EP0656641B1 - Auslöseeinheit für Leistungs-oder Schutzschalter - Google Patents
Auslöseeinheit für Leistungs-oder Schutzschalter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0656641B1 EP0656641B1 EP94118386A EP94118386A EP0656641B1 EP 0656641 B1 EP0656641 B1 EP 0656641B1 EP 94118386 A EP94118386 A EP 94118386A EP 94118386 A EP94118386 A EP 94118386A EP 0656641 B1 EP0656641 B1 EP 0656641B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- trip
- lever
- arm
- switch
- trip unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
- H01H83/12—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by voltage falling below a predetermined value, e.g. for no-volt protection
Definitions
- the invention relates to a trigger unit for a Circuit breaker or circuit breaker, especially as Undervoltage release with the switch drive mechanism interacts in such a way that when there is insufficient tension, the Release unit immediately releases the switch drive mechanism, wherein the trigger unit is designed as a plunger armature coil Trip coil with a by a compression spring in the trip direction loaded, lying in a magnetic storage housing Has trigger plunger.
- Circuit breaker with an additional protection module are known. This is how EP 0 525 691 describes A1 a switch of this type, in the housing of which a front trip unit designed as a module can be installed.
- Such protection modules are mostly as undervoltage releases designed, when falling below the to Switch contacts applied voltage of the undervoltage release actuated the switch-off mechanism.
- the release units known today operate with the help of levers with the switching mechanism of the switch.
- levers used are relatively bulky and large designed so that a desired compact and small version a trip unit cannot be achieved. So is from the GB-PS 15 58 785 a tripping unit for a circuit breaker or an undervoltage protection switch known.
- the trigger unit are the levers on two opposite sides attached to the housing, making the levers large and they also have a very complicated shape to manufacture receive.
- the complicated lever mechanism also works disadvantageous to a quick assembly of the switch and the Trip unit.
- the invention is therefore based on the object Tripping unit for circuit breakers or circuit breakers type mentioned above, in particular as undervoltage release to be designed so that the release unit in its construction much simplified, reduced in size and the Assembly and manufacturing costs are reduced.
- the release plunger the trip unit should automatically after each switch off or trigger can be pressed into the magnetic storage housing.
- the trigger unit according to the invention only has two levers, all for one release unit take on important functions.
- the state of the art need known release units as well as EP 0 525 691 A2 against it three levers.
- a reduction means one decisive simplification of the mechanics, reduces the Production effort and production costs and also bears to the functional safety of the trip unit.
- the trigger plunger automatically in the Magnetic storage case is pressed as soon as the switch triggered or switched off.
- the invention also describes a control curve, which as Sliding part is designed such that it is the end of one arm of the spring-loaded clamping lever during the switch-on process against the action of a compression spring in one in the housing Press the existing recess and the tension lever around its axis of rotation pivots that the release lever from the clamping lever is released.
- the control curve is preferably on Control element attached.
- control curve is on arcuate flat part that in the middle of the flat side has an opening and the opening of the control element encloses that when switching the switch on or off Control element takes the control cam along and around the axis of rotation of the control element moves.
- control curve is much more stable than that previously used transmission mechanisms between switches and Tripping unit that can be realized with levers.
- the design of the control curve is accurate and wear-free Power transmission to the tensioning lever of the release unit.
- the control element position is on the side of the control curve Transfer trigger unit.
- the recess of the Control curve on one side when switching on the switch cooperates with one end of the tensioning lever, the side is ramped.
- the interaction between switches and trigger unit determines that a temporally and spatially exact interlocking of tension lever and control cam required.
- the clamping lever is preferably designed as a two-armed lever and is between the two lever arms by means of a bolt rotatably attached to the housing of the trip unit. At about same length dimensions of the two lever arms of the tensioning lever both arms have the same lifting height at the same twist angle.
- the arc-shaped, interacting with the release lever Arm of the tensioning lever has an inside Effective area, which is designed so that the arm during the Rotation movement when the switch is turned off the release lever so pressurized that the trigger plunger around his The axis of rotation is pivoted in the direction of the trigger plunger and the Push the tappet all the way into the magnetic storage housing.
- the trigger lever is a double lever arm, the Connecting bridge of the two lever arms the axis of rotation of the Release lever is.
- the particular advantage of this double lever shape can be seen in the fact that the connecting bridge through its cylindrical shape is at the same time bearing axis of rotation and in one suitably designed recess in the release housing and so clamped by the corresponding housing cover that the release lever is still about the longitudinal axis of the connecting web can pivot. This means there are no additional ones Bracket parts required.
- the arm of the trigger lever which cooperates with the tension lever, preferably has at its end a cam which is connected to the Area of action of the tension lever arm interacts.
- This Cam is a guide of the trigger lever from the effective surface of the clamping lever always guaranteed.
- the round shape of the cam also contributes to the smooth sliding along the Effective area at.
- the lever arm of the trigger lever, the one with the trigger plunger and the Switch-off protection mechanism of the switch interacts, points a cam on the side facing away from the trigger plunger, the which holds one end of a compression spring, which preferably as Coil spring is formed.
- the contact surface of the lever arm with the trigger plunger is also preferably as a rounded Train cams.
- the axis of rotation of the tensioning lever and the axis of rotation of the release lever should preferably be arranged parallel to each other, whereby a favorable power transmission is guaranteed.
- the longitudinal axis of the Magnetic storage system and the tension lever longitudinal axis should also be parallel to each other.
- Another significant advantage of the invention is that exclusive use of compression springs, in particular Coil springs between the housing parts and the levers to store.
- compression springs in particular Coil springs between the housing parts and the levers to store.
- the design of the lever and the housing parts enables faster assembly compared to today used tension springs, as these at their ends in corresponding Brackets need to be threaded.
- Fig. 1 is a preferred embodiment of the trigger unit for Circuit breaker and circuit breaker shown.
- the housing of the trip unit is made from the mold Base body 23 and the molded cover part 8 formed, the two parts are preferably made of plastic and held together by screws 6.
- 8 and 23 are in the housing parts Cutouts for the magnetic storage housing 21 with a trigger plunger 20, the release lever 12 and the tensioning lever 1 are present.
- the trigger unit is in a recess next to the Control element 34 of the switch housing, not shown arranged and acts with the trigger mechanism of the switch via the tension lever 1 and the release lever 12 together.
- the tension lever 1 which is designed as a rocker, is connected to the bolt 7 rotatably supported in the housing cover part 8. Is located the arm 1a of the tensioning lever 1 inside the housing.
- the arm 1b is in a slot-shaped recess in the Exterior cover part retractable. The end of slot-shaped recess is connected to a recess 27, in which a compression spring 5, in particular a coil spring lies in.
- the compression spring 5 is supported with one end the housing cover part 8. The other end of the compression spring 5 held by a cam 4 located on the tension lever arm 1b.
- the Compression spring 5 pressurizes the tensioning lever 1 such that the Tension lever arm 1b is pushed out of the housing cover 8.
- Tension lever arm 1b On the side facing away from the housing cover part 8 Tension lever arm 1b is a cam 2 which is at its end is preferably rounded. The tension lever 1 is shaped so that the cam 2 when turning the clamping lever 1 opposite the Spring action of the compression spring 5 in the recess 27 of the Housing cover part lies.
- the tensioning lever arm 1a is arcuate and has on its arc inside an effective area 3, which with the cylindrical cam 17 of the release lever arm 18 cooperates. Due to the cylindrical shape of the cam 17 and the special shape of the effective area 3, is during the Rotation of the tensioning lever 1, at which the tensioning lever arm 1b is off the housing cover part 8 is pressed out by the compression spring 5, a continuous power transmission from the tension lever arm 1a the cam 17 of the trigger lever arm 18 ensures that the trigger lever 12 is pivoted about its axis of rotation 13 is that the trigger lever arm 14 against the trigger plunger 20th is pivoted and the trigger plunger 20 completely in the Magnetic storage housing 21 presses.
- the trigger lever 12 is a C-shaped double lever arm with the Lever arms 14 and 18 which are rigid on a connecting web 13 are attached.
- the trigger lever 12 lies with his Connecting web 13 in a recess in the housing base 23 a, the trigger lever 12 about the longitudinal axis of the Connecting web 13 is rotatable. That’s it cylindrical end 19 of the connecting web 13 in the also cylindrical recess 22 of the Main body 23.
- the trigger arm 18 is off Stability reasons a disc-shaped segment, on the Connecting web 13 facing away from a cylindrical cam 17 is integrally formed, the cam 17 on the trigger arm 14 facing away from the disk segment side 18a and the facing disc segment side 18a for the tension lever arm 1a a Support surface forms.
- the trigger lever arm 14 has a cam 16, the one end of a coil spring Compression spring 11 holds, the compression spring 11 the trigger arm 14 presses against the trigger plunger 20.
- the Release lever arm 14 has an effective area that acts as a cam is formed and cooperates with the trigger plunger 20.
- On its end facing away from the connecting web 13 has Release lever arm 14 an effective area 15, which also is preferably designed as a cam that does not illustrated switch protection mechanism of the switch cooperates.
- the compression spring 11 is in a recess of the Housing base body 23, with one end supported on the housing body 23 and with the other end Release lever arm 14 in the direction of release plunger 20 pressurized.
- the connecting web 13 is the connection contacts two button 10 arranged side by side comprises.
- the two Release lever arms 14 and 18 in turn include the two buttons 10, the release buttons of one between the two buttons displaceable actuating plunger 9 are actuated.
- the Actuating plunger 9 is one in which Control element 34 facing side of the housing cover part 8 located opening can be actuated by the switch-on mechanism.
- Fig. 2 shows the interaction of the clamping lever 1 with the Control curve 31 and the trigger lever 12.
- the control curve 31 is an arcuate flat part that in the Has an opening in the middle of the flat side. Encloses the opening the control element 34 such that when the on or off Switch controls 34 takes the control curve and here moved about the axis of rotation of the control element 34.
- the control cam has the trigger unit facing it Narrow side 35 has a recess 32 which is dimensioned in this way is that the cam 2 formed on the tension lever arm 1b so far can be pivoted into the recess 32 that in turn Tension lever arm 1a just rotates the release lever so that the Trigger plunger 20 completely into the magnetic storage housing 21 is depressed.
- the recess 32 of the control curve 31 has a ramp-shaped Page 33, on which the cam 2 of the Release lever arm 1b slides along.
- the control curve 31 from the control element 34 entrained and here about the axis of rotation of the control element 34 moves.
- the cam 2 is from the ramp-shaped side 33 pressurized and against the spring action of the compression spring 5 pressed into the recess 27 of the housing cover 8.
- the clamping lever 1 is pivoted so that it Release lever 12 is no longer pressurized and thus this is freely rotatable.
- the trigger plunger 20 is in the magnetic storage case 21 located compression spring pressed out of the magnetic memory housing 21 and rotates the trigger lever 12, which with his Area of action 15 the switch protection mechanism of the switch operated.
- the control element 34 is then by a Switch spring located in the OFF position, whereby the control curve 31 is carried along by the control element 34.
- the control cam 31 pushes the recess 32 the control curve 31 in front of the cam 2, which is now by the Compression spring 5 can be pressed into the recess 32.
- the clamping lever 1 is pivoted, which in turn the Release lever 12 rotated, the release lever 12 the Trigger plunger 20 presses into the magnetic memory housing 21.
- the switch and trigger unit are in his again original OFF position and can be switched on again manually become.
Landscapes
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Breakers (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- Ein Explosionszeichnung der Auslöseeinheit mit Magnetsystem, Spannhebel und Auslösehebel
- Fig. 2
- Eine Seitenansicht der Auslöseeinheit; Zusammenwirken des Spannhebels mit dem Auslösehebel und der Steuerkurve
Claims (18)
- Auslöseeinheit mit einem Leistungsschalter oder einen Schutzschalter, insbesondere als Unterspannungsauslöser, die mit dem Schalterantriebsmechanismus derart zusammenarbeitet, daß bei nicht ausreichender Spannung die Auslöseeinheit den Schalterantriebsmechanismus sofort entklinkt, wobei die Auslöseeinheit eine als Tauchankerspule ausgebildete Auslösespule (21) mit einem durch eine Druckfeder in Auslöserichtung (30) belasteten, in einem Magnetspeichergehäuse einliegenden Auslösestößel (20) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß beim Öffnen des Schalters oder bei geöffnetem Schaltschloß das Ende (2) eines Armes (1b) eines als Wippe ausgebildeten Spannhebels (1) von einer Druckfeder (5) in eine in einer Steuerkurve (31) des Schalters befindliche Aussparung (32) gedrückt ist, wobei der andere Arm (1a) des Spannhebels (1) einen Auslösehebel (12) derart verdreht, daß der Auslösehebel (12) um seine Achse (13) verschwenkt wird und hierdurch den Auslösestößel (20) in das Magnetspeichergehäuse (21) drückt.
- Auslöseeinheit nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuerkurve (31)derart gestaltet ist, daß sie das Ende (2) des einen Armes (1b) des federbelasteten Spannhebels (1) während des Einschaltvorgangs entgegen der Wirkung der Druckfeder (5) in eine im Gehäusedeckel (8) befindliche Aussparung (27) eindrückt und den Spannhebel (2) soweit um seine Drehachse (13) verschwenkt, daß der Auslösehebel (12) vom Spannhebel (2) freigegeben wird.
- Auslöseeinheit nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuerkurve (31) am Bedienelement (34) angelagert ist.
- Auslöseeinheit nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuerkurve (31) ein bogenförmiges flaches Teil ist, daß in der Mitte der flachen Seite eine Öffnung aufweist und die Öffnung das Bedienelement (34) derart umschließt, daß beim Ein- bzw. Ausschalten des Schalters das Bedienelement die Steuerkurve (31) mitnimmt und hierbei um die Rotationsachse des Bedienelementes (34) bewegt.
- Auslöseeinheit nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aussparung (32) der Steuerkurve (31) sich an der der Auslöseeinheit zugewandten Seite (35) befindet.
- Auslöseeinheit nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aussparung (32) der Steuerkurve (31) eine rampenförmige Seite (33)aufweist, an der beim Einschalten des Schalters das Ende (2) des Armes (1b) des Spannhebels (1) entlanggleitet und hierdurch in eine im Gehäusedeckel (8) befindliche Aussparung (27) eindrückbar ist.
- Auslöseeinheit nach Anspruch 6 und 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die der Auslöseeinheit zugewandten Schmalseite (35) der Steuerkurve (31) bei eingeschaltetem Schalter den Spannhebel (1) soweit verdreht hat, daß der Spannhebel (1) den Auslösehebel (12) frei gibt.
- Auslöseeinheit nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der mit der Steuerkurve (31) zusammenwirkende Arm (1b) des Spannhebels (1) an seinem Ende einen Stößel (2) aufweist, der in die Aussparung (32) der Steuerkurve (31) eingreift.
- Auslöseeinheit nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der mit der Steuerkurve (31) zusammenwirkende Arm (1b) des Spannhebels (1) von einer Feder (5) derart druckbeaufschlagt, daß der Arm (1b) des Spannhebels (1) aus dem Gehäusedeckel (8) herausgedrückt wird.
- Auslöseeinheit nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der mit der Steuerkurve (31) zusammenwirkende Arm (1b) des Spannhebels (1) an seinem Ende an der dem Gehäusedeckel (8) zugewandten Seite eine Halterung (4), insbesondere einen Nocken zur Aufnahme der Druckfeder (5) aufweist.
- Auslöseeinheit nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Arm (1a) des Spannhebels (1) bogenförmig ausgebildet ist und an der Innenseite des Bogens eine Wirkungsfläche (3) aufweist, die mit dem Auslösehebel (12) zusammenwirkt.
- Auslöseeinheit nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, die Wirkungsfläche (3) des Armes (1a) des Spannhebels (1) so geformt ist, daß während der Drehbewegung beim Ausschalten des Schalters der Auslösehebel (12) derart druckbeaufschlagt wird, daß der Auslösehebel (12) um seine Drehachse (13) in Richtung Auslösestößel (20) verschwenkt wird und den Auslösestößel (20) ganz in das Magnetspeichergehäuse (21) hinein drückt.
- Auslöseeinheit nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Auslösehebel (12) ein Doppelhebelarm ist, wobei der Verbindungssteg (13) der beiden Hebelarme (14, 18) die Drehachse (13) des Auslösehebels (12) ist.
- Auslöseeinheit nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Arm (18) des Auslösehebels (12) an seinem dem Verbindungssteg (13) abgewandten Ende einen Nocken (17) aufweist, der mit der Wirkungsfläche (3) des Spannhebelarmes (1a) zusammenwirkt.
- Auslöseeinheit nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Arm (14) des Auslösehebels (12) eine Fläche aufweist, die vorzugsweise als Nocken ausgebildet ist und mit dem Auslösestößel (20) zusammenarbeitet.
- Auslöseeinheit nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Arm (14) des Auslösehebels (12) an seinem dem Verbindungssteg (13) abgewandten Ende eine Fläche (15) aufweist, die mit dem Ausschaltschutzmechanismus des Schalters zusammenarbeitet.
- Auslöseeinheit nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Drehachse (7) des Spannhebels (1) und die Drehachse (13) des Auslösehebels (12) parallel zueinander sind.
- Auslöseeinheit nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spannhebellängsachse und die Längsachse des Magnetspeichersystems (20, 21) im wesentlichen parallel zueinander sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4341214A DE4341214C2 (de) | 1993-12-03 | 1993-12-03 | Auslöseeinheit für Leistungs- oder Schutzschalter |
| DE4341214 | 1993-12-03 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0656641A2 EP0656641A2 (de) | 1995-06-07 |
| EP0656641A3 EP0656641A3 (de) | 1997-05-28 |
| EP0656641B1 true EP0656641B1 (de) | 1999-04-14 |
Family
ID=6504088
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94118386A Expired - Lifetime EP0656641B1 (de) | 1993-12-03 | 1994-11-23 | Auslöseeinheit für Leistungs-oder Schutzschalter |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0656641B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE179024T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE4341214C2 (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7722444B2 (en) | 2005-05-13 | 2010-05-25 | Black & Decker Inc. | Angle grinder |
| US10818450B2 (en) | 2017-06-14 | 2020-10-27 | Black & Decker Inc. | Paddle switch |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5834996A (en) * | 1996-04-18 | 1998-11-10 | Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh | Electric switch having undervoltage tripping |
| ATE209828T1 (de) * | 1996-06-10 | 2001-12-15 | Siemens Ag | Unterspannungsauslöser |
| DE19735413B4 (de) * | 1997-08-14 | 2007-11-29 | Siemens Ag | Auslösevorrichtung für einen Schutzschalter |
| DE10145059C1 (de) * | 2001-09-13 | 2003-03-13 | Moeller Gmbh | Schaltgerät |
| DE102009059839A1 (de) | 2009-12-21 | 2011-06-22 | Eaton Industries GmbH, 53115 | Vorrichtung zum Erkennen der Stromrichtungsumkehr |
| KR101212213B1 (ko) | 2011-07-15 | 2012-12-13 | 엘에스산전 주식회사 | 회로차단기의 모듈화된 트립기구 및 부속기구 장치 |
| JP5747806B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-14 | 2015-07-15 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 回路遮断器 |
| KR101297549B1 (ko) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-08-14 | 엘에스산전 주식회사 | 배선용 차단기의 부족 전압 트립 장치 |
| DE102014202485B4 (de) | 2014-02-12 | 2021-08-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Auslösevorrichtung |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3928826A (en) * | 1974-05-30 | 1975-12-23 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Circuit breaker with improved tripped latch means |
| US4013926A (en) * | 1975-07-11 | 1977-03-22 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Circuit breaker with improved trip actuator and undervoltage release mechanism |
| US4097831A (en) * | 1977-01-21 | 1978-06-27 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker accessory tripping apparatus |
| US4246558A (en) * | 1979-01-22 | 1981-01-20 | Gould Inc. | Auxiliary feature modules for circuit breakers |
| US5093643A (en) * | 1990-10-22 | 1992-03-03 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Undervoltage release device assembly for circuit breaker |
| DE4125338A1 (de) * | 1991-07-31 | 1993-02-04 | Kloeckner Moeller Gmbh | Ausloeseeinheit fuer leistungsschalter und schutzschalter, insbesondere ausgefuehrt als unterspannungsausloeser |
-
1993
- 1993-12-03 DE DE4341214A patent/DE4341214C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-11-23 DE DE59408114T patent/DE59408114D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-23 EP EP94118386A patent/EP0656641B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-23 AT AT94118386T patent/ATE179024T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7722444B2 (en) | 2005-05-13 | 2010-05-25 | Black & Decker Inc. | Angle grinder |
| US8087976B2 (en) | 2005-05-13 | 2012-01-03 | Black & Decker Inc. | Trigger assembly for angle grinder |
| US8087977B2 (en) | 2005-05-13 | 2012-01-03 | Black & Decker Inc. | Angle grinder |
| US10818450B2 (en) | 2017-06-14 | 2020-10-27 | Black & Decker Inc. | Paddle switch |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4341214A1 (de) | 1995-06-08 |
| DE59408114D1 (de) | 1999-05-20 |
| EP0656641A3 (de) | 1997-05-28 |
| EP0656641A2 (de) | 1995-06-07 |
| DE4341214C2 (de) | 1996-11-07 |
| ATE179024T1 (de) | 1999-04-15 |
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