EP0651362B1 - Funkalarmanlage mit einer Vielzahl von nach dem Frequenz-Hopping-Verfahren gebildeten Nachrichtenkanälen - Google Patents
Funkalarmanlage mit einer Vielzahl von nach dem Frequenz-Hopping-Verfahren gebildeten Nachrichtenkanälen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0651362B1 EP0651362B1 EP94116872A EP94116872A EP0651362B1 EP 0651362 B1 EP0651362 B1 EP 0651362B1 EP 94116872 A EP94116872 A EP 94116872A EP 94116872 A EP94116872 A EP 94116872A EP 0651362 B1 EP0651362 B1 EP 0651362B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- alarm system
- radio
- central unit
- radio alarm
- transmission
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/007—Details of data content structure of message packets; data protocols
Definitions
- the invention relates to a radio alarm system according to the Preamble of claim 1.
- the Security- (Sicherheit-) Electronic has developed into a valuable aid to immediately report fire, robbery, theft, burglary, robbery and kidnapping.
- the various components of an alarm system essentially have to perform the following tasks: Detect, evaluate, alert.
- a break-in process is detected using automatic detectors (detectors) that work according to different principles depending on the application.
- the messages are evaluated in a central unit, depending on different status conditions, and the alarm is given either by forwarding the alarm, for example to a police station, or in the form of a local alarm by activating alarm devices such as sirens, alarm flashing lights or the like.
- Modern alarm systems usually consist of a central unit (including power supply), switching devices for arming / disarming, automatic intrusion detectors, manually operated hold-up alarms, transmission devices and / or local alarm devices and a network.
- detectors for Outdoor surveillance detectors for outer skin surveillance
- detectors for indoor and property surveillance one can divide the detectors into three groups: detectors for Outdoor surveillance, detectors for outer skin surveillance and detectors for indoor and property surveillance.
- the automatic Intrusion detectors via so-called alarm lines with the Central connected in series and rework the quiescent current principle. All detectors flow in continuously certain quiescent current. Is triggered by a If the power is interrupted, an alarm message is issued. Alarm is also triggered in the event of destruction or Short circuit of the zone at any point.
- Switching devices such as Switching devices, local alarm devices, etc. additionally protected by a so-called sabotage line, i.e. it triggers alarm when these components opened or damaged.
- a radio alarm system is known from DE-A-40 35 070, which is sufficient protection against a malfunction by blocking the radio links as well as against one Offers manipulation from the outside.
- the well-known Wireless alarm system consists of a central unit with a Receiver unit for receiving radio signals from Notification in the form of data telegrams.
- the Receiver units are designed so that only Data telegrams from belonging to the radio alarm system Be processed to an alarm or a detector Trigger function.
- each detector of the radio alarm system sends at least two Radio signals of different carrier frequency from that coded the same or different (in the sense of a Identifier).
- the central unit receives accordingly with their receiver unit at least two different ones Radio signals from each detector and checks the Affiliation of the detectors emitting the radio signals Checking the validity of the coding (identifier).
- EP-A1-0 316 853 is one Radio alarm system known to protect against Sabotage additional impulses, so-called pseudo impulses, be transmitted. The timely arrival of the Additional pulses are recognized in the central unit and rated accordingly.
- every facility is available entire bandwidth of a single radio channel Available, but only for a short time Periods can be used.
- the characters or Strings from different institutions are in one another nested and are with a correspondingly higher bit rate transmitted in the single radio channel, one each Device assigned time channel (message channel) itself repeated periodically with the frame period.
- frequency division multiplexing the Message transfer available Total bandwidth divided into narrow frequency bands, which each have a communication channel correspond.
- radio alarm systems are used for Frequency division multiplex or Time-division multiplexing used.
- the frequency hopping method is also known for interference-free radio transmission. Such a method is given, for example, in German published application DE-A-34 15 032.
- the carrier frequency is changed at short intervals in a pseudorandom manner within a predetermined frequency band.
- a code generator is arranged in the transmitting devices of the radio stations, which generates a hopping scheme which characterizes the transmitting device.
- the hopping frequencies are monitored for interference interference and the frequencies at which interference frequently occurs are no longer used for transmission.
- the invention is based, in one Radio alarm system the formation of news channels like this make that in a simple way Interference immunity increases and that the simultaneous interference-free transmission of messages is made possible.
- the radio alarm system according to the invention has the advantage on that no effort for time slot synchronization as required for a TDMA system (Time Multiple Access Division) is indispensable. First this enables the numerically predominant connections between detectors and central unit as unidirectional Train routes.
- TDMA Time Multiple Access Division
- the radio alarm system according to the invention ensures that even in the event of an overlay multiple messages from the currently selected station Will be received.
- the cost-effective implementation results from the fact that in only one transmitter is required for the detectors.
- the height Receiver effort only arises in the (few) Central processing unit / units; there is at least that Power supply is not a problem.
- Radio alarm system the news channels after the Frequency hopping procedures are formed so that the messages can be sent asynchronously, on the other hand, the Messages repeated at sufficiently small intervals be listened to asynchronously by the receiver.
- the transmitter sends the telegram asynchronously and repeats it for a predefinable number of passes.
- the transmission time is divided into time slots (chips) and a carrier frequency is selected pseudo-randomly for each time slot.
- the signals transmitted in the time slots mentioned are received and evaluated in the receiver.
- the synchronization of the receiver with the time slots must be maintained at least until a telegram has been completely received.
- the multitude of required individual channels is formed by broadcasting the messages with a characteristic repetition period.
- the design of the radio alarm system according to claim 2 has the advantage that there is a blockage of the radio channel with a high probability by one Sabotage and not a "natural" event (e.g. Co-user of the frequency band).
- a "natural" event e.g. Co-user of the frequency band.
- the spreading factor used is a Compromise to take advantage of spreading with the Unite demand for frequency economy.
- the embodiment of the radio alarm system according to Claim 5 requires little Circuit effort without restrictions in the Operational safety of the alarm system can be accepted have to.
- the radio alarm system according to the invention is as follows based on one shown in the drawing Embodiment described and explained in more detail.
- FIG. 1 shows a radio alarm system with asynchronous transmission of messages via spread, overlapping news channels, where the broadband sum signal thus obtained in one common frequency band is transmitted.
- the invention Radio alarm system for a variety of message channels Transmission of messages in the form of data telegrams between detectors M1 ... Mn, in particular Glass break detectors, infrared detectors, capacitive detectors, Structure-borne sound detectors, opening detectors, microwave detectors, Ultrasonic detectors, etc., between switching devices S, especially block locks, timed Switching devices and electronic Switching devices, and between control units ST, especially automatic dialers for Alarm devices, especially sirens and Flash lamps or the like, and one microprocessor-controlled central unit ZE formed.
- detectors M1 ... Mn in particular Glass break detectors, infrared detectors, capacitive detectors, Structure-borne sound detectors, opening detectors, microwave detectors, Ultrasonic detectors, etc.
- switching devices S especially block locks, timed Switching devices and electronic Switching devices, and between control units ST, especially automatic dialers for Alarm devices, especially sirens and Flash lamps or the like, and one microprocessor-controlled central unit ZE formed.
- the news channels under Application of the frequency hopping process formed are spread News channels are superimposed on one another Carrier frequency band implemented.
- a data telegram exchange is initiated, for example, every 20-30 seconds.
- disturbance mode ie when a disturbance field strength is detected, the data telegram is exchanged, for example, every 4-5 seconds, as is proposed in an unpublished application with the official file number P 42 39 702.2.
- the system delay T s from the response of a detector M to the triggering of the alarm (as well as for sabotage detection) is 10 s. With a net data volume of 32 bits (4 bytes per telegram) and a number of 2 24 (16 million) different codings, less than one false alarm can be expected in 100 years.
- the high level of transmission security means that the requirements placed on operational security by the association of property insurers are more than met.
- the Central unit ZE has a synchronization device K, which is based on the spreading code to be evaluated Microprocessor MP and one connected to it Evaluation unit AE and, for example, in a hopping scheme stored in a memory SP becomes.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
Description
Erkennen, Auswerten, Alarmieren.
Moderne Alarmanlagen bestehen in der Regel aus einer Zentraleinheit (einschließlich Stromversorgung), Schalteinrichtungen zum Scharf-/Unscharfschalten, automatischen Einbruchmeldern, manuell betätigbaren Überfallmeldern, Übertragungseinrichtungen und/oder örtlichen Alarmgebern und einem Leitungsnetz.
Zur weiteren Erhöhung der Übertragungssicherheit werden die Sprungfrequenzen auf Interferenzstörungen hin überwacht und die Frequenzen, bei denen häufig Störungen auftreten, werden zur Übertragung nicht mehr benutzt.
Im Empfänger werden die in den genannten Zeitschlitzen übertragenen Signale empfangen und ausgewertet. Dabei muß die Synchronisation des Empfängers auf die Zeitschlitze mindestens so lange aufrechterhalten werden, bis ein Telegramm einmal komplett empfangen wurde. Die Bildung der Vielzahl der benötigten Einzelkanäle erfolgt, indem die Meldungen mit einer charakteristischen Wiederholperiode ausgestrahlt werden.
- Figur 1
- das Blockschaltbild einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Funkalarmanlage werden L = 200 Nachrichtenkanäle gebildet. Die Funkalarmanlage wird in einem Frequenzbereich von zwei bis drei GHz betrieben. Bei einer Sendeleistung von ca. 25 mW beträgt die Reichweite (Funkstrecke) im Gebäude etwa 30 m und im Freifeld etwa 100 m. Im Normalbetrieb, d.h. wenn keine Störfeldstärke (zum Beispiel von anderen Geräten, die im Mikrowellenbereich arbeiten) detektiert wird, wird ein Datentelegrammaustausch beispielsweise alle 20 - 30 Sekunden veranlaßt. Im Störbetrieb, d.h. wenn eine Störfeldstärke detektiert wird, erfolgt der Datentelegrammaustausch beispielsweise alle 4 - 5 Sekunden, wie dies in einer nicht vorveröffentlichten Anmeldung mit dem amtlichen Aktenzeichen P 42 39 702.2 vorgeschlagen wird. Die Systemverzögerung Ts vom Ansprechen eines Melders M bis zur Alarmauslösung liegt (ebenso wie für Sabotageerkennung) bei 10s. Mit einer Netto-Datenmenge von 32 bit (4 Byte pro Telegramm) und einer Anzahl von 224 (16 Millionen) verschiedenen Codierungen kann weniger als ein Fehlalarm in 100 Jahren erwartet werden. Durch die hohe Übertragungssicherheit werden die vom Verband der Sachversicherer gestellten Forderungen an die Betriebssicherheit mehr als erfüllt.
Claims (5)
- Funkalarmanlage mit einer Vielzahl von Nachrichtenkanälen zur Übertragung von Meldungen in Form von Datentelegrammen zwischen Meldern, Schalteinrichtungen sowie Steuerorganen, insbesondere automatischen Wählgeräten für Alarmierungseinrichtungen, und einer mikroprozessorgesteuerten Zentraleinheit,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Übertragungsrichtung von den Meldern (M) zur Zentraleinheit (ZE) die Bildung der Nachrichtenkanäle unter Anwendung des Frequenz-Hopping-Verfahrens erfolgt, wobei die Meldungen mit einer vorgebbaren Wiederholperiode ausgestrahlt werden und anschließend die so gebildeten gespreizten Nachrichtenkanäle einander überlagert und auf ein Frequenzband umgesetzt werden. - Funkalarmanlage nach Anspruch 1
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Spreizung pseudozufällige Hoppfrequenzen benutzt werden. - Funkalarmanlage nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Übertragung von Informationen in Rückrichtung ein einziges gemeinsames Funkübertragungsband benutzt wird. - Funkalarmanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes Datentelegramm Blöcke mit gleich langen Codewörtern aufweist und daß die Datentelegramme von den Meldern (M) zur Zentraleinheit bzw. von der Zentraleinheit zu dem oder den Alarmgebern asynchron und wiederholt gesendet werden. - Funkalarmanlage nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zentraleinheit (ZE) einen Synchronisator (K) aufweist, welcher auf den auszuwertenden Spreizcode mittels Mikroprozessor (MP) und einer mit diesem verbundenen Auswerteeinheit (AE) und anhand des in einem Speicher (SP) abgespeicherten Spreizcodes eingestellt wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4337212 | 1993-10-30 | ||
DE4337212A DE4337212A1 (de) | 1993-10-30 | 1993-10-30 | Funkalarmanlage mit einer Vielzahl von nach dem Frequenz-Hopping-Verfahren gebildeten Nachrichtenkanälen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0651362A1 EP0651362A1 (de) | 1995-05-03 |
EP0651362B1 true EP0651362B1 (de) | 1999-05-19 |
Family
ID=6501505
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94116872A Expired - Lifetime EP0651362B1 (de) | 1993-10-30 | 1994-10-26 | Funkalarmanlage mit einer Vielzahl von nach dem Frequenz-Hopping-Verfahren gebildeten Nachrichtenkanälen |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0651362B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4337212A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2134305T3 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19517037A1 (de) * | 1995-05-10 | 1996-11-14 | Telenot Electronic Gmbh | Funk-Alarmanlage |
DE19700716A1 (de) * | 1997-01-11 | 1997-06-05 | Hauk Rolf Guenter | Drahtlose Alarmanlage |
DE19847665A1 (de) * | 1998-10-15 | 2000-05-04 | Europtel Communication Systems | Sendeempfänger für Datensignale, System zur Übertragung von Datensignalen, und Vorrichtung für den Einbau in einen Sendeempfänger |
GB2420253B (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2009-04-01 | Andrzey Partyka | Transmission of urgent messages in frequency hopping system for intermittent transmission |
RU2265250C1 (ru) * | 2004-12-24 | 2005-11-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "АЛЬТОНИКА" (ООО "АЛЬТОНИКА") | Способ передачи извещений при охране группы объектов |
EP2153673B1 (de) | 2007-05-02 | 2020-01-01 | Tyco Fire & Security GmbH | Drahtloses kommunikationssystem |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4234874A (en) * | 1978-11-08 | 1980-11-18 | Inventional/Security Development Corp. | Alarm system and method thereof |
DE3415032C2 (de) * | 1983-04-27 | 1985-06-20 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Verfahren zur störresistenten Funkübertragung |
US4653068A (en) * | 1984-10-19 | 1987-03-24 | Itt Corporation | Frequency hopping data communication system |
US4977577A (en) * | 1988-11-02 | 1990-12-11 | Axonn Corporation | Wireless alarm system |
DE4035070A1 (de) * | 1990-11-05 | 1992-05-07 | Norbert Schaaf | Funkalarmanlage |
DE4239702C1 (de) * | 1992-11-26 | 1994-03-24 | Grundig Emv | Verfahren zur Überwachung und zum Betrieb einer Funkstrecke zwischen der Zentraleinheit einer Alarmanlage und ihren Überwachungssensoren enthaltenden Außenstationen |
DE4242973C2 (de) * | 1992-12-18 | 1995-01-05 | Grundig Emv | Funkalarmanlage mit einer Vielzahl von nach dem Code-Multiplexverfahren gebildeten Nachrichtenkanälen |
-
1993
- 1993-10-30 DE DE4337212A patent/DE4337212A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-10-26 ES ES94116872T patent/ES2134305T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-26 EP EP94116872A patent/EP0651362B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-26 DE DE59408277T patent/DE59408277D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2134305T3 (es) | 1999-10-01 |
DE4337212A1 (de) | 1995-05-04 |
EP0651362A1 (de) | 1995-05-03 |
DE59408277D1 (de) | 1999-06-24 |
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