EP0718859B1 - Dispositif pour la commutation d'un moteur électrique, en particulier pour le freinage d'un outil électrique - Google Patents

Dispositif pour la commutation d'un moteur électrique, en particulier pour le freinage d'un outil électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0718859B1
EP0718859B1 EP95117175A EP95117175A EP0718859B1 EP 0718859 B1 EP0718859 B1 EP 0718859B1 EP 95117175 A EP95117175 A EP 95117175A EP 95117175 A EP95117175 A EP 95117175A EP 0718859 B1 EP0718859 B1 EP 0718859B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
switching
electric motor
double
mobile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95117175A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0718859A1 (fr
Inventor
Herbert Franz
Peter Krebs
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heinrich Kopp GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Heinrich Kopp GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heinrich Kopp GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Heinrich Kopp GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0718859A1 publication Critical patent/EP0718859A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0718859B1 publication Critical patent/EP0718859B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/26—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members
    • H01H13/28—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members using compression or extension of coil springs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/58—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals
    • H01H1/5833—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals comprising an articulating, sliding or rolling contact between movable contact and terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/12—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H19/54—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand the operating part having at least five or an unspecified number of operative positions
    • H01H19/56—Angularly-movable actuating part carrying contacts, e.g. drum switch
    • H01H19/563—Angularly-movable actuating part carrying contacts, e.g. drum switch with an initial separation movement perpendicular to the switching movement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/002—Application electric motor braking, e.g. pole reversal of rotor, shorting motor coils, also for field discharge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/001—Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for switching a Electric motor, in particular for braking an electric tool, according to the preamble of claim 1, as already known from EP-A-0 197 436.
  • the aim of the invention is to create a so-called Brake switch for electromotive tools, the use of a suitable contact arrangement, in particular for switches with housing dimensions according to European standards shall be.
  • a device for switching a electrical braking of an electric motor, in particular for Power tools, created with stable switch positions be, in which the risk of Arcing, arcing and contact welding is significantly reduced.
  • the device has ON and OFF contacts with regard to "arc-safe removal" so far apart that arcing occurs and their negative effects when switching reduced is. In addition, an increased switching time due to the enlarged contact section reached. This helps to avoid contact welding in that at least one mobile Contact when switching after a contact friction movement phase from the corresponding stationary Contact against which he previously touched against the action of a pressure spring can be lifted off by means of the guide device.
  • this is Actuator articulated to both movable contacts.
  • the actuator connected to each movable contact via a spring, whereby the arrangement is preferably made so that the actuator is articulated on a rocker arm, which with everyone movable contact is connected via a tension spring.
  • the springs on the one hand in a favorable way good contact pressure and on the other hand switch the mobile Contacts when the actuator becomes effective.
  • each guide device has a sliding guide for the movable contact, which preferably each of one Starting slope to generate a certain moment switching function can be limited.
  • the intended sliding guide which is preferably designed as a sliding rib, provides advantageous on the one hand for the fact that the movable contact on the can set up each stationary contact properly and a certain distance is still available for contact friction stands. On the other hand, can be favorably through the ramp when switching a pressure point will be generated that it largely enables the critical phase of the contact opening to quickly pass or close.
  • the movable contact is in a preferred embodiment the invention on a pivot lever, preferably laterally on this, provided that is stored with play, this Storage preferably designed rotatably and preferably is formed in that the pivot lever in an elongated hole is rotatably supported with lateral play. This leaves the switching kinematics are extremely simple and with few Train parts safely and reliably.
  • the swivel lever has Invention a plastic part with a sliding rib for the Slideway, preferably at least one guide device on one side of a housing for the changeover switch is formed.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment the invention with a housing 10, in which how 3 shows the front cover-like housing wall 11 is omitted to go into a front housing chamber 12 see.
  • the housing 10 is, as in this context 3 can be seen from two closed housing chambers 12 and 13.
  • the housing chambers 12 and 13 have a right one common side wall 14, a left common side wall 15, a common lower wall 16 and a common upper one Wall 17.
  • the walls 14 to 17 are in one piece with a partition 18 formed and consist of an insulating plastic.
  • a changeover switch 19 is located in the front housing chamber 12 housed, is located in the rear housing chamber 13 a changeover switch 20 for switching off the power supply for the electric motor.
  • the changeover switches 19 and 20 are used for and switching off the power supply to reverse the polarity of a field or armature winding of the electric motor and for switching on or off of an electrical brake circuit and are symmetrical with respect the partition 18 is constructed. You will go through together actuates a slide valve 21 which passes through the upper wall 17 and is guided in the partition wall 18.
  • the shift lever 21 has one on both sides in the area of its lower end right-angled protruding arrangement of pins 22 and 23, the are each surrounded by a pressure spring 24 or 25, which is supported by the slide switch 21, the pressure spring 24 a pivot lever 26 of the changeover switch 20 and the Pressure spring 25 a pivot lever 27 of the changeover switch 19th acted upon.
  • the toggle switch 19 includes, as is best related 2 shows a stationary OFF contact 28, of a conductor 29 through the side wall 14 to the outside of the housing 10 is guided.
  • a stationary ON contact 30 which with a electrical conductor 31 is connected, which also by the side wall 14 is led out of the housing 10.
  • a side Contact 32 To the free end of the pivot lever 27 is a side Contact 32 by moving the pivot lever 27 either with the OFF contact 28 or with the ON contact 30 to the system can be brought.
  • the pivot lever 27 is a playful Swivel joint 42 in an elongated hole 33 of a connecting plate 34 mounted such that the movable contact 32 also perpendicular to the swivel plane of the swivel lever 27 for a contact lifting and an upward contact movement is movable. Accordingly, the bearing pin 23 with play in a larger one Bore 35 of the pivot lever 27 is arranged.
  • the connection 34 is via an electrical line through the wall 15 to Guided outside of the housing 10.
  • the sliding rib 40 is arcuate educated. 1 and 2 are only dashed to the Sliding rib 40 belonging to bevels 39 and 41 shown those in slide rib 38 from the level of slide rib 40 when pivoting the pivot lever 27 to abut the movable Contact 32 with the stationary contact 28 and 30 performed becomes.
  • the slopes 39 and 41 can be ramp-like under 45 ° or be designed as a transition curve profile.
  • the operation of the device for switching an electrical Braking an electric motor is easier Way from the position shown in Fig. 1 by the slide switch 21 in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG Housing 10 is inserted. This is initially done via a certain swivel range still a laterally shifting Contact friction between contacts 32 and 28 until the Slide rib 38 reaches the run-up slope 39. With a switching movement the movable contact 32 is quickly on the slide rib 40 raised and thus a safe contact separation achieved. When pivoting the pivot lever 27 further the sliding rib 38 reaches the run-up slope 41, and the movable one Contact 32 comes into sliding contact with the stationary one Contact 30 until the end position reached in Fig. 1 is dashed.
  • the changeover switch 20 is indeed symmetrical to the changeover switch 19 built, but has functional reasons an opposite contact assignment insofar as there the stationary contacts are swapped in terms of function.
  • the device according to the invention can thus be advantageous large contact openings, rubbing contacts, a simple manufacturable structure with simple parts as well as a lightweight Assembly can be realized.
  • a second embodiment is one Device according to the invention with a housing 10 'and a modified slide switch 21 'with integrated button and Compression spring.
  • identical or similar parts have been simplified the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment, however, used with an apostrophe. To avoid Repetitions will subsequently only differ from the second Embodiment compared to the first embodiment explained, with appropriate modifications of components bear a reference sign with an apostrophe.
  • the second embodiment differs from the first Embodiment essentially in that the Changeover switches 19 'and 20' always have a stable ON or OFF position take, while with the changeover switches 19 and 20 of the first embodiment also intermediate positions of movable contact 32 together with the associated pivot lever 27 are possible.
  • the slide switch 21 ' to achieve a reset function has an operating button 50 at its upper end, which is supported on the housing 10 'via a compression spring 51, is, as can be seen in connection with FIG. 7, performed in the region of the partition 18 'of the housing 10'. He owns a groove-shaped recess 52 for the pivotable mounting a pin 53, which is formed laterally on a rocker arm 54 or is attached.
  • the rocker arm 54 is at 55 (see also Fig. 7) pivotable on the partition 18 'via a side Pin 56 stored and between the in Fig. 4 and the Fig. 6 shown pivotable, its position according to Fig. 4 of the OFF position and its position according to Fig. 6 the ON position of the changeover switches 19 'and 20' is assigned.
  • the rocker arm 54 has a front end 57 which is on the side a portion of the partition 18 'is guided.
  • in the The area of the front end 57 of the rocker arm 54 is on both Side hooks 58 and 59 for tension springs 60 and 61 respectively integrally formed from there at an angle of about 15 ° towards the movable contacts 32 ' extend outside.
  • the tension springs 60 and 61 are with their other End hung on a plastic part 62 or 63, the each on the pivot lever 27 'for the movable contact 32 'are attached.
  • the springs 60 and 61 on the one hand a desired one due to its line of action and its preload Safe contact pressure reached in the switch positions.
  • the trained as a spring holding and motion control part Plastic part 62 has a molded pin 67, the guided over a sliding rib 40 'during the switching process is formed on the rocker arm 54.
  • the trained as a spring holding and motion control part Plastic part 63 has an inwardly facing pin 68, which in the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7 a wall section 69 is slidably guided.
  • the wall section 69 also serves to guide the slide switch 21 '.
  • a slide rib 40 ′ can also be attached to wall 69 here. for the pin 68 to be provided for both pivot levers 27 'in addition to the movable contacts 32' to the partition 18 provide mirror-symmetrical movement when switching.

Claims (16)

  1. Dispositif pour la commutation d'un moteur électrique, en particulier pour le freinage électrique d'un outil électrique, constitué de deux commutateurs inverseurs (19, 19', 20, 20') destinés à connecter et à déconnecter l'alimentation en courant pour le moteur électrique, à inverser la polarité d'une bobine d'inducteur ou d'une bobine d'induit du moteur électrique et à mettre en circuit ou hors circuit un circuit de freinage pour le moteur électrique; d'un organe d'actionnement (21, 21') pour le commutateur inverseur (19, 19', 20, 20'); d'un contact mobile (32, 32') prévu pour chaque commutateur inverseur (19, 19', 20, 20') et pouvant être déplacé entre un contact d'ouverture stationnaire (30, 30') et un contact de fermeture distant du contact d'ouverture afin de supprimer tout risque d'arc électrique; et d'un dispositif (40, 40') pour au moins un contact mobile (32, 32') grâce auquel ce contact peut, lors de la commutation, être guidé sur au moins une partie de sa trajectoire de déplacement,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (40, 40') assure le guidage de telle sorte que au moins un contact mobile (32) puisse être soulevé au moyen du dispositif de guidage (40), lors de la commutation suivant une phase de déplacement à glissement de contact, du contact stationnaire correspondant (28, 30), sur lequel il reposait auparavant, contre l'effet du ressort de pression (24, 25).
  2. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'organe d'actionnement (21, 21') est articulé aux deux contacts mobiles (22, 42').
  3. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'organe d'actionnement (21, 21') est relié à chaque contact mobile (32, 32') par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort (24, 25, 60, 61).
  4. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'organe d'actionnement (21') est articulé à un levier oscillant (54) qui est relié à chaque contact mobile (32') par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort de traction (60, 61).
  5. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque dispositif de guidage présente une glissière (40, 40') pour le contact mobile (32, 32') qui est limitée par des chanfreins d'arrêt (39, 39', 41, 41').
  6. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque contact mobile (32, 32') est prévu sur le côté d'un levier pivotant (27, 27').
  7. Dispositif suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le levier pivotant (27) présente une pièce en matière plastique (37) pourvue d'une arête de coulissement (38) pour la glissière (40).
  8. Dispositif suivant la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que le levier pivotant (27) est monté à rotation dans une boutonnière (33) avec du jeu latéral.
  9. Dispositif suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que sur le levier oscillant (54) est formée au moins une glissière (40') pour le contact mobile (32').
  10. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce que au moins une glissière de levier pivotant est prévue sur une paroi (11, 69) d'un boítier pour les commutateurs inverseurs (19, 19', 20, 20').
  11. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les deux commutateurs inverseurs (19, 19', 20, 20') sont disposés symétriquement dans un seul boítier (10, 10') dans des chambres séparées (12, 12', 13, 13').
  12. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'organe d'actionnement est constitué d'un curseur de commutation (21, 21').
  13. Dispositif suivant les revendications 4 et 12, caractérisé en ce que sur le curseur de commutation (21') sont prévues deux arêtes de rupture (65, 66) qui, dans la position de commutation fermée ou ouverte, peuvent être distantes du contact mobile (32').
  14. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 13, caractérisé en ce que sur chaque levier pivotant (27, 27') est prévue une pièce de retenue de ressort et de guidage (62, 63).
  15. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les ressorts de pression (24, 25, 60, 61) sont disposés entre les contacts mobiles respectifs (32, 32') et le curseur de commutation (21) ou le levier oscillant (54).
  16. Dispositif suivant la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le curseur de commutation (21, 21') est monté dans le boítier (10, 10') dans la zone d'une paroi (18, 18', 69) qui sépare les deux chambres de boítier (12, 12', 13, 13') dans lesquelles sont disposés les commutateurs inverseurs (19, 19', 20, 20').
EP95117175A 1994-12-19 1995-10-31 Dispositif pour la commutation d'un moteur électrique, en particulier pour le freinage d'un outil électrique Expired - Lifetime EP0718859B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4445339 1994-12-19
DE4445339A DE4445339A1 (de) 1994-12-19 1994-12-19 Vorrichtung für das Schalten eines Elektromotors, insbesondere zum Abbremsen eines Elektrowerkzeuges

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0718859A1 EP0718859A1 (fr) 1996-06-26
EP0718859B1 true EP0718859B1 (fr) 1998-09-30

Family

ID=6536300

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95117175A Expired - Lifetime EP0718859B1 (fr) 1994-12-19 1995-10-31 Dispositif pour la commutation d'un moteur électrique, en particulier pour le freinage d'un outil électrique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5684280A (fr)
EP (1) EP0718859B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH08315675A (fr)
AT (1) ATE171810T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4445339A1 (fr)

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DE29801195U1 (de) * 1998-01-26 1998-03-19 Kopp Heinrich Ag Elektromotorschalter
DE29802820U1 (de) * 1998-02-18 1998-04-16 Kopp Heinrich Ag Vorrichtung für das Ein- und Ausschalten eines Elektromotors, insbesondere eines Elektrowerkzeugs
US20140144763A1 (en) * 2012-11-28 2014-05-29 Jonathan Willard Justice Power Disconnect Switch
JP6144566B2 (ja) * 2013-07-26 2017-06-07 東洋電機製造株式会社 三相切替接触器
DE102013219009A1 (de) * 2013-09-20 2015-03-26 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Aktives elektrisches Bauelement
CA2931312A1 (fr) 2013-11-24 2015-05-28 HAMAMA, Yaniv Chargeur plat pour un telephone mobile
WO2017203366A1 (fr) * 2016-05-27 2017-11-30 Mobile Synergy 26 International Limited Systèmes de connexion multifonctionnels pour divers dispositifs et procédés d'utilisation associés
CN107731578B (zh) * 2017-12-01 2019-11-12 江苏创能电器有限公司 一种自动转换开关
EP3579261A1 (fr) * 2018-06-08 2019-12-11 ABB Schweiz AG Disjoncteur haute tension
DE102019115773B4 (de) * 2019-06-11 2021-11-18 Hoover Dam Technology Gmbh Schalter zum Herstellen und Trennen einer elektrischen Verbindung
CN213815887U (zh) * 2020-12-15 2021-07-27 施耐德电器工业公司 双电源转换开关
KR102506011B1 (ko) * 2020-12-28 2023-03-07 일진전기 주식회사 가스절연개폐장치용 단로기 및 접지개폐기
CN117957627A (zh) * 2021-09-15 2024-04-30 Eao控股股份公司 具有常开或常闭接触部的速动切换元件
CN113823519B (zh) * 2021-11-24 2022-03-29 深圳市汇慧鑫科技有限公司 一种便于生产装配用的注塑薄膜开关

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5684280A (en) 1997-11-04
DE59503777D1 (de) 1998-11-05
JPH08315675A (ja) 1996-11-29
EP0718859A1 (fr) 1996-06-26
DE4445339A1 (de) 1996-06-20
ATE171810T1 (de) 1998-10-15

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