EP0726349B1 - Verfahren zum Waschen in einer Waschmaschine - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Waschen in einer Waschmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0726349B1
EP0726349B1 EP96200258A EP96200258A EP0726349B1 EP 0726349 B1 EP0726349 B1 EP 0726349B1 EP 96200258 A EP96200258 A EP 96200258A EP 96200258 A EP96200258 A EP 96200258A EP 0726349 B1 EP0726349 B1 EP 0726349B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
tub
recirculation
drum
washing
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP96200258A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0726349A3 (de
EP0726349A2 (de
Inventor
Silvano Fumagalli
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Candy SpA
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Candy SpA
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Publication of EP0726349A3 publication Critical patent/EP0726349A3/de
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F35/00—Washing machines, apparatus, or methods not otherwise provided for
    • D06F35/005—Methods for washing, rinsing or spin-drying
    • D06F35/006—Methods for washing, rinsing or spin-drying for washing or rinsing only
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/08—Liquid supply or discharge arrangements
    • D06F39/083—Liquid discharge or recirculation arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of washing for washing machines.
  • the soapy washing solution or the rinsing water is taken from the base of the washing tub of the washing machine (wherein the drum is contained) and is continuously fed again by spraying, by means of a recirculation pump, into the drum via nozzles. During rotation of the drum at the higher speed, there is thus the formation of a ring of solution or of water wherein the garments are constantly immersed.
  • the washing and rinsing at high speed with garments adhering to the wall of the drum and sprayed by the soapy solution or recycled rinsing water improve the efficiency of the washing and rinsing phases. Moreover recirculation of the soapy solution or of the rinsing water allows the quantity of liquid to be used to be reduced to a certain extent.
  • the quantity of water fed into the washing tub must in any case be sufficient to ensure that, during recirculation, a quantity of water always remains in the tub so as to prevent phenomena of cavitation of the recirculation pump. This is more likely to occur during cycles of rotation of the drum at low speed.
  • washing methods for washing machines which provide for recirculation of the water, previously fed into the washing drum of the washing machine, via a detergent container, and the subsequent feeding of the soapy solution obtained in this way into the washing tub so as to spray the laundry to be washed.
  • Some of these washing methods which do not provide for cycles of rotation at high speed as in the aforementioned Marshall and Vellati patents, are described in the Italian Patent Application no. MI92A002562, filed on 9 November 1992.
  • Methods of this type allow, in addition to a certain reduction in the consumption of water, also better exploitation of the detergent, and hence a reduction in the consumption of the latter.
  • the quantity of water to be fed into the washing tub must in any case ensure that, during recirculation, cavitation phenomena of the recirculation pump are not triggered.
  • the object of the present invention is that of providing a washing method which exploits the known concepts of rotation of the drum at high speed and of recirculation of the water, and which also allows a reduction in the quantity of water required compared to previously described washing methods.
  • this object is achieved thanks to a washing method for a washing machine comprising at least one phase of washing which provides for a work cycle at high speed and recirculation of water during which a drum, containing the laundry to be washed and rotatably housed in a washing tub previously fed with clean water, is made to rotate at a first speed, sufficiently high in order to generate a centrifugal force which causes an arrangement of the laundry along the periphery of the drum, and simultaneously the water contained in the washing tub is taken from said tub and is reintroduced therein by spraying (with the means already described) at a central opening of the drum, and a subsequent work cycle with rotation of the drum at low speed, during which the drum is made to rotate at a second speed, lower than said first speed and such as to allow remixing of the laundry, while recirculation of the water is interrupted, characterised in that said work cycle with rotation of the drum at high speed and recirculation of water has a duration limited to the time required for total removal of
  • Said high speed may be between 100 and 150 rpm, and the duration of said work cycle at high speed and recirculation of water is preferably equal to approximately two minutes.
  • the quantity of water in circulation is thus reduced, and consequently it is possible to reduce the quantity of water to be fed, at the same time ensuring that cavitation phenomena of the recirculation pump are not triggered.
  • a reduction in the quantity of water fed consequently causes a reduction in the consumption of electricity for heating and of detergent.
  • the washing method moreover comprises at least one phase of rinsing which similarly provides for a short work cycle at high speed and recirculation of water, during which the drum rotates at said first speed and the water contained in the tub is simultaneously recirculated, partly made to pass through a container of rinsing additive and then fed again into the tub, and partly injected by spraying into the tub at the central part of the drum.
  • a feed of water which can be regulated automatically according to the load of laundry is preferably provided also for rinsing.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of washing machine suitable for implementing the washing method according to the present invention.
  • the washing machine comprises in a known manner a frame 1 inside whereof a washing tub 2 is housed.
  • the tub 2 rotatably houses a drum 3.
  • heating resistors 40 are provided on the bottom of the tub 2 .
  • the bottom of the tub 2 leads, via a conduit 4, to a discharge pump 5 (which can be seen Figure 6), to the delivery whereof a discharge pipe 7 is connected.
  • the inlet of the discharge pump 5 also leads, via a conduit 8, to the inlet of a recirculation pump 9, to whose delivery 10 a conduit 11 is connected (Fig. 2).
  • the latter is in turn connected to a deviation device 12, which can be seen better in Figure 3, essentially composed of a "Y" connection of two conduits 13 and 14.
  • the conduits 13 and 14 have different diameters, so as to partialise to a different extent a flow of liquid coming from the conduit 11.
  • a conduit 15 Connected to the conduit 13, greater in diameter, is a conduit 15 which is in turn connected to a nozzle 16 placed inside a basin 17 containing detergent.
  • conduit 18 Connected to the conduit 14, smaller in diameter, is a conduit 18 which is in turn connected to a spray nozzle 19 positioned inside the tub 2 and which can be seen in detail in Figures 4 and 5.
  • a pump 9 for recirculation with a flow rate of approximately 18 litres per minute, the fraction of water which is sent to the nozzle 19 is approximately 10-11 litres per minute, while the remaining 7-8 litres per minute are sent to the basin 17.
  • the nozzle 16 can be moved horizontally and can be positioned on each occasion at a particular compartment containing detergent or additive 22 of a row of containers provided in the basin 17.
  • the movement of the nozzle 16 occurs in a manner in itself known by means of a lever 23 hinged in 24 to the frame 1 and actuated by cams 25 of a timer 24, such as for example as described in the Italian Patent Application no. MI92A002562 in the name of the same Applicant.
  • a water supply conduit 20 also flows into the basin 17, and is connected externally to a water supply connection point (not shown). Connected to the bottom of the basin 17 is a conduit 21 which flows into the washing tub 2.
  • a washing method according to the present invention comprises in a manner in itself known a prewash cycle (Fig. 9), an actual washing cycle (Fig. 7) and a rinsing cycle (Fig. 8).
  • the prewash cycle is optional, and may even not be performed.
  • the washing cycle consists of three phases L1, L2 and L3 (Fig. 7).
  • the timer 24 it is possible to start up the washing cycle from point A, in which case all the phases L1, L2 and L3 (first washing programme) will be performed automatically and in sequence, or from point B, in which case phases L2 and L3 will be performed in sequence (second washing programme), or even from point C, in which case only phase L3 (third washing programme) will be performed.
  • the phase L1 includes an initial cycle of feeding clean water into the washing tub 2 (denoted by C in Figure 7), referring to the washing machine described previously.
  • the water enters via the supply conduit 20, flows into the basin 17 without taking detergent, and from there flows into the tub 2 via the conduit 21, wetting the laundry to be washed which is contained in the drum 3.
  • a pressure switch (not shown in that known) automatically cuts off the feed of water from the supply conduit 20 when a preset level of water has been reached in the tub 2, which may vary from 20 to 25 mm from the bottom of the drum 3 (levels 41 and 42 in Figure 1).
  • a first work cycle L starts, lasting about 4 minutes, during which the drum 3 is made to rotate at a relatively low speed (typically from 50 to 60 rpm): this rotation speed encourages remixing of the laundry contained in the drum 3, which is thus wetted and absorbs water.
  • the consequent reduction in the level of water in the tub 2 causes further triggering of the pressure switch which re-actuates the feed of water from the conduit 20 directly into the tub, via the conduit 21, in order to restore the preset level of water.
  • the quantity of water fed into the tub is automatically calibrated on the basis of the quantity of laundry contained in the drum 3.
  • the heating resistors 40 are also actuated.
  • a cycle of work at high speed and recirculation starts with rotation of the drum at a high speed (G in Figure 7) of between 100 and 150 rpm (preferably 120 rpm).
  • the recirculation pump 9 is actuated which causes intake of water from the tub 2 and the sending thereof, via the conduits 11, 13 and 15, to the nozzle 16, which has in the meantime been positioned by the lever 23 at a first detergent container 22.
  • the detergent is thus taken by the recirculated water, and flows out via the conduit 21 into the tub 2.
  • the centrifugal force generated by rotation of the drum at the abovementioned high speed causes adherence of the laundry contained in the drum 3 to the walls of the same, creating at the centre of the drum 3 a space thanks to which the water injected by the nozzle 19 can evenly wet the laundry.
  • the level of water in the tub 2 drops to a level between levels 42 (tangential to the drum 3) and 43 shown in Figure 1.
  • covering of the heating resistors 40 is in any case guaranteed, and there is a sufficient water column for avoiding triggering of cavitation phenomena of the pump 9.
  • a second work cycle L is performed, similar to the first work cycle L, but lasting approximately fourteen minutes.
  • the first phase L1 of the washing cycle L1 ends.
  • the second phase L2 is identical to the first phase L1. If however the first phase has just been performed, the water feed (cycle C), provided at the start of the second phase L2, does not take place and the first work cycle L of the second phase L2 starts immediately, during which the level of water remains constant.
  • the third phase L3 comprises, similarly to the first phases L1 and L2, an initial cycle C of water feed (a feed which is not performed if the second phase L2 has just been performed), a first work cycle L, with relatively low rotation speed of the drum 3, lasting approximately 4 minutes, a work cycle of approximately two minutes with high rotation speed of the drum (G) and simultaneous recirculation of the water (R).
  • the third phase is not performed if the temperature of the water heated during the previous phases reaches about 70°C. This temperature is considered safe in the event of accidental opening of the detergent container.
  • the prewash cycle (Fig. 9) which, as mentioned, is optional and can be actuated by appropriately positioning the timer 24, comprises a feed cycle C during which the water coming from the supply conduit 20 is sent directly into the tub 2.
  • a feed cycle C during which the water coming from the supply conduit 20 is sent directly into the tub 2.
  • actuation of the recirculation pump 9 is provided, so that the water, from the tub 2, is sent into the basin 17 where, coming out of the nozzle 16, it will remove the detergent and then flow once again into the tub 2.
  • the feed cycle C is followed by a first work cycle L with low drum rotation speed, during at least part of which the recirculation pump 9 is actuated again.
  • the feed cycle C and the first work cycle L during which autoregulation of the level of water according to the load of laundry is not possible, have a total duration of approximately sixteen minutes. This is then followed by a second and third work cycle L, each lasting approximately two minutes, during which the drum is made to rotate at low speed. At the end there is a discharge cycle S during which the discharge pump 5 is actuated.
  • a discharge cycle S during which the discharge pump 5 is actuated.
  • the quantity of water fed during the feed cycle C must be greater, in order to prevent, due to the water being circulated, the resistors from remaining uncovered and the recirculation pump 9 from cavitating.
  • it may be useful. to have in this phase a larger quantity of water in the tub 2. It is however possible, as an alternative to what is shown, to have a cycle of rotation of the drum at high speed even during the prewash cycle.
  • the rinsing cycle comprises four phases R1-R4, which are performed in sequence.
  • the first phase R1 comprises an initial cycle G, lasting approximately two minutes, in which water is fed into the tub with simultaneous rotation of the drum 3 at high speed, and simultaneous actuation of the recirculation pump 9: the water contained in the tub 2 is sent by the pump 9 partly into the basin 17, where from one of the containers 22 any additive is taken (for example a conditioner), and is partly injected into the tub through the spray nozzle 19.
  • the water feed continues, the laundry gradually absorbing the quantity of water necessary (according to the type of laundry), until the preset level controlled by the pressure switch is reached.
  • Phases R2 and R3 are identical one to the other and to phase R1.
  • Phase R4 comprises an initial cycle G of water feed with rotation of the drum 3 at high speed and simultaneous actuation of the recirculation pump 9, for the duration of approximately two minutes. This is then followed by a first work cycle L of approximately two minutes, in which the drum 3 rotates at low speed, then a second work cycle L with simultaneous actuation of the discharge pump 5, and finally two centrifugation cycles lasting two and four minutes respectively.
  • FIG 10 shows schematically a second embodiment of washing machine, also suitable for implementing the washing method of the invention.
  • a washing machine of this type is described for example in the aforementioned Italian Patent Application no. MI92A0002562.
  • one single pump 30 is provided with functions both of discharge and of recirculation.
  • the pump 30 is connected in input to the washing drum 2 via the conduit 4, and in output to a conduit 31.
  • a flow deviation device (of the type described in the Italian Patent Application no.
  • the gate valve 32 is in the position of closure of the first outlet conduit 33, shown in Figure 11, so that when the pump 30 is actuated, the water contained in the tub is recirculated. When however the water contained in the tub is discharged, the gate valve 32 is moved into the position of closure of the second outlet conduit 34.
  • the flow deviation device is placed at a height from the bottom of the tub 2 which is sufficiently high so that, when the pump 30 is de-actuated, the vacuum which is created in the conduit 31 causes emptying of the conduit 31 of the water it contains, which takes with it any filamentous residues in the washing liquid, returning them to the pump 30.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Verfahren zum Waschen für eine Waschmaschine mit wenigstens einer Waschphase (L1-L3), die einen Arbeitszyklus mit einer hohen Geschwindigkeit und einer Rückführung von Wasser enthält, während welchem eine Trommel (3), die die zu waschende Wäsche enthält und in einem Waschtrog (2), dem zuvor frisches Wasser zugeführt ist, drehbar untergebracht ist, veranlaßt wird, sich mit einer ersten Geschwindigkeit zu drehen, die ausreichend hoch ist, um eine Zentrifugalkraft zu erzeugen, die eine Anordnung der Wäsche entlang des Umfangs der Trommel (3) veranlaßt, und gleichzeitig das im Waschtrog (2) enthaltene Wasser aus dem Trog (2) herausgenommen wird und durch Sprühen bei einem zentralen Teil der Trommel (3) wieder dort hinein eingeführt wird, und einen darauffolgenden Arbeitszyklus mit einer niedrigen Geschwindigkeit, während welchem die Trommel (3) veranlaßt wird, sich mit einer zweiten Geschwindigkeit zu drehen, die niedriger als die erste Geschwindigkeit ist, und um ein erneutes Mischen der Wäsche zuzulassen, während eine Rückführung des Wassers im wesentlichen unterbrochen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Arbeitszyklus mit hoher Geschwindigkeit und einer Rückführung von Wasser eine Dauer hat, die auf die Zeit begrenzt ist, die für eine vollständige Entfernung eines Waschmittels aus einem Waschmittelbehälter (22) erforderlich ist, und während des Zyklus mit hoher Geschwindigkeit und einer Rückführung von Wasser ein Teil des aus dem Trog (2) herausgenommenen Wassers veranlaßt wird, durch den Waschmittelbehälter (22) zu laufen und darauffolgend wieder in den Trog (2) eingeführt zu werden.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Arbeitszyklus mit hoher Geschwindigkeit und einer Rückführung von Wasser eine Dauer hat, die im wesentlichen gleich zwei Minuten ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste Geschwindigkeit zwischen 100 und 150 U/min ist.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es eine anfängliche Zufuhr einer Menge von Wasser bereitstellt, die ausreicht, ein Erreichen eines voreingestellten Pegels (41, 42) von Wasser im Trog (2) zu garantieren, und einen darauffolgenden Arbeitszyklus, der dem Zyklus mit hoher Geschwindigkeit und einer Rückführung von Wasser vorausgeht, während welchem die Trommel (3) veranlaßt wird, sich mit einer niedrigen Geschwindigkeit zu drehen, um zuzulassen, daß die Wäsche einheitlich genäßt wird, mit einer gleichzeitigen Zufuhr einer weiteren Menge von Wasser, um den voreingestellten Pegel (41, 42) von Wasser im Trog (2) automatisch wiederherzustellen.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, das auch wenigstens eine Phase eines Spülens (R1-R4) aufweist, die der Phase eines Waschens (L1-L3) nachfolgt und die für einen Arbeitszyklus mit hoher Geschwindigkeit und einer Rückführung von Wasser sorgt, während welchem sich die Trommel (3) mit der hohen Geschwindigkeit dreht und das Wasser gleichzeitig vom Trog (2) entfernt wird, wobei das Wasser teilweise veranlaßt wird, durch einen Behälter (22) für einen Spülzusatz zu laufen, und dann wieder in den Trog (2) eingeführt wird, und teilweise durch Sprühen bei dem zentralen Teil der Trommel (3) in den Trog (2) injiziert wird.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zyklus mit hoher Geschwindigkeit und einer Rückführung von Wasser der Spülphase (R1-R4) eine Dauer von etwa 2 Minuten hat.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es während des Arbeitszyklus mit hoher Geschwindigkeit und einer Rückführung von Wasser für ein Zuführen von Wasser bis zu einem voreingestellten Pegel sorgt.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spülphase (R1-R4) einen weiteren Zyklus einer Drehung der Trommel (3) mit der hohen Geschwindigkeit und einer gleichzeitigen Rückführung des in der Trommel enthaltenen Wassers aufweist, der mit Arbeitszyklen abwechselnd, während welchen sich die Trommel (3) mit der niedrigen Geschwindigkeit dreht.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, das auch eine Vorwaschphase aufweist, die vor der Waschphase (L1-L3) durchgeführt werden kann, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorwaschphase wenigstens einen Zyklus einer Rückführung enthält, während welchem das im Trog (2) enthaltene Wasser teilweise veranlaßt wird, in einen Behälter (22) für ein Vorwaschmittel zu laufen, und dann wieder in den Trog (2) eingeführt wird, und teilweise durch Sprühen bei dem zentralen Teil der Trommel (3) in den Trog (2) injiziert wird.
  10. Waschmaschine mit einem Waschtrog (2), in welchem eine Trommel (3) zum Laden von zu waschender Wäsche drehbar untergebracht ist, einer ersten Schaltung zur Rückführung (8-13, 15-17, 21) zum Entfernen von Wasser aus dem Trog (2), zum Senden des entfernten Wassers zu einem Behälter (22) für Waschmittel oder einen Zusatz und zum Zurückbringen des entfernten Wassers in den Trog (2), einer zweiten Schaltung zur Rückführung (8-12, 14, 18, 19) zum Entfernen von Wasser aus dem Trog (2) und für eine Sprühinjektion des entfernten Wassers in den Trog (2) bei einem zentralen Teil der Trommel (3) und einer Rückführungspumpe (9, 30), die mit dem Trog und mit der ersten und der zweiten Schaltung zur Rückführung verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Einrichtung (24) zum Aktivieren der Rückführungspumpe (9, 30) in Kombination mit der Drehung der Trommel (3) mit einer ausreichend hohen Geschwindigkeit aufweist, um eine Zentrifugalkraft zu erzeugen, so daß die Wäsche entlang des Umfangs der Trommel (3) angeordnet wird, und für eine Zeit gleich derjenigen, die zum Entleeren des Behälters für Waschmittel oder ein Additiv (22) erforderlich ist.
  11. Maschine nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rückführungspumpe (9, 30) eine Fließrate von etwa 18 Litern pro Minute hat, die erste Schaltung zur Rückführung eine Fließrate von etwa 7-8 Litern pro Minute hat und die zweite Rückführungsschaltung eine Fließrate von etwa 10-11 Litern pro Minute hat.
  12. Maschine nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rückführungspumpe (9, 30) auch als Entladepumpe mit einer Ausgabe arbeitet, die über einen Fließverteiler (32) mit elektrischer Steuerung alternativ mit den Rückführungsschaltungen (8-13, 15-17, 21; 8-12, 14, 18, 19) und mit einer Entladeleitung (7) verbunden werden kann, wobei der Fließverteiler (32) bei einer Höhe nahe dem oberen Ende des Trogs (2) angeordnet ist.
EP96200258A 1995-02-10 1996-02-06 Verfahren zum Waschen in einer Waschmaschine Expired - Lifetime EP0726349B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI950244 1995-02-10
ITMI950244A IT1275186B (it) 1995-02-10 1995-02-10 Procedimento di lavaggio per macchina lavabiancheria

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EP0726349A2 EP0726349A2 (de) 1996-08-14
EP0726349A3 EP0726349A3 (de) 1997-03-26
EP0726349B1 true EP0726349B1 (de) 2001-10-31

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DE (1) DE69616392T2 (de)
IT (1) IT1275186B (de)

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KR20050014506A (ko) * 2003-07-31 2005-02-07 삼성전자주식회사 드럼 세탁기 및 그 제어방법
KR20050017655A (ko) * 2003-08-08 2005-02-22 삼성전자주식회사 드럼 세탁기 및 그 제어방법
KR100657478B1 (ko) * 2004-10-21 2006-12-13 엘지전자 주식회사 드럼 세탁기의 제어 방법
EP1688529A1 (de) * 2005-01-28 2006-08-09 Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. Waschmaschine mit Waschmittel-Einspüleinrichtung
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DE69616392T2 (de) 2002-06-27
EP0726349A3 (de) 1997-03-26
EP0726349A2 (de) 1996-08-14
DE69616392D1 (de) 2001-12-06
IT1275186B (it) 1997-07-30
ITMI950244A0 (it) 1995-02-10
ITMI950244A1 (it) 1996-08-10

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