EP0703343A1 - Feuerfeste Verglasungsabschluss - Google Patents

Feuerfeste Verglasungsabschluss Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0703343A1
EP0703343A1 EP95114952A EP95114952A EP0703343A1 EP 0703343 A1 EP0703343 A1 EP 0703343A1 EP 95114952 A EP95114952 A EP 95114952A EP 95114952 A EP95114952 A EP 95114952A EP 0703343 A1 EP0703343 A1 EP 0703343A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fire
panel
sheets
resistant barrier
barrier according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95114952A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Vito Lorenzo Giordano
Floriano Tamanti
Giampiero Bonori
Giovanni Capitani
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ISTITUTO GIORDANO SpA
Original Assignee
ISTITUTO GIORDANO SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ISTITUTO GIORDANO SpA filed Critical ISTITUTO GIORDANO SpA
Publication of EP0703343A1 publication Critical patent/EP0703343A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
    • E06B5/16—Fireproof doors or similar closures; Adaptations of fixed constructions therefor
    • E06B5/165—Fireproof windows

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transparent, fire and heat resistant barrier, comprising a plurality of transparent sheets or panes of vitreous material, which are parallelly arranged and spaced apart from one another so as to define thermally insulating interspaces, between adjacent glass panes, in a modular unit which can be assembled in a metal support frame.
  • transparent sheets of vitreous material used herein includes any sheet formed of float glass, wired glass, bevelled glass, toughened glass, borosilicate glass, glass-ceramic or a combination thereof, provided that they are suitable for performing fire and heat resistant barriers and/or glazings in civil and industrial buildings or for any other application.
  • fire-stops i.e. able to prevent both direct spreading of the flames and overheating of the adjacent environments, avoiding, in this latter case, spreading of the fire as a result of spontaneous ignition caused by the heat irradiated through the barrier itself.
  • fire resistant barriers are not transparent and consist of metal panels containing special insulating materials, such as glass wool, ceramic fibers and the like.
  • fire-stop barriers and glazings should generally have a certain degree of fire-resistance, which is determined by suitable experimental tests complying with international standards (ISO 834 and ISO 3009) and/or national standards (UNI 7678, UNI 9723); by these tests it is possible to determine the fire-resistance of a glass element or glazing, in terms of the duration for which the glass element or glazing is able to retain a good mechanical stability and smoke-tightness, normally indicated by RE, or mechanical stability, smoke tightness and good heat insulation, normally indicated by the abbreviation REI.
  • wired glass sheets have been widely used to form fire-resistant barriers since wired glass, compared to other types of glass, is able to partly delay propagation of the smoke and flames.
  • glass in general is not effective in preventing heat passing through as a result of irradiation, which alone is able to trigger or propagate a fire beyond the same protection barrier.
  • phase-change materials which are for example gel-based and are characterised by the physical phenomenon of transition from one physical state to another one occurring at temperatures of about 90-100°C, in order to maintain these temperatures constant until the phase-change for the entire substance has been completed.
  • fire-resistant glazings or barriers are provided for example in GB-A-2,195,136, EP-A-0,389,291, GB-A-1,604,388 and US-A-3,997,700.
  • these types of barriers generally use is made of layered glass panels, in which a gel or a layer of phase change material is disposed in close contact between adjacent glass sheets.
  • fire-stop barriers proposed hitherto, and practically in use do not entirely satisfy the safety standards; furthermore, requirements of an industrial and commercial nature require elimination of the extreme complexity and reduction of the substantially high costs which are generally associated with such barriers and tend to limit their use.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a fire-resistant barrier made of vitreous material which, in addition to satisfying the requirements of classes RE, REW and REI, also retains its transparency in the event of a fire, thus providing a high degree of safety against fires and security for the protected environment.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a fire-resistant barrier as described above which could be used for exterior glazings without any particular limitation in respect to their durability and provided with good values of thermal transmittance.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a fire-resistant barrier as described above which, in addition to having the characteristics of stability, tightness, heat insulation and transparency up to the moment at which its yielding occurs, does not produce smoke with a high optical density or does not produce toxic fumes.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a fire-resistant barrier, made of vitreous material, which is constructionally simple, has a relatively low cost and which at the same time enables fire-resistant barriers and glazings of any form and dimensions to be made without the need for subsequent operations, being able to be mounted on a simple metal support structure designed for this purpose.
  • a fire-resistant barrier comprising a series of transparent sheets of vitreous material parallelly arranged and spaced apart from one another so as to form tightly closed chambers containing a gas having a thermal conductivity equal to or less than that of the air and by also providing an infrared-reflecting coating on one or both surfaces of at least one of the sheets of the barrier, an effective fire-resistant barrier which is able to satisfy the aforementioned requirements is provided.
  • a fire-resistant barrier comprising one or more modular panels 10 consisting of transparent vitreous material and assembled in a metal support frame 11 which can be formed in various ways and must satisfy predetermined safety requirements laid down by specific standards.
  • each modular panel 10 comprises a plurality of glass sheets or panes 12, three in the example shown, parallely arranged and spaced apart from one another so as to form interspaces or chambers 13 by means of suitable spacers 14 made of unburning material, for example ceramic material.
  • the sheets 12 can be made with any vitreous material suitable for the purpose and may have any variable thickness from a few millimetres to a few tens of millimetres, for example between 3 and 15 mm depending on the number of sheets which make up the panel, and the application required.
  • the interspaces 13 which are formed between adjacent sheets, in view of the arrangement of the spacers 14 between them, must have a suitable width in relation to the dimensions and thickness of the glass sheets used, as well as in relation to specific heat insulation requirements, as specified below.
  • the thickness and the interspaces 13 between adjacent panes may be of the order of a few millimetres or tens of millimetres, ranging for example between 3 and about 20 mm, or more.
  • each panel 10 which forms a module of the barrier shown in Figure 1 are joined together in a preassembled condition by means suitable for peripherally sealing the interspaces 13 between adjacent sheets, so as to form corresponding tightly closed chambers which can be filled with dehydrated air or with any suitable gas having a thermal conductivity equal to or less than that of the air, so as to improve the fire-withstanding ability and heat insulation characteristics of the barrier, while ensuring the constructional simplicity and low cost of the panel as well as ease of assembly of the said barrier.
  • Good results were obtained, for example, by making fire-resistant barriers comprising three glass sheets with a thickness of 6 mm, forming two chambers of 6 mm thickness containing air; the panes had dimensions of 50 x 50 cm.
  • Good results were also obtained using argon, krypton, sulphur hexafluoride and mixtures thereof, as the filling gas.
  • assembly of the individual glass sheet 12 which make up each panel 10 was obtained by means of an adhesive metal band 15 which was wound peripherally along the entire edge of each panel.
  • each panel 10 consists of two glass sheets 12 separated by a spacer 16 consisting of a metal band which extends on each side along the entire peripheral edge of the panel; dehydrating salts 17 are placed between the spacer 16 and a layer of silicone 18 so as to form a sealed joint along the entire peripheral edge of the chamber 13.
  • the two glass sheets 12 with the spacer 16 are assembled in a metal frame 19, arranging a strip of ceramic paper 20 between the peripheral edge of the sheets 12 and the central contact surfaces of the frame 19, as well as an intumescent felt seal 21 between the edges of the two external faces of each glass sheet 12 and the two hollow lateral sections 22 of the frame 19 of each panel.
  • a sealed chamber 13 is thus formed between two adjacent glass sheets 12, which chamber, according to a feature of the present invention, is filled with any gas or gas mixture having a thermal conductivity equal to or less than that of air, so as to improve the heat insulation and fire-resistance characteristics of the entire panel, depending on the thickness of the chamber 13 the insulating gas contained therein, as well as the reduced overall dimensions and glass mass allowed for a panel according to the invention.
  • a further feature, in the formation of fire-resistant barriers according to the invention, consists in the provision of a thin layer of a transparent and infrared-reflecting coating, indicated by 23, on one or both surfaces or faces of the glass sheets 12 of the panel, which delimit the chamber or each sealed chamber 13.
  • the infrared-reflecting coating consists of a very thin metal layer, having a thickness of some tens of nanometres, which can be deposited by means of any suitable technique, for example by sputtering, comprising any metal selected from the group consisting of aluminium, copper, gold, silver, platinum, palladium or oxides, in the pure or doped stated of the elements group consisting of: tin, indium, silicon, titanium, zirconium, aluminium and tantalum.
  • the choice of the coating metal, of oxide or the doping element will depend on specific requirements and will influence in a more or less decisive manner the reflection characteristics for the infrared radiation depending on the wavelengths of the latter.
  • nitrides In substitution of and/or in combination with a metal coating as indicated above or pure or doped oxides, it is also possible to use nitrides, carbides and/or metal sulphides or similar metal compounds.
  • each panel 10 for forming fire-resistant barriers according to the invention is characterised by the presence of several glass panes or sheets arranged at a distance so as to form one or more sealed chambers containing a gas having a thermal conductivity equal to or less than that of air, as well as by the presence of an infrared-reflecting coating on one or both faces of glass sheets which delimit each sealed chamber.
  • the total absence of phase change material between adjacent glass sheets and the absence of any layered structure in the panel enable the latter to maintain perfect visibility and transparency in any condition during the occurrence of a fire, as well as a high structural stability of each panel and the entire barrier, owing to the possibility of forming modular panels even of small dimensions.
  • the metal frame which assembles each panel, or which supports the entire barrier may constitute a heat transfer point
  • a phase change material which enables heating of the metal frame itself to be delayed may be arranged inside the cavities of the tubular sections of the metal frame.
  • assembly of the sections or of the individual panels which make up the barrier may be performed with any suitable means, for example by means of screws which enable rapid assembly and easy disassembly of the entire structure or part thereof.
  • the fire-resistant barrier may be formed in a modular manner using glass sheets of any geometrical shape, for example square, rectangular or polygonal, having limited dimensions, for example with sides having a length ranging between 30 and 50 cm, increasing in this manner the structural stability of the glass panes which, the other conditions being equal, result in a further improvement in the fire-withstanding ability of the entire barrier.
  • a fire-resistant barrier has been provided, in which no use is made of phase change material and which, therefore, is not subject to the limitations arising from the use of such materials; furthermore, in view of the modularity of the individual panels, each of which has optimum stability, fire-insulation, heat-insulation and transparency characteristics, the formation of fire-resistant barriers or glazings is extremely simplified in that large-size glazings or barriers may also be obtained from modules which use normal glass formats, performing normal standard-technology operations which are entirely similar to those commonly used in the glass industry. Therefore, during handling, transportation and storage, as well as installation of the various panels, no special precautionary measures are required, apart from those strictly required for such categories of materials. In all cases the result is a barrier or glazing which, under the same conditions of RE, REW or REI is less costly and more reliable than conventional barriers or glazings.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Special Wing (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
EP95114952A 1994-09-26 1995-09-22 Feuerfeste Verglasungsabschluss Withdrawn EP0703343A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT94FO000034A ITFO940034A1 (it) 1994-09-26 1994-09-26 Barriera tagliafuoco relaizzata mediante struttura modulare componibi- le in metallo e vetro
ITFO940034 1994-09-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0703343A1 true EP0703343A1 (de) 1996-03-27

Family

ID=11353369

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95114952A Withdrawn EP0703343A1 (de) 1994-09-26 1995-09-22 Feuerfeste Verglasungsabschluss

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0703343A1 (de)
IT (1) ITFO940034A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000037383A1 (en) * 1998-12-18 2000-06-29 Glaverbel Glazing panel
EP1390598A1 (de) * 2001-05-29 2004-02-25 Terry S. Johnson Unterdrückung von wärmestrom in isolierglaskonstruktionen
GB2412139A (en) * 2004-02-18 2005-09-21 Komfort Office Environments Fire resistant glazing

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2309680A1 (fr) * 1975-04-30 1976-11-26 Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Gen Element de construction a l'epreuve du feu, comportant un vitrage
US3997700A (en) 1973-09-17 1976-12-14 Glaverbel-Mecaniver S.A. Fireproof glasswork
US4173668A (en) 1974-12-03 1979-11-06 Bfg Glassgroup Fire-screening panel
GB1604388A (en) 1977-08-03 1981-12-09 Bfg Glassgroup Fire screening panels
GB2195136A (en) 1986-07-26 1988-03-30 Schueco Int Gmbh & Co A fire-resistant glazing assembly
GB2212546A (en) * 1987-11-20 1989-07-26 Briggs Amasco Ltd Fire-resistant mounting of panels
DE3840232A1 (de) * 1988-11-29 1990-05-31 Sommer Metallbau Stahlbau Gmbh Anschlussprofil fuer eine verglasung oder dergleichen
EP0389291A1 (de) 1989-03-23 1990-09-26 Pilkington Plc Glaslaminate
DE9014083U1 (de) * 1990-10-06 1992-02-06 Velux Industri A/S, Soeborg Mehrschichtisolierglasscheibe
EP0499868A2 (de) * 1991-02-06 1992-08-26 Flachglas Aktiengesellschaft Verglasungselement mit niedrigem Radarreflexionsgrad
EP0608457A1 (de) * 1993-01-29 1994-08-03 Schott Glaswerke Scheibenaufbau für eine Brandschutzverglasung
DE4331263A1 (de) * 1993-09-15 1995-03-16 Bischoff Glastechnik Glasscheibe und Verglasungseinheit

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3997700A (en) 1973-09-17 1976-12-14 Glaverbel-Mecaniver S.A. Fireproof glasswork
US4173668A (en) 1974-12-03 1979-11-06 Bfg Glassgroup Fire-screening panel
FR2309680A1 (fr) * 1975-04-30 1976-11-26 Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Gen Element de construction a l'epreuve du feu, comportant un vitrage
GB1604388A (en) 1977-08-03 1981-12-09 Bfg Glassgroup Fire screening panels
GB2195136A (en) 1986-07-26 1988-03-30 Schueco Int Gmbh & Co A fire-resistant glazing assembly
GB2212546A (en) * 1987-11-20 1989-07-26 Briggs Amasco Ltd Fire-resistant mounting of panels
DE3840232A1 (de) * 1988-11-29 1990-05-31 Sommer Metallbau Stahlbau Gmbh Anschlussprofil fuer eine verglasung oder dergleichen
EP0389291A1 (de) 1989-03-23 1990-09-26 Pilkington Plc Glaslaminate
DE9014083U1 (de) * 1990-10-06 1992-02-06 Velux Industri A/S, Soeborg Mehrschichtisolierglasscheibe
EP0499868A2 (de) * 1991-02-06 1992-08-26 Flachglas Aktiengesellschaft Verglasungselement mit niedrigem Radarreflexionsgrad
EP0608457A1 (de) * 1993-01-29 1994-08-03 Schott Glaswerke Scheibenaufbau für eine Brandschutzverglasung
DE4331263A1 (de) * 1993-09-15 1995-03-16 Bischoff Glastechnik Glasscheibe und Verglasungseinheit

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000037383A1 (en) * 1998-12-18 2000-06-29 Glaverbel Glazing panel
EP1752426A2 (de) * 1998-12-18 2007-02-14 Glaverbel Glaspaneel
EP1752426A3 (de) * 1998-12-18 2007-03-07 Glaverbel Glaspaneel
EP1390598A1 (de) * 2001-05-29 2004-02-25 Terry S. Johnson Unterdrückung von wärmestrom in isolierglaskonstruktionen
EP1390598A4 (de) * 2001-05-29 2005-05-25 Terry S Johnson Unterdrückung von wärmestrom in isolierglaskonstruktionen
GB2412139A (en) * 2004-02-18 2005-09-21 Komfort Office Environments Fire resistant glazing
GB2412139B (en) * 2004-02-18 2007-08-22 Komfort Office Environments Fire resistant glazing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITFO940034A0 (it) 1994-09-26
ITFO940034A1 (it) 1996-03-26

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