EP0713928B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Natriumnitrit - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Natriumnitrit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0713928B1 EP0713928B1 EP95118544A EP95118544A EP0713928B1 EP 0713928 B1 EP0713928 B1 EP 0713928B1 EP 95118544 A EP95118544 A EP 95118544A EP 95118544 A EP95118544 A EP 95118544A EP 0713928 B1 EP0713928 B1 EP 0713928B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sodium nitrite
- sodium
- nitrate
- solution
- nitrite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/14—Alkali metal compounds
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for producing sodium nitrite from solutions with sodium nitrate.
- a method of this type is known from DE-A1 31 25 616.
- the sodium nitrite solution (approx. 25-35% NaNO 2 , 2-6% NaNO 3 , small amounts of NaHCO 3 and Na 2 SO 3 , approx. 58-72%) originating from the alkaline scrubbing of nitrogen oxide gases of the low-pressure nitric acid plant.
- H 2 O first filtered in a precoat filter to remove solid residues such as silica etc.
- the filtered so-called raw solution is largely concentrated in evaporators upon crystallization of sodium nitrite.
- the raw solution used in this process may only be evaporated to such an extent that the ratio of NaNO 2 / NaNO 3 in the salt-free mother liquor is not less than 3.
- the specification of the low-nitrate sodium nitrite solution only allows a sodium nitrate content of max. 0.3%. This necessitates the production from washed sodium nitrite salt and condensed water; ie sodium nitrite must first be crystallized out, separated off by centrifuges and washed and finally dissolved again in water.
- the invention is based, the aforementioned disadvantages to overcome and create a process that is significantly higher Allows yield of sodium nitrite at a lower cost.
- US-A-2 273 799 describes the electrochemical reduction of sodium nitrate on a porous carbon cathode which is mixed with copper or silver as a catalyst material.
- the method according to the invention differs essentially characterized by the known method that with him the filtered raw solution the electrochemical reduction (hereinafter referred to as ECR for short) introduced sodium nitrate to sodium nitrite on a cathode as described in claims 1 and 4, is subjected before the Sodium nitrite is separated off.
- ECR electrochemical reduction
- the filtered crude sodium nitrite solution cooled to -10 ° C for the electrolysis.
- the pH value should be carefully lowered slightly, just enough that none Nitrogen development occurs. This involves sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate converted into sodium nitrate.
- the electrolysis takes place in such a way that at the cathode of an electrolysis cell Nitrate ions can be selectively reduced to nitrite ions.
- the cell By construction the cell must be ensured that the in the saline existing nitrite ions on the anode are not oxidized to nitrate will.
- a reduction of the nitrate to lower oxidation levels of the Nitrogen than in the nitrite must be chosen by choosing the appropriate cathode as well can be avoided by suitable electrolysis conditions.
- the anodic oxidation of the nitrite can be carried out according to an embodiment of the Invention by means of the separation of anode and cathode space a cation exchange membrane or a diaphragm avoided will.
- the aqueous solution is in the anode compartment a mineral acid with a typical concentration of 2% to 5%, preferably sulfuric or nitric acid, which is sufficiently high Guaranteed conductivity of the anolyte.
- Water is added to the anode Reacted oxygen and hydronium ions through the diaphragm, or the cation exchange membrane get into the cathode compartment can.
- the anode itself is realized in the usual way, e.g. B. as an expanded metal electrode with a low oxygen overvoltage.
- the electrolysis can also be performed in an undivided cell. Then through Selection of the electrode material and the electrolysis conditions ensured be that there is no oxidation of the nitrite at the anode can, for example by iron anodes in alkaline electrolyte solution.
- the cathode compartment is made up of the sodium nitrite to be reacted and saline solution containing sodium nitrate.
- the nitrate ion is reduced to nitrite, with consumption of hydronium ions creates water.
- This cathode consists of one porous silver electrode with large surface area and high catalytic activity, which is a selective reduction of nitrate to nitrite at a high Current density allows. she consists from a bed of an electrical contact Metal powder or from a sintered metal plate.
- Metal powder like Sintered metal plates can also be removed by alkaline leaching of a silver-aluminum or silver-alkaline earth alloy according to the way of producing one Raney catalyst can be obtained. This alloy is made before Leaching out by grinding or producing a porous sintered metal plate brought into the appropriate form.
- the electrode is removed from the nitrite / nitrate solution flows through.
- the flow can be perpendicular or parallel to the current direction take place and ensures a sufficiently high mass transfer down to the lowest nitrate concentrations on the electrode surface.
- the electrolysis can be carried out in one step be that the nitrate content of the converted catholyte of the required Specification of low nitrate solution corresponds.
- the method according to the invention is not only suitable for improvement of the known process for the production of sodium nitrite, but also for the production of nitrite from nitrate solutions, for example from natural saltpetre can be obtained.
- the advantages of the method according to the invention are on the one hand see that the nitrite yield is maximum. For one thing, it stays in the Obtain the raw sodium nitrite delivered almost quantitatively to others is caused by the electrochemical reaction (ECR) of sodium nitrate the equivalent amount of sodium nitrite additionally generated. Thereby increases the available amount of sodium nitrite based on the nitrogen used considerable compared to the known method, and by at least 30%.
- ECR electrochemical reaction
- nitrate-free (nitrate-free) obtained with the process according to the invention Sodium nitrite solution can be added directly to 40% sodium nitrite solution and sodium nitrite salt can be processed further. This can be done in one go happen in such a way that in a sufficiently high concentration level evaporated (duplexes, triplexes) sodium nitrite solution and with solution from the electrolysis to the desired sodium nitrite concentration is set and the remaining sodium nitrite solution in the crystallizer is concentrated to salt. Crystallization, separation, drying, cooling and conditioning of the sodium nitrite salt are done in terms of process engineering as with the known method.
- a block diagram that uses the flow of such a procedure the invention is shown in the drawing.
- a raw sodium nitrite solution at the point marked with arrow 1, which still contains 2 to 6% by weight of sodium nitrate, the filtration 2 fed.
- the filtration 2 After the filtration, part of this solution becomes directly the Electrolysis 3 supplied according to the invention.
- the resulting sodium nitrite solution is partially evaporated in a concentration level 4 and then with a branched off via line 5 after electrolysis 3 Stream mixed in a mixer 6.
- the resulting low-nitrite solution (S) with a content of 39 to 41 wt .-% sodium nitrite subtracted at 7.
- Part of the resulting in concentration level 4 Solution is fed via line 8 to a crystallization stage 9.
- the resulting salt is separated in the separation stage 10.
- the remaining mother liquor is via line 11 in the crystallization stage 9 returned.
- the sodium nitrite salt separated in the separation stage 10 is dried in drying stage 12, cooled and conditioned and subtracted at 13.
- Part of the filtered raw solution is fed via line 14 to a further concentration stage 15.
- the resulting nitrite solution which still has a sodium nitrate content of 6 to 10 wt .-%, is in a mixer 16 with a subset the crude nitrite solution drawn off after the filtration 2 through line 17 mixed.
- the resulting nitrite solution has a sodium nitrite content from 39 to 41% by weight and a sodium nitrate content of 2 to 4 % By weight. It is deducted at 21.
- nitrite solution Part of that at the concentration level 4 resulting nitrite solution is via line 19 to a mixer 20 fed where they are via line 18 with a portion of filtered crude solution is united. This creates a nitrite solution with 39 to 41 % By weight sodium nitrite and 1 to 2% by weight sodium nitrate, which was subtracted at 21 becomes.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Description
Claims (4)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung von Natriumnitrit aus Lösungen mit Natriumnitrat durch Elektrolyse in einer Zelle, in die die Natriumnitrat enthaltende Lösung durch eine Kathode eingeführt wird, die aus einer porösen Elektrode großer Oberfläche und großer katalytischer Aktivität besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kathode aus einer mit elektrischem Kontakt versehenen Schüttung oder einer Sintermetallplatte aus Silbermetallpulver besteht, die durch alkalisches Auslaugen einer Silber-Aluminium oder Silber-Erdalkalilegierung gewonnen wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Material für die Schüttung oder Sintermetallplatte nach dem Raney-Verfahren gewonnen wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Legierung vor dem Auslaugen durch Mahlen oder Herstellung einer Sintermetallplatte in die entsprechende Form gebracht wird.
- Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, bei der die Zelle zur Durchführung der Elektrolyse mit einer Kathode versehen ist, die aus einer porösen Elektrode großer Oberfläche oder großer katalytischer Aktivität besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kathode aus einer Schüttung oder einer Sintermetallplatte besteht, die durch alkalisches Auslaugen einer Silber-Aluminium oder Silber-Erdalkalilegierung hergestellt worden ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4441937 | 1994-11-24 | ||
DE4441937A DE4441937A1 (de) | 1994-11-24 | 1994-11-24 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Natriumnitrit |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0713928A1 EP0713928A1 (de) | 1996-05-29 |
EP0713928B1 true EP0713928B1 (de) | 1998-06-17 |
Family
ID=6534101
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95118544A Expired - Lifetime EP0713928B1 (de) | 1994-11-24 | 1995-11-24 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Natriumnitrit |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0713928B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4441937A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020198726A1 (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-01 | Kemin Industries, Inc. | Compositions of electrochemically reduced plant-based extracts for curing meat and related methods |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE174737C (de) * | ||||
US2273799A (en) * | 1938-12-17 | 1942-02-17 | Nat Carbon Co Inc | Process for electrolytic reduction |
DE2940186C2 (de) * | 1978-10-06 | 1986-09-18 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo K.K., Osaka | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nitriten |
DE3125616C2 (de) | 1980-07-05 | 1994-05-11 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von festen Alkalinitriten |
DE3729669A1 (de) * | 1987-09-04 | 1989-03-16 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von alkalimetallnitraten |
-
1994
- 1994-11-24 DE DE4441937A patent/DE4441937A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-11-24 EP EP95118544A patent/EP0713928B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-24 DE DE59502587T patent/DE59502587D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59502587D1 (de) | 1998-07-23 |
EP0713928A1 (de) | 1996-05-29 |
DE4441937A1 (de) | 1996-05-30 |
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