EP0743104B1 - Procédé et dispositif d'identification de différents objets métalliques de forme allongée, en particulier de pièces de couvert - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif d'identification de différents objets métalliques de forme allongée, en particulier de pièces de couvert Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0743104B1
EP0743104B1 EP96105451A EP96105451A EP0743104B1 EP 0743104 B1 EP0743104 B1 EP 0743104B1 EP 96105451 A EP96105451 A EP 96105451A EP 96105451 A EP96105451 A EP 96105451A EP 0743104 B1 EP0743104 B1 EP 0743104B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutlery
conveyor
inductive scanning
scanning device
inductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96105451A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0743104A2 (fr
EP0743104A3 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Jordan
Peter Buck
Rainer Anthonj
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Premark FEG LLC
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Premark FEG LLC
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Premark FEG LLC filed Critical Premark FEG LLC
Publication of EP0743104A2 publication Critical patent/EP0743104A2/fr
Publication of EP0743104A3 publication Critical patent/EP0743104A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0743104B1 publication Critical patent/EP0743104B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for identifying different, elongated metallic objects, especially cutlery, by location and / or shape and / or Art and an apparatus for performing this method.
  • the simplest known method is a mechanical one Identification procedure in which several superimposed and sheets with elongated holes can be used.
  • there are the outline of the elongated holes of a single sheet the outline shape of a particular piece of cutlery, e.g. of Knife, is adjusted.
  • Disorderly mess Cutlery is placed on the top perforated plate and the plates vibrated.
  • the cutlery parts fall through here the openings corresponding to their respective outline shape Sheets and are thus both identified and sorted.
  • this process is very slow, and very noisy does not prevent cutlery items from being not intended for them Openings fall, making reliable identification is not guaranteed.
  • EP 05 81 699 A1 describes a device for sorting Cutlery parts known, in which the cutlery parts on one Conveyor belt fed to a detection area and there according to Art and location are identified. In which the Detection area subsequent conveyor section of this Various control flaps are arranged by a device Adjustment device can be operated. Depending on the detector signal a particular cutlery type, i.e. e.g. Knife, Spoon, fork, small spoon, and a specific location assigned flap actuated so that the corresponding Cutlery in a collecting compartment. Cutlery items that no one can be assigned to a certain type or are defective, finally get into a final container.
  • a particular cutlery type i.e. e.g. Knife, Spoon, fork, small spoon
  • the device further includes an identification device several detectors or transducers in length and Width direction spaced apart across a flat Document on which the cutlery items are guided are.
  • the respective detectors include in the flat Underlying transmitters and arranged over the underlay Receiver.
  • the flat surface is when viewed in the Cross section slightly inclined and forms together with one lateral guidance of a V-like gutter. This will make the Cutlery parts forced into a given position and so through directed the detection area.
  • the detectors of the Depending on the type (knife, Spoon, fork, small spoon) and position (i.e. cutlery part head forwards or backwards) of the cutlery part signals in one certain order, which is a detection signal form a representative signal sequence.
  • a detection signal results from the combination of the individual signals to a typical signal sequence that is available when all individual signals from the detectors have been received.
  • Detection signal is by the specific order of the Characterized individual signals of the plurality of detectors, wherein the shape and size of these individual signals for the intended However, identification purposes is irrelevant. It will only considers whether at a certain point in the signal sequence Single signal is present or not. An available one Has detection signal in the form of a detection signal sequence hence a code characteristic. Because of the arrangement of the detectors and how the signal is generated of this device only a limited number of Detection signal combinations are provided.
  • the cutlery parts pass through in a predetermined position an inductive detector device arranged in the channel and are identified.
  • the inductive scanning device is like this designed that depending on the type of cutlery DC voltage of different sizes, based on them characteristic value the cutlery item is identified. In Dependence on this signal will turn to the Detection area operated trap doors, so that a identified cutlery is fed to a collection container can be.
  • EP 0 220 832 A2 describes a further method and a method further device for identifying different, elongated metallic objects, especially known from cutlery items.
  • This procedure and this device is very similar to that from the beginning explained EP 0 581 699 A1 known methods and its corresponding device.
  • the cutlery items will be by means of a conveyor in a predetermined position, i.e. across the conveying direction, on the conveyor lying and on a reference line or a stop aligned uniformly and at constant speed passed over a photoelectric scanner.
  • the Scanning device comprises three individual sensors in the form of Photocells that are transverse to the conveying direction and in different Distances to the reference line are arranged one behind the other and are each at the level of the cutlery dividers.
  • the Photocells are moved from the cutlery parts temporarily covered. From the number of covered Photocells and the resulting cover pattern as well as from the length of time by the different Shape of the respective cutlery dividing conditional Covering the photocells will then be the type (knife, fork, Spoons etc.) and the location (that means here the Longitudinal orientation: cutlery front or rear) examined piece of cutlery determined.
  • the principle of identification is based on check whether certain photocells are covered or not and additionally how long this coverage takes place.
  • On Detection signal is ergo through this method certain order of individual signals (signal sequence) of the Characterized photocells, the shape and size of these Individual signals is irrelevant. It is only important whether and how long a single signal of the signal sequence has been present is. So it is a kind of (binary) code characteristic given, but here by the width of the cutlery representative fair value is added.
  • the Fair value is due to the basic principle described above this identification procedure for a given number of photocells only a relatively limited number of Detection signal combinations possible.
  • the Scanning device quite complex conveying, separating and Positioning devices are upstream, which the Ensure the specified cutlery position.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem effective and flexible procedure for safe and reproducible identification of elongated metallic To create objects, especially cutlery, and an apparatus for performing this method.
  • the method according to the invention provides a solution to this problem before, isolated by means of a conveyor and in predefined or any position on this conveyor lying objects with regard to their direction of conveyance uniformly and at a constant speed over at least to lead an inductive scanning device.
  • the during the Passing the object through the inductive Scanning device time-varying induction voltage is measured and the measurement signal determined over time as Detection signal in an electronic Data processing device stored.
  • the inductive scanning device for example a current-carrying and correspondingly wound coil
  • the voltage induced in this process can be at the Tapping device can be tapped and measured. Due to the The respective shape and mass distribution of a piece of cutlery is the magnetic flux and therefore the induced voltage per Unit of time is measured, a function of these parameters.
  • the induced voltage plotted against time can be advantageously represented as a signal curve.
  • On scanned cutlery always creates one for his Location, shape and therefore type of typical signal curve.
  • the uniform feeding of the parts with constant Speed ensures the comparability of the Measurements.
  • the separation of the cutlery parts on the Conveyor prevents the individual from overlapping Measurement signals.
  • the signals of different types of cutlery this way in their different locations on the To measure conveyor and as detection signals in a suitable to store electronic data processing equipment.
  • the device for identifying cutlery items currently generated measurement signal of a part via a suitable one Algorithm with the data in the Data processing system stored detection signals compared. If there is a similarity or match of the signal curves determined, the device generates a for the identified cutlery, shape and type representative electrical output signal, which can advantageously be used to control a sorting device is.
  • the method according to the invention allows reliable, continuous and reproducible identification of different, elongated metallic objects, such as about cutlery items.
  • the procedure is however the same for others metallic objects applicable.
  • the ones to be identified isolated cutlery items can be in a given position or disordered and in any position.
  • the procedure allows high signal generation and Processing frequency.
  • the inductive scanning ensures in Contrast to known computer-based Identification procedure a very short access and Computing time of the electronic used Data processing system and enables rapid Identification of large quantities.
  • the identification different types of cutlery can be saved Detection signal collections individually adapted to the needs and be supplemented.
  • the device according to the invention used as Conveyor for the cutlery parts in another Embodiment advantageously an endlessly revolving Conveyor belt or an adequate conveyor mechanism, as is hereby constant conveyor speeds and a have uniform movement well realized.
  • the inductive scanning device has an elongated shape and is transverse to the direction of conveyance and expediently over the direction entire width arranged so that on the conveyor lying parts can be reliably detected by the scanning device.
  • inductive Scanning device advantageously also a standing ring or frame-shaped coil, with the cutlery pieces parallel to the magnetic field lines passed through the coil become.
  • inductive Scanners are used.
  • the elongated inductive scanning device obliquely to Direction of transport and across the entire width of the To arrange conveyor.
  • two over or consecutive scanning devices become these positioned so that their longitudinal axes or cross imaginary extensions of their longitudinal axes.
  • With wide Conveyors can cutlery items in different Positions relative to the direction of transport of the device this come to rest.
  • a piece of cutlery that comes with its longitudinal axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the inductive Scanner is located, sweeps over the scanner then in a much shorter time than a cross to Longitudinal axis of the scanning device. From this results in a very narrow signal curve over time.
  • Fig. 1 shows a conveyor 1 in the form of an endless revolving conveyor belt.
  • the direction of conveyance is through a Arrow marked.
  • the elongated inductive scanning devices 2a, 2b are under conveyor 1 in the present example arranged and extend obliquely over their entire Width. Depending on the embodiment of the used Scanning devices, it is also conceivable to place these over the Place conveyor or the scanning devices like this to design that the conveyor to be funded Passing objects through the scanning devices. In addition, the inductive scanning devices 2a and 2b positioned so that the imagined Cross extensions of their longitudinal axes. The coil windings of the inductive scanning devices 2a, 2b are designed that the magnetic field lines B the conveyor 1 perpendicular and perpendicular to Penetrate the direction of conveyance.
  • this is from the inductive Scanning device 2a coming and representing and as a signal curve interpretable measurement signal S1 via a suitable interface 8 in a data memory 9 of the electronic Data processing system 3 filed.
  • the Measurement signals from a variety of cutlery items in different positions, Form and type for a detection signal collection ES summarized for the subsequent user Identification of the cutlery is required.
  • a scanned one Cutlery always one for its location, shape and therefore type typical signal curve used for identification purposes can be used and interpreted.
  • U denotes the induced voltage and t the time.
  • a measurement signal S1 coming from the inductive scanning device 2a is compared, using a suitable program algorithm, with the detection signals from the detection signal collection ES stored in the data memory 9 of the electronic data processing device 3. If a match or sufficient similarity is found here, the cutlery item is uniquely identified by a detection signal ES 1 that represents a certain position, shape and consequently type. In this case, an output signal AS for controlling a sorting device for cutlery items is output via an additional interface 10 in the electronic data processing device 3.
  • the sorting device is not shown in the drawings.
  • the measurement signal S1 cannot be evaluated, which is a priority too short a measurement time due to the parallel position of the Cutlery part to the longitudinal axis of the inductive scanning device 2a is to be attributed, as shown in FIG. 1, a second inductive scanning device 2b behind in the conveying direction to arrange the first scanning device 2a, the imaginary extensions of the longitudinal axes of both Cross scanning devices 2a, 2b. That way ensures that not in the above sense evaluable cutlery always the second scanner 2b sweeps at an obtuse angle, making a cheap one temporal measurement signal width results.
  • the measurement signal S1 cannot be used, the measurement signal S2 of the scanning device 2b is therefore used and compared with the signals of the detection signal collection ES in the manner already described at the beginning. If identification is successful, with a detection signal ES 2 , agreement can be established, an output signal AS serving as a control signal is in turn output for a subsequent sorting device via the additional interface 10.
  • the inventive method for Identification of different, elongated metallic Objects and the device for performing this Method using other than those mentioned inductive scanning devices or sensors can be realized. They are also capacitive, optical or on others sensors based on physical principles conceivable to the special way of measuring and Generate detection signals and then evaluate them. The the computational effort required for this is in contrast to the preferred inductive scanning devices but very high. With correspondingly powerful electronic Data processing systems and program algorithms can, however this can also be accomplished in the sense of the invention.

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  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Control Of Conveyors (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé pour identifier des objets métalliques allongés différents (4, 5, 6, 7), notamment des pièces de couvert (4, 5, 6, 7) en fonction de leur position et/ou de leur forme et/ou du type, selon lequel
    à l'aide d'un dispositif d'entraínement (1)
    un objet (7) disposé de manière isolée dans une position prédéterminée ou dans une position quelconque dans la direction d'entraínement (1) est guidé de manière uniforme dans sa direction d'entraínement, et
    avec une vitesse constante
    au-dessus d'au moins un dispositif d'exploration inductif (2a),
    la tension induite, qui varie dans le temps pendant le passage de l'objet (7) au-dessus du dispositif d'exploration inductif (2a), est mesurée;
    le signal de mesure (S1, S2) déterminé en fonction du temps est mémorisé en tant que signal d'identification (ES1, ES2) dans une mémoire de données (9) d'un dispositif de traitement électronique des données (3), et ensuite
    les signaux de mesure (SI, S2) produits lors des passages de travail d'objets (4, 5, 6, 7) sont comparés, au moyen du dispositif de traitement électronique de données (3), aux signaux d'identification (ES1, ES2) mémorisés dans la mémoire de données (9) et sont évalués,
    ce qui produit un signal de sortie électrique (AS), qui peut être associé à la position et/ou la forme et/ou le type, respectivement identifiés de l'objet et qui peut être utilisé pour commander un dispositif de tri.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que pour l'établissement d'un ensemble (S) de signaux d'identification, des objets isolés (4, 5, 6) ayant une position, une forme et un type différents sont guidés au moyen du dispositif d'entraínement (1) au-dessus du dispositif d'exploration inductif (2a) et les signaux de mesure typiques (SI) résistant pour la position, la forme et le type respectifs, sont mémorisés dans un dispositif de traitement électronique de données (3).
  3. Procédé selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que simultanément on utilise plusieurs dispositifs d'exploration inductif (2a, 2b) pour la production de signaux.
  4. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant:
    au moins un dispositif d'exploration inductif (2a, 2b) pour mesurer une tension induite, qui varie dans le temps et pour produire des signaux de mesure (S1, S2) déterminés à partir de là,
    un dispositif d'entraínement (1) pour entraíner des objets métalliques allongés, notamment des pièces de couvert (4, 5, 6, 7), le dispositif d'entraínement (1) déplaçant d'une manière uniforme lesdits objets dans la direction d'entraínement et à une vitesse constante par rapport au dispositif d'exploration induction (2a, 2b), et
    un dispositif de traitement électronique des données (3) pour mémoriser, comparer et évaluer les signaux de mesure (ES1, ES2), utilisés comme signaux d'identification (S1, S2), du dispositif d'exploration inductif (2a, 2b), le dispositif de traitement électronique de données (3) produisant un signal de sortie (AS) qui peut être utilisé pour commander un dispositif de tri pour les objets indiqués (4, 5, 6, 7).
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'entraínement (1) est une bande transporteuse sans fin.
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'exploration inductif (2a) est disposé au-dessous ou au-dessus du dispositif d'entraínement (1) et s'étend sur toute la largeur du dispositif d'entraínement (1).
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'exploration inductif (2a) est disposé obliquement par rapport à la direction d'entraínement.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 4 à 7 caractérisé en ce que deux ou plusieurs dispositifs d'exploration inductifs (2a, 2b) sont disposés obliquement par rapport à la direction d'entraínement et de telle sorte que leurs axes longitudinaux ou les prolongements imaginaires de ces derniers se croisent.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la bobine du dispositif d'exploration inductif (2a) est enroulée et disposée par rapport au dispositif d'entraínement (1) de telle sorte que, lorsque la bobine est parcourue par un courant, les lignes de champ magnétique (B) traversent le dispositif d'entraínement (1) verticalement et à angle droit par rapport à la direction d'entraínement.
  10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 4 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'exploration inductif est une bobine verticale de forme annulaire ou en forme de cadre et que les objets (4, 5, 6, 7) sont dirigés à travers la bobine au moyen du dispositif d'entraínement (1) parallèlement aux lignes de champ magnétique.
EP96105451A 1995-05-18 1996-04-04 Procédé et dispositif d'identification de différents objets métalliques de forme allongée, en particulier de pièces de couvert Expired - Lifetime EP0743104B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19518329 1995-05-18
DE19518329A DE19518329C2 (de) 1995-05-18 1995-05-18 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Identifizierung von unterschiedlichen, länglichen metallischen Gegenständen, insbesondere von Besteckteilen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0743104A2 EP0743104A2 (fr) 1996-11-20
EP0743104A3 EP0743104A3 (fr) 1998-02-04
EP0743104B1 true EP0743104B1 (fr) 2002-01-30

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EP96105451A Expired - Lifetime EP0743104B1 (fr) 1995-05-18 1996-04-04 Procédé et dispositif d'identification de différents objets métalliques de forme allongée, en particulier de pièces de couvert

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US (1) US5829600A (fr)
EP (1) EP0743104B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19518329C2 (fr)

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DE20102446U1 (de) * 2001-02-13 2001-06-28 Weckenmann Anlagentechnik Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Ergreifen metallischer Gegenstände
US7674994B1 (en) * 2004-10-21 2010-03-09 Valerio Thomas A Method and apparatus for sorting metal
US7659486B2 (en) * 2005-10-20 2010-02-09 Valerio Thomas A Method and apparatus for sorting contaminated glass
EP1960111A4 (fr) * 2005-10-24 2013-11-20 Thomas Valerio Processus, système et appareil de tri de matériaux dissemblables
JP2009532198A (ja) * 2006-03-31 2009-09-10 トーマス バレリオ、 細かい非鉄金属及び絶縁電線断片を分類する方法及び装置
EP2125253A4 (fr) * 2007-01-05 2012-05-30 Thomas A Valerio Système et procédé pour trier des matériaux différents
US7732726B2 (en) * 2008-04-03 2010-06-08 Valerio Thomas A System and method for sorting dissimilar materials using a dynamic sensor
CA2727460C (fr) 2008-06-11 2014-12-30 Thomas A. Valerio Procede et systeme de recuperation de metal a partir de materiaux recycles traites
MX2011000836A (es) * 2008-07-21 2011-04-11 Mtd America Ltd Llc Metodo y sistema para remover bifenilos policlorados de plasticos.
EP2424684A4 (fr) 2009-04-28 2014-03-19 Mtd America Ltd Llc Appareil et procédé de séparation de matériaux au moyen d'air
CA2768783A1 (fr) * 2009-07-21 2011-01-27 Thomas A. Valerio Procede et systeme pour separer et recuperer des materiaux de type analogue a partir d'un systeme de dechets electroniques
AU2010278693A1 (en) * 2009-07-31 2012-03-01 Thomas A. Valerio Method and system for separating and recovering wire and other metal from processed recycled materials
US8757523B2 (en) 2009-07-31 2014-06-24 Thomas Valerio Method and system for separating and recovering wire and other metal from processed recycled materials
US8534466B2 (en) 2010-02-28 2013-09-17 Greg Chaganos Utensil sorting apparatus
US8809718B1 (en) 2012-12-20 2014-08-19 Mss, Inc. Optical wire sorting
US20210001488A1 (en) * 2019-07-03 2021-01-07 Dishcraft Robotics, Inc. Silverware processing systems and methods

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US3588686A (en) * 1968-05-27 1971-06-28 Kennecott Copper Corp Tramp metal detection system with belt splice avoidance for conveyors
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FR2694216B1 (fr) * 1992-07-29 1994-09-09 Validex Installation de tri pour couverts de collectivités.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5829600A (en) 1998-11-03
DE19518329C2 (de) 1997-07-24
EP0743104A2 (fr) 1996-11-20
DE59608659D1 (de) 2002-03-14
EP0743104A3 (fr) 1998-02-04
DE19518329A1 (de) 1996-11-21

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