EP0706713B1 - Lampe a halogenures metalliques a decharge sous haute pression - Google Patents

Lampe a halogenures metalliques a decharge sous haute pression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0706713B1
EP0706713B1 EP94918286A EP94918286A EP0706713B1 EP 0706713 B1 EP0706713 B1 EP 0706713B1 EP 94918286 A EP94918286 A EP 94918286A EP 94918286 A EP94918286 A EP 94918286A EP 0706713 B1 EP0706713 B1 EP 0706713B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
lamp according
per
light
metal halide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94918286A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0706713A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Genz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH filed Critical Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Publication of EP0706713A1 publication Critical patent/EP0706713A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0706713B1 publication Critical patent/EP0706713B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/025—Associated optical elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
    • H01J61/827—Metal halide arc lamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/84—Lamps with discharge constricted by high pressure
    • H01J61/86—Lamps with discharge constricted by high pressure with discharge additionally constricted by close spacing of electrodes, e.g. for optical projection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp with an average arc power between 100 and 180 W per mm arc length according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Metal halide high-pressure discharge lamps of this type are used in particular for glass fiber lighting systems in medicine (endoscopy) and technology (boroscopy), where light with color temperatures between 4500 and 7000 K and good to very good color rendering in all color temperature ranges as well as high illuminance levels are required.
  • a low-loss coupling of the light into the glass fiber bundle requires good focusing, ie a focus diameter that is less than or at most equal to the usable diameter of the glass fiber bundle.
  • the arc core is essentially imaged by a reflector or another optical system. Now the light emitted by the arc core does not contain all spectral components of the total emitted by the lamp Light, the color rendering property of the focused light may deteriorate compared to that of the unfocused light. It is therefore of great importance to find filling components for use in the focusing systems mentioned that emit in the hot arc core and not only in the cooler edge of the arc.
  • Metal halide high-pressure discharge lamps with similarly short arcs and correspondingly high luminance are known from EP 0193 086, which emit light with good color rendering properties.
  • the fillings of these lamps contain cadmium.
  • the toxic heavy metal cadmium must be returned to the raw material cycle after the end of the lamp life or disposed of properly, which is associated with corresponding costs in both cases.
  • the lamps with Cd filling have a disturbing green tint, and the color locus lies above the Planck curve.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp which has a very short arc with a very high luminance and has a color temperature between 4500 and 7000 K at a color location near the Planck curve, good color rendering, in particular also in combination with a highly focused Reflector or other optical system and achieves this goal with a cadmium-free filling.
  • the metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention is operated at specific arc powers between 100 and 180 W per mm arc length. With the compact geometric dimensions of the lamp - very short electrode spacing (a few mm) - and small vessel volume (a few tenths of a ml) - this corresponds to wall loads of 70-120 W per cm 2 wall area of the discharge vessel. By means of the filling components of the discharge vessel according to the invention, average luminance values of 25-75 kcd per cm 2 arc area are achieved, which can be focused on a light spot whose diameter is less than 10 mm with the aid of a reflector or other optical system.
  • the particular value of the invention is that the good to very good color rendering (Ra ⁇ 75) is retained even after focusing, the color location being close to the Planck curve, and this is achieved with a fill that is based on what has been used up to now dispenses with toxic cadmium.
  • Dysprosium (Dy), hafnium (Hf), lithium (Li) and indium (In) are added to the filling of the lamp according to the invention, which consists of mercury, at least one noble gas and at least one halogen.
  • the fill quantities in ⁇ mol per ml vessel volume are advantageously between 0.3 and 3 for Dy, Hf and Li and between 0.2 and 2 for In.
  • Dysprosium ensures a high radiation flux in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum and also contributes to the continuum portion.
  • Hafnium also creates a multi-line spectrum and also reduces the tendency to devitrification by building a reinforced halogen jacket on the piston wall.
  • the high vapor pressure of the hafnium halides also reduces the tendency towards blackening of the bulbs and consequently increases the usable luminous flux during the lamp life.
  • Lithium and indium increase the radiation flow, especially in the red and blue parts of the optical spectral range.
  • the emitted light has a spectral composition that comes very close to that of Planck's radiation, i.e. has good to very good color rendering properties.
  • light with a color temperature between 4500 and 7000 K can be generated.
  • the lamp according to the invention is preferably used in dichroic special reflectors which essentially depict the inner arc core.
  • dichroic special reflectors which essentially depict the inner arc core.
  • the discharge vessel can additionally contain up to 3 ⁇ mol cesium per cm 3 vessel volume.
  • iodine and bromine are advantageously used in a molar ratio between 0.3 and 1.5.
  • the lamp contains mercury of typically a few tens to a few hundred ⁇ mol per cm 3 of vessel volume and an inert gas, for example argon, as the base gas.
  • the filling pressure of the rare gas in the cold lamp is less than atmospheric pressure - typically a few 10 kPa - so that safe handling is possible in this case.
  • the pressure range is high enough that undesired evaporation of the tungsten electrodes and thus blackening of the discharge vessel is largely prevented during ignition.
  • the metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention is preferably used in a reflector permanently connected to the lamp, but it is also possible to use the lamp without a firmly connected reflector.
  • FIG. 1 shows a metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp 2 permanently installed in a reflector 1 with a power consumption of 270 W.
  • the lamp 2 lies with its axis in the axis of the reflector 1. While one electrode shaft 3 is fastened in the ceramic base 5 by means of cement 4, the other electrode shaft 6 is held on the ceramic end ring 8 of the reflector 1 by copper strips 7 which simultaneously serve as current leads.
  • the metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp 2 has a discharge vessel 9, the volume of which is 0.35 cm 3 .
  • the electrodes 10, 11 are connected to the power supply lines 14, 15 at a distance of 2.2 mm via molybdenum foils 12, 13 which are melted down in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • a power connection 16 is mounted in the base 5, the other (not visible here) on the end ring 8 of the reflector 1.
  • the reflector 1 In the focal plane, the reflector 1 generates an essentially circular light spot of the light output ⁇ with an almost Gaussian spatial distribution of the illuminance E (r).
  • E (r ) 2 ⁇ ⁇ r 0 2nd ⁇ e -2 r 2nd / r 0 2nd
  • r is the radial coordinate
  • r o is the radius of the light spot.
  • the opening angle of the Beam caustic in the area of the focus is approx. 60 °. Almost the entire luminous flux can thus be efficiently coupled into thin glass fiber bundles, whereby the usable diameter of the glass fiber bundle can be as small as 4 mm, provided the acceptance angle of the bundle is at least 60 °.
  • the following table shows a filling according to the invention of the discharge vessel 9 of the lamp 2 from FIG. 1 and the lighting data obtained for this lamp (color rendering index Ra for lamp 2 including reflector 1).
  • the balanced spectral composition of the light emitted from the arc core - a prerequisite for good color rendering when using a focusing reflector - is documented in FIG. 2.
  • Two emission spectra of the lamp described in FIG. 1, measured with the aid of a spectrometer, are shown in the spectral range between 250 and 925 nm. They originate from the light of the arc core A or the lower arc edge B and clarify the positional dependence of the spectral composition of the emitted light.
  • the relative light intensity is plotted in relative units on the ordinate and the wavelength in nanometers (nm) on the abscissa.
  • the spectral resolution of the spectrometer used is approximately 1.5 nm.

Landscapes

  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Lampe à halogénures métalliques à décharge sous haute pression (2), appropriée notamment au montage dans des sytèmes optiques (1), fonctionnant à des puissances d'arc spécifiques comprises entre 100 et 180 W par mm de longueur d'arc. Pour la formation d'halogénures métalliques, le récipient à décharge (9) contient, pour un volume de 1 cm3, entre 0,3 et 3 νmol, repectivement de dysprosium, d'hafnium et de lithium, et entre 0,2 et 2 νmol d'indium, ce qui permet d'obtenir des luminances comprises entre 25 et 75 kcd/cm2, pour des températures de couleur comprises entre 4500 et 7000 K. Au moyen d'un réflecteur spécial (1), on obtient des spots lumineux d'environ 4mm de diamètre et un indice du rendu des couleurs Ra, de 80. Il est ainsi possible d'utiliser la lampe en combinaison avec de minces faisceaux de fibres de verre, à des fins d'éclairage, par exemple, pour l'endoscopie.

Claims (7)

  1. Lampe (2) aux halogénures à décharge à haute pression ayant une puissance d'arc moyenne comprise entre 100 et 180 W par mm de longueur d'arc, destinée notamment à être montée dans des systèmes optiques (1), comportant une enceinte (9) de décharge en un matériau transparent à la lumière et résistant aux hautes températures, deux électrodes (10, 11) résistant aux hautes températures et une atmosphère constituée de mercure, d'au moins un gaz rare, d'au moins un halogène, ainsi que de métaux supplémentaires, qui forment des halogénures métalliques, caractérisée en ce que, pour produire de la lumière ayant une température de couleur comprise entre 4500 et 7000 K et des luminances comprises entre 25 et 75 kcd/cm2, l'atmosphère renferme du dysprosium, du hafnium, du lithium et de l'indium comme métaux formant des halogénures.
  2. Lampe suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la quantité de remplissage du dysprosium, du hafnium et du lithium est comprise entre 0,3 et 3 µmol par cm3 du volume de l'enceinte.
  3. Lampe suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la quantité de remplissage de l'indium est comprise entre 0,2 et 2 µmol par cm3 du volume de l'enceinte.
  4. Lampe suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'enceinte de décharge renferme de plus du césium jusqu'à 3 µmol par cm3 du volume de l'enceinte.
  5. Lampe suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'enceinte de décharge renferme de l'iode et du brome comme halogènes pour les combinaisons d'halogénures.
  6. Lampe suivant la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le rapport molaire de l'iode et du brome est compris entre 0,3 et 1,5.
  7. Lampe suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que lampe forme une unité avec un réflecteur optique qui donne une concentration, qui produit dans le plan de son foyer une tâche lumineuse ayant un diamètre compris entre 3 mm et 10 mm, un coefficient de rendu des couleurs de la lumière Ra > ou = 75 étant obtenu.
EP94918286A 1993-07-02 1994-06-20 Lampe a halogenures metalliques a decharge sous haute pression Expired - Lifetime EP0706713B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4322115A DE4322115A1 (de) 1993-07-02 1993-07-02 Metallhalogenid-Hochruckentladungslampe
DE4322115 1993-07-02
PCT/DE1994/000702 WO1995001648A1 (fr) 1993-07-02 1994-06-20 Lampe a halogenures metalliques a decharge sous haute pression

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0706713A1 EP0706713A1 (fr) 1996-04-17
EP0706713B1 true EP0706713B1 (fr) 1997-11-05

Family

ID=6491844

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94918286A Expired - Lifetime EP0706713B1 (fr) 1993-07-02 1994-06-20 Lampe a halogenures metalliques a decharge sous haute pression

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5668441A (fr)
EP (1) EP0706713B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2817804B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1049067C (fr)
DE (2) DE4322115A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995001648A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6070985A (en) * 1996-11-22 2000-06-06 Remote Source Lighting International, Inc. Multiport illuminator for light guides
JPH10283993A (ja) * 1997-04-03 1998-10-23 Matsushita Electron Corp メタルハライドランプ
JP3200575B2 (ja) * 1997-09-01 2001-08-20 フェニックス電機株式会社 メタルハライドランプ
US6479946B2 (en) * 1999-03-05 2002-11-12 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method and system for driving high pressure mercury discharge lamp, and image projector
CN1169190C (zh) * 1999-11-11 2004-09-29 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 高压放电灯
JP2001185080A (ja) * 1999-12-27 2001-07-06 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp 高圧放電ランプ、高圧放電ランプ装置および照明装置
US6517404B1 (en) 2001-03-08 2003-02-11 Advanced Lighting Technologies, Inc. High intensity discharge lamps, arc tubes and methods of manufacture
US20040014391A1 (en) * 2001-03-08 2004-01-22 Abbas Lamouri High intensity discharge lamps, arc tubes and methods of manufacture
JP2008507091A (ja) * 2004-07-13 2008-03-06 アドバンスド ライティング テクノロジイズ，インコーポレイティド 高輝度放電ランプ、発光管およびその製造方法
EP1875489B1 (fr) * 2005-03-31 2016-07-13 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Lampe a decharge de haute intensite
WO2007076141A2 (fr) * 2005-12-27 2007-07-05 Advanced Lighting Technologies, Inc. Source de lumiere de projection et procedes de fabrication
US7486026B2 (en) * 2006-11-09 2009-02-03 General Electric Company Discharge lamp with high color temperature
EP2168142A1 (fr) * 2007-07-16 2010-03-31 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Lampe à décharge haute pression
CN103718651B (zh) * 2011-12-08 2015-05-13 奥林巴斯医疗株式会社 光源装置、光源装置的控制方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3761758A (en) * 1972-01-27 1973-09-25 Gte Sylvania Inc Metal halide lamp containing mercury, light emitting metal, sodium and another alkali metal
DE3506295A1 (de) * 1985-02-22 1986-08-28 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München Kompakte hochdruckentladungslampe
DE4132530A1 (de) * 1991-09-30 1993-04-01 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Hochdruckentladungslampe kleiner leistung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5668441A (en) 1997-09-16
JPH08506450A (ja) 1996-07-09
JP2817804B2 (ja) 1998-10-30
CN1049067C (zh) 2000-02-02
EP0706713A1 (fr) 1996-04-17
DE4322115A1 (de) 1995-01-12
DE59404543D1 (de) 1997-12-11
WO1995001648A1 (fr) 1995-01-12
CN1126528A (zh) 1996-07-10

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