Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with hydrogen peroxide or peroxides of metals; with persulfuric, permanganic, pernitric, percarbonic acids or their salts
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/80—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with boron or compounds thereof, e.g. borides
  • D06M11/82—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with boron or compounds thereof, e.g. borides with boron oxides; with boric, meta- or perboric acids or their salts, e.g. with borax
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
  • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
  • D06M15/11—Starch or derivatives thereof

Definitions

• the invention relates to powdery mixtures for the production of aqueous sizing preparations and the use of the powdery mixtures in the form of aqueous solutions for the sizing of staple fiber yarns.
• the general requirements for sizing agents for staple fiber yarns include good water solubility to enable the size to be easily washed out of the fabric, low liquor viscosity to achieve adequate penetration into the yarn, batch-to-batch reproducible viscosity and sufficient liquor viscosity stability during finishing.
• the films should have good adhesion to the substrate. The latter is particularly critical for the sizing of mixed fiber yarns.
• starch-based products About 3/4 of all sizing agents used are starch-based products. This is largely due to the fact that starch is an inexpensive raw material that is available worldwide. Potato, cassava and tapioca starch, as well as rice, sago and wheat starch are particularly important as sizing agents. On the substrate side, staple fiber yarns made of cotton, cellulose and wool and their combination with man-made fibers made of synthetic polymers are to be mentioned, whereby the cotton sector is the most important for the application of starch sizes.
• starch sizes - used on their own - are not or only insufficiently suitable for mixed fibers such as cotton / polyester, they are therefore preferably used in mixtures with synthetic polymers, for example poly (meth) acrylate, polyvinyl alcohol or carboxymethyl cellulose.
• DE-A-2 758 635 discloses a two-stage process for the preparation of oxidatively degraded starch solution, in which native starch is suspended in aqueous alkali or alkaline earth metal hypochlorite solution at temperatures below its swelling point and then in the presence of an oxidizing agent of the peroxide type at over 100 ° C treated. This improves the effectiveness of the starch paste for bonding and when used on the size press or in the coating shop.
• DE-A 4 119 046 discloses the use of alkali metal hydroxide and polyphosphate for the production of stable starch adhesives.
• starch disintegrants in the preparation of size liquors is not without problems.
• the use of halogen-containing or phosphate-containing disintegrants is not sensible for ecological reasons. Due to the increasing importance of quality assurance measures, the amount of disintegrant to be added must always be measured very accurately in order to prevent fluctuations in the fleet viscosity and the resulting variability in the size properties batch-to-batch.
• the selected pulping agent must be well compatible with the other sizing components, in particular the synthetic polymers, so that they can develop the property-improving effects they require without restriction.
• the degree of starch degradation must be constantly monitored and the reaction must be stopped at the desired viscosity by neutralization.
• the object of the invention is to provide size compositions containing powder, native starch, from which aqueous size preparations can be obtained, which do not have the problems set out above and which lead to good size effects.
• Native starch is used as component a) of the powdery mixtures. All native starches can be considered, for example starches from potatoes, cassava, tapioca, corn, rice, sago arrowroot, milo, rye and wheat. Preferably used as component a) potato, wheat, corn and tapioca starch. Mixtures of two or more types of starch can also be used as component a) of the mixtures according to the invention.
• the particle size of the starch is in the range of commercially available starches, e.g. 1 to 100 ⁇ m.
• the mixtures according to the invention contain 5 to 94.5, preferably 49 to 94.5% by weight of at least one native starch.
• Component b) of the mixtures according to the invention are powdered polyacrylate sizes which are either water-soluble a priori or in which water solubility is achieved by neutralizing the acid groups.
• Polyacrylate sizes have been known for a long time. These are polymers of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
• These polymers comprise the pure homopolymers, for example the homopolymers of acrylic acid and homopolymers of methacrylic acid, and copolymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and copolymers of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with other monoethylenically unsaturated compounds, such as C1- to C8-alkyl acrylates, C1- to C8-alkyl methacrylates, Maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, acrylamide, methacrylamide, acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
• monoethylenically unsaturated compounds such as C1- to C8-alkyl acrylates, C1- to C8-alkyl methacrylates, Maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, acrylamide, methacrylamide, acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
• Suitable comonomers for modifying the poly (meth) acrylic acids are vinylsulfonic acid, vinylphosphonic acid, acrylamidopropanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid and the ammonium, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts of the comonomers.
• Suitable comonomers for the production of the polyacrylates used as sizing agents are styrene and vinyl esters, such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate.
• the content of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid in the polyacrylate sizes can be, for example, 5 to 100% by weight. Polyacrylate sizes are described for example in US-A-3 519 477 and in DE-B-2 004 676.
• the powders are produced therefrom by suitable drying processes, for example by spray drying.
• the powders can optionally be ground to a certain particle size.
• the polyacrylates used as sizing agents usually have molecular weights in the range from, for example, 10,000 to 5,000,000.
• the polyacrylate sizes can be in the form of the free acids, in part or in completely neutralized form.
• ammonia, alkali or alkaline earth hydroxides e.g. Sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution or calcium hydroxide.
• the powdery mixtures contain 5 to 94.5, preferably 5 to 50% by weight of a water-soluble polyacrylate size.
• the polyacrylate size can optionally be used in a mixture with other sizes. If such mixtures are used, up to 80% by weight of the polyacrylate size can be replaced by other sizes, e.g. Polyvinyl alcohols, copolymers of maleic anhydride and styrene, carboxymethyl celluloses, galactomannans, pectins or proteins. If only aqueous solutions or dispersions exist of the other sizes, the solids in powder form are obtained therefrom by known methods.
• Alkali perborates and / or alkali percarbonates are suitable as component c).
• the use of sodium perborate is particularly preferred.
• the perborates and percarbonates can be used both in the anhydrous form and in the form of the hydrates.
• the powdery mixtures contain 0.5 to 20, preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight of an alkali perborate and / or alkali percarbonate.
• the compounds of component c) bring about a degradation of the native starch and, if appropriate, neutralization of the poly (meth) acrylate component b), provided that this has been used in non-neutralized or partially neutralized form. Solutions with good rheological properties are obtained.
• the mixtures can optionally contain up to 10% by weight of conventional additives as component d).
• additives include fats, waxes, wetting agents, defoamers, antistatic agents and preservatives.
• the powdery mixtures according to the invention of components a) to c) and optionally d) are obtained by mixing the individual components.
• the mixtures are stable on storage.
• the powdery mixtures are introduced into water, for example, with stirring and heated therein to higher temperatures, preferably in the range from 80 to 120 ° C, and stirred at this temperature for a certain time, e.g. 5 to 60 minutes. Clear aqueous sizing agent solutions are obtained.
• the solids content of the sizing agent solutions is, for example, 1 to 25, preferably 5 to 15,% by weight.
• the hot aqueous sizing agent solutions can be used directly for sizing staple fiber yarns.
• the sizing agent mixture according to the invention is applied to the yarn to be sized in amounts of 1 to 30% by weight. Compared with sizing agents that do not contain component c), improved sizing effects are achieved with the sizing agents according to the invention.
• the washability of the size according to the invention after weaving is improved compared to known size formulations of starch and polyacrylate sizes.
• the parts given in the examples are parts by weight. Unless otherwise stated, the percentages are percentages by weight.
• the viscosity of the aqueous sizing agent solution was measured using the Ford cup (nozzle-0 ⁇ 4 mm).
• the pendulum hardness of the size films was determined according to König (DIN 53 157).
• the number of abrasions was determined using the Kenk scrubber. Pilling and pseudo warp thread breakage were determined using the Reutlingen web tester.
• a non-neutralized polymethacrylate bead polymer composed of 50% by weight of n-butyl acrylate, 30% by weight of methyl methacrylate and 20% by weight of methacrylic acid was used, which has an average particle size of 700 ⁇ m and a K Had a value of 40.
• the K values of the polymers were determined according to H. Fikentscher, Cellulose-Chemie, Vol. 13, 58 to 64 and 71 to 74 (1932) in 1% solution in dimethyl sulfoxide at a temperature of 25 ° C.
• one sized strand was divided into three finer strands. Each of these partial strands was clamped onto a frame with two further partial strands that had been sized with other sizes, and the samples thus prepared in an AHIBA device for 1, 5 or 10 minutes in a washing liquor containing 5 g / l of the reaction product from 1 mol nonylphenol and 6 mol ethylene oxide and 15 ml / l aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (38 ° Bé), washed, then first rinsed hot and then cold and then dried at 120 ° C.
• the washed yarn strands were then treated with dilute iodine solution for 2 minutes, then rinsed in drinking water for 1 minute, pressed onto filter paper and, after a further 5 minutes, the washout behavior was assessed on the basis of the blue color (iodine-starch reaction).
• the TEGEWA scale served as the basis for evaluation (grades from 1 to 9, where 1 means poor washing-out behavior and sizing agent residues on the yarn and grade 9 indicates complete removal of the sizing).
• the size liquor specified in Table 1 was prepared by adding a hydroxypropyl potato starch ether and the polymethacrylate bead polymer used in Example 1 described above in water and adding sodium hydroxide solution. Native potato starch used in Example 1 could not be used because the viscosity of the mixture thus obtained was too high so that it could not be used as a size.
• Example 1 The results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are summarized in Table 1. As can be seen from this, significantly better sizing effects are achieved with the sizing agent mixture according to the invention.
• the liquors specified in Table 2 were produced and used for the sizing of the polyester / cotton yarn described in Example 2.
• the sizing agent mixture according to the invention is easier to wash out than the sizing agent combinations described in Comparative Examples 2 to 4. The wash is completely detached from the yarn after a very short washout time (1 minute).

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (3)

Citations (7)

• 1993
  • 1993-12-27 DE DE19934344670 patent/DE4344670A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1994
  • 1994-12-17 EP EP94120051A patent/EP0659928A3/fr not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (7)

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