EP0736163B1 - Procede et dispositif d'extraction de l'eau contenue dans de l'herbe fraiche et de sechage final de l'herbe pretraitee - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif d'extraction de l'eau contenue dans de l'herbe fraiche et de sechage final de l'herbe pretraitee Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0736163B1
EP0736163B1 EP95933291A EP95933291A EP0736163B1 EP 0736163 B1 EP0736163 B1 EP 0736163B1 EP 95933291 A EP95933291 A EP 95933291A EP 95933291 A EP95933291 A EP 95933291A EP 0736163 B1 EP0736163 B1 EP 0736163B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grass
water
heat
press
belts
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95933291A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0736163A1 (fr
Inventor
Franz Duss
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/14—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by applying pressure, e.g. wringing; by brushing; by wiping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/02—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
    • F26B17/08—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being arranged in a sinuous or zig-zag path
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B7/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes using a combination of processes not covered by a single one of groups F26B3/00 and F26B5/00

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for removing water from fresh grass and to dry the pre-treated Grass according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a device for withdrawing Water from fresh grass and to dry the pretreated grass according to the preamble of Claim 6.
  • Such a method and such device is from DE-A-2 947 746 known.
  • DE-A-2947746 already describes a method for drying Known grass, in which the fresh grass in a steam atmosphere heated and then part of the water content between Press rolls is pressed.
  • the object of the present invention is now to a method and an apparatus for performing the To create procedures with which freshly cut damp grass can be dried very gently.
  • the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention enable the grass to be prepared for subsequent pressing by heat treatment with hot steam, in which pressing approximately 80% of the water content can be driven out without damaging the fine leaves and grasses.
  • the residual water content can be reduced to the desired level in a subsequent air drying process in a heat-insulated, hermetically sealed room with a very small amount of energy and low heat losses.
  • the heat treatment requires very little energy because the fresh and still cold grass that is supplied can be preheated with the warm water expelled in the press.
  • the grass lies on a vapor-permeable belt and is only turned a few times. This avoids mechanical stress and damage.
  • the grass components are also treated extremely gently during subsequent pressing.
  • the residual moisture is also dried out with warm air on a belt that can prevent the grass components from flexing.
  • Another advantage of the method is that the farmer can harvest the feed at the stage, ie at the time of its highest nutritional value, regardless of the weather.
  • the compact design of the device allows it to be built on a vehicle, thereby allowing multiple farmers to use it on their own farm. Furthermore, the grass being treated only comes into contact with oxygen for a short time between the individual process steps, thereby maintaining its beautiful green color.
  • Freshly cut moist fresh grass hereinafter referred to as grass G 1
  • a first transport device 1 designed as a vibrating device, for example a conveyor belt or an eccentric conveyor, into a tub 2 filled with warm press water, the origin of which will be described later.
  • the grass G 1 and any stones S contained therein are separated on the transport device 1 .
  • a further separation takes place in the tub 2, which is filled to the brim and into which the grass G 1 is introduced.
  • the grass G 1 introduced into the trough 2 is conducted with a first conveyor 4 through an inlet 6 into a well heat-insulated housing 5, which is part of a heat treatment device 3.
  • the conveyor 4 has a plurality of drivers which gently transport the grass G 1 vertically upwards.
  • a plurality of essentially horizontally circumferential perforated bands 7 are arranged one above the other in the heat-insulated housing 5.
  • five such belts 7 rotating around two rollers 9 each are shown.
  • more bands 7 can also be used in order to increase the residence time T of the grass G 1 accordingly.
  • the rollers are driven by a motor 11 which is preferably adjustable in speed.
  • the belts 7 lying one above the other are offset from one another in the longitudinal direction, the output-side end of the strand above in each case coming to lie above the inlet-side upper strand of the belt 7 below.
  • a steam generating device 13 is inserted in the housing 5 below the band 7 lying at the bottom.
  • the steam generating device 13 consists of a trough 15 for holding water, which can be heated and evaporated by a heating device 17, here represented schematically by a number of burners.
  • a heating device 17 here represented schematically by a number of burners.
  • heating elements can of course also be used in the trough 15, or hot steam can be generated externally and introduced into the housing 5 from below.
  • the steam generating device 13 preferably extends over the entire length of the lowermost belt 7. Below the outlet end of the lowermost belt 7 there is a second conveyor device 19 with which the heat-treated grass G 2 falling from the belt 7 at the outlet end exits through an outlet 20 the housing 5 can be led out.
  • the press 23 can be designed like a fruit press.
  • a hydraulically operated piston 25 presses with a plate 27 in one or more press strokes about 70% to 80% of the water contained in the grass G 2 .
  • a belt press or a pair of squeeze rollers can also be used for gentle pressing.
  • the press water is collected and passed through a preferably insulated line 29 to a sprinkler system 31.
  • the sprinkler system 31 can be arranged above the transport device 1, on the conveyor device 4 or above the belt 7 located at the top in the housing 5.
  • the pressed grass G 3 is loosened up after the press 23.
  • a vibrator 33 can be used for the loosening, which gently loosens the compressed grass G 3 . If the work is carried out continuously, a vibrating belt can also be used. At the same time, this enables the transport of the grass G 3 from the press 23 to a drying room 35.
  • the drying room 35 consists of an insulated box 37, in which several peripheral perforated conveyor belts 39 are inserted.
  • the arrangement of the conveyor belts 39 is the same as in the heat treatment device 3.
  • the conveyor belt 39 lying at the bottom can be led out through an opening 41 in the box 37 in order to simplify the removal of the dried grass G 4 .
  • the drying space 35 shown in the figure below the box 5 can also be arranged laterally as an independent unit of the heat treatment device 3.
  • a centrifuge or another means for driving the water out of the grass G 2 could also be used.
  • the entire system, ie the heat treatment device, the press 23, the vibrator 33 and the drying room 35 can be constructed on a chassis with wheels 41, so that the system can be used at different locations.
  • Freshly cut grass G 1 is applied to the first transport device 1 and introduced into the tub 2 by the latter. Contaminants, such as stones and earth, sink downward in the tub 2 and can be removed through an outlet 43 with the contaminated press water.
  • the cleaned and slightly warmed grass G 1 is transported by the drivers on the first conveyor 4 to the first belt 7 located in the top of the box 5. It is conveyed further from the first belt 7 to the opposite end and deposited there on the second belt 7 arranged below.
  • the grass mass in ribbon form is carefully turned over. This process is repeated up to the lowest band 7. Hot water vapor is continuously passed through the grass G 1 through the perforated bands 7, and its pores are carefully opened.
  • the dwell time t of the grass G 1 in the heat treatment device 3 can be set at a temperature T of 60 ° to 90 °, preferably 70 ° to 80 °.
  • the heat-treated grass G 2 is led out of the heat treatment device 3 through the outlet 20 on the second conveyor device 19 to the press 23 and the water is largely pressed out, ie approximately 70% to 80%.
  • one or more pressings can take place in succession.
  • the squeezed warm press water is returned through line 29 and distributed to the newly fed grass G 1 in order to gently warm it up and to avoid a thermal shock when entering the warm steam atmosphere.
  • the pressed grass G 3 is first passed over the vibrator 33 and loosened up before it is fed to the drying room 35 and is there carefully dried on conveyor belts 37 by warm air. It leaves the drying room 35 through the opening 41 as undamaged dry material G 4 without sheet loss.
  • the pre-treated and Pressed grass alternatively or additionally into one Box, e.g. of the size 4m x 4m x 5m, introduced and dried out there with a conventional hay blower become. This can damage the dry Grass excluded until feeding the cattle become.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
  • Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé de séchage d'herbe par extraction de l'eau via un apport de chaleur, par les opérations suivantes:
    a) réchauffement de l'herbe humide (G1) dans une enceinte isolée à la chaleur, dans une atmosphère de vapeur d'eau, et maintien de celle-ci à la chaleur pendant un temps de séjour (t),
    b) abaissement de la teneur en eau de l'herbe chaud préalablement traité (G2) par une opération de pressage,
    c) séchage de l'herbe (G3) en majeure partie asséchée par l'opération de pressage, avec de l'air,
    d) l'herbe humide (G1) étant conduite au travers de l'enceinte (5) isolée à la chaleur sur des bandes perforées (7),
    e) réchauffée avec de la vapeur d'eau à une température (T) de 60° à 90°, et maintenue à cette température pendant le temps de séjour (t), caractérisé en ce que
    f) de la vapeur chaude produite extérieurement et conduite au travers des bandes (7) et de l'herbe (G1) se trouvant sur ces dernières est apportée du bas à l'enceinte (5), et
    g) en ce que l'opération de pressage est exécutée au moyen d'une presse à panier (23) en une ou plusieurs étapes.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'eau extraite dans la presse (23) de l'herbe (G2) traitée à la chaleur est utilisée pour préchauffer l'herbe humide (G1) avant son entrée dans l'enceinte isolée à la chaleur (5).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'eau extraite de l'herbe (G2) est pulvérisée par dessus l'herbe fraíche (G1) apportée, à l'extérieur et/ou à l'intérieur de l'enceinte (5).
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'herbe fraíche (G1) est conduit avant son entrée dans l'enceinte (5), dans une cuve (2) remplie d'eau et y est débarrassée des pierrailles.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'herbe lavée (G1) est conduit de la cuve (2) jusque dans l'enceinte (5) avec un premier dispositif de transport (4).
  6. Dispositif pour le séchage d'herbe par extraction de l'eau via un apport de chaleur, dans un dispositif de traitement thermique (3) comprenant une enceinte isolée à la chaleur (5) traversée par de l'eau, une admission (6) et une sortie (20), approprié à la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, avec des moyens de transport (7) pouvant être entraínés, en vue du transport de l'herbe humide (G1) dans l'atmosphère de vapeur d'eau, les moyens de transport de l'herbe humide (G1) étant constitués de bandes continues perforées (7) tournant sur des galets entraínés (9), et les bandes (7) étant décalées entre elles dans le sens longitudinal et agencées les unes au dessus des autres, et des moyens pour délivrer et conduire de la vapeur d'eau au travers des bandes (7) et de l'herbe (G1) conduite sur ces dernières étant disposés en dessous des bandes (7), et comprenant une presse (23) agencée derrière la sortie (20), caractérisé en ce que des moyens pour introduire de la vapeur d'eau produite extérieurement sont prévus, en ce que la presse est réalisée sous forme de presse à panier (23) et en ce que des moyens sont prévus pour réceptionner et réacheminer l'eau pressée au dispositif de traitement thermique.
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'avant d'entrer dans la caisse (3) ou sur le dispositif de transport (4), sur le premier dispositif de transport (4) ou au dessus de la bande (7) se trouvant le plus au dessus, on a installé un dispositif d'arrosage (31) pour distribuer l'eau pressée chaude au dessus de l'herbe humide (G1) apportée.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que devant la caisse (3) on a placé une cuve (2) pour recueillir l'eau pressée et pour séparer les pierrailles et d'autres impuretés et/ou pour chauffer l'herbe (G1).
EP95933291A 1994-10-21 1995-10-16 Procede et dispositif d'extraction de l'eau contenue dans de l'herbe fraiche et de sechage final de l'herbe pretraitee Expired - Lifetime EP0736163B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH316894 1994-10-21
CH3168/94 1994-10-21
CH316894 1994-10-21
PCT/CH1995/000239 WO1996012923A1 (fr) 1994-10-21 1995-10-16 Procede et dispositif d'extraction de l'eau contenue dans de l'herbe fraiche et de sechage final de l'herbe pretraitee

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0736163A1 EP0736163A1 (fr) 1996-10-09
EP0736163B1 true EP0736163B1 (fr) 2001-01-10

Family

ID=4250095

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95933291A Expired - Lifetime EP0736163B1 (fr) 1994-10-21 1995-10-16 Procede et dispositif d'extraction de l'eau contenue dans de l'herbe fraiche et de sechage final de l'herbe pretraitee

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0736163B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE198663T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59508956D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996012923A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19710711A1 (de) * 1995-09-22 1998-09-17 Dieffenbacher Gmbh Maschf Verfahren, Filterpresse sowie Steuer- und Regeleinrichtung zur Reduzierung des Wassergehaltes von Feststoffmaterialien und/oder Schlämmen
DE19537286B4 (de) * 1995-09-22 2006-03-23 Dieffenbacher Gmbh + Co. Kg Presse zur Reduzierung des Wassergehaltes von Schlämmen
NL1009040C2 (nl) * 1998-04-29 1999-11-01 Petrus Johannus Hendricus De B Werkwijze voor het drogen van mest en inrichting voor het uitvoeren daarvan.
FR2922882B1 (fr) * 2007-10-25 2010-01-01 Cybelia Procede de traitement d'un effluent liquide ou semi liquide, tel que du lisier,et installation associee
CN115787337B (zh) * 2022-12-09 2024-01-09 湖北金汉江精制棉有限公司 精制棉碾压脱水设备

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB482312A (en) * 1936-10-14 1938-03-28 Charles Goodall Improvements relating to the drying of grasses
DE2947746A1 (de) * 1978-11-27 1980-06-04 Franz Duss Verfahren zum trocknen von gras und anlage zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE198663T1 (de) 2001-01-15
EP0736163A1 (fr) 1996-10-09
DE59508956D1 (de) 2001-02-15
WO1996012923A1 (fr) 1996-05-02

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