EP0656963B1 - Adjustable heating device for a running thread - Google Patents

Abstract

A heating device is disclosed for a running thermoplastic thread guided along a heated surface over heating bars. The heat flow on the thread is variable, in particular by modifying the height or the width of the heating bars, and/or by modifying the contact length with the thread. For that purpose the heating bars may be adjustable and/or the path of the thread may be varied by means of thread guides.

Description

The invention relates to a heating device, in particular a elongated body, such as B. a heating tube for heating a running thread.

Such a heater finds e.g. Use on a false twist crimping machine.

Devices for heating running chemical threads in false twist crimping processes are known. In general, they have rails that are in elongated heating chambers that can be heated to a certain temperature lie, and over which a thread is guided over thread carriers, so-called webs can be heated.

For stretching and thermally fixing synthetic threads tubular thread overflow body known. For example, the DE-AS 13 03 384 an overflow body, which is wrapped by the thread becomes. This overflow body has a rotationally symmetrical shape and is provided with a bead at the end of the thread and from his Thread run-up to its end of thread run from the thread stretching up the thread fixing temperature can be continuously heated and so on designed and arranged so that it is of the thread in the form of a steep Thread can be wrapped. This thread overflow body is in its structure is complicated and requires one for its manufacture Variety of expensive work steps. In addition, he should not be using the modern high-speed processes reliability.

In modern false twist crimping processes, the threads run with considerable Speed. The temperatures prevailing in the heating chambers are therefore correspondingly high, which can lead to damage to the thread can when it comes into contact with the heating surfaces of the heater is coming. It is also difficult to keep the thread path even above the heating surface, especially in curved heating chambers simple way to ensure that the running thread is damage free to warm up. In addition, it is with the known heaters not possible the given curvature or length of a Change thread path without much effort.

Because such heating devices also apply to machining and processing of foil tapes and filaments are found, foil tapes and filaments always included, if in the following by a thread is spoken.

In particular, polyamide is used as the thermoplastic material for the thread or polyethylene terephthalate (PA6, PA6.6), but without Restricted to these materials.

EP 0483 989 A1 describes a heating device for heating a Fadens, especially for a false twist crimping machine known. The Heating device has a radiator, which is along a thread path extends. There is a gap above the heating surface of the radiator a thread led to this. There is a plurality on the heating surface of longitudinal areas acting as thread carriers, by their Height above the heating surface the heat transfer from the heating surface is set on the thread. Furthermore, the heat transfer by changing the length of the thread path along the radiator be determined. There is no steplessness in this device The thread path can be changed relative to the heating surface.

The object of the invention is to provide a heating device in which the heat transfer to the thread can be varied in a simple manner can, in particular without changing the temperature of the heating device. That is, a thread heating device is to be provided with the invention temperature profiles that lie within wide limits the required heat transfer conditions. In particular, with the invention Heater will be provided, the changes in both the Curvature as well as in the length of the thread path and in the Thread overflow or contact length makes possible. Thereby the Heating device especially at high temperatures of all Components can be operated where the self-cleaning effects can be used effectively.

This object is achieved by the subject matter of claim 1 or by a heating device according to claim 29. Further advantageous configurations are in the dependent claims described and will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing.

Through a relative movement at the entrance and exit of the thread track intended thread guide with respect to each other can not only the Length of the thread path can be changed, but it is at accordingly variable width and / or height of those acting as thread carriers Longitudinal areas on the heating surface also possible, the temperature profile the heat transfer acting on the thread controllable change.

By changing the width of the thread overflow webs Vary the dwell time of a thread on the heating surface. This means, by the size of the heated surface on which the thread lies is changed, the one transferred to the thread also changes Warmth. In addition, by changing the the non-contact zones between the webs the heat transfer is adjustable. Another possible variation is given by webs that are variable in height, which allow the distance between the heating surface itself and the thread track set uniformly or variably.

In a preferred embodiment, the radiator is a pipe put rings or washers as thread overflow webs. The peripheral surfaces these rings serve as thread contact or overflow surfaces and bring about the heat transfer to the one running over them Thread. The rings can be more uniform around their circumference or continuously or stepwise variable width and / or Height. The axial distance between them can be constant and be unchangeable, or it can close or in the thread running direction lose weight or otherwise be changeable.

It is expressly pointed out that the examples here as Tubes shown heating surfaces in their shape the respective Requirements can be adjusted. So the teaching of Invention also in connection with level heaters or with Groove heaters are used.

The rings can penetrate the surface of the radiator cut grooves may be spaced apart, or they may be on the surface can be fixed or adjustable.

The thread overflow lengths can be changed in that Thread running direction immediately in front of and behind the heating element be provided in their position relative to the radiator and / or are mutually adjustable. If necessary, these Thread guide but also at the entrance and exit of the radiator itself be provided.

Incidentally, with regard to exemplary shapes and adjustability the thread carrier referred to the description.

In particular, it should be noted that the invention Heating device can be operated in a temperature range, which is the self-cleaning temperature of the heated surface corresponds. Through suitable design and a thermally close Connection to the actual heating surface of the heating device can namely heating surface and thread carrier in operation on one high temperature, especially at a temperature kept above a temperature necessary for self-cleaning without damaging the thread.

It has surprisingly been found that there is a risk of burns for the thread at high temperatures and thin threads does not exist even if - continues to be proposed as advantageous - the height of the thread carriers between about 0.1 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 3 mm. The lower limit is due to the curvature of the heating surface and the steepness the helix in which the thread is guided or the curvature the heating surface, as well as by the distance between each other following thread carriers and must be chosen so that the thread does not touch the heating surface itself.

The following should be emphasized: Both the fact that thread carriers and the heating surface have particularly good thermal contact, as well the fact that the webs are only one against the heating surface have low heights - each one for itself, as well as special together - a significant improvement over the state of the Technology. These improvements are with every type of high temperature heater, where the thread is in a curved thread line is guided along a heating surface, advantageously applicable. A Particularly good thermal contact can be achieved through a one-piece design heating surface and thread carriers or through good thermal conductivity attached thread carriers can be realized.

It is also an additional object of the invention to provide a filament heater to create the self-cleaning properties above in addition to influencing the heat transfer according to the invention on a running thread for the respective application enables.

The invention makes use of the knowledge that the Self-cleaning temperature in the order of approximately 430 degrees Celsius lies, and that about the influence of the heat transfer of the heated surface on the thread to be heated the thread a lower temperature e.g. Exposed to 330 degrees Celsius becomes.

These measures are particularly advantageous when thermoplastic Threads with low titers of e.g. 22 dtex (20 den.) And for example a thread speed of approx. 1000 meters per minute pass through the heating device according to the invention.

These measures can practically automatically prevent that the heated surface through continuous deposits from the passing Thread gradually grows so that the heating conditions for the running thread over the entire length of the thread essentially can be kept constant.

This option is particularly useful if a heating device is provided for several threads to be heated. In this Trap can one of the thread heating zones during the cleaning phase other thread in its associated thread heating zone continuously continue to run without the self-cleaning of the first thread heating zone an impact on the quality of the thread still running in the second thread heating zone.

It may also be useful to set the thread heating zones at certain intervals to turn under the running thread or to move to regular self-cleaning of the filament heating zones to get.

In the following, to a special embodiment of the invention received, which as a heater for a false twist crimping machine Application, and a heating device according the preamble of independent claims 1 and 29.

This heating device is described in EP 0 412 429 A2. Of the One advantage of this heating device is its high heating output, which is transferable to the thread and a short length of Heater allowed. The other advantage is the self-cleaning effect.

It has been found that this self-cleaning effect over the Length of the heater is different.

An additional object of the invention with regard to this particular Embodiment is to continue the known heater To design that a cleaning of the heater from baked or Cracked residues of the thermoplastic thread material are not required becomes.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the heater have an entrance area in which the thread is only slight or has no contact with thread carriers by only holding the thread carriers there be arranged at a large distance. Preferably the Entrance area only with an entrance thread guide and the exit area only equipped with a starting thread guide. About that it also proves advantageous that the input thread guide is cold remains. For this reason, it is suggested that the input thread guide has no thermal contact with the heating surface. This keeps the thread guide essentially cold so that it does not secretions of thermoplastic material can occur. Of the the thread guide on the output side, on the other hand, is said to be self-cleaning to have. It is therefore preferably directly with the heating surface connected and lies at the beginning of the so-called "rule section", the adjoins the entrance area.

The control section is the section in which the thread reaches its set temperature receives. There are several thread carriers in the control section arranged. These thread carriers have the same or - from each other represented by the above-mentioned EP 0 412 429 A2 - variable Distances.

By using the thread carrier in the control section ensures that the thread with a precisely definable distance from the Heating surface is performed. In addition, to ensure that the thread in the entrance section is not in contact with the heating surface device, it is further proposed that the heating device receives a gradation between the input section and the control section, such that the distance of the heating surface in the entrance section of the thread path is larger, preferably a multiple of that Distance is that the thread path in the control section of the Heating surface, as e.g. is known from EP-A1-0 483 989.

It continues to improve self-cleaning properties provided that the thread carriers as webs on the heating surface are attached and have good heat-conducting contact. Furthermore, be provided that the webs and the heating surface from one Pieces are manufactured, d. that is, the heating surface from webs and so that there are alternating wells. Each of these measures is suitable and determined to ensure that the webs on the same high temperature as the heating surface is heated, d. H. to temperatures higher than 300 ° C to 350 ° C.

The arrangement of the thread carriers according to the invention ensures that that the thread carriers are only arranged in the zone in which the temperature of the thread reached on the one hand and the heater temperature on the other hand, ensure self-cleaning. In the control area there is an exact temperature control of the heating device, namely preferably by regulation. Due to the precise guidance of the thread, relative to the heater, it ensures that the thread assumes the specified target temperature. It can be variable Widths of the thread carriers with respect to a running thread with movable ones Thread carriers the so-called dwell time of the thread in wide Limits are kept changeable, d. H. the interface between Thread and thread carrier is depending on the thread or on Radiator measured temperatures set. In the entrance section the exact guidance of the thread is dispensed with. Here is from made use of the knowledge that the Heating the thread with large temperature gradients between Heating device and thread takes place and therefore an exact temperature control the thread is neither wanted nor possible.

The heating of the thread in the control area causes the The outer layers of the thread assume the desired temperature. However, uniform heating of the thread is required its entire cross section. This goal is achieved in that the control section is followed by an end section in which again thread carrier with a large distance or no thread carrier is arranged. To avoid the thread in contact with the Heating surface of the heating device should also be preferred here the distance between the thread path and the heating surface is larger, preferably be a multiple of the distance, which thread run and Have a heating surface in the control range. By this arrangement of the End section ensures that with little heat transfer Heat loss can be prevented and an even distribution the heat supplied in the control section over the entire Thread cross-section takes place.

A large, unsupported length of thread can be purchased in the entrance section be taken; it turned out that in the entrance section the tendency of the thread to oscillate is low. A Length of 400 mm - 500 mm is possible. The length should, however Limitation of the effort to be extended to what Achieving the desired preheating of the thread is necessary.

The end section is in any case shorter than the entrance section. The The length of the end section is preferably limited to 300 mm and should be even shorter in particular.

The distance between the thread run and the heating surface in the end section and in the entrance section is larger, preferably a multiple of that Distance in the control range, but preferably also limited to 5 mm, preferably 3 mm.

From the fact that the touch length affects the thread carrier which has heat transfer can be particularly within the scope of this invention be used advantageously.

The optimization of the heating effect on the thread is of great importance Significance for the quality of the thread and its texturing in the False twist crimping machine. For this reason, the invention proposes that the contact length of the thread carrier is infinitely adjustable. This can also an optimal setting of the heating effect on each desired thread speed and thread diameter (titer) respectively. To do this, heating device and Design thread carriers so that the thread carriers are interchangeable.

To optimize the effect of heating and to adapt to the thread speed and titer is also proposed as advantageous the ratio of the contact length of the thread guide to the non-contact To make the length of the heating device continuously adjustable, in particular in the area of the control area. A heater can e.g. B. the shape have a pipe, on the circumference of which there are several in the circumferential direction in their axial extension widening webs are provided. These webs can be successively arranged offset on the circumference be. It is thereby achieved that the screw-wrapping around the tube Thread touches the webs one after the other in areas which the webs have essentially the same contact length.

Another embodiment that can be adjusted at any time Heating effect on the specific process parameters, especially thread titer and running speed allowed consists of a through Composed sections of radiators variable in length.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the Possibility of an essentially smooth surface Heating tube to put a sleeve or a cage, the inside diameter corresponds to the outside diameter of the heating pipe and its mantle through recesses lined up in rows same shape is permeated. Preferably lie in the Cuff lines of uniform recesses diametrically opposite, preferably next to these lines of recesses lined up Lines with recesses of other shapes lie. Preferably the lines run parallel to the axis. Between the strings Recesses correspond to the shape of the recesses uniform circumferentially extending webs. The cuff is secured on the heating pipe against axial displacement, can but be rotated. On the one hand, this has the advantage that by gradually turning the cuff on the tube of thread can always be run over a clean overflow point of the webs; on the other hand, the thread through the different design the webs are heated in wide temperature ranges. Because in the cuff has uniform webs or recesses diametrically opposite or repeating at certain angular intervals, overflow paths for two or more threads are formed. in the the rest are those between the rows in the longitudinal direction of the cuff extending webs of no importance for the essence of the invention.

Embodiments of the invention, but not limited to these are shown in the drawings and are described below described in more detail.

Fig. 1

eine Draufsicht auf eine zum Führen eines Fadens geeignete Scheibe

Fig. 2

einen Schnitt entlang Linie II-II in Figur 3;

Fig. 3

eine Seitenansicht zur Erläuterung des Aufbaus der Heizeinrichtung;

Fig. 4

eine Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Grundform;

Fig. 5

eine Seitenansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform der Grundform; und

Fig. 6

eine vierte Ausführungsform mit verstellbaren Fadenführern der Grundform in Seitenansicht.

Fig. 7

eine Schnittansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Heizeinrichtung mit Ringen, deren Höhe sich in Umfangsrichtung ändert.

Fig.8

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Heizeinrichtung gem. Fig. 7 mit relativ zueinander verdrehbaren Fadenführern;

Fig. 9

eine Draufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Heizeinrichtung mit sich in Umfangsrichtung ändernden Stegbreiten und Steghöhen;

Fig. 10

eine axiale Aufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Heizeinrichtung;

Fig. 11

ein Anwendungsbeispiel in einer Falschzwirnkräuselmaschine;

Fig. 12

ein allgemeines Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit zwei gleichartigen Fadenheizzonen;

Fig. 13

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit einer nichtverstellbaren und einer verstellbaren Fadenheizzone;

Fig. 14

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit zwei unterschiedlich einstellbaren Fadenheizzonen;

Fig. 15

axiale Aufsichten auf Heizeinrichtungen mit jeweils zwei Fadenheizzonen und elliptischen Ringen beziehungsweise exzentrischen Ringen;

Fig. 16

einen weiteren Längsschnitt;

Fig. 17

die Ansicht eines rohrförmigen Heizers;

Fig. 18

ein modifiziertes Ausführungsbeispiel eines rohrförmigen Heizers;

Fig. 19

eine Draufsicht auf den Rohling einer Fadenüberlaufmanschette in ausgerolltem Zustand mit drei Paaren voneinander unterschiedlichen Fadenüberlaufstegen;

Fig. 20

eine perspektivische Ansicht, in verkleinertem Maßstab, eines Heizrohres mit darauf gestülpter Manschette;

Fig. 21

einen Längsschnitt durch ein aus mehreren zueinander verstellbaren Abschnitten bestehendes Heizrohr; und

Fig. 22

einen Längsschnitt durch ein anderes aus Abschnitten bestehendes Heizrohr.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a plan view of a disk suitable for guiding a thread

Fig. 2

a section along line II-II in Figure 3;

Fig. 3

a side view for explaining the structure of the heater;

Fig. 4

a side view of another embodiment of the basic shape;

Fig. 5

a side view of a third embodiment of the basic shape; and

Fig. 6

a fourth embodiment with adjustable thread guides of the basic shape in side view.

Fig. 7

a sectional view of a heating device according to the invention with rings, the height of which changes in the circumferential direction.

Fig. 8

a perspective view of a heater acc. 7 with thread guides which can be rotated relative to one another;

Fig. 9

a plan view of a heating device according to the invention with web widths and web heights changing in the circumferential direction;

Fig. 10

an axial view of a heating device according to the invention;

Fig. 11

an application example in a false twist crimping machine;

Fig. 12

a general embodiment of the invention with two similar filament heating zones;

Fig. 13

a further embodiment of the invention with a non-adjustable and an adjustable thread heating zone;

Fig. 14

a further embodiment of the invention with two differently adjustable filament heating zones;

Fig. 15

axial plan views of heating devices, each with two filament heating zones and elliptical rings or eccentric rings;

Fig. 16

another longitudinal section;

Fig. 17

the view of a tubular heater;

Fig. 18

a modified embodiment of a tubular heater;

Fig. 19

a plan view of the blank of a thread overflow sleeve in the rolled-out state with three pairs of different thread overflow webs;

Fig. 20

a perspective view, on a smaller scale, of a heating tube with a sleeve placed thereon;

Fig. 21

a longitudinal section through a heating tube consisting of several mutually adjustable sections; and

Fig. 22

a longitudinal section through another heating pipe consisting of sections.

In the following description of the various embodiments the same reference numerals for the same parts of the invention used.

The basic form of the heating device shown in FIG. 3 has a tube 1, hereinafter Heating tube, on. The heating tube 1 carries two in its interior parallel heating resistors 6, preferably from each other and from the inner surface of the heating tube 1 of a suitable insulating material such as magnesium oxide or magnesium silicate powder are separated. The heating tube 1 consists of a good heat-conducting metal, such as steel or preferably made of a copper-aluminum alloy.

A plurality of rings or disks are placed on the heating tube 1 2. These disks shown in detail in FIGS. 1 and 2 2 are circular and provided with a radial slot 5, the clear width essentially the diameter of the heating tube 1 corresponds and its opposite edges parallel to each other lie. The outer edge of the discs 2 is spherical. In the There is a plurality of one end face of the disks Wells or recesses 4, which are equidistant from each other and lie from the axis of the disc 2. From the opposite The end face of the disc 2 is used as a spacer Pin 3 before, the distance from the axis of the disc Distance of the recesses 4 corresponds to the disc axis.

The discs 2 are so on the heating tube 1 that the one Disc 2 protruding pin 3 into a recess 4 of an adjacent Disc stands, the discs 2 preferably in regular angular displacement to each other on the heating tube, so that the Openings of the slots 5 and the pins 3 in coils the heating tube surrounded, or lie one above the other in a grid pattern in the axial direction of the tube 1. To fix the rings 2 on the tube 1, in the Slots 5 a spring clip 10 are inserted if necessary, whose leg is against the opposite slot edges put on and the tip of the tube 1.

The spherical edges of the disks 2 serve to guide a thread 7, via an input thread guide 8 to those of the crowned Edges of the disks 2 formed thread overflow surface of the heating device is placed and this is angled to the thread carrier 8 and axially offset starting thread guide 9 leaves. That is, the Thread 7 wraps around the device in a spiral, the slope depends on the offset of the thread carriers 8 and 9 to each other. At least one of the thread carriers is relative to the other around the Axis of the heating tube 1 pivotable so that the length of the Thread path over the disks 2 by changing the slope of the can be changed by the thread 7 formed helix. The positions of the Thread carriers 8 and 9 are on both sides of the slots 5 and The helix of the thread 7 is located outside the slots 5 Area of the washers 2.

Preferably, the disks are made of a heat and scale resistant Material, e.g. B. aluminum oxide or titanium oxide. To the To increase the abrasion resistance of the window edges, you can use these if necessary be coated with a suitable metal and its thread friendliness to increase, the edge of the pane can be ground or polished be.

The basic form shown in Fig. 4 consists of one provided with an electrical heating resistor wire 6 Heating tube 1, which is surrounded by a plurality of rings 2. The Rings 2 are fixed to the heating tube 1, for example by soldering connected and are equidistant from each other. The rings 2 but can also be formed by beads that are in regular Gaps in the tube. The rings can too be spaced apart by grooves that are in the outer jacket of the heating tube 1 are incorporated. The radially protruding circumferential surface the ring 2 is crowned and is more thread-friendly Nature. The rings 2 serve a thread 7 at a distance to lead over the lateral surface of the heated tube 1, the Thread overflow path is preferably helical around tube 1 loops. As shown schematically, are at both ends of the heating tube 1 thread guides 8 and 9, their offset with respect to each other Determine the slope and length of the thread path. At least one the two thread guides can be adjusted with respect to the other. The means necessary to adjust this thread guide include to the state of the art and are not shown.

The basic form shown in Fig. 5 consists of a heating tube 1 which has an electrical resistance heating wire in its interior 6 and that over its entire length of is surrounded by a helical thread carrier 2. The helical one Thread carrier 2 is z. B. by soldering firmly to the tube 1 connected. Its outward-facing surface is spherical and of thread-friendly nature, d. that is, it exercises on an overflowing Thread out a negligible friction. The thread 7 will here guided in a helix that corresponds to the gears of the thread carrier 2 is opposite. The thread is 8 by means of eyelet-shaped thread guide and 9, which are provided at the run-up and drain end of the heating tube 1 are placed on the helical thread carrier 2. Like the already described embodiments, it is possible to use the thread guide 8.9 to be adjusted relative to each other.

A fourth basic form is shown in FIG. 6. This is also a tube 1 heated by a heating resistor 6. In this case, the tube 1 is wrapped in a helical thread carrier 2, which consists of a flexible material that is as elastic as possible. The thread carrier 2 can for example be a metal tube, the surface lying against the heating tube 1 is flattened so that there is close thermal contact between the heating tube 1 and the thread carrier 2. The connection between the thread carrier 2 and the outer surface of the heating tube 1 is frictional, so that the pitch of the helical thread carrier 2 laying around the heating tube 1 can be changed by one of its ends relative to the other on the outer surface, whereby the slope and length of the thread carrier helix can be changed. Extensions or constrictions resulting from changes in the length of the helix can be adapted to the diameter of the tube 1 by adjusting the helix ends at the beginning of the lateral surface of the tube 1.
In Fig. 6, the helical thread carrier 2 is shown in full lines in an extended and in dash-dotted lines 2a in a pushed together position. Extensions or constrictions resulting from changes in the length of the helix can be adapted to the diameter of the tube 1 by adjusting the helix ends on the circumference of the circumferential surface of the tube 1.

In this way, the length of the thread overflow path on the Heating tube can be changed. By also at the end of the run-up and run-down of the heating tube provided thread guides 8, 9 are adjusted can also increase the thread overflow path change.

The thread overflow heaters described here offer u. a. the Advantages of variable thread overflow paths within wide limits enable. Furthermore, can be held in a row several differently heated thread carriers over the length of one Thread path realize variable temperature profiles.

Furthermore, FIGS. 7-9 and 11-15 show heating devices those at the thread inlet and at the thread outlet of the heating tube 1 Input thread guide 8 and an output thread guide 9 sit, and at of the thread carriers 8, 9 and the tube 1 in the circumferential direction of the Tube are rotatable relative to each other.

This can be done either by rotatably arranged input and / or Starting thread guide 8.9 in cooperation with a stationary Heating pipe 1 can be reached or with a stationary input and / or starting thread guides 8.9 together with one around his Longitudinal axis rotatable heating tube 1 or with rotatable input and / or starting thread guides 8, 9 in cooperation with one rotatable heating tube 1.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7, only the starting thread guide is 9 rotatable relative to the tube while the input thread guide 8 sits stationary.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7, the starting thread guide 9 is seated, formed by the notch 16, coaxial and rotatable on the lower one End of the heating tube 1 and is in the rotating area 15 relative to Tube rotatable.

It can be seen that when the starting thread guide is twisted 9 relative to the tube of the running thread 7 a coil on the Rings 2 describes whose geometry (winding, pitch) of the Rotational position of the notch 16 is dependent on the starting thread guide 9.

For the sake of completeness, it should be said that the heating tube 1 is a has electrical resistance heating, which over the electrical Supply lines 6a is supplied with the heating current.

Furthermore, Figures 7-9 and 11-14 show that the heating devices at the entrance of the heating pipe 1 and / or at the exit of the heating pipe 1 each have an input section 11 or end section 12 can of the passing thread 7 a greater radial distance than the outer surface of the heating tube 1 occupies.

Between the input section 11 and the end section 12 sits Rule section 13, which is another special feature in the present case having.

How to do this can be seen from Figure 9, are the input thread guide 8 and the starting thread guide 9 relative to the heating tube 1 rotatable, which creates an angular range on the surface of the rings 2 forms, as a result of the rotational range 15 of the thread 7th is paintable. This creates an area of possible contact surfaces between the thread and the rings.

The thread 7 can consequently at any point within the predetermined Angular range run, depending on the particular Rotary position of the thread guides 8, 9 and the tube 1 relative to each other.

The rings point in the angular range that can be covered by the thread 7 a changing ring width in the circumferential direction. This means, that the width B of a ring depends on a circumferential coordinate u after a function B (u) changes each can be predetermined. Here the function is linear.

Furthermore, Figure 9 shows the peculiarity that the rings 2 in the possible contact area with the thread 7 in the circumferential direction have changing height H. This means that the height H is a function of the circumferential coordinate u, correspondingly with H (u) is designated.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 9, the width B of the rings is in the circumferential direction in which the height H of the rings decreases. It is therefore to be expected that with increasing contact time of thread 7 on the rings due to the increasing ring width B also in the non-contact longitudinal areas between the rings 2 the heat flow on the thread due to the decreasing at the same time Distance between thread 7 and tubular jacket increases.

In addition, Figures 7 and 8 show that the rings 2 also then in the angular range that can be covered by the thread one in the circumferential direction may have changing height if the Width of the rings 2, i.e. the web width, not in the circumferential direction changes.

These two embodiments of the invention can both in Combination with each other as well as occur separately.

Furthermore, it should be said that the rings can also result from that annular grooves are machined into the tubular jacket in such a way that the rings according to the invention, on which the thread 7 runs, stand stay.

About the function:

The heat transfer from the heating tube 1 to the thread 7 takes place on the one hand at the contact zones which connect the rings 2 with the thread 7 form.

Furthermore, heat flows onto the thread 7 in the thread not touched longitudinal areas between the rings 2. Because the reason the ring grooves between the rings 2 to the running thread one Takes a distance of only a few millimeters, e.g. starting with about 0.5mm and increasing to about 3mm, given the heating temperature the heating tube 1 of about 300 degrees Celsius or more, especially temperatures in the order of the self-cleaning temperature, assume that a relevant heat flow also in the non-contact longitudinal areas.

The total heat flow acting on the thread becomes one Function of the thread path geometry set in relation to the Be tube geometry, because the contact lengths and the non-contact Longitudinal areas, like the ring height, depend on the Relative position of the input thread guide 8 or the output thread guide 9 to the heating pipe 1.

This means that the heat flow transferred can be very sensitive to adjust. Even the slightest changes in the rotational positions relative to each other cause noticeable improvements in overall on one Thread piece of predetermined length acting heat.

The invention makes this finding on the application example use a false twist texturing machine, which is still discussed becomes.

As further shown in Figure 10, several of the invention can Rings 2 are eccentric with respect to the tube axis 17, wherein advantageous the rings in pairs by 180 degrees to each other are offset.

The latter development of the invention offers the additional Advantage that the heating device is symmetrical with respect to the tube axis 17 is, which makes them one for machining and processing Pair of running threads 7.1, 7.2 is suitable.

FIG. 11 also shows a heating device 13, which is a delivery unit 18 is arranged upstream and that the heating device 13 has a cooling zone, the is designed here as a cooling rail 19, and a false twister 20 and a delivery plant 21 are arranged downstream.

FIG. 11 further shows that the input thread guide 8 and the Exit thread guide 9 relative to one another or relative to the heating tube 1 as a function of that measured at the output of the heating device 13 Thread temperature are adjustable. This is used in the exit area of the heating tube 1 arranged temperature sensor 22, the one Output signal delivers, e.g. via a stepper motor 23 each Input thread guide 8 or output thread guide 9 depending on the temperature to adjust. It should be expressly said that the measurement signal of the Temperature sensor 22 also be superimposed on a thread tension signal can, which is generated by the tensile force measuring device 24, and behind the heater.

Among other things, the present invention offers the essentials Advantage that the effective heat transfer from the heater extremely sensitive on the thread in the sense of process optimization can be set, and that in addition a very precise control of the thread temperature can be made to over the to achieve an optimal thread quality over the entire length of the thread.

FIGS. 12-14 also show additional exemplary embodiments the invention.

In these cases, without limiting the invention, to this Embodiment, two filament heating zones 25 each on one Heating device 1 arranged.

In each of the filament heating zones 25, a plurality of webs 2 are transverse to Thread running attached to the heated surface, the Height of the webs the heated surface by at least 0.1 millimeter, but not more than 5 millimeters tall.

It is therefore important that the height of the webs 2 is above the heated one Surface is no more than about 5 millimeters around the Advantages of this heater according to the invention, in particular the Self-cleaning and the sensitive controllability, individually or simultaneously to be able to exploit.

In all cases the thread heating zone is convex towards the thread curved, allowing the thread to be on a Helix line can be passed over the thread heating zone.

The tube can be used as a rotating body, rotating body section or rotating body segment be trained to easily run a thread to reach along a spiral line.

In the context of the present application is under a filament heating zone that area of the heater understood within which has a relevant heat transfer from the heater the thread is possible.

According to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 13, left thread heating zone, also be a single thread line, e.g. if an adjustability the thread path is not provided relative to the heated surface.

However, this can also be done, like FIGS. 12 and 14 and the right one The filament heating zone according to FIG. 13 shows an angular range within a thread of which are guided relative to the heated surface can.

As further shown in Figure 12, it is possible to use both filament heating zones 25a, 25b to be identical. In this case, without Limitation of the invention to this variant, realized that the Width B of the rings 2 changes in the circumferential direction. It is meant to be explicit be said that this alone or in combination with one changing height H of the rings in the circumferential direction according to the invention can be beneficial.

As FIG. 13 also shows, it can also be useful to have only one of the filament heating zones with rings whose width B is in The circumferential direction changes, analogously to the predicted, the height H, while the ring width B in the other of the two filament heating zones is kept constant.

In this case, there is no need for relative adjustability between the input thread guide 8 and output thread guide 9 and provide the filament heating zone 25, since it can be assumed that the Heat transfer from the heated surface to the thread 7 in entire area of the filament heating zone is constant.

However, it should be expressly pointed out that it is for certain use cases may also be useful, the height H of the Rings to vary in the circumferential direction, and then of course a relative adjustability between the heated surface and the running thread makes sense.

As shown in the case of FIG. 12, it is particularly the case with similar ones Thread heating zones make sense if you use these thread heating zones in each case synchronously movable input thread guide 8 or output thread guide 9 assigns which thread guides 8 and 9 in the end areas rotatable thread guide lever 26 sit.

The synchronous mobility can be achieved using a corresponding gear can be easily realized. However, such a transmission is part of the State of the art and shall not be explained in more detail here.

In this way it is also easy to achieve that the thread quality two threads running together over a heating device are identical.

As further shown in FIGS. 15a-e, it is possible to have two Thread heating zones 25a, 25b to be arranged diametrically to one another, and in in this case, the input thread guide 8 or output thread guide 9 so to arrange on the respective thread carrier levers 26 that the threads run at locations with the same operating conditions.

As you can easily imagine, it should be within the scope of the present Invention may also be possible the width B of the rings to change gradually. This means that the width B in pieces is constant and gradually at certain circumferential coordinates, e.g. from a smaller width to a larger width.

What has just been said also applies analogously to a change in the height H The Rings. The invention is also intended to include that the height H changes gradually in the circumferential direction e.g. To get thread running areas, within which a small lateral fluctuation of the contact zone between thread and ring in essentially without influence on the heat transfer between heated Surface and thread remains.

For this purpose it can prove to be advantageous if rings can be changed Width and / or height in the circumferential direction against each other are staggered that in anticipation of any thread running the effective contact zones essentially the same contact times or Allow thread clearances to the outer jacket of the tube.

As further shown in FIGS. 15a-c, it can make sense to use the The outer contour of the rings 2 essentially at least in some areas to be elliptical. In this case it is additionally proposed that two threads 7 run on opposite points of the ellipses.

These places can be both in relation to the long axis as well with respect to the short axis of the ellipse, like that Figures 15a and 15b show.

One of the most effective options for adjustment the thread course is shown in Figure 15c, where one of the Threads 7 only within a between long semiaxis and short semiaxis of the ellipse spanned quadrant runs.

It can be seen that in this case the heat transfer from the heating tube 1 on the thread over the entire length of the thread between the input thread guide 8 and starting thread guide 9 increases continuously or decreases. In the present embodiment there is between the thread on the input thread guide 8 and the heating tube 1 a very large distance, which is in the thread run towards the starting thread guide 9 visibly reduced and at the starting thread guide 9 assumes its lowest value, so that the heat transfer from Input thread guide 8 to output thread guide 9 rises continuously.

Over the entire length of the thread running between input thread guide 8 and Starting thread guide 9 thus becomes an extremely effectively controllable Heat transfer possible because the entire area of the web 2 between the minimum distance in the area of the small semiaxis Ellipse and the maximum distance in the area of the large semiaxis Ellipse is available.

Therefore, within this possible thread contact line, the is optimal possible heat transfer at a certain relative position expected between input thread guide 8 and output thread guide 9 be, in which case a continuously increasing heat transfer from the tube to the thread is made possible.

In this embodiment, therefore, "two are opposite to each other Place the ellipses "two circumferential areas of the ellipse meant, which with respect to the intersection of the long and the short diametric axis.

Furthermore, FIGS. 15d and 15e show eccentrically arranged ones Crosspieces 2. The crosspieces 2 are circular, the center of the circle of the Web 2 with respect to the center of the circle of the heating tube 1 Eccentricity 27 is offset.

Entry thread guide and exit thread guide are for each thread arranged separately on a thread carrier lever 26, namely circumferentially with respect to the center of the ring 2 in the sense same effect on the heated thread rotatable.

In this way it is achieved that the input thread guide is adjusted 8 or output thread guide 9 the heat flow on both Threads is affected to the same extent.

As a supplement to this, FIG. 15e shows the one rotated by 180 degrees 15d represents a situation optimal influence of the heat transfer from the heating tube 1 to the Thread 7 can be reached:

While in the case of FIG. 15d the incoming thread is in the area of the input thread guide 8, a relatively large distance from the heated Surface of the heating tube 1 and the thread running out, however a relatively short distance, the conditions in the case of Figure 15e exactly the opposite.

Here is the incoming thread, in the area of the input thread guide 8, heated up relatively strongly since it is from the heated surface of the Heating tube 1 takes a very short distance, during the outgoing thread, in the area of the starting thread guide 9 from the heated surface takes a relatively large distance.

It should be explicitly said that regarding heat transfer not only the middle of the heated surface on the thread Distance between the heated surface and the thread along the thread path between the entrance and exit of the heating device is relevant, but that the invention has additionally recognized that the Heat transfer from the heated surface to the thread Disproportionate approach of the thread to the heated surface increases.

For this reason, those provided according to the invention can be used Wrestle on the heated surface without further self-cleaning temperatures drive while the temperatures are on the thread act, allow damage-free heating.

Furthermore, the invention enables filament yarns to be different Titer, e.g. 22 dtex (20 den.) Or 44 dtex (40 den.) With the same heating device and to process simultaneously, provided the relative position between the running thread and the heated surface set accordingly becomes.

This means that in heaters with multiple filament heating zones one of the filament heating zones can also be out of order can while another thread heating zone is operating.

Accordingly, one and the same heating device can be used without Change or adjust the temperature of the heated surface different heat flows on different thread qualities just by choosing the relative position between the thread path and the heater.

The following description of the figures relates in particular to Figures 16 to 18. Where the figures have a special description require, this is expressly noted.

The heating device is preferably used in a false twist crimping machine. Such a false twist crimping machine is e.g. B. in DE-PS 37 19 050 and consists of a Variety of supply spools, of which a variety of threads be withdrawn from heating devices over which each thread is guided is made of cooling devices over which each thread is passed a false twister through which each thread has a temporary Drall receives, as well as from input and output supply plants that the Pull the thread from the delivery spools or from the false twister pull it off. Then each thread is on a take-up spool spooled. The heating devices shown relate to that previously described, arranged in the false twist zone heater.

The heating devices 30 shown are tubular. The thread 7 will first guided and passed through an input thread guide 8 then on the circumference of the pipe. The thread is with axial and with circumferential components by a thread guide 9 on the output side passed over the pipe. The thread guide 9 is one around Pipe axis rotatable disc with a thread guide notch 16. In Fig. 16 and Fig. 18 is simplified an aligned position of the input thread guide 8 and the notch 16 shown. 17 shows - applicable also to the embodiment 18 - that the disc 9th is twisted so that the thread - as I said - with axial but also with peripheral components is guided over the pipe and thereby describes a steep helix. By adjusting the disc 9 can wrap the thread on the tube in the circumferential direction can be set. The wrap is synonymous with one Curvature of the thread. Through the wrapping, therefore entire line of the thread on the tube or on the tube attached thread carriers can be reached. On this thread carrier will discussed below.

The heater consists of three sections, namely Input section 11, control section 13 and end section 12. The thread is passed through the input thread guide via the input section 11 8 and the first thread carrier 31.1 of the control range 13 guided. The heating surface facing the thread, i. H. the jacket of the input section 11 a distance from the thread, which is a multiple of the distance that the thread from the Heating surface, d. H. the lying between the thread carriers 31 Shell areas of the control section. The distance of the thread carrier 8 of the first thread carrier 31.1 of the control range also a multiple of the distance between the thread carriers in the control range. Lengths of up to 500 mm can be accepted here become. The length is strongly dependent on the tendency to vibrate. The length of the input section 11 is preferably reduced chosen, so that an efficient preheating of the thread is possible.

The heater is replaced by a resistance heater in the form of a Heating tube 1 heated. With 6a are the electrical leads of the Resistance heater called. The resistance heater is as a heating cartridge 1 runs and extends the entire length of the Heating device, ie via the input section 11, the control section 13 and the end section 12.

The temperature control of the heating device includes a temperature sensor, which detects the effective actual temperature of the control range 13. This temperature is regulated. Hence the control range a very precise temperature control.

A plurality of thread carriers 31 are in the control region 13 arranged. All of these thread carriers 31, including the first Thread carrier 31.1 are designed as webs that extend over the circumference of the rule section. These bars have a specific given distance and a certain height above the rest Sheath area of the control area 13. The number of thread carriers will determined by the tendency of the thread to vibrate and the heat transfer. The height of the webs compared to the jacket of the control area is preferably chosen to be small and is a maximum of 3 mm.

It is preferably in particular less than 1.5 mm.

The thread is guided over the outer circumference of the thread carrier. The thread touches the outer circumference on a certain one Length. This length is also decisive for the heat transfer.

To protect the thread, this contact length is chosen to be short, whereby a compromise with the requirements of heat transfer is required is. The axial distance between the thread carriers also has an influence on heat transfer. Overall, a ratio of touch length to be used for thread carrier spacing of up to approximately 1 to 5, however, this ratio is preferably smaller, in particular smaller than 1 in 10.

The distance from the heating surface, i.e. H. the cloak of the entrance area, is 3 to 10 times the height of the webs 31 compared the shell of the control range, but is preferably smaller than 10 times. In this respect, the representations of the drawing are not true to scale.

In the exit section, the thread is in turn by only a few Thread carrier guided, namely here by the end thread carrier 31.3 of Control range and the disc 9 already mentioned with its Thread guide notch 16. The distance between the thread path and the jacket of the end section 12 is in turn many times larger than the height of the thread guide webs 31 relative to the jacket of the Control range, here the same dimensioning rules as apply to the entrance area 11. Overall, the distance is however, the thread carrier in the end section is smaller than in the entrance section. The thread carrier distance is 300 mm and is preferred smaller. It should be noted that the heater shown in practice is enclosed in an insulating cage that has a radial slot for thread insertion and compared to the control range of Pipe forms a circumferential gap. In this circumferential gap the Thread led. It is also possible to arrange one at a time Pair of input thread guides 8 and thread guide notches 16 in the Washer 9 to heat two threads on a heater.

The input thread guide 8 has as far as possible no contact with the Heating device. This ensures that the thread carrier 8 itself not heating up. Therefore, the thread carrier 8 does not form Deposits that arise when the thread is heated. The exit thread guide the input section 11 is - as already mentioned - as the first thread carrier 31.1 of the control section 13 is executed. As in the other thread carriers 31.1, 31.2, 31.3 of the control section as mentioned, these are webs. These bridges are from the Sheath of the control area worked out. So you have good thermally conductive contact with the heating device. Because of their low Height ensures that the control temperature is also in the contact surfaces prevails. This ensures that the heater temperature, which is over 300 ° C and is chosen so high that it is for cracking and burning of the stuck thread remnants comes, also exists in the contact surfaces of the webs 31.1, 31.2, 31.3. Therefore these thread carriers have good self-cleaning properties.

The thread carrier on the output side, i.e. H. Disc 9 with thread guide notch 16, is rotatably arranged on the cartridge 1 of the heating device. This ensures that the temperatures of the heating cartridge 1 also communicate the disc 9, so that here too with good Self-cleaning properties can be expected.

The embodiment of FIG. 18 has a special feature in the circumferential design of the webs serving as thread carriers 31.1, 31.2. and possibly 31.3. The webs have a circumferential direction an increasing axial extension. The closest is Do not - as can be seen from Fig. 18 - place exactly a generatrix but essentially on a line leading to the Overflow line of the thread is essentially parallel. This can Overflow line of the thread can be changed. There must be one here overflow line selected under normal operating conditions become. Then, in Fig. 18, not only is the starting thread guide in Shape of the disc 9 with thread guide notch 16 but also the Thread guide 8 rotatable about the axis of the heating device. Thereby the thread path can be offset on the circumference of the heating device in an area in which the contact length of the thread guide bars 31 has a desired dimension and in which a desired ratio from contact length to free guide length between the webs consists. This can increase heat transfer, but also smoothness of the thread can be influenced. On the other hand, one too big Touch length to high thread friction, which protects the thread is undesirable.

19 is the blank 32 of a sleeve in the rolled-out state 33, in which recesses 34, 35, 36, 34 ', 35' and 36 '. The recesses of a respective one Rows are of the same shape and are at the same distance from each other. Between the recesses are transverse to the Blank connecting webs 37, 38, 39, 37 ', 38' and 39 ', on which is discussed in more detail below. The in the longitudinal direction of the Blank 32 connecting webs between the respective Series of recesses are irrelevant to the essence of the invention.

As shown in Fig. 20, the blank 32 can be Fig. 19 too formed a hollow cylinder and as such on a heating tube 1 to be pulled. The inside diameter of the hollow cylinder corresponds to this the outside diameter of the heating pipe. The cylinder, below Sleeve 33 is against axial displacement on the heating tube 1 secured, but can be rotated on this, if necessary the Rotational movement from releasing a known but not shown Lock is dependent. In the illustrated embodiment are the recesses 34 in a parallel to the axis of the heating tube 1 lying row and form webs 37 between them Width. The webs 37 serve as overflow webs for a thread 7 (the unlike shown here for the sake of simplicity helical around the Cylinder runs) and are of equal width. Because the cuff 33 can be rotated on the heating tube 1, there is the possibility the thread 7 in the circumferentially extending area of Allow webs 32 to run over a clean area, thereby the given per se in accordance with the above-mentioned temperatures Self-cleaning effect of the ridges is increased. 16 The series of recesses 34 ′ shown lies on the recesses 34 diametrically opposite and serves as a thread track for a second Thread 7 '.

In addition to the row of recesses 34 there is another Row of recesses 35 shown here trapezoidal, between which are wedge-shaped webs 38. This series diametrically there is an identical arrangement of trapezoidal ones opposite Recesses 35 'or wedge-shaped webs 38'. So that's it Possibility given the length in contact with the thread the heating surfaces by simply turning the sleeve 33 on to change the heating tube 1.

Finally, in the illustrated embodiment, the cuff 33 a further variant of rows of recesses 36 intended. These are recesses that are axial Direction are relatively narrow, but wide connecting webs 39 leave between them as a thread overflow webs a thread 7 a offer a larger heating surface. According to the other recesses is also diametrically opposite to these in the case of the recesses 36 Row of recesses 36 'with corresponding webs 39 'provided, which form a second thread overflow path.

The radial distance between the outer surface of the heating tube 1 and the surface of the webs corresponds to the dimensions listed above, is therefore in the preferred range of 0.5-5 mm, preferably 0.5 - 3 mm.

The cuff 33 can suffice with the respective working conditions Recesses of a different shape.

Further embodiments of the invention are shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 shown. These embodiments have in common that the Thread overflow webs, or rings 2 carrying tubes 1 from sections 1 'are composed.

In the case of the embodiment according to FIG. 21, the sections exist 1 'each of a part 1'a larger diameter and a part 1'b smaller diameter, the latter the inner diameter of the Part 1'a corresponds to a larger outer diameter. Conveniently are in the inner surface of part 1'a with the larger outer diameter and in the outer surface of the part 1'b with the smaller outside diameter thread G, cut with which the individual pipe sections 1 'are connected to each other can. If necessary, the screw connections can be made using lock nuts K are secured, which changes the location of the sections 1 'can be set to each other exactly.

On the outer circumference of the section parts 1'a with the larger diameter a thread carrier 2 is provided in each case, which in accordance with of the exemplary embodiments described above can be formed in 21, however, is shown schematically as a simple ring 2. Of the Ring 2 can coaxially enclose part 1'a, but it can also be off-center be arranged. In doing so, he can use his entire scope around a uniform width or gradually or intermittently have increasing widths. The outer surface of the ring 2 can be interrupted by at least one axial groove 2 ', with the corresponding Adjustment of rings 2 in addition to the distances between the rings 2 on the tube 1 zones arise from an overflowing thread 7 are not touched.

With an appropriate design of the rings 2, this embodiment offers the invention has the advantage that by rotating the pipe sections 1 'depending on the width of the individual rings 2 and their distance to each other, thread contact lengths and contact-free zones in wide Limits are variable.

Furthermore, there is in the sense of the embodiments described above the other way to eccentric the circumference of the rings 2 to the axis of the sections 1 'or to provide steps in the scope, around the thread 7 at a variable distance from the outer surface of sections 1 '. Otherwise, the exemplary embodiments referred to Fig. 1-20.

The embodiment shown in Fig. 22 differs from that 21 in that instead of the stepped pipe sections 1 ' internal and external sleeves 1 "are provided, which are on the outside - or internal thread G screwed together and if necessary can be secured in position with respect to each other with lock nut K. The outer sleeves 1 "are on your outer surface with one serving as a thread carrier ring 2 ", the rings 2" in Longitudinal direction of the pipe consisting of the sleeves 1 "as an example are shown as increasingly increasing in width.

For the rest, this embodiment also applies to the heating device and their thread carriers taking into account their design the other embodiments said.

The present invention enables the optimal use of Self-cleaning properties of a heating device at the same time good heating behavior, especially with false twist crimping machines.

Reference numerals

1

Heating pipe

2nd

Ring, disc, thread carrier

3rd

Spacers

4th

Deepening, recess

5

slot

6

Heating resistor

6a

Electrical supply

7

thread

8th

Input thread guide, thread carrier

9

Starting thread guide, thread carrier

10th

Spring clip

11

Entrance section

12th

End section

13

Heating device, control section

14 15

Rotation range

16

score

17th

Pipe axis

18th

Delivery plant

19th

Cooling rail

20th

False twister

21

Delivery plant

22

Temperature sensor

23

Stepper motor

24th

Traction measuring device

25a

Thread heating zone

25b

Thread heating zone

26

Thread carrier lever

27

eccentricity

30th

Heating device

31

Thread carrier, web

32

blank

33

cuff

34, 34 '

Recess

35, 35 '

Recess

36, 36 '

Recess

37, 37 '

web

38, 38 '

web

39, 39 '

web

Claims (30)

1. Heating device for heating a thread (7), particularly for a false twist crimping machine, with a heating element (1) which extends in a longitudinal direction along a thread path and over the heating surface of which the thread (7) is guided at a distance, the heating surface comprising a plurality of longitudinal regions (2) which act as thread carriers and the relative position between the thread path and the thread carrier being adjustable for the purpose of varying the heat transfer,
   characterized in that
   a thread carrier, a group of thread carriers or all thread carriers is/are of a width (B), transversely relative to the thread running path, which increases in the longitudinal direction and determines a variable contact length so that the contact length between the thread carriers and the thread can be varied through stepless displacement of the thread path on the heating surface, transversely relative to the thread run.
2. Heating device according to Claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the thread carriers are of a height (H) relative to the heating surface which varies in the direction of alteration of the relative position and of a width (B) which varies in the thread running direction.
3. Heating device according to Claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   the ratio of the contact length of the thread carriers (2) to the contactless length in the heating device is variable.
4. Heating device according to Claim 1, 2 or 3,
   characterized in that
   the thread carriers (2) are of a width (B), transversely relative to the thread running direction, in the order of magnitude of a multiple thread diameter, the contact length of the thread carriers (2) in the particular thread path differs across the width and the thread path is variable relative to the width of the thread carriers (2).
5. Heating device according to one of the preceding Claims,
   characterized in that
   the distance of the thread carriers (2) from one another in the longitudinal direction of the heating device is adjustable.
6. Heating device according to one of the preceding Claims,
   characterized in that
   thread guides (8, 9) which are adjustable in relation to one another are provided at the input and output ends of the heating surface in the thread running direction.
7. Heating device according to one of the preceding Claims,
   characterized in that
   the distance of the thread carriers (2) relative to one another is variable through adjustment transversely relative to the thread running path.
8. Heating device according to one of the preceding Claims,
   characterized in that
   the relative position between the thread path and the heating element (1) is adjustable in dependence on a temperature measured on the heating element (1).
9. Heating device according to one of the preceding Claims,
   characterized in that
   the relative position between the thread path and the heating element (1) can be set in dependence on thread tension measured after the heating element (1) in the thread running direction.
10. Heating device according to one of the preceding Claims,
    characterized in that
    the relative position between the thread path and the heating element (1) can be set in dependence on the thread temperature measured after the heating element.
11. Heating device according to one of the preceding Claims,
    characterized in that
    the longitudinal regions (2) acting as thread carriers are fashioned and/or thermically connected to the heating surface in such a way that in operation they are able to assume approximately the temperature of the heating surface, preferably a temperature which is sufficiently high for self cleaning.
12. Heating device according to one of the preceding Claims,
    characterized in that
    the thread carriers (2) are of a height (H) of not more than 5 mm relative to the heating surface and are in good heat-conducting contact with the heating surface.
13. Heating device according to one of the preceding Claims,
    characterized in that
    the thread carriers (2) are of a height (H) in the range between 0.5 and 3 mm.
14. Heating device according to one of the preceding Claims,
    characterized in that
    the thread carriers (2) are spaced apart from one another by grooves recessed into the heating surface.
15. Heating device according to one of the preceding Claims,
    characterized in that
    the heating device (1) comprises thread carriers (2) which are spaced apart from one another and which carry the thread (7) at a distance from the heating surface, the thread carriers (2) being of a height (H) of not more than 5 mm relative to the heating surface and being in good heat-conducting contact with the heating surface.
16. Heating device according to one of the preceding Claims,
    characterized by
    two longitudinal portions (11, 13), in the input portion (11) of which the thread carriers (2) have relatively large spacings and in the end portion (13) of which the thread carriers (2) have small spacings.
17. Heating device according to one of the preceding Claims,
    characterized by
    three longitudinal portions (11, 13, 12), in the input portion (11) of which the thread carriers (2) have large spacings, in the middle portion (13) of which the thread carriers (2) have small spacings and in the end portion (12) of which the thread carriers (2) have large spacings.
18. Heating device according to one of the preceding Claims,
    characterized in that
    the thread carriers (2) are of a height (H) which increases transversely relative to the longitudinal direction.
19. Heating device according to one of the preceding Claims,
    characterized in that
    the thread carriers (2) are firmly joined to the heating surface, particularly as a single piece.
20. Heating device according to one of Claims 1 to 18,
    characterized in that
    the thread carriers (2) are adjustable relative to the heating surface, transversely relative to the thread (7).
21. Heating device according to one of Claims 1 to 18 or 20,
    characterized in that
    the thread carriers (2) are adjustable relative to the heating surface, in the longitudinal direction of the thread (7).
22. Heating device according to one of the preceding Claims,
    characterized in that
    the heating surface is formed by the circumferential surface of a tube which is rotatable about its axis.
23. Heating device according to Claim 22,
    characterized in that
    the tube (1) is rotatable about its axis (17).
24. Heating device according to Claim 22 or 23,
    characterized in that
    the circumferential surfaces of the thread carriers (2) are eccentric relative to the axis (17) of the tube (1).
25. Heating device according to Claim 24,
    characterized in that
    the thread carriers (2) are disposed on the tube (1) in the form of rings and are rotatable.
26. Heating device according to one of Claims 22 to 25,
    characterized in that
    the thread carriers (2) are disposed on the tube (1) so as to be adjustable in the longitudinal direction.
27. Heating device according to one of Claims 22 to 26,
    characterized in that
    the thread carriers (2) are formed by a perforated sleeve (33) placed on a tube (1).
28. Heating device according to Claim 27,
    characterized in that
    the perforations form uniform rows in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve (33) and form varying rows in its circumferential direction.
29. Heating device for heating a thread (7), particularly for a false twist crimping machine, with a heating element (1) which extends in a longitudinal direction along a thread path and over the heating surface of which the thread (7) is guided at a distance, the heating surface comprising a plurality of longitudinal regions (2) which act as thread carriers and the relative position between the thread path and the thread carrier being adjustable for the purpose of varying the heat transfer,
    characterized in that
    the relative position between the thread path and the heating element (1) is variable in dependence on a thread temperature measured after the heating element (1) in the thread running direction through stepless displacement of the thread path on the heating surface, transversely relative to the thread run, the thread carriers being of a height (H) relative to the heating surface which increases in the direction of variation of the relative position and/or of a width (B) which determines a variable contact length and increases in the longitudinal direction of the heating device.
30. Heating device for heating a thread (7) according to Claim 29,
    characterized in that
    the relative position between the thread path and the heating element (1) is variable in dependence on a thread tension measured after the heating element (1) in the thread running direction through stepless displacement of the thread path on the heating surface, transversely relative to the thread run, the thread carriers being of a height (H) relative to the heating surface which increases in the direction of variation of the relative position and/or of a width (B) which determines a variable contact length and increases in the longitudinal direction of the heating device.

Images