an inlet slot 6 formed along one side of the mixing body 2.
  • a lead-in portion 7 and a spread portion 8 extend from the side edges of the inlet slot 6 and they have an extension respectively converging and diverging along the feed direction of the gas ejected from nozzles 5.
  • the air feeding may also occur by forced ventilation, said forced ventilation taking the place of, or being in addition to said admission nozzle.
  • the combustion head 1 located on top of the mixing body 2 so as to form a closure for same, is essentially comprised of a plurality of balls 10 of a predetermined diameter, preferably of ceramic material, physically interconnected with each other in succession at points of mutual tangency.
  • the gas-air mixture admitted to the mixing body 2 will be therefore forced to pass through the combustion head 1 and will then emerge from the delivery ports 12 to be fired at the external surface 9 of said combustion head.
  • the surfaces of balls 10 confining each delivery port 12 mutually diverge in an exponential progression along the mixture outlet direction, thereby involving an important velocity reduction in the mixture flow coming out of the delivery ports.
  • burning of the mixture will take place substantially within the confined spaces between the ball surfaces diverging from the delivery ports 12, thereby giving rise to a substantially continuous flame front extending over the whole external surface 9 of the combustion head 1.
  • the balls 10 belonging to each of the different superposed layers are distributed to advantage according to a symmetrically staggered positioning relative to the balls belonging to the adjoining layers.
  • the mixture from the mixing body 2, while crossing the combustion head 1 is divided into a plurality of flows which are forced to follow a tortuous path of travel between the various alveoli 11 and are consequently subjected to movement in a turbulent state, which will cause a perfect homogenizing of the mixture to be fired.
  • balls 10 may be replaced by granular elements of varying shapes, for example obtained by grinding a ceramic material into a given particle size and subsequently distributed in superposed layers to form said filter bed.
  • the use of balls is preferred because by suitably selecting the ball diameter it is possible to establish the sizes of the alveoli 11 and delivery ports 12 in a very precise manner, depending on requirements.
  • the ball diameter is provided to be included between 1 mm and 10 mm, so that the alveolus and port sizes will be big enough to enable passage of impurities possibly present in the mixture and small enough to ensure a mixture velocity capable of avoiding any risk of backfire at the delivery ports 12.
  • figures 2 and 3 show a first solution in which the balls 10 provided in each layer are distributed in a geometrical lattice having triangular meshes.
  • the combustion head 1 has at least three ball layers, so that none of the delivery ports 12 can directly communicate with the inside of the mixing body 2 and therefore each delivery port 12 can be reached by the mixture after the latter has passed through several alveoli 11 disposed at mutually staggered locations.
  • the balls 10 of each layer are on the contrary distributed following a geometrical lattice formed of square meshes.
  • the arrangement of at least two ball layers is sufficient to enable the mixture to reach the delivery ports 12 after following a tortuous path across the combustion head 1.
  • internally hollow balls 10 may be provided, as shown in Fig. 6, so that a further reduction of the ball mass is achieved and therefore a reduction in the heat amount therein stored during burning.
  • the combustion head 1 comprises a box-shaped holding body 13 having at least one bottom 14 provided with a plurality of through apertures 14a defining a substantially reticular structure, and at least one side wall 15 extending perimetrically from said bottom 14 with which it defines a housing 16 for receiving said plurality of granular elements consisting in this case (as already said) of balls 10 of a predetermined diameter.
  • the box-shaped holding body 13 can be thoroughly made of a suitably shaped reticular element. It should be noted that the box-shaped holding body 13 is received in a perimetric seat 2b defined by an upper edge 2a of the mixing body so that it substantially acts as a closure for the mixing body.
  • a closing element 17 disposed on the opposite side from the bottom wall 14 and also provided with a plurality of through apertures 17a defining a substantially reticular structure.
  • the closing element 17 too can be made of a reticular element which is suitably shaped so that its shape matches that of the side wall 15 of the holding body 13.
  • the granular elements or balls 10 can be disposed within the housing 16 without a mutual fixing being required.
  • an additional covering element 18 associated with the side wall 15 of the holding body 13 may be provided. It is located a given distance from the closing element 17, away from the bottom wall 14.
  • This additional covering element 18 too designed to be brought to incandescence by the flame in order to dissipate heat by radiation, is provided with a plurality of through apertures 18a and can be made starting directly from a reticular element.
  • annular seal 19 is interposed between the side wall 15 of the box-shaped body 13 and the upper edge 2a of the mixing body 2.
  • Seal 19 is adapted to ensure an efficient tightness to the connection between the box-shaped body and the mixing body and at the same time, due to its intrinsic capability of being deformed, can compensate for the thermal expansions to which the other components of the combustion head 1 are subjected, thereby avoiding the occurrence of inner stresses capable of impairing the structural integrity of the combustion head.
  • Clamping means consisting for example of an annular gripping element 20 having a C-shaped transverse section causes the final fastening between the upper edge 2a of tho mixing body 2, the side wall 15 of the holding body 13, the closing element 17 and the additional closing element 18, if present.
  • the box-shaped holding body 13 is first made, for example starting from a reticular element or a plate suitably provided with through holes conveniently distributed to form a substantially netlike structure.
  • said plurality of granular elements 10 may be introduced into the housing 16 so as to define the filter bed provided with intercommunicating alveoli or hollow spaces 11.
  • the holding body may be submitted to advantage to a further step involving a vibrating action.
  • the closing element 17 is put on top of the granular elements and associated therewith and the additional closing element 18, if any, is put close to the upper edge of the side wall 15 of the holding body 13.
  • the holding body 13 can be associated with the perimetric housing 16 defined by the upper edge 2a of the mixing body 2, upon optional interposition of the annular seal 19.
  • the box-shaped holding body 13, closing element 17 and additional closing element 18 are fastened to the upper edge 2a of the mixing body 2 after carrying out a folding operation of the respective perimetric edges and a subsequent operation involving clamping of the perimetric edges by the annular gripping element 20.
  • the present invention achieves the intended purposes.
  • the combustion head in question due to its particular structural configuration, is in fact capable of ensuring an optimal efficiency in carrying out the combustion process on the external surface 9.
  • the combustion thoroughly takes place in the spaces defined by the upper surface portions of the balls at the outside of the delivery ports, which is advantageous for the combustion quality.
  • an optimal control of the stoichiometric ratio in the gas-air mixture is ensured, together with the maintenance of a fire temperature adapted to avoid the formation of nitric oxides and/or other harmful products of combustion.
  • the combustion quality is also improved by the intimate mixing taking place between the air and gas following passage of the mixture through the lattice of alveoli defined by the different ball layers.
  • the combustion head according to the invention can be mass produced at low manufacturing costs. Actually, it is noted that hollow or solid balls made of ceramic material are easily available on the market. In addition the manufacturing cost can be further reduced if, instead of balls, granular elements of different configuration obtained by grinding of scrap material from other industrial processes are used.
  • the combustion head may be made of several plate-like portions formed by said balls or granular elements of different shapes, disposed consecutively side by side and supported by a bearing framework.
  • the balls may be distributed in a tubular configuration, instead of having a flat configuration as shown in the accompanying drawings.
  • the balls may advantageously have a diameter increasingly growing from the inner to the outer layers in order to ensure that also the balls belonging to the outermost layers should be touching at the respective tangency points.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
EP95830315A 1995-07-21 1995-07-21 Brennerkopf insbesondere für Gasbrenner Expired - Lifetime EP0754909B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT95830315T ATE189512T1 (de) 1995-07-21 1995-07-21 Brennerkopf insbesondere für gasbrenner
ES95830315T ES2143028T3 (es) 1995-07-21 1995-07-21 Cabezal de combustion, en particular para quemadores de gas.
DE69514916T DE69514916T2 (de) 1995-07-21 1995-07-21 Brennerkopf insbesondere für Gasbrenner
EP95830315A EP0754909B1 (de) 1995-07-21 1995-07-21 Brennerkopf insbesondere für Gasbrenner

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95830315A EP0754909B1 (de) 1995-07-21 1995-07-21 Brennerkopf insbesondere für Gasbrenner

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0754909A1 true EP0754909A1 (de) 1997-01-22
EP0754909B1 EP0754909B1 (de) 2000-02-02

Family

ID=8221977

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95830315A Expired - Lifetime EP0754909B1 (de) 1995-07-21 1995-07-21 Brennerkopf insbesondere für Gasbrenner

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0754909B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE189512T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69514916T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2143028T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10220155A1 (de) * 2001-07-31 2003-11-13 Rolf Kresel Gasbrenner für Zentralheizungen
ES2293768B1 (es) * 2005-04-11 2009-03-16 Jose Maria Vergara Uranga Cuerpo de caldeo polivalente.

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3322179A (en) * 1963-04-09 1967-05-30 Paul H Goodell Fuel burner having porous matrix
CH452464A (de) * 1964-04-21 1968-05-31 Bullfinch Gas Equip Gasbrennerheizvorrichtung
DE2036510A1 (de) * 1969-08-07 1971-02-18 C.A.V. Ltd., Birmingham (Grossbritannien) Brenner fur ein Brennstoff/Luftgemisch
GB2155613A (en) * 1984-03-06 1985-09-25 Allday & Co Ltd William Forge hearth burner assembly
JPS62258917A (ja) * 1986-04-18 1987-11-11 Miura Co Ltd セラミック粒子からなる助燃体を用いた表面燃焼バーナ
JPH01121609A (ja) * 1987-11-05 1989-05-15 Miura Co Ltd 表面燃焼用バーナヘッド組立体
GB2259566A (en) * 1991-09-06 1993-03-17 Nuovo Pignone Spa Improved burner,particularly suitable for wall-mounted boilers
EP0542074A2 (de) * 1991-11-11 1993-05-19 Lüdi, Roger Flammenhalter für Strahlungsbrenner

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3322179A (en) * 1963-04-09 1967-05-30 Paul H Goodell Fuel burner having porous matrix
CH452464A (de) * 1964-04-21 1968-05-31 Bullfinch Gas Equip Gasbrennerheizvorrichtung
DE2036510A1 (de) * 1969-08-07 1971-02-18 C.A.V. Ltd., Birmingham (Grossbritannien) Brenner fur ein Brennstoff/Luftgemisch
GB2155613A (en) * 1984-03-06 1985-09-25 Allday & Co Ltd William Forge hearth burner assembly
JPS62258917A (ja) * 1986-04-18 1987-11-11 Miura Co Ltd セラミック粒子からなる助燃体を用いた表面燃焼バーナ
JPH01121609A (ja) * 1987-11-05 1989-05-15 Miura Co Ltd 表面燃焼用バーナヘッド組立体
GB2259566A (en) * 1991-09-06 1993-03-17 Nuovo Pignone Spa Improved burner,particularly suitable for wall-mounted boilers
EP0542074A2 (de) * 1991-11-11 1993-05-19 Lüdi, Roger Flammenhalter für Strahlungsbrenner

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 12, no. 137 (M - 690) 26 April 1988 (1988-04-26) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 13, no. 365 (M - 859) 15 August 1989 (1989-08-15) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69514916D1 (de) 2000-03-09
EP0754909B1 (de) 2000-02-02
DE69514916T2 (de) 2000-06-29
ATE189512T1 (de) 2000-02-15
ES2143028T3 (es) 2000-05-01

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