EP0706245B1 - Elément de protection contre les surtensions - Google Patents

Elément de protection contre les surtensions Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0706245B1
EP0706245B1 EP95114840A EP95114840A EP0706245B1 EP 0706245 B1 EP0706245 B1 EP 0706245B1 EP 95114840 A EP95114840 A EP 95114840A EP 95114840 A EP95114840 A EP 95114840A EP 0706245 B1 EP0706245 B1 EP 0706245B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrodes
protection element
overvoltage protection
blow
element according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95114840A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0706245A2 (fr
EP0706245A3 (fr
Inventor
Holger Dr.-Ing. Altmaier
Klaus Prof. Dr.Ing. Scheibe
Eberhard Dipl.-Ing. Lehmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19944435968 external-priority patent/DE4435968C2/de
Priority claimed from DE4439730A external-priority patent/DE4439730C2/de
Application filed by Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP99102644A priority Critical patent/EP0920098B1/fr
Publication of EP0706245A2 publication Critical patent/EP0706245A2/fr
Publication of EP0706245A3 publication Critical patent/EP0706245A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0706245B1 publication Critical patent/EP0706245B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel
    • H01T4/14—Arcing horns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel

Definitions

  • Surge protection elements of the type from which the invention is based that is to say those with an air breakdown spark gap, now have overvoltage protection elements with an air flashover spark gap the advantage of a higher one Surge current carrying capacity, but the disadvantage of a higher one - and not particularly constant - response voltage.
  • the present invention is based on the object, with regard to its overvoltage protection behavior again improved surge protection element specify.
  • the surge protection element according to the invention is now characterized in that that within the housing several preferably a plurality of each Quenching plate arrangements having quenching plates are provided and that two quenching plate arrangements on opposite sides of the electrodes - with Distance to the electrodes - are arranged.
  • the configuration according to the invention has the advantage that the lightning impulse current is decoupled from the line follow current, so that hereby the surge protection behavior of the surge protection element according to the invention is further improved.
  • the overvoltage protection element 1 shown in Figures 1 to 12 is used for Derivation of transient overvoltages and to limit surge currents and consists in its essential structure of two electrodes 2, one between the electrodes 2 effective air breakdown spark gap 3 and one the electrodes 2 receiving housing 4.
  • Each electrode 2 has a connecting leg 5 and a spark horn running at an acute angle to the connecting leg 5 6 on.
  • the tip refers Angle between the connecting leg 5 and the spark horn 6 on the functional surface of the spark horn 6.
  • the spark horns 6 of the two - at a distance from each other arranged - electrodes 2 together form the air breakdown spark gap 3.
  • the spark horns 6 are the electrodes 2 in their areas adjacent to the connecting leg 5 with a parallel to the connecting legs 5 extending holes 7 provided in the embodiment are realized in the center of the spark horns 6 of the electrodes 2 (cf. 4 and 5 in particular).
  • the figures show that in the illustrated embodiment the spark horns 6 of the electrodes 2 on both sides with a chamfer 8 are provided, are convex on their mutually facing sides and on their sides facing away from one another with the spark horns transverse to the longitudinal extent 6 extending slots 9 are provided; instead of the shown transverse Slots 9 are also possible.
  • the chamfering of the spark horns 6 of the electrodes 2 prevents material abrasion on the edges of the Spark horns 6 is coming.
  • the spark horns 6 to form the electrodes 2 on their sides facing one another in a convex manner to the fact that the resulting after a response of the overvoltage protection element 1 Arc arises preferably in the center of the spark horns 6 and runs centrally to the ends or tips of the spark horns 6.
  • the slots 9 With which the spark horns 6 of the electrodes 2 on their sides facing away from each other are provided, it is finally achieved that the current to the arch of the Arc exactly the contour of the V-shaped air breakdown spark gap 3 must understand. This results on the opposite electrode 2 magnetic blowing of the arc at its base.
  • Have the slots 9 moreover the advantage that the remaining material is particularly effective Heat sink works; the spark horns are therefore vented at the same time 6 of the electrodes 2 from behind.
  • an ignition aid which triggers a sliding discharge 10 is provided, which preferably consists of an insulating material which is used in the event of a change in state, for example heating, no carbon in detrimental function Provides dimensions, and slightly, preferably 0.1 mm or more, in the air breakdown spark gap formed by the spark horns 6 of the electrodes 2 3 protrudes; the ignition aid 10 actually projects into the center of the bores 7 into the air breakdown spark gap 3. Otherwise, the ignition aid 10 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, on their air breakdown spark gap 3 facing V-shaped side and with one into the air breakdown spark gap 3 reaching narrow slot 11 provided. The slot 11 in the Ignition aid 10 has a positive influence on the response voltage.
  • Surge protection elements 1 also apply to the spark horns 6 of the electrodes 2 adjacent housing covers 13 made of electrically conductive material, preferably consists of erosion-resistant material, in particular of copper tungsten. It is then the distance between the ends of the housing cover 13 adjacent Spark horns 6 of the electrodes 2 and the housing cover 13 are chosen so that between the ends of the spark horns 6 adjacent to the housing cover 13 and the Housing cover 13 arcs can occur. Through those described above Measures migrates after the overvoltage protection element has responded 1 arcs initially created from the ignition area to the tips of the Spark horns 6.
  • the second, lower bore 7 is effective when the ignition aid 10 between the connecting legs 5 of the electrodes 2 burned down.
  • the second hole 7 thus serves as a kind of security that the overvoltage protection element 1 also works in such a case.
  • FIG. 7 to 10 in constructive detail a preferred embodiment of an overvoltage protection element 1. It should first be pointed out that in FIGS. 1 to 6 the electrodes 2 are shown so that the air breakdown spark gap 3 opens from the bottom up. In contrast, in terms of constructive details in FIGS. 7 to 10 illustrated embodiment and in the Embodiment according to FIGS. 11 and 12, the electrodes 2 arranged so that the air breakdown spark gap 3 opens from top to bottom. For the rest are 7 to 10 in the embodiment shown in constructive detail Surge protection element 1, the functionally essential elements, that is Electrodes 2 with the spark horns 6 and the ignition aid 10 are essentially designed as described above in connection with FIGS. 1 to 6 in detail has been so that relevant statements in connection with FIG. 7th to 10 spare. 7 to 10 show above all structural details in relation on the housing 4.
  • the housing 4 is a specially designed housing cover 13 assigned.
  • This housing cover 13 has a dome-like shape 14 into which a holder 15 receiving the electrodes 2 is inserted.
  • the housing cover 13 is connected to the actual housing 2 by internal screws 16.
  • the housing 4 at least partially consists of a Plastic consists of no carbon when heated or burned emits or is at least partially lined with such a plastic.
  • the housing 4 thus has a lining 17 made of a plastic which does not give off carbon when heated or burned.
  • the spark horns 6 of the electrodes 2 adjacent housing cover 13 consists of electrically conductive material
  • the distance between the Housing cover 13 adjacent ends of the spark horns 6 of the electrodes 2 and the housing cover 13 is selected so that between the housing cover 13 adjacent Ends of the spark horns 6 and the housing cover 13 arcs arise can.
  • an insert 19 made of electrical conductive material, again preferably made of erosion-resistant material is.
  • FIGS. 7 to 9 show that the housing 4 and accordingly, the housing cover 13 - is designed asymmetrically.
  • the screws 16 with which the Housing cover 13 is connected to the housing 4 on the other hand connector body 20th for connecting electrical lines, not shown.
  • Below the screws 16, with which the housing cover 13 is connected to the housing 14 Blow-out openings 21 realized.
  • Quenching plate arrangement 23 is provided.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that the lightning impulse current from Mains sequence current is decoupled.
  • Surge protection element with three quenching plate arrangements provided, namely with a quenching plate arrangement opposite the connecting elements far ends of the electrodes and with two quenching plate arrangements the opposite sides of the electrodes.
  • quenching plates 22 are made of ferromagnetic Material, preferably made of iron. That came about of the forces driving the arc into the quenching plate assemblies 23 explained themselves when using quenching plates 22 made of ferromagnetic material from the endeavor of the magnetic flux surrounding a current-carrying conductor, if possible from the magnetically much better than air-conducting extinguishing plates 22 To bleed iron; the arc is therefore from a quenching plate arrangement 23, whose quenching plates 22 are made of ferromagnetic material.
  • iron extinguishing plates 22 with a surface coating to be made of corrosion-resistant material, preferably of Silver or nickel.
  • the quenching plates 22 of the surge protection element 1 a rectangular cross-section, with a ratio of length to width from about 4: 1 to about 2: 1, preferably from about 3: 1.
  • FIG. 11 shows a preferred embodiment of an inventive one Surge protection element 1, as the connection elements of the electrodes 2, so here the connecting leg 5 of the electrodes 2, each with one current loop 24 assigned to connecting leg 5 next to quenching plate 22 are provided.
  • the current loops 24 are U-shaped and with their open Sides arranged away from the electrodes 2. This way - without this measure occurring - forces originating from the flowing current "neutralized”.

Landscapes

  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Elément de protection contre des surtensions pour dévier des surtensions transitoires, comprenant deux électrodes (2), un éclateur de perforation à air (3) actif entre les électrodes (2) et un boítier (4) dans lequel viennent se loger les électrodes (2), chaque électrode (2) présentant un élément de connexion, de préférence une branche de connexion (5) et une corne (6) s'étendant de préférence en formant un angle aigu par rapport à l'élément de connexion, et les cornes (6) des deux électrodes (2) - disposées à distance l'une de l'autre - formant ensemble l'éclateur de perforation à air (3), caractérisé en ce qu'à l'intérieur du boítier (4), sont présents des agencements de tôles de désamorçage (23) présentant plusieurs, de préférence respectivement une multitude de tôles de désamorçage (22), et en ce que deux agencements de tôles de désamorçage (23) sont disposés sur les côtés des électrodes se détournant l'un de l'autre - à distance des électrodes (2) -.
  2. Elément de protection contre des surtensions selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un agencement de tôles de désamorçage est disposé face aux extrémités des électrodes (2) éloignées des éléments de connexion.
  3. Elément de protection contre des surtensions selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les tôles de désamorçage (22) sont constituées d'une matière ferromagnétique, de préférence de fer.
  4. Elément de protection contre des surtensions selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les tôles de désamorçage (22) sont munies d'un revêtement superficiel constitué d'un métal résistant à la corrosion, de préférence d'argent ou de nickel.
  5. Elément de protection contre des surtensions selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les tôles de désamorçage (22) présentent une section transversale rectangulaire, de préférence une section transversale possédant un rapport de la longueur à la largeur d'environ 4:1 à environ 2:1, de préférence d'environ 3 : 1.
  6. Elément de protection contre des surtensions selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de connexion des électrodes (2) sont munis respectivement d'une boucle de courant (24) attribuée à la tôle de désamorçage (22) la plus proche de l'élément de connexion.
  7. Elément de protection contre des surtensions selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les boucles de courant (24) sont réalisées en U et sont disposées en étant orientées de telle sorte que leurs côtés ouverts se détournent des électrodes (2).
  8. Elément de protection contre des surtensions selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la zone inférieure de l'éclateur de perforation à air (3) forme un angle inclus d'environ 10° à 40°, de préférence d'environ 20° à 30°.
  9. Elément de protection contre des surtensions selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les zones des cornes (8, 9) tournées l'une vers l'autre sont réalisées essentiellement en continu.
  10. Elément de protection contre des surtensions selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'éclateur de perforation à air (3) s'ouvre directement dans un orifice à soufflage se trouvant dans le boítier (4).
  11. Elément de protection contre des surtensions selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'agencement de tôles de désamorçage est disposé dans ou de préférence immédiatement en position contiguë à l'éclateur de perforation à air (3).
  12. Elément de protection contre des surtensions selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que l'agencement de tôles de désamorçage est disposé dans la zone de l'orifice à soufflage.
EP95114840A 1994-10-07 1995-09-21 Elément de protection contre les surtensions Expired - Lifetime EP0706245B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99102644A EP0920098B1 (fr) 1994-10-07 1995-09-21 Dispositif de protection contre les surtensions

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4435968 1994-10-07
DE19944435968 DE4435968C2 (de) 1994-10-07 1994-10-07 Überspannungsschutzelement
DE4437094 1994-10-17
DE4437094 1994-10-17
DE4439730A DE4439730C2 (de) 1994-10-17 1994-11-09 Überspannungsschutzelement
DE4439730 1994-11-09

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99102644.4 Division-Into 1999-02-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0706245A2 EP0706245A2 (fr) 1996-04-10
EP0706245A3 EP0706245A3 (fr) 1996-09-11
EP0706245B1 true EP0706245B1 (fr) 2000-06-07

Family

ID=27206854

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95114840A Expired - Lifetime EP0706245B1 (fr) 1994-10-07 1995-09-21 Elément de protection contre les surtensions

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5754385A (fr)
EP (1) EP0706245B1 (fr)
AT (2) ATE250289T1 (fr)
ES (2) ES2148390T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0793318A1 (fr) * 1996-03-01 1997-09-03 Felten & Guilleaume Austria Ag Dispositif dérivateur de surtensions
FR2770939B1 (fr) * 1997-11-12 2000-01-28 Soule Materiel Electr Dispositif eclateur pour la protection de lignes electriques et/ou d'appareils electriques contre des surtensions temporaires
DE10008764A1 (de) * 1999-03-04 2000-09-28 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung
WO2002043208A1 (fr) * 2000-11-24 2002-05-30 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Derivateur de surtension encapsule dote d'au moins un eclateur
DE10060426B4 (de) * 2000-11-24 2004-04-15 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Gekapselter Überspannungsableiter mit mindestens einer Funkenstrecke
CN1555597B (zh) * 2001-09-17 2010-08-18 财团法人电力中央研究所 角形避雷装置
DE10164232A1 (de) * 2001-12-31 2003-07-17 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co Mehrpoliges Überspannungsschutzsystem und verfahren zum sicheren Betrieb eines mehrpoligen Überspannungsschutzsystems
FR2843243B1 (fr) * 2002-08-05 2004-11-05 Soule Protection Surtensions Dispositif de protection d'un reseau de distribution d'energie electrique
US20070183112A1 (en) * 2004-02-02 2007-08-09 Kojiro Kato Spark gap arrestor
DE102005060096B4 (de) * 2004-12-17 2008-01-17 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Gekapselter Überspannungsableiter für den Einsatz als Netzfunkenstrecke im Niederspannungsbereich mit getrennten, elektrisch in Reihe geschalteten Funktionseinheiten
DE102005015401B4 (de) 2005-01-10 2014-03-20 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Überspannungsableiter mit zwei divergierenden Elektroden und einer zwischen den Elektroden wirkenden Funkenstrecke
CN101782603B (zh) * 2010-03-08 2012-06-13 华北电力大学 一种平板型vfto测量传感器
DE102011123020B3 (de) * 2010-08-04 2016-10-27 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Hörnerfunkenstrecke mit Deionkammer
US8395875B2 (en) 2010-08-13 2013-03-12 Andrew F. Tresness Spark gap apparatus
CN102707131B (zh) * 2012-05-18 2014-07-09 华北电力大学 一种高灵敏度介质窗vfto自动测量系统
DE102016115223B4 (de) * 2015-11-10 2022-02-17 Dehn Se + Co Kg Hörnerfunkenstrecke mit Deionkammer in nichtausblasender Bauform
DE102018117275B3 (de) 2018-05-24 2019-07-04 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Nichtrotationssymmetrische Hörnerfunkenstrecke mit Deionkammer
EP3644462B1 (fr) * 2018-10-22 2021-12-01 ABB Schweiz AG Dispositif de protection de courant de décharge avec une direction d'échappement transversale

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CH519807A (de) * 1970-05-12 1972-02-29 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Funkenstreckenanordnung eines magnetisch beblasenen Überspannungsableiters
US3978300A (en) * 1975-02-11 1976-08-31 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Low-voltage circuit-breaker having small contact separation and small gap between cooperating parallel-arranged arcing-rails
DE2718188C3 (de) 1977-04-23 1984-07-05 Dehn + Söhne GmbH + Co KG, 8500 Nürnberg Überspannungsschutzgerät
DE2841004C2 (de) * 1978-09-21 1980-10-02 Licentia Gmbh Leitungsschutzschalter mit zusätzlicher Blasschleife
DE2934236C2 (de) 1979-08-24 1983-02-24 Aeg-Telefunken Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 6000 Frankfurt Überspannungsableiter mit Funkenstrecke
DE3101354C2 (de) 1981-01-17 1984-11-29 Dehn + Söhne GmbH + Co KG, 8500 Nürnberg Funkenstrecke für die Begrenzung von Überspannungen
SE448794B (sv) * 1983-07-04 1987-03-16 Asea Ab Strombegrensande elkopplare
DE3716997A1 (de) * 1987-05-21 1988-12-08 Phoenix Elekt Ueberspannungsschutzgeraet
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DE4141681C2 (de) 1991-12-17 1996-11-14 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co Überspannungsschutzelement
DE4244051C2 (de) 1992-12-28 1996-03-14 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co Überspannungsschutzelement
DE4402615C3 (de) 1993-05-31 2000-01-05 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co Überspannungsschutzelement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2148390T3 (es) 2000-10-16
ATE193789T1 (de) 2000-06-15
ES2207875T3 (es) 2004-06-01
ATE250289T1 (de) 2003-10-15
US5754385A (en) 1998-05-19
EP0706245A2 (fr) 1996-04-10
EP0706245A3 (fr) 1996-09-11

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