EP0688388B1 - Mechanical parking arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

A mechanical parking arrangement comprises at least two parking spaces. A platform (10) for at least one vehicle may be moved by a driving arrangement, is located in the parking position above at least one underlying vehicle parking space (6) and may be lowered down to a loading position (B) in which it is substantially on a level with the access path (5). On each longitudinal side of the parking arrangement is provided a guiding rail (4) which extends over a substantial part of the length of the parking arrangement, above the under lying parking space (6) and upon which is guided a front supporting element for the platform (10). Rear supporting elements are further provided upon which the platform (10) is supported in its parking position and during a first part of its descent. The guiding rails (4) at the rear end of the underlying parking space (6) substantially begin at the level of the access path (5). The platform (10) has wheels in the area of its rear end. During the second part of the platform descent, the wheels (19) lie on the access path, discharging the rear supporting elements. In its loading position, the platform (10) takes a substantially horizontal position.

Description

The present invention relates to a mechanical Parking facility with at least two parking spaces, wherein a movable by means of a drive device Platform provided for at least one vehicle which is with a vehicle parked on it is movable and in the park position above at least one vehicle parking space below located and lowered into a loading position is in which they essentially match the level of Access connects, with the on each long side Parking device a guide rail is provided which is formed essentially at the level of the driveway and essentially starting at the rear end of the lower parking space, over a substantial part of the length of the Parking facility above the lower parking space extends and the one led into it front Support element for the platform is assigned, and rear support rollers are also provided, on which the platform is in its parking position as well as during a first part of the lowering movement supports.

Such a mechanical parking facility is out known from US-A-3277978. The platform for the vehicle is guided in a total of four tours, with a guide for on each side of the platform a front jockey wheel and a guide for a rear one Jockey wheel are provided. The one for the front Support wheels and the rear support wheels provided Guides run parallel to each other, so that the platform loaded with a vehicle after the Principle of an inclined elevator can be moved in parallel can be between one behind the lower parking space arranged loading position and one above the lower Parking space arranged parking position.

The guides assigned to the front support wheels are about a vehicle length behind the rear end trained in the lower parking space; the the guides assigned to the rear support elements protrude about a further vehicle length from behind. Goes for the ramp-like guides thus lost considerable space. The well-known Parking facility for two vehicles takes about the same area as three ordinary parking spaces. This makes the well-known parking facility for unsuitable for installation in a conventional garage. In addition, the rear guides hinder that Open the vehicle doors when the vehicle is on the lowered platform into the loading position has been.

DE-B-1231875 is a mechanical parking facility with two stacking shelves known, in which the upper parking space can be accessed via a movable access ramp can. The access ramp can be used when not in use be placed in a protected position by they can be inserted under the ceiling of the lower parking space is. At the back of the ramp are wheels provided with which they can be pulled out in their Position on the driveway for the lower parking space lies on. The disadvantage of this parking facility is that the upper parking space is a relatively large height needed after the vehicle driver has moved there got to. There is also a risk that vehicles with low ground clearance at the transition from the ramp to the upper parking space.

Another mechanical parking facility is from the German Offenlegungsschrift 2455537 known. At the platform is supported in this parking facility their parking position and during a first section the lowering movement into the loading position both with essentially at the front end of the Platform arranged front support elements, such as also arranged essentially centrally on the platform rear support elements on the guide rails from. During a second section of the Lowering movements are only the front support elements in the corresponding guide rails guided while the rear support members over Link arms are supported. Through the link arms is achieved that the rear support elements the platform during the section of the lowering movement, in which they are not assigned to the Guide rails rest, approximating a linear movement be moved. The front support elements assigned guide rails essentially end at the rear end of the lower parking space halfway up, measured by the height of the platform in their park position. The platform takes in their Loading position an inclined position with an incline of approx. 10 °.

Another mechanical parking facility where the upper parking space is formed by a platform, which consists of a arranged above the lower parking space Parking position in an essentially at that Access level after loading position is lowerable, is from the German interpretation 1140697 known. Even with this parking facility the platform is supported by support elements Guide rails and takes off in their loading position a location with a considerable slope. For movement the platform from the loading position into the Park position and vice versa, the engine of the parked Vehicle by a corresponding Drive device is provided on the drive wheels of the vehicle.

Another mechanical parking facility with two stacked pitches is from the German utility model 1904755 known. The platform the upper parking space is supported by this Parking facility on two rails each, from which a pair of the front support members and a another pair of the rear support elements of the platform assigned. Even with this parking facility the platform takes up a position in its loading position with a significant inclination to the horizontal Driveway.

For all three last-mentioned parking facilities it is disadvantageous that the platform in its Loading position with considerable inclination occupies. This is not just the comfort of the driver detrimental. The inclination of the platform in the loading position also leads to a considerable Effort to meet the security requirements To take into account. Because on the one hand the platform has to be considerably wider than the vehicle to be parked, so that the driver next to the vehicle get on or off the platform of the platform can; is also closed by a railing or the like ensure that the driver is climbing or do not leave the vehicle from the side Platform crashes that is in the driver's door area at a considerable height above the level of access located. In the parking facility according to the German Utility model 1904755 is also the excavation of a Pit required for the lower parking space.

From German published application 4114746 a mechanical parking facility known in which the upper parking space is formed by a platform, which is also guided in guide rails. The Guide rails have vertical and horizontal Sections. To the platform from its parking position lower it into its loading position first horizontally backwards and then vertically move down. The opposite is the case Moving the platform from its loading position in their parking position from a vertical movement and a subsequent horizontal movement together. Disadvantageous in this parking facility are in particular the one for vertical movement of the platform vehicle parked thereon required high Power requirement of the assigned drive device and also because of the cantilevered storage extremely high rigidity required by the platform of the guide rails.

Other mechanical parking facilities are from the German utility models 8413121.7 and 9215549 as well as the German laid-open documents 3535291 and 2560463 known. The German utility model 8413121.7 discloses a mechanical Parking facility where the lower parking space is at ground level arranged and the platform on two supports is guided vertically movable. The platform can however only then lowered into their loading position if the lower parking space is not occupied. The two parking spaces are therefore not independent from each other. With the mechanical parking facility according to German Offenlegungsschrift 3535291 in contrast, two platforms arranged one above the other provided which are coupled together are movable; the two parking spaces are independent passable from each other. However, is for establishment the relevant garage a pit of considerable Digging depth. The same is true for one Garage with the from the German published application 2560463 known mechanical parking facility. From German utility model 9215549.9 finally a two-story garage with two stationary stacked pitches known, which gets by with a pit of less depth; this is achieved in that the garage door at the same time as a ramp for the upper parking space serves.

The present invention is based on the object a generic mechanical parking facility with two independently usable parking spaces to create, to build up the digging an excavation pit is not required, the Parking facility at the lowest possible cost, effort and space requirements the greatest possible requirement for comfort and should meet security.

According to the present invention, this object by the in the subordinate claims 1 and 2 specified alternative mechanical Parking facilities solved.

The inventive design of the parking facility allows the front Support elements guided in the guide rails Platform for loading or unloading completely immediately extended behind the lower parking space and there in a horizontal or essentially horizontal position is lowered. Hereby comes the parking facility according to the invention with a minimal Space available. The invention also increases comfort considerable compared to such parking facilities according to the state of the art, where the platform is inclined relatively strongly when driving. Because that Many people feel that they are driving on a horizontal platform Driver than considerably more pleasant compared to one more or less inclined platform.

The upper parking space can, if the parking facility according to the invention in a free-standing Garage is built in even then can be easily driven when the garage is relative is narrow after the platform in its loading position outside the Garage is loaded. The platform needs not to be wider than what is to be placed on it Automobile. Because to get on and off the driver does not use up next to the car to be able to walk on the platform. With the invention Parking facility equipped Garages can thus be made narrower as such according to the state of the art, and in an underground car park of specified dimensions correspondingly more parking spaces accommodate. Getting in and out of that or out of the vehicle is not only convenient but also particularly safe. Because it is also without special safety devices like railings or the like excluded that people when entering and Get off the platform and fall because this essentially in the loading position horizontally and at the access level located. So you can get out of the side of the car step directly onto the driveway.

Another significant advantage of the invention Parking facility consists of that the platform of the upper parking space, the essentially in their loading position at the access level and in horizontal Location is transverse to their longitudinal direction can be driven on (from the side). This Advantage comes in particular with parks Underground car parks, where the parking facilities each designed for four vehicles each platform is therefore two vehicles records. With such a parking facility the two lower parking spaces in Drive longitudinally (from behind), the two upper parking spaces, however, across (from the Page). This allows a greatest possible number of vehicle parking spaces in underground garages where space is limited to rule. Known generic parking facilities, where the upper parking spaces because of the inclination of the platform in the Only drive in the loading position in the longitudinal direction on the other hand, require considerable more space for maneuvering vehicles, so this from the back to the back the lower pitches lowered platform can be driven.

The rear support rollers for the platform can according to the set out in claim 2 Execution of the invention also in the Guide rails to be guided by be lifted off while the rear end of the platform on the driveway supports. In this case, the support rollers firmly connected to the platform. Hereby can be a good, relatively even Distribution of the load of the platform over the four Reach support elements. Alternatively are as specified in claim 1 Implementation of the invention, however, the rear Support rollers for the platform stationary arranged, namely below the guide rails. It is based on them this embodiment the platform at Lowering from the parking position into the loading position during the first part of the lowering movement moved until the rear end of the Platform rests on the driveway, whereby at continued lowering the platform from the stationary rear support rollers is. During the second part of the lowering movement the platform supports itself the front support elements on the guide rails and with those at their back end arranged wheels on the driveway. By the last described arrangement of the rear Support elements will make optimal use of space enables.

All known come as a support element Forming support rollers considered for the platform.

The movement of the platform when it from their parking position to their loading position is lowered, is designed accordingly two configurations described above as follows: which is in the park position supporting on all four support elements Platform is powered by the drive device move backwards. In doing so, she bends increasingly back-down. If the back The end of the platform rests on the driveway, the rear support elements are relieved, so that the platform is at its further Movement with the front support elements moved down on the guide rails and with its rear end on the driveway supports. The front end of the platform will by guiding the associated support elements in the guide rails further on lowered until the platform in the Loading position is only slightly inclined or even occupies a horizontal position.

The guide rails can be angled Possess course with an inclined and an essentially horizontal section. In a particularly advantageous further training the parking facility according to the invention but are curved downward in an arc trained guide rails provided. The with such curved guide rails resulting movement of the platform is both on one on the lower parking space as well Motor vehicle parked on the platform particularly well adapted in the sense that a Garage with appropriate parking facilities gets by with a minimal height. Especially will move out of the platform your loading position in the parking position raised on the front of your parked vehicle, until it has a maximum slope move diagonally forward in this position, until the rear supports for the Platform are loaded, the front section of the vehicle relatively close to the Ceiling is moved along the garage, whereupon then when the front support members the Exceed the vertices of the guide rails, the front of the vehicle lowered and the rear section still raised until the vehicle roof is just under the ceiling of the garage is located.

The front support elements expediently grip essentially at the end of the Platform. This results in a maximum not swept from the platform Space above the lower parking space. The rear Support elements are when they are installed in a fixed position are, conveniently just below the Guide rails arranged. This poses both static and kinematic Viewpoints an optimal placement represents.

The support rollers roll on assigned treads the guide rails and possibly the platform from. The guide rails advantageously have a U-shaped cross section, with their opening laterally inwards points.

In a particularly advantageous further training the parking facility according to the invention provided that the motor of the drive device is arranged on the platform. By the engine will be two on the side of the platform arranged with each other by means of a shaft coupled sprockets driven, which engage in chains that run along the Guide rails run. The chains are with U-shaped guide rails expediently laid in the cavity. The two wheels engaging in the chains can spatially the front support elements be assigned. And also the drive motor is expedient in this area arranged. This results in a space-saving and protected arrangement of the drive device.

The parking facility according to the invention can in particular for parking two or four Motor vehicles are designed in the latter Trap with two side by side lower parking spaces and one side by side arranged parking spaces Platform. The parking spaces on the platform can, as already mentioned above described, in the longitudinal direction or in the transverse direction extend, depending on the local Space for access. Parking facilities with four parking spaces can provided especially in larger parks be. With special advantages is suitable the parking facility according to the invention, however for installation in a free-standing garage. Here are the guide rails instead of one Attachment by means of separate carriers, expediently on the side walls of the parking facility enclosed garage attached. This results in minimal effort for the support of the guide rails Parking facility of maximum stability.

Especially when the available one Space a particularly narrow version the garage forces the lower one too Parking space with an extendable platform be provided on the vehicle outside the garage is parked and which then on the lower parking space is moved. In this Trap needs because opening the doors of the vehicles parked in the garage the clear width of the garage is necessary Width of the vehicles to be parked only slightly To exceed.

Fig. 1

die Plattform in ihrer abgesenkten Beladestellung,

Fig. 2

die Plattform, während sie aus ihrer Beladestellung in die Parkstellung verfahren wird, und

Fig. 3

die Plattform in ihrer Parkstellung veranschaulicht, sowie in

Fig. 4

eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung einer Parkeinrichtung mit vier Stellplätzen skizziert ist.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. This shows a preferred embodiment of the parking facility according to the invention within a free-standing garage, wherein

Fig. 1

the platform in its lowered loading position,

Fig. 2

the platform while it is being moved from its loading position into the parking position, and

Fig. 3

illustrates the platform in its parking position, as well as in

Fig. 4

a preferred embodiment of a parking facility with four parking spaces is outlined.

1 to 3 on each side wall 1 garage 2 shown in longitudinal section by means of a plurality of fastening plates 3 a guide rail 4 attached. The guide rail 4 has an arched shape curve curved below. It runs above at ground level, i.e. at the level of Access 5 arranged lower vehicle parking space 6. The guide rail 4 extends from a point 7 on the Level of access 5 at the rear of the lower parking space 6 to a point 8, the one above the front section the lower parking space 6 Motor vehicle is located. The curvature of the Guide rail 4 is such that it about above the middle of one on the bottom Parking space 6 parked one Has vertex 9.

The upper parking space is through a platform 10 formed. Its front end 11 is in the guided two guide rails 4. The the Management of the platform 10 serving front Support elements include on both sides three in a row - not shown - sprockets, which on a Unroll the chain between two at the end points 7 and 8 of the guide rail 4 provided Chain tensioners 12 is fixed and in Inside of the U-shaped guide rail 4 runs. Of the three sprockets the middle element is driven by each support element. The two driven sprockets are so that their synchronous operation is guaranteed is connected to each other by means of the shaft 13. The shaft 13 is driven by the drive motor 14 driven by a reduction gear. If the drive motor 14 is switched on, thus moves the front end 11 of the Platform 10 along the guide rails 4.

On each side wall 1 of the garage 2 is also a cheek 16 attached, each one Support roller 17 carries. The support rollers 17 protrude as far inward towards the Interior of the garage that is essentially between the two guide rails 4 extending platform 10 in the park position P (Fig. 3) rests with their underside on them.

The platform 10 has at its rear End 18 two wheels 19, with which the Platform in its loading position B (Fig. 1) is supported on the driveway 5. To the location of the to secure on their parked vehicle, the platform 10 also has troughs 20 and 21 for the front and rear wheels of the parked vehicle. The trough 20 for the Front wheels is in the longitudinal direction Platform 10 dimensioned so that the location the front wheels for all parked vehicles is equal to. In contrast, the Trough 21 for the rear wheels Extension in the longitudinal direction of the platform, that the rear wheels of all common passenger cars despite that, different large wheelbases find space in them.

Is the platform 10 in its loading position B (Fig. 1) loaded with a vehicle to be parked has been after all people have left the vehicle, the drive motor 14 switched on. The front end 11 the platform 10 is thereby in the guide rails 4 Move forward and up. The rear end 19 of the platform 10 is consequently pulled on driveway 5, the wheels 19 damage the Prevent platform and / or access. At continued moving the platform 10 in the guide rails 4 via that shown in Fig. 2 The platform lays down in position 10 with arranged on its underside Guide surfaces on the support rollers 17. At further continuation of the displacement movement the platform 10 is based on the Support rollers 17; the rear end 18 of the Platform is raised. To transfer the maximum occurring at that moment Loading of the support rollers 17 on the side wall 1 of the garage is the support roller shaft on the cheek 16 by means of four stable support ribs 22 attached. The platform is, from the front Support elements and as the rear Supporting rollers 17 serving support elements, continues to move until it's essentially horizontal parking position P (Fig. 3) assumes.

For parking the parking space on platform 10 This is the vehicle from their parking position P (Fig. 3) in its loading position B (Fig. 1) in which the above process described in reverse order expires.

The parking facility shown in Fig. 4 is for parking a total of four cars designed, namely two on the bottom Pitch 6 and two on platform 10. The platform 10, which is located in the shown lowered loading position completely behind the lower parking space 6 and essentially at the access level 5, is driven from the side, the lower parking space 6, however - at raised platform - from behind. Hereby is driving on all four parking spaces also possible when relatively cramped Space conditions prevail, which by the two walls 23 is indicated.

The mechanism for lifting the platform 10 in their parking position, in which they are above of the lower parking space 6 is in essentially as trained in Described in connection with FIGS. 1 to 3. On a further explanation can therefore be omitted become.

Claims (9)

1. Mechanical parking device with at least two parking spaces with the following features:

   a platform (10) is able to move with at least one vehicle parked thereon, by means of a driving device (13, 14, 15) between a parking position (P) in which it is located above at least one vehicle parking space (6) located therebelow, and a lowered loading position (B), in which it adopts an essentially horizontal position and is essentially adjacent to the level of the approach (5);

   a guide rail (4) provided on each longitudinal side of the parking device begins essentially at the level of the approach (5) essentially at the rear end of the lower parking space (6) and extends over an essential part of the length of the parking device above the lower parking space (6);

   associated with each guide rail (4) is a front support member guided therein for the platform (10);

   the platform (10) is supported in its parked position (P) and during a first part of the lowering movement on rear support rollers (17) located in a stationary manner below the guide rails (4), by which support rollers the platform (10) is moved during the first part of the lowering movement;

   in the region of its rear end, the platform (10) comprises wheels (19), which are relieved of load in the parked position of the platform (10) as well as during the first part of the lowering movement and which rest on the approach (5) during the second part of the lowering movement of the platform (10), when the rear support rollers (17) are relieved of load.
2. Mechanical parking device with at least two parking spaces with the following features:

   a platform (10) is able to move with at least one vehicle parked thereon, by means of a driving device (13, 14, 15) between a parked position (P), in which it is located above at least one vehicle parking space (6) located therebelow, and a lowered loading position (B), in which it adopts an essentially horizontal position and is essentially adjacent to the level of the approach (5);

   a guide rail (4) provided on each longitudinal side of the parking device begins essentially at the level of the approach (5) essentially at the rear end of the lower parking space (6) and extends over an essential part of the length of the parking device above the lower parking space (6);

   associated with each guide rail (4) is a front support member guided therein for the platform (10);

   in its parked position (P) and during a first part of the lowering movement, the platform (10) is supported on rear support rollers connected thereto, which are guided in the guide rails (4) during the first part of the lowering movement;

   in the region of its rear end, the platform (10) comprises wheels (19), which are relieved of load in the parked position of the platform (10) as well as during the first part of the lowering movement and which rest on the approach (5) during the second part of the lowering movement of the platform (10), when the rear support rollers are relieved of load.
3. Mechanical parking device according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that the guide rails (4) are curved in the shape of an arch.
4. Mechanical parking device according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that the front support members engage essentially on the front end (11) of the platform (10).
5. Mechanical parking device according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that the driving device comprises a motor (14) located on the platform.
6. Mechanical parking device according to Claim 5, characterised in that the driving device comprises two chains extending along the guide rails (4), in which engage two chain wheels connected to each other and to the driving motor.
7. Mechanical parking device according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that the guide rails (4) are attached to the side walls (1) of a garage (2) housing the parking device.
8. Mechanical parking device according to Claim 1, characterised in that attached to the side walls (1) of a garage (2) housing the parking device are side plates (16), which support the rear support rollers (17).
9. Mechanical parking device according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that the platform (10) is constructed to receive two vehicles, which extend at right angles to the longitudinal direction defined by the direction of movement of the platform.

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