EP0656992A1 - Zylinderläufermaschine. - Google Patents
Zylinderläufermaschine.Info
- Publication number
- EP0656992A1 EP0656992A1 EP93919205A EP93919205A EP0656992A1 EP 0656992 A1 EP0656992 A1 EP 0656992A1 EP 93919205 A EP93919205 A EP 93919205A EP 93919205 A EP93919205 A EP 93919205A EP 0656992 A1 EP0656992 A1 EP 0656992A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- rotation
- axis
- gas exchange
- rotor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 172
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B57/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary engines in which the combusted gases displace one or more reciprocating pistons
- F02B57/08—Engines with star-shaped cylinder arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B13/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with rotating cylinders in order to obtain the reciprocating-piston motion
- F01B13/04—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with rotating cylinders in order to obtain the reciprocating-piston motion with more than one cylinder
- F01B13/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with rotating cylinders in order to obtain the reciprocating-piston motion with more than one cylinder in star arrangement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L7/00—Rotary or oscillatory slide valve-gear or valve arrangements
- F01L7/12—Rotary or oscillatory slide valve-gear or valve arrangements specially for two-stroke engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G2244/00—Machines having two pistons
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cylinder machine and in particular a two-stroke internal combustion engine or a compressor of the cylinder type.
- a two-stroke internal combustion engine of the cylinder rotor type is known.
- This internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder rotor with a plurality of cylinders arranged at equal angular intervals around the axis of rotation of the cylinder rotor.
- the pistons which are radially displaceable in the cylinders, are supported via articulated connecting rods on a single, common eccentric bearing of a crankshaft which is fixedly connected to a housing enclosing the cylinder rotor.
- inlet and outlet gas exchange slots are provided in the cylinders which, as is customary in two-stroke internal combustion engines, are controlled, ie opened and closed, by the radially outer edge of the pistons.
- Stationary gas exchanges are located axially on both sides of the cylinder rotor in the side walls of the housing.
- Selkanäle provided, on the cylinder-side, with one end of the gas exchange slots gas exchange channels with their other end similar to a rotary valve control in the course of rotation of the cylinder rotor.
- the two-stroke internal combustion engine known from US-A-3 739 756 differs from conventional star-shaped engines in which the pistons, which are displaceable in a radial, but stationary arrangement, operate on a rotating crankshaft, essentially in that the internal combustion engine US-A-3 739 756 the crankshaft is stationary and instead the cylinders rotate.
- the stroke length is comparatively long in relation to the diameter of the pistons, with the result that comparatively high combustion chambers have to be flushed and filled when the gas is changed in the stroke direction. It is comparatively difficult to ensure adequate purging of the combustion chambers, in particular since the circumferential area of the cylinders available for accommodating gas exchange slots is limited.
- the kinematics of the crankshaft gear used there cause asymmetries in the stroke movement, which also has an effect on the control angles and control times available for the gas exchange.
- the kinematics of articulated connecting rods means that the radial thrust force of the pistons cannot be optimally converted into a torque acting on the cylinder rotor, as a result of which the use of force deteriorates.
- a further cylinder rotor machine that can be used as an internal combustion engine or as a compressor is known.
- the machine has a cylinder rotor rotating about a first axis of rotation, which comprises three pairs of cylinders offset by 120 °.
- the cylinders of each pair running radially to the first axis of rotation are arranged coaxially and rigidly connected to one another by a common piston rod.
- the cylinder rotor is surrounded by a stationary housing, in which a crankshaft enclosed by the cylinders is rotatably supported about a second axis of rotation arranged with a predetermined eccentricity relative to the first axis of rotation.
- each pair of pistons are rotatably guided on an eccentric bearing of the crankshaft, the eccentric disk of which is firmly connected to the crankshaft.
- the eccentric bearings define third axes of rotation offset by 120 ° relative to one another about the second axis of rotation, the radial distance from the second axis of rotation also equaling the predetermined eccentricity. In this way it is achieved that each pair of pistons is non-rotatably supported on the cylinder rotor relative to the eccentric axis even if its eccentric axis currently coincides with the axis of rotation of the cylinder rotor.
- the support takes place exclusively via the other two pairs of pistons, without the cylinder rotor having to be coupled torque-proof via a gearwheel gear or the like with crankshaft. Since the eccentric bearings define axes of rotation which are fixed relative to the crankshaft, the piston rods do not have to be articulated via double bearings on both the piston and the crankshaft.
- the known cylinder rotor machine can be built relatively small in relation to its performance.
- the cylinders are open towards the circumference of the cylinder rotor and are closed off from the outside by the housing which closely surrounds the cylinder rotor.
- overlapping gas exchange openings are provided along the cylinder openings.
- the housing surrounding the cylinder rotor must be tolerated with a minimal annular gap in order to avoid pressure losses, or else sealing elements must be used. Reliable sealing by means of a closely tolerated annular gap is difficult to achieve due to different thermal expansions, especially when designed as an internal combustion engine, and reliable sealing with sealing strips or the like also leads to problems due to the high sliding speeds on the outer circumference.
- the invention is based on a two-stroke internal combustion engine, comprising the following features: a housing, a crankshaft in the housing, at least one cylinder rotor rotatably mounted in the housing about a first axis of rotation with several, at equal angular intervals around the first axis of rotation and the crankshaft extending radially to the first axis of rotation Cylinder axes arranged, radially outside of cylinder roofs firmly connected to the cylinder rotor, a piston displaceable radially to the first axis of rotation in each cylinder, which together with its cylinder roof and the pistons delimits a combustion chamber, the pistons being connected via piston rods to eccentric bearings of the crankshaft are, and a gas exchange control with separately assigned to the individual cylinders inlet or outlet gas exchange channels, which open at one end in the cylinder in each case at least one gas exchange slot, which is controllable from the radially outer edge of the piston with respect to the first axis of rotation is
- a rotary slide valve control arrangement which rotates synchronously with the cylinder rotor is provided between at least one gas exchange channel which is stationary with respect to the housing and the ends of the cylinder-side inlet gas exchange channels and / or exhaust gas exchange channels remote from the slot.
- the cylinder rotor comprises three pairs of cylinders arranged at the same axis and offset by 120 ° relative to one another, the pistons of which are also rigidly connected to one another in pairs by means of the piston rods, that the crankshaft by one to the first Axis of rotation with a - 6 - the eccentricity of the second axis of rotation offset parallel to the axis is rotatably mounted and the eccentric bearings define the third rotary axes for the piston rods of piston pairs offset by 120 ° about the second axis of rotation and axially parallel about the predetermined eccentricity relative to the second axis of rotation.
- Two-stroke internal combustion engines of the cylinder rotor type according to the invention have a comparatively small stroke with a comparatively large displacement of the individual combustion chambers.
- the small stroke makes the exact dimensioning of the opening and closing angles difficult.
- the opening and closing angles of the inlet slots and outlet slots are symmetrical with the radially inner dead center position and the radially outer dead center position of the piston. Due to the symmetry, purging losses, that is to say the discharge of unused fuel or insufficient purging or insufficient fresh gas filling, can occur.
- the above-mentioned rotary slide control arrangement likewise controls the gas exchange of the individual cylinders and the resulting opening control angle of the inlet and / or exhaust gas exchange channel related to the rotation of the cylinder rotor compared with the opening control angle of the associated cylinder-side gas exchange slot changed, in particular reduced.
- the rotary slide valve control arrangement which can be provided both in the path of the inlet channels and the outlet channels and in both channels, takes over the gas exchange control together with the piston-controlled slots.
- the distance of the rotary valve control arrangement from the gas exchange slots ensures a reduction - 7 - of the gas pressure, in particular on the outlet side, so that the rotary valve control arrangement only has to meet limited sealing requirements.
- the rotary slide valve control arrangement makes it possible to determine the start and end of the inlet independently of the start and end of the outlet, so that the gas exchange can be optimized.
- the rotary slide valve control arrangement comprises a slide part which is movable in the circumferential direction of the cylinder rotor relative to the latter and has a control opening which connects the slot-remote end of the cylinder-side gas exchange channel to the stationary gas exchange channel during the gas exchange.
- the slide part which is, for example, a ring enclosing the crankshaft, allows an adjustment of the gas exchange, expediently in the form that a drive mechanism adjusts the slide part when the cylinder rotor is rotating, i.e. allowed during engine operation.
- the object of the invention is to simplify the sealing of a cylinder rotor from the housing surrounding it in a simple manner.
- the cylinder rotor encloses a central crankshaft chamber containing the crankshaft, from which the cylinders proceed, in that the inlet gas exchange channels are open as to the crankshaft chamber Overflow channels are formed and that radially within a bearing rotatably supporting the cylinder rotor on the housing, a gas inlet channel which is stationary with respect to the housing is guided into the crankshaft chamber.
- Such a cylinder rotor internal combustion engine does not require a rotary slide valve on the inlet side.
- the fresh gases are conducted into the crankshaft chamber via a channel that is guided through the cylinder rotor bearing in a stationary manner to the housing, from where they reach the combustion chambers of the cylinders in a piston-controlled manner via the overflow channels.
- a rotary slide valve control arrangement is expediently provided on the outlet side, which in turn is preferably also used for gas exchange control, but alternatively can also only be used for the controlled passage of the exhaust gases through the housing.
- the pistons are wider in the axial direction of the cylinder rotor than in its circumferential direction.
- the outlet gas exchange slots are each provided in a wall region of the cylinder that extends essentially in the axial direction of the cylinder rotor, in particular at least approximately in the middle of this wall region, and inlet gas exchange slots are provided in the axial direction of the cylinder rotor on both sides of the outlet gas exchange slot.
- the combustion chamber is Principle of gases flows through, the fresh gases entering in the region of the longitudinal ends of the combustion chamber, preferably in such a way that they flow essentially along the circumferential wall regions of the cylinder to the cylinder roof and from there in the center region of the combustion chamber to the Exhaust gas exchange slots flow back.
- the cylinder roof expediently has two concavely curved convexities lying next to one another in the axial direction of the cylinder rotor. It has also proven to be expedient if two spark plugs are assigned to the cylinder, each of which works in one of the two arches.
- the cylinders preferably have both outlet gas exchange slots and inlet gas exchange slots in the circumferential direction on both sides of the pistons.
- This design which is made possible in a particularly simple manner by the crank chamber charge of the cylinders, symmetrizes the gas exchange flows both on the inlet side and on the outlet side, which benefits the optimization of the gas exchange.
- pistons which are wider in the axial direction of the cylinder rotor than in its circumferential direction is not only advantageous in the case of two-stroke internal combustion engines with crank chamber charge.
- This piston configuration generally facilitates the accommodation of the cylinders in the cylinder rotor, also in the case of other cylinder rotor machines designed as internal combustion engines or compressors, since the displacement can be increased without the diameter of the cylinder rotor having to be increased.
- each cylinder comprises two circular-cylindrical cylinder chambers arranged next to one another in the axial direction of the cylindrical rotor, which are separated from one another by a partition wall provided in the region of the cylinder roof with at least one overflow opening, one of the cylinder chambers being connected only to the inlet gas exchange duct and the other cylinder chamber being connected only to the outlet gas exchange duct, and that in each cylinder chamber one of two partial pistons of a double piston is displaceable.
- overflow channels are preferably provided in the circumferential direction of the cylinder rotor on both sides of one cylinder chamber and in the circumferential direction of the cylinder rotor on both sides of the other cylinder chamber outlet gas exchange slots are provided. In this way, the rinsing behavior can be improved when designed as a two-stroke machine.
- the pistons are wider in the axial direction of the cylinder rotor than in its circumferential direction and in that the inlet gas exchange slots on the one hand and the outlet gas exchange slots on the other side are provided on the opposite sides of the cylinders in the axial direction of the cylinder rotor.
- the pistons have a piston roof which is convexly curved at least in the axial direction of the cylinder rotor and the cylinder roof has at least in the axial direction of the cylinder is concavely curved, combustion-technically favorable direct current purging takes place.
- the pistons preferably have, in the circumferential direction of the cylinder rotor, axially parallel to the first axis of rotation, essentially planar outer surfaces which merge into semi-cylindrical outer surfaces on the narrow sides.
- Pistons of this design are comparatively easy to seal and also easy to manufacture. It is also advantageous that the inflow and outflow area can be designed without vortex-forming corners in the area of the slots of the cylinders provided on the narrow sides.
- the value of the predetermined eccentricity of the crankshaft explained at the outset is dimensioned such that the fourfold value of the eccentricity is smaller than that maximum width of the pistons in the circumferential direction of the cylinder rotor, that is to say smaller in the case of an axially elongated piston than the narrow side width of the pistons.
- This dimensioning rule is expediently also used for cylindrical pistons, since it enables an optimal size-performance ratio.
- the comparatively large displacement of the individual cylinders in particular when using axially elongated pistons, enables the degree of filling of the cylinders of fresh gases to be controlled when the inlet gas exchange duct is connected to a blower, the drive of which is a speed-controllable motor, in particular an electric motor.
- a speed-controllable motor in particular an electric motor.
- By changing the speed of the fan its delivery rate can be changed and thus the degree of filling of the cylinders can be adapted to the current speed of the cylinder rotor.
- a speed control for the blower motor responsive to the speed of the cylinder rotor can be provided.
- the housing completely surrounds the cylinder rotor and forms a blower housing with at least one cooling air intake opening in the region of its center and at least one outflow opening in the region of its outer circumference.
- the cylinders can be provided with ribs in order to form a large temperature exchange surface, and in the arrangement of the cooling air openings mentioned, the flow flows radially around the axis of rotation of the cylinder rotor.
- the air flow can also be increased by an external cooling air blower.
- the cooling air intake opening is preferably located in the region of the outlet rotary valve control arrangement, so that it can also be used to cool it. In order to enlarge the heat exchange surface, the cooling air flow is expediently conducted into the interior of the blower housing via ducts running radially past the rotary valve control arrangement.
- the blower housing can optionally be provided on the outside with a suitable, sound-reducing coating.
- Special advantages result in stationary operation, in which the internal combustion engine is coupled to a working machine, in particular an electrical generator or the compressor of a heat pump.
- the outlet gas exchange duct of the internal combustion engine is preferably also connected to a heat exchanger, so that not only the heat pump for generating heat from a building heating system, but also the waste heat from the internal combustion engine can be used for heating purposes. Since the speed of the crankshaft is twice as high as the rotor speed, there is also a more favorable drive speed, for example for a three-phase generator, without the need for a transmission gear.
- the cylinders are closed to the crankshaft by bottoms, the piston rods slidably penetrating these bottoms. Additionally between the compressor rooms between the In this way, peripheral walls and the outside of the pistons form additional compression spaces between the inside of the pistons and the bottoms, for the control of which gas exchange channels are provided in the axially lateral walls of the cylinder rotor in the region of the bottoms, which arc-shaped enclose the axis of rotation of the cylinder rotor Control slots of the housing communicate.
- the axially lateral control slots are connected to the control slots provided in the peripheral wall of the housing, so that the inner compression spaces form a pre-compressor for the outer compression spaces.
- the invention is based on a compressor of the type known from WO90 / 15918, in which the cylinder rotor contains three piston pairs offset by 120 ° in radial cylinders of its cylinder rotor and in which the cylinder rotor eccentrically to a crank connected via rigid piston rods of the piston pairs ⁇ shaft is arranged.
- the cylinders are closed radially on the outside from cylinder roofs which are fixedly connected to the cylinder rotor, and for the gas exchange, instead of the control slots arranged in the peripheral wall of the housing surrounding the cylinder rotor, a rotary slide valve control arrangement for control purposes is provided, at least on an axial side of the cylinder rotor the gas exchange of the individual cylinders.
- the gas exchange channels of the individual cylinders rotating together with the cylinder rotor lead here from the region of the cylinder roof to a region of the axially lateral wall of the cylinder rotor which is located radially further inward and contains the rotary slide valve control arrangement. Since the cylinders are closed radially to the outside by fixed cylinder roofs, sealing problems in the region of the circumference of the cylinder rotor exposed to high relative speeds are avoided. However, comparatively high relative speeds are also avoided in the area of the rotary valve control arrangement, since the gas exchange channels rotating with the cylinder rotor lead radially inward, so that the sealing surfaces of the rotary valve control arrangement can be arranged on a comparatively small radius.
- the rotary slide valve control arrangement can also be implemented in the compressor using side surfaces integrally formed by the cylinder rotor or the housing.
- the rotary slide valve control arrangement preferably comprises pairs of ring-shaped sealing disks which lie tightly against one another and in particular are resiliently biased axially against one another, of which at least one expediently consists of ceramic material.
- the resilient preload ensures sufficient sealing forces.
- the sealing washers are on top of one another opposite sides with mutually coaxial, interlocking projections, which form a sealing labyrinth between the sealing washers, so that a sufficient sealing effect is achieved with comparatively low contact forces.
- rotary slide control arrangements are provided in the direction of the first axis of rotation on both sides of the cylinder rotor, which are arranged in both axially lateral walls
- Rotary gas exchange channels provided in the cylinder rotor are alternately connected to stationary inlet gas exchange channels and stationary outlet gas exchange channels via arcuate control slots.
- the inlet gas exchange channels are preferably connected to a common inlet opening, additionally or alternatively the outlet gas exchange channels can also be connected to a common outlet opening.
- the housing preferably consists of two housing halves that are mirror-symmetrical to a division plane that runs perpendicular to the first axis of rotation.
- the division level expediently runs through the common inlet and / or outlet openings explained above.
- the manufacture of the cylinder rotor is facilitated if it comprises two rotor parts forming the cylinder walls, of which a first rotor part forms an axially lateral wall of the cylinder rotor and a peripheral wall jointly forming the cylinder roofs, and the second runner part forms a further axial side wall and carries projections in the axial direction which delimit the cylinders between them in the circumferential direction.
- a cylinder rotor manufactured in this way is not only stable, but also the surfaces to be manufactured with narrow tolerances are essentially accessible without undercuts, so that they can be machined precisely in a simple manner.
- FIG. 1 shows an axial longitudinal section through a first embodiment of a two-stroke internal combustion engine according to the invention of the cylindrical rotor type
- Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a
- FIGS. 1 and 2 shows a schematic illustration of a variant of the internal combustion engine from FIGS. 1 and 2;
- FIG. 6 shows a partial axial longitudinal section through a second embodiment of a two-stroke internal combustion engine of the cylinder rotor type according to the invention
- FIG. 7 shows a sectional view of the internal combustion engine, seen along a line VII-VII in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 8 shows a partial axial longitudinal section through a third embodiment of a two-stroke internal combustion engine according to the invention.
- FIG. 9 shows an axial longitudinal section through a compressor of the cylindrical rotor type according to the invention, seen along a line IX-IX in FIG. 10 and 10 shows an axial cross section through the compressor, seen along a line XX in FIG. 9.
- the two-stroke internal combustion engine shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a housing 1 with an essentially cylindrical interior 3, in which a star-shaped cylinder rotor 5 is arranged so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation 7.
- the cylinder rotor 5 is mounted on roller bearings 9 on bearing lugs 11 of the housing 1.
- the cylinder rotor 5 contains six cylinders 13, in each of which a piston 15 is arranged displaceably perpendicular to the axis of rotation 7.
- the cylinders 13 and pistons 15 are aligned in pairs on opposite sides of the axis of rotation 7, i.e. coaxial, arranged.
- the axes of the cylinder pairs are angularly offset from one another by 120 ° around the axis of rotation 7 and are preferably in the same axis-normal plane of the cylinder rotor.
- the pistons 15 assigned to one another in pairs are rigidly connected to one another by piston rods 17.
- a crankshaft 21 is rotatably mounted in roller bearings 19 about an axis of rotation 23 offset parallel to the axis of rotation 7 by an eccentricity e (FIG. 1).
- the crankshaft 21 has three stationary eccentric circular disks 25 arranged axially next to one another, which are seated in bearing openings 27 of the piston rods 17 and guide the piston rods 17 via needle bearings 29.
- the eccentric circular disks 25 define eccentric bearings with eccentric rotary axes 31 that are parallel to the axis of rotation 23 of the crankshaft 21 but offset by the value of the eccentricity e relative to the axis of rotation 23.
- the eccentric rotary axes 32 of the three eccentric circular disks 25 are also opposed by 120 ° ⁇ offset each other around the axis of rotation 23.
- the Eccentric circular disks 25 have a radius which is larger than the eccentricity e and are preferably connected to one another exclusively in their radial overlap region.
- the pistons 15 move when the cylinder rotor 5 rotates about the axis of rotation 7 along a path which intersects the axis of rotation 7 in a plane normal to the axis.
- the eccentric axis of rotation 32 which coincides with the center axis of the eccentric disk 25, also moves on this path.
- the three pairs of pistons are guided on the crankshaft 21 exclusively via their piston rods 17.
- the crankshaft 21 is in this case rotated relative to the cylinder rotor 5 and at an angular speed that is twice as large as the angular speed at which the cylinder rotor rotates about its axis of rotation 7.
- the eccentricity e since the piston stroke is four times the eccentricity e, is comparatively small, for example in the order of 10 to 20 mm.
- the radius of the eccentric circular disks 25 is smaller than four times the value of the eccentricity e and is normally around 2.5 to 3 times the value of the eccentricity e.
- the cylinder rotor 5 has a central crankcase 31, which is mounted on the bearings 9 and to which the cylinders 13 are screwed.
- the cylinders 13 are closed on the head side by cylinder roofs 33 firmly connected to them and, together with the cylinder roof 33 and a piston roof shown at 35, each delimit a combustion chamber 37 in which the pistons 15 rotating on a circular path between a radially inner dead center position and a radially outer dead center position are moved back and forth.
- 39 denotes an event A flywheel, which is held on the crankshaft 21 and supports the rotation.
- the combustion chambers 37 are assigned spark plugs indicated at 41, which protrude into depressions 43 of the piston roof 35.
- the troughs 43 also form a compression space for the air-fuel mixture to be ignited by the spark plug 41.
- the inlet channels 45 and outlet channels 47 open into at least one inlet slot 51 and at least one outlet slot 53 in the position of the cylinder wall that is released from the radially outer edge 49 of the piston skirt when the pistons 15 are in the dead center position.
- the slots 51 which are generally referred to as gas exchange or flushing slots , 53 are opened or closed for the gas exchange control by the piston 15 in the course of its stroke movement.
- the slots 51, 53 can be arranged at the same height; expediently, however, the outlet slot 53 opens in front of the inlet slot 51 when the piston 15 moves radially inwards.
- Rotary slide control arrangements 55 and 57 are arranged between the axial walls of the cylinder rotor 5 and the axially adjacent side walls of the housing 1.
- the rotary valve control arrangements 55 and 57 have the ends of the gas exchange channels 45, 47 remote from the slot with a stationary inlet channel 59 provided on the housing side or a stationary one to the housing Connect the arranged outlet channel 61 in a position in which the slots 51, 53 are open.
- the rotary slide valve arrangements 55, 57 not only form sealing housing bushings for the cylinder-side inlet ducts 45 and outlet ducts 47, but control the gas exchange in connection with the slots 51, 53, the rotary valve 55 shortening the actual inlet opening time compared to the opening time defined by the inlet slot 51 by the rotary valve 55 compared to the inlet ⁇ slot 51 opens later and / or closes earlier.
- the rotary slide valve 57 also controls the outlet opening time in addition to the outlet slot 53, in that the outlet rotary slide valve 57 opens later than the outlet slot 53 and / or closes earlier than the outlet slot 53.
- the gas exchange can be influenced in addition to the piston-controlled slots 51, 53 and optimized to avoid flushing losses or to improve the loading of the combustion chamber with fresh gases.
- 3 shows a control diagram for one of the cylinders. AT is the radially outer dead center and IT is the inner dead center of the piston. The ignition takes place at the outer dead center.
- the control diagram is run through in a clockwise direction, the control angle of 360 ° corresponding to one revolution of the cylinder rotor 5.
- outlet slot 53 opens and at the same time outlet rotary valve 57 opens (time A '). This starts the exhaust phase.
- Time E opens the inlet slot 51.
- the flushing phase begins at a time thereafter, with the opening of the intake rotary valve 55 at the time E '3.
- the scavenging phase ends with the closing of the outlet rotary valve 57 (A 1 z). Since the rotary valve 57 closes before the inlet slot 51 (time E) and the inlet rotary valve 55 (time E ') simultaneously close, flushing losses are avoided.
- the outlet slot 53 closes after the inlet closes at time A.
- the control diagram dt. 3 represents only one example. In individual cases it may be sufficient if only the inlet times or the outlet times are varied, and accordingly either the inlet rotary valve 55 or the outlet rotary valve 57 can be omitted.
- the rotary valves 55, 57 are of essentially identical construction and each comprise two annular sealing disks 63, 65 which are coaxial with the axis of rotation 7 and which are arranged axially next to one another and are axially resiliently pressed against one another.
- the sealing disk 63 adjacent to the cylinder rotor 5 is provided with holes 67 which match the slot-distant ends of the gas exchange channels 45, 47, while the sealing disk 65 remote from the cylinder rotor 5 each has a hole 69 which matches the gas exchange channels 59 and 61.
- the sealing disk 63 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the cylinder rotor 5 and, like the sealing disk 65 connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the housing 1, can consist of ceramic material.
- the sealing disks are provided on their axially adjacent flat sides with mutually coaxial, annular, mutually interlocking projections or ribs 71, which together form a labyrinth seal.
- the rotary valves 55, 57 do not have to cope with excessively high pressure peaks, since the slots 51, 53 take over the pilot control of the gas exchange. Since the gas exchange channels 45, 47 on the cylinder side are inclined outwards from the slots 51, 53 towards the axis of rotation 7, the diameter of the sealing disks 63, 65 can be kept relatively small, so that the relative sliding speed between the sealing disks 63, 65 is low remains.
- the rotor speed is only half as large as the output speed of the crankshaft 21 compared to conventional internal combustion engines of the cylinder rotor type.
- the rotary slide valves 55, 57 can also be designed in a different way and, for example, instead of the axially abutting surfaces, have cylindrical sealing surfaces or cone sealing surfaces.
- the pistons 15 are narrower in the circumferential direction of the cylinder rotor 5 than in the direction of its axis of rotation 7.
- the width of the pistons 15 in both the circumferential direction and in the axial direction of the cylinder rotor 5 is greater than the stroke and thus greater than four times the eccentricity e.
- the pistons 15 can have a rectangular cross-section or, as is shown in the exemplary embodiment in FIG.
- the sealing disks 63, 65 can be held in an unadjustable manner on the cylindrical rotor 5 or the housing 1.
- the house-side control disk is rotatably mounted on the housing 1 and on Provide teeth 73 in part of its outer circumference.
- the overlap angle of the opening 69 can be adjusted relative to the gas exchange duct on the housing side, for example the outlet duct 61, which means that depending on the direction of the adjustment, the beginning or end of the outlet, based on the outlet ducts 47 , moves.
- the rotation of the sealing disk 65 can also take place during engine operation.
- the piston 15 has circumferential, parallel, flat flat sides 77, while the narrow side surfaces 79 of the piston have the shape of cylinder sections with a semicircular cross-section.
- the inlet channels 45 and outlet channels 47 expand towards the cylinder and open approximately tangentially into the narrow side surfaces 79.
- the direction of purging of the combustion chamber is indicated by an arrow 81; the direction of movement of the cylinder 13 is indicated by an arrow 83.
- the cylinder-side sealing disks 63 are fixedly attached to the cylinder rotor
- the housing-side sealing disks 65 are axially movably guided thereon and are biased by springs 85 toward the cylinder rotor.
- the combustion air is compressed by a blower 87 before fuel is mixed in a carburetor 89 or an injection pump and the air-fuel mixture is supplied to the combustion chambers via the inlet duct 59.
- the inlet rotary valve 55 can, as shown in FIG. 5, be used additionally or alternatively to control the beginning of the inlet or the end of the inlet also to control a second inlet channel 91, which in the direction of rotation of the cylinder barrel in front of the hole 69 of the housing-side sealing disk 65 in one another hole 93 of this sealing washer flows.
- the combustion chamber can first be flushed with fresh air during each working cycle before the air / fuel mixture is loaded into the combustion chamber. In this way, the flushing-related losses in fuel are reduced.
- a compressor or a compressor arrangement of the type described in WO90 / 15918 with double-used pistons or the compressor explained below with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10 can also be used.
- the cylinder barrel 5 is essentially completely enclosed by the housing 1. Since the cylinders 13 each protrude radially, the cylinder rotor 5 acts as a radial fan.
- At least on the side of the outlet rotary valve 57 at least one cooling air inlet duct 95 (FIG. 1) opens radially within the central region of the housing 1 surrounded by the outlet rotary valve 57, said cooling air inlet duct 95 passing through a plurality of radial ducts 97 distributed in the circumferential direction past the outlet rotary valve 57 extends into the interior of the housing 1.
- one or more cooling air outlets 99 are provided, through which the cooling air exits again.
- the cooling air in the area of the outlet rotary valve 57 By supplying the cooling air in the area of the outlet rotary valve 57, the latter is primarily cooled.
- the cylinders are provided with cooling fins in the usual way to improve the heat exchange. It goes without saying that an additional fan can be connected upstream of the cooling air duct 95.
- the two-stroke internal combustion engine is also particularly suitable for stationary operation, since it has relatively small dimensions with high output and is durable due to the low piston speed and the short stroke.
- the coating through the housing 1 reduces the noise emission.
- the housing 1 can on his Be additionally provided on the outside with sound insulation indicated at 101.
- the internal combustion engine is particularly suitable for stationary applications in connection with a working machine 103 coupled to the crankshaft 21, which is in particular the compressor of a heat pump system or an electrical generator, especially a three-phase generator.
- the use for driving a three-phase generator is matched by the crankshaft speed, which is doubled compared to the rotor speed.
- the heat pump system is expediently part of a building heating system, into which the exhaust gas heat is also returned.
- a heat exchanger provided for this purpose is indicated at 105 in FIG. 1.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 show a variant of the two-stroke internal combustion engine explained above, which differs from this internal combustion engine primarily in the type of gas flow. Parts having the same effect are provided in FIGS. 6 and 7 with the reference numbers of FIGS. 1 to 5 and for distinction with the letter a. To explain the basic mode of operation of these components, reference is made to the description of FIGS. 1 to 5. Components 31, 32, 85, 89 and 101 and optionally components 73 and 75 are present, but are not shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The components 55, 91, 93 are not implemented.
- the cylinder rotor 5a of the internal combustion engine shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 forms a crank chamber 107 radially within the space delimited by the pistons 15a, into which the inlet channel 59a supplying the air-fuel mixture opens.
- the inlet channel 59a leads radially through the housing 1a within the area enclosed by the bearing 9a of the cylinder rotor 5a.
- the to the inlet slots 51a leading cylinder-side inlet channels 51a are designed as overflow channels which open with their radially inner ends on the side facing the crankshaft 21a outside the inner dead center position of the piston 15a in the crank chamber 107.
- the pistons 15a are narrower in the circumferential direction of the cylinder rotor 5a than in the axial direction of the cylinder rotor 5a, the narrow side width here also being greater than four times the eccentricity e of the crankshaft 21a.
- the pistons 15a have flat flat sides 79a and narrow sides 79a running parallel to one another in the form of cylinder sections with a semicircular cross section.
- outlet slots 53a are provided on opposite sides of the pistons 15a in the circumferential direction, which are connected by separate outlet channels 47a to the rotary valve 57a provided exclusively on the outlet side.
- the inlet slots 51a as well as the overflow channels 45a are arranged in the region of the semi-cylindrical narrow sides of the pistons and are shaped such that the flushing path 81a, the fresh gases entering the combustion chamber 37a via the outlet slots 51a, along the narrow side surfaces of the combustion chamber 37a shaped in accordance with the piston 15a to the cylinder roof 33a flows.
- the cylinder roof 33a contains two bulges 109 lying side by side in the longitudinal direction of the piston, which deflect the fresh gas flow towards the centrally arranged outlet slots 53a.
- the elongated shape of the pistons 15a in connection with the explained arrangement of the slots 51a, 53a allows a reverse purge of the combustion chamber 37a.
- the internal combustion engine comprises two spark plugs 41a, each associated with one of the bulges 109, which ensure symmetrical ignition and are connected to an ignition system, not shown, via spark contact paths 111 arranged on the inner casing of the housing 1a.
- the fan 87a which conveys the fresh air, is driven by an electric motor 113, the speed of which can be varied via a controller 115.
- the controller 115 which possibly detects the current speed of the cylinder rotor 5a or the crankshaft 21a by means of a speed sensor 117, controls the boost pressure and thus the degree of filling of the combustion chambers 37a via the speed of the electric motor 113.
- By suitably adjusting the filling level it can be achieved that some of the exhaust gases remain in the combustion chamber 37a and are thus returned to the combustion in the next working cycle in order to reduce the pollutant emissions. An exhaust gas recirculation is unnecessary in this way.
- another variable-speed motor can also be used, for example a hydraulic motor or the like.
- Components 113 to 117 can also be used in an internal combustion engine of FIGS. 1 to 5.
- the internal combustion engine of FIGS. 6 and 7 can also be supplemented by components 103, 105.
- the embodiments of the rotary slide valve explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 can also be used in the internal combustion engine of FIGS. 6, 7. The same applies to the design of the machine cooling.
- FIG. 8 shows a variant of the two-stroke internal combustion engine of FIGS. 6 and 7.
- parts having the same effect are provided with the reference numbers from FIGS. 1 to 7 and, to distinguish them, with the letter b.
- the two-stroke internal combustion engine according to FIG. 8 differs from the internal combustion engine of FIGS. 6 and 7 primarily in that instead of a single piston elongated in the axial direction of the cylinder rotor, one cylinder consists of two partial pistons 15b 1 and 15b "
- the partial pistons 15b 'and 15b have a circular cylindrical cross-section and are displaceably arranged axially parallel to one another in two cylinder chambers 13b' and 13b" arranged side by side in the axial direction of the cylinder rotor 5b.
- the cylinder chambers 13b 'and 13b "are separated from one another by a partition 119, which is provided in the region of the common cylinder roof 33b with at least one overflow opening 121 connecting the two combustion chambers 37b.
- the cylinder roof 33b faces the combustion chambers 37b and is provided with indentations 109b for receiving the spark plugs 41b.
- the circular-cylindrical shape of the cylinder chambers 13b ', 13b "and the partial pistons 15b', 15b" of the double-piston arrangement simplifies the sealing without the cylinder capacity which can be accommodated in the cylinder rotor 5b being reduced or the diameter of the cylinder rotor 5b having to be increased.
- the air-fuel mixture supplied via the inlet channel 59b flows via the crank chamber 107b and a plurality of overflow channels 45b arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylinder rotor 5b on either side of one of the two partial pistons, here the partial piston 15b ', into the combustion chamber 37b of this partial piston.
- the partial piston 15b With its radially outer piston edge 49b, the partial piston 15b 'controls the inlet slots 51b of the associated cylinder chamber 13b'.
- the other partial piston 13b "is used exclusively for the control of outlet slots 53b of the other cylinder chamber 13b".
- the outlet slots 53b are in turn arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylinder rotor 5b on both sides of the piston 15b ".
- Outlet gas exchange channels 47b connect the outlet slots 53b to the rotary slide valve 57b provided exclusively on the outlet side and thus to a stationary outlet channel 61b on the housing side, as is shown in FIG 6 and 7 is explained in detail.
- the partial pistons 15b 'and 15b are each also assigned separate piston rods 17b 1 and 17b".
- the two piston rods 17b 'and 17b "of the double piston are arranged at a distance from one another in the axial direction of the cylinder rotor 5b and are guided on eccentric circular disks 25b' and 25b" which are also arranged at a distance from one another.
- the eccentric circular disks 25b 'and 25b in turn sit in needle bearings 29b in bearing openings 27b of the piston rods.
- each of the partial pistons 15b' and 15b" is with a corresponding partial piston on the opposite one Side of the axis of rotation 7b of the cylinder rotor 5b arranged double piston rigidly connected.
- the eccentric axes of rotation defined by the eccentric circular disks 25b 1 and 25b "of the double piston pair run coaxially here.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 show a compressor of the cylinder rotor type, in which the arrangement of the cylinders and Piston and the kinematic movement is selected in accordance with the Zylin ⁇ der rotor machines of FIGS. 1 to 8.
- the reference numbers 1 to 37 reference is made to the description of these figures, in particular FIGS. 1 to 5, the reference numbers additionally being provided with the letter c to distinguish them.
- Components that are specific to internal combustion engines, such as spark plugs or the like, are omitted, and instead of combustion chambers, the pistons and cylinders delimit compressor chambers.
- the pistons 15c are designed as pistons which are elongated in the axial direction of the cylinder rotor 5c and are preferably rectangular in cross section with a straight line; instead of such pistons, the double-piston arrangement according to FIG. 8 can also be used.
- the cylinder rotor 5c comprises, on axially opposite sides, one or more gas exchange channels 125 assigned to the individual cylinders 13c, which, via slots 127, close to the cylinder roof 33c, which is firmly connected to the individual cylinder 13c, in the compression space delimited by the cylinder 13c and the piston 15c 37c open.
- the gas exchange channels 125 run in the walls of the cylindrical rotor 5c and end at a location radially further inward with respect to the slots 127 in openings 129 of sealing disks 131, which are connected to side walls 133 of the cylindrical rotor 5c that run in a rotationally fixed manner perpendicular to the axis of rotation 7c .
- the sealing disk 135 forms, possibly together with the one adjacent to it Side wall of the housing lc, two control slots 139 and 141 (FIG.
- control slot 139 forms an inlet control slot and connects the opening 129 to a common inlet opening 143
- another control slot 141 forms an outlet control slot and connects the openings 129 to a common outlet opening 145.
- control slots 141 As shown in FIG. 9 for the control slots 141, these are led together to the outlet opening 145 via channels 147.
- the control slots 139 are also connected to the common inlet opening 143.
- the openings 143, 145 lie in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 7c, along which the housing 1c is divided into two housing halves that are mirror-symmetrical to the plane. The leadership of the channels is chosen so that the openings 143, 145 are close together.
- the housing lc facilitates its manufacture. Since the gas exchange channels 125c are guided radially inward from the area of the cylinder roofs 33c, the rotary slide valves 137 can be arranged on a comparatively small diameter, which reduces the relative rotational speed of the two sealing disks 131, 135.
- the sealing disks are provided on their abutting surfaces with interlocking, concentric ribs or grooves 149, which together form a labyrinth seal. Since the sealing washers 131, 135 against one another either due to their inherent elasticity or by prestressing axially acting springs are tensioned, sufficient sealing of the compressor spaces 37c can be achieved. It is particularly advantageous that no seals on the outer circumference of the cylinder rotor 5c are required as a result of the cylinder roofs 33c firmly connected to the cylinder rotor.
- the cylinder rotor 5c is essentially composed of two components, one of which comprises one of the side walls 133 and the peripheral wall which also forms the cylinder roofs 33c and the other component comprises the other side wall 133 and projections 151 protruding therefrom which form the walls of the cylinders 13c lying in the circumferential direction.
- Components of this type can be comparatively easily and precisely manufactured, since they essentially have no undercuts.
- the compressor explained above can be driven by any drive machine, but is preferably coupled to an internal combustion engine according to FIGS. 1 to 8 and used for the pre-compression of the air and / or the air-fuel mixture.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4228639A DE4228639A1 (de) | 1992-08-28 | 1992-08-28 | Zylinderläufermaschine |
DE4228639 | 1992-08-28 | ||
PCT/EP1993/002325 WO1994005902A1 (de) | 1992-08-28 | 1993-08-27 | Zylinderläufermaschine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0656992A1 true EP0656992A1 (de) | 1995-06-14 |
EP0656992B1 EP0656992B1 (de) | 1997-01-22 |
Family
ID=6466647
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93919205A Expired - Lifetime EP0656992B1 (de) | 1992-08-28 | 1993-08-27 | Zweitakt-zylinderläufermaschine |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5720241A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0656992B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE148201T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4228639A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1994005902A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (33)
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DE19611824C1 (de) * | 1996-03-26 | 1997-06-19 | Josef Gail | Dampfmotor |
GB9721155D0 (en) * | 1997-10-06 | 1997-12-03 | Gahan John P | Rotary two-stroke engine |
US6264442B1 (en) * | 1999-01-28 | 2001-07-24 | Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University | High volume positive displacement pump with gear driven rotary valves |
US6253717B1 (en) | 1999-04-16 | 2001-07-03 | Lonny J. Doyle | Rotary engine |
US20050109294A1 (en) * | 2000-05-15 | 2005-05-26 | Wondergem Anthony L. | Rotary cylinder fluid pressure machine |
US6659744B1 (en) * | 2001-04-17 | 2003-12-09 | Charles Dow Raymond, Jr. | Rotary two axis expansible chamber pump with pivotal link |
WO2002095202A1 (en) | 2001-05-23 | 2002-11-28 | Moe Cordell R | Rotary engine |
DE10144078A1 (de) * | 2001-09-07 | 2003-04-24 | Opel Adam Ag | Sitz für einen Personenkraftwagen |
US6684755B2 (en) | 2002-01-28 | 2004-02-03 | Bristol Compressors, Inc. | Crankshaft, compressor using crankshaft, and method for assembling a compressor including installing crankshaft |
US20070137595A1 (en) * | 2004-05-13 | 2007-06-21 | Greenwell Gary A | Radial engine power system |
DE102005033448A1 (de) * | 2005-07-18 | 2007-01-25 | Josef Gail | Druckgas-Zylinderläufermotor |
FR2891582A1 (fr) * | 2005-10-03 | 2007-04-06 | Jacques Busseuil | Mecanisme a pistons et cylindres rotatifs |
US8052401B2 (en) * | 2005-10-11 | 2011-11-08 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Double-acting radial piston hydraulic apparatus |
US8225753B2 (en) * | 2006-10-12 | 2012-07-24 | Joe Mark Sorrels | Sorrels engine |
DE102007039517B4 (de) | 2007-08-21 | 2010-04-29 | Waechter-Spittler, Freiherr von, Hartmut | Rotierende Hubkolbenmaschine |
WO2009024580A1 (de) * | 2007-08-21 | 2009-02-26 | Freiherr Von Waechter-Spittler | Anlage mit rotationshubkolbenmaschine |
US8986253B2 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2015-03-24 | Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. | Two chamber pumps and related methods |
CN101280737B (zh) * | 2008-05-14 | 2013-09-11 | 白坤生 | 配气活塞式斯特林发动机 |
US8408421B2 (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2013-04-02 | Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. | Flow regulating stopcocks and related methods |
AU2009293019A1 (en) | 2008-09-19 | 2010-03-25 | Tandem Diabetes Care Inc. | Solute concentration measurement device and related methods |
US20110152770A1 (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-06-23 | Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. | Infusion pump system with disposable cartridge having pressure venting and pressure feedback |
DE102010003537A1 (de) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-06 | Josef Gail | Wärmekraftanlage |
DE102010020877B4 (de) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-12-08 | Wolfgang Müller-Mudrony | Doppelzylinder-Zweitaktmotor mit Gleichstromspülung |
CN102269049B (zh) * | 2010-10-09 | 2013-04-24 | 湖北新火炬科技股份有限公司 | 一种转子发动机及其配气机构 |
CN102486125A (zh) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-06-06 | 石殿来 | 三塞二级加力内燃机 |
US8997627B2 (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2015-04-07 | Paul Michael Passarelli | Thermal engine with an improved valve system |
FR2975438B1 (fr) * | 2011-05-17 | 2015-07-03 | Gdf Suez | Moteur thermique a carter rotatif |
US9180242B2 (en) | 2012-05-17 | 2015-11-10 | Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. | Methods and devices for multiple fluid transfer |
US9173998B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2015-11-03 | Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. | System and method for detecting occlusions in an infusion pump |
US9587558B2 (en) | 2013-11-24 | 2017-03-07 | Vengen Technologies Llc | Internal combustion engine |
NO348050B1 (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2024-07-08 | Vading Holding As | Compressor |
RU2756490C1 (ru) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-09-30 | Валерий Владиславович Гридин | Ротативный двухтактный дизельный двигатель с прямоточно-клапанной системой газообмена и насос-форсункой высокого давления, устройство головки цилиндра и способ наддува |
CN117145773A (zh) * | 2022-05-23 | 2023-12-01 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 流体机械和换热设备 |
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DE12807C (de) * | P. SAMAIN in Blois (Frankreich) | Neuerungen an mehrcylindrigen Rotationsapparaten. ('Kraftmaschinen, Pumpen, Flüssigkeitsmesser) | ||
GB113158A (en) * | 1917-02-21 | 1918-02-14 | Sam Carter | Improvements in Two-stroke Rotary Internal Combustion Engines. |
DE854283C (de) * | 1951-01-31 | 1952-11-04 | Paul Paffrath | Viertakt-Brennkraft-Sternmotor |
CH442865A (de) * | 1966-02-23 | 1967-08-31 | Wyssbrod Hans | Kolbenmotor mit umlaufenden Zylindern |
US3521533A (en) * | 1966-11-25 | 1970-07-21 | Gilbert Van Avermaete | Rotary machine,such as a rotary internal combustion engine,turbine,compressor,and the like |
US3739756A (en) * | 1969-08-04 | 1973-06-19 | T Villella | Internal combustion engine |
US3599612A (en) * | 1969-08-04 | 1971-08-17 | Tony R Villella | Internal combustion engine |
GB1446851A (en) * | 1972-08-12 | 1976-08-18 | Anidyne Corp | Rotary machines |
US4094278A (en) * | 1973-02-19 | 1978-06-13 | Walter Franke | Two-stroke combustion engines |
US4010719A (en) * | 1973-05-04 | 1977-03-08 | Lappa Cleto L | Rotary internal combustion engine |
US4038949A (en) * | 1975-04-16 | 1977-08-02 | Farris Victor W | Rotary-radial internal combustion engine |
US4136646A (en) * | 1977-09-30 | 1979-01-30 | Lappa Cleto L | Two cycle rotary internal combustion engine |
WO1987003042A1 (en) * | 1985-11-12 | 1987-05-21 | Sidney Hugh Russell | Orbital engine with radial cylinders |
DE3619612A1 (de) * | 1986-06-11 | 1987-12-17 | Fritz Opel | Hochverdichtende innenachsige kreiskolben-brennkraftmaschine |
WO1988008483A1 (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1988-11-03 | Josef Gail | Planetary piston internal combustion engine |
FR2639676A1 (fr) * | 1988-11-25 | 1990-06-01 | Calmet Alain | Moteur a combustion deux temps avec rotor multicylindres en etoile |
JPH04506241A (ja) * | 1989-06-12 | 1992-10-29 | ガイル,ヨーゼフ | ピストン機関 |
DE3919168A1 (de) * | 1989-06-12 | 1990-12-13 | Josef Gail | Kolbenmaschine |
-
1992
- 1992-08-28 DE DE4228639A patent/DE4228639A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-08-27 WO PCT/EP1993/002325 patent/WO1994005902A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1993-08-27 EP EP93919205A patent/EP0656992B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-08-27 DE DE59305283T patent/DE59305283D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-08-27 AT AT93919205T patent/ATE148201T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-08-27 US US08/392,764 patent/US5720241A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO9405902A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0656992B1 (de) | 1997-01-22 |
DE59305283D1 (de) | 1997-03-06 |
WO1994005902A1 (de) | 1994-03-17 |
ATE148201T1 (de) | 1997-02-15 |
US5720241A (en) | 1998-02-24 |
DE4228639A1 (de) | 1994-03-03 |
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