EP0679447B1 - Verfahren zum Beschichten von Kunststoffsubstraten - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Beschichten von Kunststoffsubstraten Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0679447B1 EP0679447B1 EP95106190A EP95106190A EP0679447B1 EP 0679447 B1 EP0679447 B1 EP 0679447B1 EP 95106190 A EP95106190 A EP 95106190A EP 95106190 A EP95106190 A EP 95106190A EP 0679447 B1 EP0679447 B1 EP 0679447B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- process according
- film
- coating composition
- polyolefins
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 34
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 231100000489 sensitizer Toxicity 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000002987 primer (paints) Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012875 nonionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- IDQBJILTOGBZCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxypropan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCOC(O)CC IDQBJILTOGBZCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHENQXAPVKABON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)OC LHENQXAPVKABON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940058020 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004709 Chlorinated polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminomethyl propanol Chemical compound CC(C)(N)CO CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012874 anionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008366 benzophenones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;prop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002991 molded plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/02—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to macromolecular substances, e.g. rubber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
- B05D3/061—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using U.V.
- B05D3/065—After-treatment
- B05D3/067—Curing or cross-linking the coating
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for coating plastic substrates according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- Plastic moldings are widely used in the manufacture of automobiles or components thereof or used as components of machines.
- the molded plastic parts can be made from different polymers consist.
- suitable polymers are polyolefins, such as polypropylene, Polyethylene, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers, Polyurethanes, polyamides, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and Polycarbonates.
- suitable fibers e.g. Glass fibers are mechanically reinforced.
- This Molded parts made of plastic have favorable mechanical properties and have a low specific weight; especially polyolefin plastics have the disadvantage, however, that they are difficult to paint are, because the usual paint binders on the plastic moldings have insufficient liability.
- This liability also has to occur mechanical loads, e.g. mechanical shocks or expansion due to increased temperature. No one is allowed to do so Cracks, flaking or extensive delamination occur.
- plastic substrates with a film-forming Coating agent coated are plastic substrates with a film-forming Coating agent coated.
- the film-forming coating agent is an organopolysiloxane.
- a primer coating is applied to improve liability an organosilicon nitrene compound applied.
- DE-A-26 08 827 the Improvement of the adhesive properties of plastic carriers for the subsequent Application of photographic layers improved in that with a pretreated hydrophilic polymer, the cyclic amido groups, Hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, sulfonic acid groups or Contains carboxylic anhydride groups.
- aqueous adhesive primers or those based on organic solvents. These generally contain polyolefins with polar groups, in particular chlorinated polyolefins (CPO), as described, for example, in WO 90/12 656. These chlorinated polyolefins are applied to the cleaned and to be coated substrate with the primer and, if appropriate, proportions of binders and then dried at elevated temperature. The actual coating agent is then applied to the adhesive primer layer thus produced.
- CPO chlorinated polyolefins
- Such aqueous coating compositions are described, for example, in DE-A-39 10 901.
- aqueous coating compositions which contain a film-forming resin, pigments, water and a finely divided dispersion of chlorinated polyolefins with a degree of chlorination of the polyolefins of 20 to 35% by weight.
- the dispersions are prepared by distillation of solvent-containing dispersions of CPO and, if appropriate, suitable binders.
- polyester substrates are coated with hydrophilic polymers in aqueous suspension and irradiated with ultraviolet light while water is still present. This is intended to improve the tack for subsequent photographic layers to be applied.
- a major disadvantage is that the aqueous suspensions must contain hydrogen peroxide.
- EP-A-0 487 323 describes adhesion promoters for plastic substrates.
- the procedure is such that a conventional primer based on organic solvents, which contains high molecular weight polyolefins with polar groups, in particular CPO, is applied to special plastic substrates, with irradiation with UV light of a wavelength up to before or after application of the primer to 300 nm during 60 to 600 seconds.
- Special polypropylene copolymers modified with unsaturated carboxyl groups are used as plastic substrates.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for coating plastic substrates, especially polyolefin substrates, that no major technical pretreatments like e.g. Corona treatment requires the use of large amounts of organic Avoids solvents and an easy and simple activation of Plastic surfaces allows, the subsequent lacquering also after can be applied for a longer period without losing their good adhesive properties to lose.
- the coated substrates obtained in this way should also good adhesion of the coatings in the cold and excellent Have low-temperature impact strength.
- radicals used according to the invention under high-energy radiation Forming chlorinated polyolefins are in aqueous solution or dispersion containing 0 to 40% by weight of one or more organic Solvent applied. If necessary, this system can take the form of a Coating agent are provided, which additionally one or more contains film-forming binders and paint components.
- chlorinated polyolefins are used as polymeric compounds with polar groups in the form of chlorine atoms which form radicals under high-energy radiation.
- the polar group content is preferably 1 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 10 to 35% by weight, in each case based on the solids weight of the polymeric compound.
- Particularly preferred examples are polyolefins with a number average molecular weight (Mn) of up to 50,000.
- Mn number average molecular weight
- low molecular weight chlorinated polyolefin compounds can also be used, for example with a number average molecular weight up to 10,000.
- the lower limit for the number average molecular weight is, for example, 2000
- they are chlorinated polyethylene or polypropylene polymers with a chlorine content of 10 to 40% by weight.
- Further examples of polychlorinated compounds are those with a number average molecular weight (Mn) up to 50,000, for example based on polyvinyl chloride.
- the process according to the invention can be carried out without the addition of radical initiators, in particular without the addition of peroxides, such as hydrogen peroxide.
- the chlorinated polyolefins used according to the invention can be used without or together with one or more sensitizers. As a result, the irradiation times can be greatly reduced.
- the sensitizers are incorporated into the system, for example, in amounts of up to 5% by weight, based on the overall system.
- These are preferably organic aromatic compounds with or without heteroatoms. Examples include anthracene, benzophenones, thioxanthones, as well as derivatives, for example C 1-7 alkyl or C 1-7 -alkoxysubstitutechnische compounds.
- the chlorinated polyolefins used according to the invention as radical formers are used as solutions or dispersions, the water as Main solvents included.
- These aqueous systems have, for example a chlorinated polyolefin content of up to 25% by weight and a content of one or more organic solvents from 0 to 40% by weight.
- aqueous systems according to the invention can also be in the form of Coating agents are present in addition to the above content chlorinated polyolefins and solvents 1 to 30 wt .-%, based on the entire coating agent, one or more film-forming binders contain.
- emulsifiers can be used to prepare the aqueous systems be used to disperse the organic components.
- emulsifiers can be used to prepare the aqueous systems be used to disperse the organic components.
- commercially available anionic and / or non-ionic Emulsifiers are used.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene, mesitylene
- esters such as ethyl acetate or butyl acetate
- ketones such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone
- alcohols such as ethanol, butanol or isopropanol
- aliphatic hydrocarbons
- solvents are aromatic hydrocarbons and especially glycols and their derivatives. Solvents with a low boiling point below 150 ° C. are also preferred. The solvents should give the surface good wetting. If necessary, it can be supported by surface-active substances. The solvents also stabilize the resulting radicals.
- binders are customary film-forming resins be used. These are, for example, resins Basis of polyesters, polyacrylates, epoxy resins, polyurethane resins or Alkyd resins. These binders are known in the literature and are already described. You can network, that is, either self-network or with external crosslinkers or they can only be physically drying.
- binders can e.g. the wetting property the plastic can be affected. It is preferred to use good wetting properties Binder used.
- the binders are either organic Solvent soluble or it is preferably a binder are dispersed or dissolved in water. It is possible that this film-forming resins carry hydrophilic groups.
- Example of such Groups are polyether groups, especially based on polyethylene oxide, OH groups or ionic groups or convertible into ionic groups Substituents. Examples of such substituents are primary, secondary or tertiary amines, sulfonic acids, carboxylic acids or phosphoric acid derivatives.
- Suitable binders of this type are, for example, polyurethane resins such as in DE-A-40 00 889 or DE-A-36 28 124, epoxy resins, as in DE-A-36 43 751 or polyester, alkyd resins, acrylate resins.
- the coating agent generally contains no inorganic or organic pigments or fillers, however, it can be used for special purposes it makes sense to add fillers and / or pigments.
- the coating agent may contain conventional paint additives.
- application properties such as leveling agents, or manufacturing properties, e.g. Anti-foaming agents, emulsifiers, wetting agents.
- leveling agents e.g. Anti-foaming agents, emulsifiers, wetting agents.
- It may be catalysts, sensitizers, accelerators or dyes are also possible to use.
- the amount of additives is based on that Coating agents, for example up to 20 wt .-%, preferably less than 10%.
- Organic Coating agents are e.g. manufactured in that the individual substances dissolved or dispersed in the organic solution with good stirring become. After that, e.g. for solid additives, a Grinding step can be interposed. About the content of solvents or the addition of additives, e.g. Thickening, is it possible adjust the viscosity of the coating agent. A stable storage is created thin viscous coating agent.
- gases dissolve in liquids. This can be done directly before the application or the gaseous solutions are in a stable form, e.g. under pressure, transported to the user.
- aqueous coating compositions are produced, for example in the water phase, optionally using emulsifiers, the dispersed organic components.
- Insoluble components e.g. higher molecular weight compounds under UV radiation Split off radicals, dispersed in the water phase.
- About the dispersion of the Additives in water can optionally be the film-forming organic Resins can be added. These are either called water-soluble resins used or an aqueous binder dispersion is added.
- the Coating agents are thoroughly homogenized after mixing. Make it up stable emulsions and dispersions.
- the liquid systems containing the radical formers can by Brushing, dipping, flooding, rolling or preferably spraying applied become. It is sufficient if only a thin layer on the substrate is applied. For example, dry film thicknesses up to 20 ⁇ m, preferably up to 10 ⁇ m, in particular between 0.5 and 5 ⁇ m become. It is important that the plastic surface is evenly wetted entry.
- the applied coating becomes a after drying Subjected to irradiation with UV light.
- the coatings become Dried or hardened at room temperature or at elevated temperature. This forms a homogeneous continuous film of the on the substrate Coating agent.
- the irradiation takes place with UV light.
- UV light in particular at a wavelength between 200 and 400 nm, or visible light, for example from 400 to 800 nm, is suitable for this.
- work can thus be carried out by irradiation with UV light at wavelengths above 300 nm.
- the radiation can be adapted to the radical-forming substance used so that it breaks down into radicals. Radiation forms radicals, which produce good adhesion to the plastic surface.
- the irradiation time is less than 60 seconds, preferably less than 30 seconds and in particular between 0.1 and 10 seconds.
- the substrates pretreated in this way can optionally be subjected to mechanical or chemical cleaning of the surface.
- Chemical cleaning can be carried out, for example, with one or more organic solvents or with aqueous cleaners. Substrates obtained in this way are subjected to further processing as quickly as possible.
- the radiation creates adhesive reaction points on the substrate.
- the substrates treated according to the invention can easily be overcoated with subsequent coatings, for example primers, basecoats or topcoats.
- the coating agent of the subsequent layer is not subject to any particular restrictions. This coating can be done directly after the treatment according to the invention or the workpieces are stored before further processing. In the preferred case of direct processing, it may be possible to dry the pretreatment and subsequent layer together.
- the coating agents for the subsequent layers can be liquid or powder.
- Powder coatings can, for example, be used favorably for plastic substrates, for example polypropylene substrates, which have good temperature resistance, for example those which are reinforced by glass fibers.
- Any plastic substrates can be treated according to the invention. Examples include polystyrene, acrylonitrile butadiene, styrene copolymers, polyurethanes, polyamides, polyesters, polycarbonates and polyolefins. Polyolefins, for example polypropylene or polypropylene copolymers, are particularly preferred. Particularly preferred are substrates whose surface consists entirely or partially of polypropylene, for example polypropylene or polypropylene copolymers.
- Molded parts for example, can be produced from such substrates and have excellent mechanical stability and flexibility even at low temperatures.
- Such substrates would be coated in a simple procedure with well-adhering coatings which have good adhesion and excellent impact resistance even in the cold.
- a pre-emulsion - consisting of 12.5 g of a commercially available CPO (Eastman CP 343-1), 37.5 g xylene, 3.4 g of an anionic emulsifier (Hostapur R SAS 30) and 47 g water - is prepared by mixing. This is emulsified with the aid of a high-pressure homogenizer and then mixed with 1 g of a 50% strength sensitizer dissolved in xylene (benzophenone).
- Example 1 The coating agent described in Example 1 is used instead of the sensitizer solution 3.45 g of a commercially available finely divided type of talc stirred in.
- chlorinated polypropylene dissolved in xylene with a Chlorine content between 26 and 32% is made by adding more chlorinated Polypropylene increased to a solids content of about 70-80%. By heating to about 80 - 100 ° C and, if necessary, putting on one The residual solvents are removed under vacuum.
- the resulting highly viscous Polymer melt (500 g) is neutralized with 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and with 5% of a commercially available non-ionic emulsifier Using 5% ethylene glycol added and evenly distributed. Then, with intensive stirring, about 2000 g of deionized water admixed so that a storage-stable, finely divided aqueous dispersion with a solids content of approx. 25% arises.
- 115 g of the dispersion thus prepared are deionized with 348 g Diluted water and with 2 g of a 50% xylene benzophenone solution transferred.
- a pre-cleaned PP-EPDM plastic sheet (Hostalen R- PPN 8018 B) from Hoechst AG is coated with one of the coating compositions according to the invention from Examples 1 to 3 and left for about 5 to 10 minutes. vented. A dry film thickness of 1-5 ⁇ m is obtained. Then the coated substrate at a distance of 15 cm at a speed of 2 m / min. passed two UV lamps (100 watts / cm).
- a commercially available metallic water-based paint is applied to the substrate pretreated in this way applied, this briefly flashed off and then wet-on-wet overcoated with a commercially available 2K clear coat.
- the substrate will then 45 min. Dried at 80 ° C and before testing the multilayer structure Aged 16 h / 60 ° C.
- the with the coating agent of the invention Examples 1 to 3 coated substrates each show a very good one Adhesion to the layers of paint.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Coating Of Shaped Articles Made Of Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
Solche wäßrigen Überzugsmittel sind beispielsweise in der DE-A-39 10 901 beschrieben. Dabei handelt es sich um wäßrige Beschichtungszusammensetzungen, die ein filmbildendes Harz, Pigmente, Wasser sowie eine feinteilige Dispersion chlorierter Polyolefine mit einem Chlorierungsgrad der Polyolefine von 20 bis 35 Gew.-% enthalten. Die Dispersionen werden durch Destillation von Lösungsmitteln enthaltende Dispersionen von CPO und gegebenenfalls geeigneten Bindemitteln bereitet.
In der US-A-4 051 302 werden Polyestersubstrate mit hydrophilen Polymeren in wäßriger Suspension beschichtet und mit Ultraviolettlicht bestrahlt, während noch Wasser vorhanden ist. Hierdurch soll die Klebrigkeit für nachfolgend aufzubringende fotographische Schichten verbessert werden. Ein wesentlicher Nachteil besteht darin, daß die wäßrigen Suspensionen Wasserstoffperoxid enthalten müssen.
In der EP-A-0 487 323 werden Haftvermittler für Kunststoffsubstrate beschrieben. Dabei wird so vorgegangen, daß auf spezielle Kunststoffsubstrate ein konventioneller Primer auf der Basis organischer Lösemittel, der hochmolekulare Polyolefine mit polaren Gruppen, insbesondere CPO, enthält, aufgetragen wird, wobei vor oder nach dem Auftrag des Primers eine Bestrahlung mit UV-Licht einer Wellenlänge bis zu 300 nm während 60 bis 600 Sekunden durchgeführt wird. Als Kunststoffsubstrate werden dabei besondere Polypropylencopolymere eingesetzt, die mit ungesättigten Carboxylgruppen modifiziert sind.
Besonders bevorzugte Beispiele sind Polyolefine mit einem Zahlenmittel der Molmasse (Mn) von bis zu 50000. Es können aber auch niedermolekulare chlorierte Polyolefinverbindungen eingesetzt werden, z.B. mit einem Zahlenmittel der Molmasse bis zu 10000. Die untere Grenze für das Zahlenmittel der Molmasse liegt beispielsweise bei 2000. Insbesondere handelt es sich um chlorierte Polyethylen- oder Polypropylenpolymere mit einem Chlorgehalt von 10 bis 40 Gew.-%. Weitere Beispiele für polychlorierte Verbindungen sind solche mit einem Zahlenmittel der Molmasse (Mn) bis zu 50000, beispielsweise auf der Basis von Polyvinylchlorid. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann ohne Zusatz von Radikalinitiatoren, insbesondere ohne Zusatz von Peroxiden, wie Wasserstoffperoxid durchgeführt werden. Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten chlorierten Polyolefine können ohne, oder zusammen mit einem oder mehreren Sensibilisatoren eingesetzt werden. Hierdurch können die Bestrahlungszeiten stark verkürzt werden. Die Sensibilisatoren werden beispielsweise in Mengen bis zu 5 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtsystem in das System eingearbeitet. Dabei handelt es sich bevorzugt um organische aromatische Verbindungen mit oder ohne Heteroatome. Beispiele dafür sind Anthracen, Benzophenone, Thioxanthone, sowie Derivate, z.B. C1-7-Alkyl- oder C1-7-alkoxysubstituierte Verbindungen.
Die Lösemittel sollen eine gute Benetzung der Oberfläche ergeben. Sie kann gegebenenfalls durch oberflächenaktive Substanzen unterstützt werden. Die Lösemittel bewirken zusätzlich eine Stabilisierung der entstehenden Radikale.
Die so vorbehandelten Substrate können gegebenenfalls einer mechanischen oder chemischen Reinigung der Oberfläche unterzogen werden. Bei der chemischen Reinigung kann beispielsweise mit einem oder mehreren organischen Lösemitteln oder mit wäßrigen Reinigern gearbeitet werden. So erhaltene Substrate werden möglichst rasch der weiteren Verarbeitung unterzogen.
Auf dem Substrat entstehen durch die Strahlung haftfähige Reaktionspunkte. Die erfindungsgemäß behandelten Substrate können leicht mit Folgebeschichtungen, z.B. Grundierungen, Basislacken oder Decklacken überbeschichtet werden. Dabei ist das Überzugsmittel der Folgeschicht keinen besonderen Einschränkungen unterworfen. Diese Beschichtung kann direkt nach der erfindungsgemäßen Behandlung geschehen oder die Werkstücke werden vor der Weiterverarbeitung gelagert. Im bevorzugten Fall der direkten Verarbeitung ist es gegebenenfalls möglich, Vorbehandlung und Folgeschicht gemeinsam zu trocknen. Die Überzugsmittel für die Folgeschichten können flüssig oder pulverförmig sein. Pulverlacke können beispielsweise günstig für Kunststoffsubstrate, z.B. Polypropylensubstrate, verwendet werden, die eine gute Temperaturbeständigkeit aufweisen, z.B. solche, die durch Glasfasern verstärkt sind.
Erfindungsgemäß können beliebige Kunststoffsubstrate behandelt werden. Beispiele hierfür sind Polystyrol, Acrylnitril-Butadien, Styrol-Copolymere, Polyurethane, Polyamide, Polyester, Polycarbonate sowie Polyolefine. Besonders bevorzugt sind Polyolefine, beispielsweise Polypropylen oder Polypropylen-Copolymere. Besonders bevorzugt sind Substrate, deren Oberfläche ganz oder teilweise aus Polypropylen, z.B. aus Polypropylen oder Polypropylen-Copolymeren besteht. Aus solchen Substraten können beispielsweise Formteile hergestellt werden, die eine hervorragende mechanische Stabilität und Flexibilität auch bei tiefen Temperaturen aufweisen. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Behandlung würden derartige Substrate in einfacher Verfahrensweise mit gut haftenden Überzügen beschichtet, die auch in der Kälte eine gute Haftung und eine hervorragende Schlagzähigkeit aufweisen.
Claims (7)
- Verfahren zum Beschichten Von Kunststoffsubstraten durch Auftrag eines filmbildenden Überzugsmittels und Trocknen des erhaltenen Überzugs, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mana) zunächst unmittelbar auf die Oberfläche des Kunststoffsubstrats eine 0 bis 40 Gew. -% ein oder mehrere organische Lösemittel enthaltende, wäßrige Lösung oder Dispersion eines oder mehrerer unter energiereicher Strahlung Radikale bildender, chlorierter Polyolefine aufträgt,b) die so behandelte Oberfläche nach dem Trocknen einer Bestrahlung mit UV-Licht unterzieht,c) gegebenenfalls eine mechanische und/oder chemische Reinigung der Oberfläche vornimmt undd) auf die so behandelte Oberfläche das filmbildende Überzugsmittel aufbringt und trocknet.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die chlorierten Polyolefine in einem wäßrigen Überzugsmittel einsetzt, das ein oder mehrere filmbildende Bindemittel enthält und daß man die Bestrahlung nach dem Trocknen oder Härten des Überzugsmittels vornimmt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man ein oder mehrere chlorierte Polyolefine mit einem Zahlenmittel der Molmasse (Mn) von bis zu 50000 und einem Chlorgehalt von 10 bis 40 Gew.-% einsetzt.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die chlorierten Polyolefine zusammen mit einem oder mehreren Sensibilisatoren verwendet werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bestrahlung mit UV-Licht einer Wellenlänge über 300 nm erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bestrahlung während einer Zeit unter 60 Sekunden durchgeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es zur Beschichtung von Substraten durchgeführt wird, deren Oberfläche ganz oder teilweise aus Polyolefinen besteht.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4414588A DE4414588A1 (de) | 1994-04-27 | 1994-04-27 | Verfahren zum Beschichten von Kunststoffen |
| DE4414588 | 1994-04-27 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0679447A1 EP0679447A1 (de) | 1995-11-02 |
| EP0679447B1 true EP0679447B1 (de) | 1999-12-29 |
Family
ID=6516504
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95106190A Expired - Lifetime EP0679447B1 (de) | 1994-04-27 | 1995-04-26 | Verfahren zum Beschichten von Kunststoffsubstraten |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0679447B1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE4414588A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2143562T3 (de) |
| PT (1) | PT679447E (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7976947B2 (en) | 2005-08-10 | 2011-07-12 | Dupont Polymer Powders Switzerland Sarl | Article of manufacture comprising surfaces of thermoplastic composites coated with a powder coating composition |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1461596A (en) * | 1973-05-03 | 1977-01-13 | Dow Corning Ltd | Adhesion of organopolysiloxanes |
| JPS51101077A (de) * | 1975-03-04 | 1976-09-07 | Konishiroku Photo Ind | |
| DE3910901A1 (de) * | 1989-04-04 | 1990-10-11 | Ppg Ind Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung einer waesserigen feinteiligen dispersion eines chlorierten polyolefins und verwendung derselben in waesserigen beschichtungszusammenetzungen |
| KR0146721B1 (ko) * | 1989-04-20 | 1998-08-17 | . | 수성 코우팅 조성물 |
| JPH044235A (ja) * | 1990-04-20 | 1992-01-08 | Mazda Motor Corp | 樹脂成形品の表面処理方法 |
| JP2969926B2 (ja) * | 1990-11-20 | 1999-11-02 | 住友化学工業株式会社 | ポリプロピレン系樹脂成形品の塗装方法 |
-
1994
- 1994-04-27 DE DE4414588A patent/DE4414588A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-04-26 EP EP95106190A patent/EP0679447B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-04-26 ES ES95106190T patent/ES2143562T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-04-26 DE DE59507503T patent/DE59507503D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-04-26 PT PT95106190T patent/PT679447E/pt unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59507503D1 (de) | 2000-02-03 |
| ES2143562T3 (es) | 2000-05-16 |
| DE4414588A1 (de) | 1995-11-02 |
| PT679447E (pt) | 2000-06-30 |
| EP0679447A1 (de) | 1995-11-02 |
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