EP0741267A1 - Procédé et four pour l'incinération de déchets - Google Patents

Procédé et four pour l'incinération de déchets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0741267A1
EP0741267A1 EP95106788A EP95106788A EP0741267A1 EP 0741267 A1 EP0741267 A1 EP 0741267A1 EP 95106788 A EP95106788 A EP 95106788A EP 95106788 A EP95106788 A EP 95106788A EP 0741267 A1 EP0741267 A1 EP 0741267A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
secondary air
blown
nozzles
grate
furnace according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95106788A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0741267B1 (fr
Inventor
Arvid Christmann
Bernd Rütten
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Zosen Inova Steinmueller GmbH
Original Assignee
Deutsche Babcock Anlagen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to AT95106788T priority Critical patent/ATE203809T1/de
Application filed by Deutsche Babcock Anlagen AG filed Critical Deutsche Babcock Anlagen AG
Priority to DE59509469T priority patent/DE59509469D1/de
Priority to ES95106788T priority patent/ES2161798T3/es
Priority to EP95106788A priority patent/EP0741267B1/fr
Priority to JP08523097A priority patent/JP2000513796A/ja
Priority to PL96323139A priority patent/PL323139A1/xx
Priority to US08/964,188 priority patent/US6138587A/en
Priority to PCT/EP1996/001254 priority patent/WO1996035081A1/fr
Priority to KR1019970707819A priority patent/KR100446348B1/ko
Priority to TW085103698A priority patent/TW319816B/zh
Publication of EP0741267A1 publication Critical patent/EP0741267A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0741267B1 publication Critical patent/EP0741267B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/02—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air above the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/106—Combustion in two or more stages with recirculation of unburned solid or gaseous matter into combustion chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a furnace according to the preamble of claim 11.
  • a rotary kiln in which at least two primary air nozzles are directed towards one another and towards the fuel bed in such a way that two opposing vortices are generated in the rotary tube, the axes of rotation of which run essentially parallel to the axis of the rotary tube and those about these axes of rotation turn that they support the thermally induced movement of the fuel gases. Additional burners or mixed air nozzles are arranged in an afterburner chamber and aligned in such a way that the two opposite vortices emerging from the rotary tube are reinforced.
  • the invention has for its object to improve a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a furnace according to the preamble of claim 11 so that each sub-volume of the flue gas is at a sufficiently high temperature level during a prescribed dwell time.
  • the direct current combustion system shown in FIG. 1 has a combustion chamber 1, a loading chute 2, a chute 3 and a grate 4 which extends from the chute 2 to the chute 3. It is designed as a roller grate and comprises a total of six rollers 5, the axes of which are arranged parallel to one another in an inclined plane inclined in the direction of the chute 3.
  • the combustion chamber 1 is closed at the top by a roof-shaped combustion chamber ceiling 6.
  • the failure-side roof edge 7 is located above the end area of the grate 4.
  • devices 8 for supplying primary air are provided under the grate 4, devices 8 for supplying primary air are provided. Secondary air nozzles 9 penetrate several Place the combustion chamber ceiling 6. They are directed towards the main combustion zone, which is located in a wide area in the middle of the grate 4.
  • the combustion chamber 1 is connected to a flue gas duct 11 through an opening 10 above the chute 3 and the adjacent end region of the grate 4.
  • the lower section of the flue gas duct 11 is designed as an oblique pull 12. It is inclined backwards in the direction of the feed chute 2. Its lower boundary wall is the failure-side roof surface of the combustion chamber ceiling 6.
  • a vertical train 13 is connected to the inclined cable 12 at the top. In this respect, the firing corresponds to the state of the art.
  • Additional nozzles 15.1 to 15.6 are attached to the rear wall 14 approximately at the height of the mouth opening 10 in a cross-sectional plane, which is symbolized in FIG. 1 by a broken line. They are illustrated in Figure 2 by pulse vectors.
  • the direction of the pulse vector coincides with the blowing direction, the length is a measure of the size of the pulse with which the secondary air flow is blown in.
  • the length should also be a measure of the size of the nozzle.
  • the pulse vectors are of the same length. This is intended to symbolically represent that all nozzles 15.1 to 15.6 are of the same size.
  • the nozzle arrangement is mirror-symmetrical with respect to the vertical center plane 16, which divides the flue gas duct into two duct halves, to which the two cross-section halves 10a and 10b correspond in FIG.
  • the central plane 16 is an imaginary plane, not a material partition.
  • Figure 2 shows the horizontal components of the individual pulse vectors.
  • the horizontal pulse components are aligned tangentially to circles 17.1 to 17.6 inscribed in the center of the cross-sectional halves. They therefore define a direction of rotation with respect to their center points Ma, Mb, symbolized by arrows 18a, 18b.
  • the direction of rotation in cross-section half 10a is opposite to the direction of rotation in cross-section half 10b.
  • the circles 17.1 to 17.3 or 17.4 to 17.6, which are assigned to the individual nozzles have different diameters.
  • nozzles of a cross-sectional half tangentially are between approximately 0.15b and 0.4b.
  • b is the width of the flue gas duct 11.
  • the horizontal component points away from the central plane 16.
  • the associated horizontal component is oriented at right angles to the rear wall 14, ie parallel to the side wall 19a. The same naturally applies to the nozzle 15.6.
  • the distances can deviate up to approximately ⁇ 30%, the angles up to approximately ⁇ 20% from the specified data.
  • the nozzles 15.1 to 15.6 are inclined to the horizontal.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ 3 of the nozzle 15.3 is the angle between the pulse vector and its projection into the horizontal cross-sectional plane of the orifice 10.
  • the angle of inclination of the other nozzles which are not shown in FIG. 3 for the sake of clarity, has to be imagined accordingly.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ for all nozzles is between -20 ° and + 50 °.
  • the negative sign indicates a downward slope.
  • the waste is placed on the grate 4 in the usual way, moved forward on the grate 4 by rotation of the rollers 5 and burned in the process.
  • the combustion residues fail.
  • Primary air is supplied to the grate from below. Secondary air is blown into combustion chamber 1 from above.
  • a flue gas flow occurs in the combustion chamber 1, which is illustrated in FIG. 1 by the flow lines 20, 21, 22.
  • the partial flow symbolized by the streamline 20 rises from the front area of the grate 4. It contains solid and gaseous combustible components. This partial flow is conducted through the main combustion zone in the manner characteristic of direct current furnaces. There, the combustible constituents are largely burned at a high temperature by means of a targeted secondary air supply.
  • the partial flow 21 escaping from the central area has a very high temperature
  • the partial flow 22 from the end area of the grate 4 still has a relatively high oxygen content.
  • the entire flue gas flow is deflected upwards on the outlet side and passes through the opening 10 in an inclined draft 12. There, the flammable constituents which are still entrained are to be completely burned out. In addition to an adequate oxygen supply, this requires intensive mixing of the strands that form the flue gas stream.
  • 16 secondary air jets are blown in symmetrically to the central plane in the area of the mouth opening 10.
  • the direction of the secondary air jets is chosen so that each jet has an angular momentum with respect to the central axis of the channel half.
  • the direction of rotation is correct for all jets that are blown into one channel half. match. Because of the mirror symmetry, there is a direction of rotation in the cross-sectional half 10a which is opposite to the direction of rotation in the cross-sectional half 10b.
  • the secondary air is blown into the flue gas flow at a speed of 70 to 100 m / s.
  • the proportion of the secondary air blown in in the area of the mouth opening 10 of the total secondary air is approximately 25 to 35%.
  • a double vortex configuration symmetrical to the central plane 16 is generated in the flue gas duct 11 and in particular in the inclined draft 12 which forms the afterburner chamber.
  • the flue gas escaping from the combustion chamber 1 is introduced obliquely upward into the oblique pull 12 by arranging and aligning the nozzles in the form of two vortices rotating in opposite directions. It has been shown that the release vortex observed in the prior art is completely suppressed or at most reduced to an innocuous, small release bubble directly on the roof edge 7.
  • the double vortex flow there is extensive homogenization in terms of temperature and material composition. As a result, the burnout of flammable components carried along is significantly improved and the pollutant content of the exhaust gases is significantly reduced.
  • FIG. 4 shows a furnace which essentially has two differences compared to the furnace described so far: one difference is that the flue gas duct 11 is designed as a continuous, vertical train. The second difference is the different configuration of the nozzles, which are directed into the flue gas channel 11 at the level of the orifice opening 10. This arrangement is shown symbolically in FIG.
  • the nozzles 24.1, 24.2 and 25.1 to 25.5 are not only attached to the rear wall 14, but also to the side walls 19a, 19b and the front wall 26 of the flue gas duct 11 over the edge 7.
  • the nozzles 24.1, 24.2 are significantly larger than the nozzles 25.1 to 25.5.
  • the nozzles 24.1, 24.2 are aligned tangentially to an inner circle 27, the smaller nozzles 25.1 to 25.5 tangentially to a larger circle 28.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ 24, which is not visible in FIG. 5, of the nozzles 24.1, 24.2 is different from the angle of inclination ⁇ 25 of the nozzles 25.1 to 25.5.
  • Secondary air is blown through the nozzles 24.1, 24.2 with a high impulse, ie a large penetration depth. Secondary air is blown through the nozzles 25.1 to 25.5 with a significantly lower pulse.
  • the quantity of secondary air introduced through the nozzles 24.1, 24.2 is preferably greater than the quantity of secondary air introduced through the nozzles 25.1 to 25.5, but at least the same size.
  • the quantitative ratio is between 4: 1 and 1: 1. It is possible to replace all or part of the secondary air with recirculated flue gas.
  • an inner vortex is formed in each channel half, which is fanned in particular by the nozzles 24.1, 24.2, and an outer vortex which is fanned by the nozzles 25.1 to 25.5.
  • the vortices have different tangential speeds and, because of the different angles of inclination ⁇ 24 , ⁇ 25, also different axial speeds. This creates a shear layer between the two vertebrae. This leads to the formation of medium and fine-scale turbulence, which contributes to homogenization and improves the reaction kinetics.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
EP95106788A 1995-05-05 1995-05-05 Procédé et four pour l'incinération de déchets Expired - Lifetime EP0741267B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59509469T DE59509469D1 (de) 1995-05-05 1995-05-05 Verfahren und Feuerung zum Verbrennen von Abfällen
ES95106788T ES2161798T3 (es) 1995-05-05 1995-05-05 Procedimiento e instalacion de combustion para quemar basuras.
EP95106788A EP0741267B1 (fr) 1995-05-05 1995-05-05 Procédé et four pour l'incinération de déchets
AT95106788T ATE203809T1 (de) 1995-05-05 1995-05-05 Verfahren und feuerung zum verbrennen von abfällen
PL96323139A PL323139A1 (en) 1995-05-05 1996-03-22 Waste incinerating process and oven
US08/964,188 US6138587A (en) 1995-05-05 1996-03-22 Process and furnace for burning refuse
JP08523097A JP2000513796A (ja) 1995-05-05 1996-03-22 ゴミの焼却方法及びゴミ焼却炉
PCT/EP1996/001254 WO1996035081A1 (fr) 1995-05-05 1996-03-22 Procede et foyer pour l'incineration des ordures
KR1019970707819A KR100446348B1 (ko) 1995-05-05 1996-03-22 쓰레기소각방법및소각로
TW085103698A TW319816B (fr) 1995-05-05 1996-03-27

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95106788A EP0741267B1 (fr) 1995-05-05 1995-05-05 Procédé et four pour l'incinération de déchets

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0741267A1 true EP0741267A1 (fr) 1996-11-06
EP0741267B1 EP0741267B1 (fr) 2001-08-01

Family

ID=8219223

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95106788A Expired - Lifetime EP0741267B1 (fr) 1995-05-05 1995-05-05 Procédé et four pour l'incinération de déchets

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US6138587A (fr)
EP (1) EP0741267B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000513796A (fr)
KR (1) KR100446348B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE203809T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59509469D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2161798T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL323139A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW319816B (fr)
WO (1) WO1996035081A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0952398A2 (fr) * 1998-04-17 1999-10-27 Dr. Schoppe Technologie GmbH Procédé et dispositif d'alimentation en air pour brûler du combustible particulaire
WO2000029788A1 (fr) * 1998-11-17 2000-05-25 Kmw Energi Ab Appareil a combustion pour combustibles solides
EP3076076A1 (fr) * 2015-03-30 2016-10-05 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Procede de commande de combustion pour foyer a grille et foyer a grille
EP4047271A1 (fr) * 2021-02-22 2022-08-24 Doosan Lentjes GmbH Installation d'incinération

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100705204B1 (ko) * 2003-04-18 2007-04-06 제이에프이 엔지니어링 가부시키가이샤 화격자식(火格子式) 폐기물 소각로 및 그 연소 제어방법
US6964237B2 (en) * 2003-06-30 2005-11-15 Mark P. Hepp Grate block for a refuse incineration grate
DE102004045510A1 (de) * 2004-09-14 2006-03-30 Polysius Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Veraschen von Brennstoff
MX2009006061A (es) * 2006-12-07 2009-08-26 Waste2 Energy Technologies Int Proceso de gasificacion de lote de desperdicio.
US20080163803A1 (en) * 2006-12-22 2008-07-10 Covanta Energy Corporation Method and systems to control municipal solid waste density and higher heating value for improved waste-to-energy boiler operation
JP6030913B2 (ja) * 2012-10-11 2016-11-24 川崎重工業株式会社 ストーカ式焼却炉
JP6326212B2 (ja) * 2013-10-01 2018-05-16 日本碍子株式会社 放射性廃棄物焼却装置
CN105423304B (zh) * 2015-12-01 2018-06-26 福寿园环保机械制造有限公司 一种环保焚尸炉
CN106090925B (zh) * 2016-07-27 2018-02-06 湖北华程制造有限公司 焚烧处理炉
CN107339701A (zh) * 2017-08-16 2017-11-10 深圳市能源环保有限公司 一种低氮燃烧的垃圾焚烧炉
CN117308092B (zh) * 2023-11-28 2024-02-02 西安广泰源科技有限公司 一种两段式顺推炉排炉

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3125429A1 (de) * 1981-06-27 1983-02-03 Erk Eckrohrkessel Gmbh, 1000 Berlin "einrichtung zur durchmischung von gasstraehnen"
EP0445070A2 (fr) * 1990-02-28 1991-09-04 Institute of Gas Technology Procédé et appareil pour la réduction de l'émission lors de l'incinération des déchets
WO1992002762A1 (fr) * 1989-08-04 1992-02-20 Jan Wiklund Bruleur pour combustibles solides
EP0579987A1 (fr) * 1992-07-24 1994-01-26 DEUTSCHE BABCOCK ANLAGEN GmbH Four rotatif
EP0610944A1 (fr) * 1993-02-12 1994-08-17 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Centrale électrique à lit fluidisé circulant et mélange amélioré des agents de sorption avec des gaz de combustion

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3125429A1 (de) * 1981-06-27 1983-02-03 Erk Eckrohrkessel Gmbh, 1000 Berlin "einrichtung zur durchmischung von gasstraehnen"
WO1992002762A1 (fr) * 1989-08-04 1992-02-20 Jan Wiklund Bruleur pour combustibles solides
EP0445070A2 (fr) * 1990-02-28 1991-09-04 Institute of Gas Technology Procédé et appareil pour la réduction de l'émission lors de l'incinération des déchets
EP0579987A1 (fr) * 1992-07-24 1994-01-26 DEUTSCHE BABCOCK ANLAGEN GmbH Four rotatif
EP0610944A1 (fr) * 1993-02-12 1994-08-17 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Centrale électrique à lit fluidisé circulant et mélange amélioré des agents de sorption avec des gaz de combustion

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0952398A2 (fr) * 1998-04-17 1999-10-27 Dr. Schoppe Technologie GmbH Procédé et dispositif d'alimentation en air pour brûler du combustible particulaire
EP0952398A3 (fr) * 1998-04-17 2000-03-08 Dr. Schoppe Technologie GmbH Procédé et dispositif d'alimentation en air pour brûler du combustible particulaire
WO2000029788A1 (fr) * 1998-11-17 2000-05-25 Kmw Energi Ab Appareil a combustion pour combustibles solides
EP3076076A1 (fr) * 2015-03-30 2016-10-05 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Procede de commande de combustion pour foyer a grille et foyer a grille
US10753604B2 (en) 2015-03-30 2020-08-25 Martin Gmbh Fuer Umwelt-Und Energietechnik Method for the combustion management in firing installations and firing installation
EP4047271A1 (fr) * 2021-02-22 2022-08-24 Doosan Lentjes GmbH Installation d'incinération

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW319816B (fr) 1997-11-11
ES2161798T3 (es) 2001-12-16
US6138587A (en) 2000-10-31
PL323139A1 (en) 1998-03-16
EP0741267B1 (fr) 2001-08-01
KR19990008293A (ko) 1999-01-25
WO1996035081A1 (fr) 1996-11-07
ATE203809T1 (de) 2001-08-15
DE59509469D1 (de) 2001-09-06
KR100446348B1 (ko) 2004-10-14
JP2000513796A (ja) 2000-10-17

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