EP0641408B1 - Befestigungssystem für schienen auf unterschwellung einer gleisanlage - Google Patents

Befestigungssystem für schienen auf unterschwellung einer gleisanlage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0641408B1
EP0641408B1 EP93909770A EP93909770A EP0641408B1 EP 0641408 B1 EP0641408 B1 EP 0641408B1 EP 93909770 A EP93909770 A EP 93909770A EP 93909770 A EP93909770 A EP 93909770A EP 0641408 B1 EP0641408 B1 EP 0641408B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
wedge
fastening system
sleeper
rail foot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93909770A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0641408A1 (de
Inventor
Wilfried Bonewitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Harms & Haffke & Co GmbH
Original Assignee
Harms & Haffke & Co GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19924216015 external-priority patent/DE4216015C2/de
Priority claimed from DE4220112A external-priority patent/DE4220112C2/de
Application filed by Harms & Haffke & Co GmbH filed Critical Harms & Haffke & Co GmbH
Publication of EP0641408A1 publication Critical patent/EP0641408A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0641408B1 publication Critical patent/EP0641408B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
    • E01B9/04—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry without clamp members
    • E01B9/10—Screws or bolts for sleepers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
    • E01B9/28—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fastening system for rails on a swellings of a track system, in which bolts are anchored on the one hand to the sleepers, and on the other hand via insulating wedge clamps made of plastic, arranged between a horizontally acting abutment and a rail base edge which have a hole for the bolt brace the rail foot insulated against the threshold by intermediate layers, whereby the wedge clamps overlap the rail foot.
  • AT-PS 295 578 and FR-A-2 634 801 describe an elastic and electrically insulating fastening device in which a steel spring and a plastic element fix the rail foot on the threshold with the aid of a bolt.
  • the plastic element is primarily used for the electrical insulation of the steel spring against the threshold and the rail foot and enables the steel spring to rest tightly on both components in the tensioned state. Due to the clamping force applied via the bolt, a pressure is generated in the elastic element made of thermosetting thermoplastic or a synthetic resin or a vulcanized elastomer, which contributes to the wedging between the sleeper and the rail foot.
  • a generic fastening system is known from EP-A2 0 393 432, in particular FIG. 3. It comprises a wedge-shaped clamping element made of cold-resistant, high-modulus, thermoplastic polyurethane with good elongation at break properties, low cold brittleness and high specific volume resistance, which, held by a screw bolt, fills a gap between a shoulder on the threshold and the rail foot and against the rail foot against an overlapping nose Secures horizontal and vertical displacement.
  • the wedge element interacts with an elastic material of the same consistency arranged under the rail foot.
  • Practice has shown that the plastic material used can be used for a variety of operational purposes, especially in tracks that are not intended for high-speed lines.
  • the invention is based on the problem of a fastening system for rails To create sleepers of a track system that avoids the disadvantages of the known systems, but at the same time takes advantage of the excellent material properties of the prior art in order to obtain a highly elastic rail fastening consisting of a few parts, with a long service life and low manufacturing and assembly costs, which is also suitable for a Pre-assembly of all fasteners is suitable.
  • the first solution is that the opening for the penetration of the bolt is composed of two obliquely extending holes. This makes it possible to unscrew the bolt only by a few threads from the anchoring and to tilt the wedge clamp moving along by static friction above its mounting position away from the rail on the bolt shaft, so that the scope for removing or inserting the rail is opened.
  • By arranging two the same large holes at a predetermined distance there is a slight narrowing of the bore between the cross sections of the hole on the surface of the wedge clamp, which ensure a secure hold of the wedge clamp in the tilted position. In this position, the bolt could also be screwed in easily and the wedge clamp between the sleeper body and the head or a nut could be clamped onto the bolt.
  • a second solution provides for the opening for the bolt penetration to be cylindrical, but for the body of the wedge clamp to have an approximately equal material thickness below a nose encompassing the rail foot transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rail.
  • the threshold body is provided with a small recess for this temporary pre-assembly position, which can serve as a resting seat for the wedge clamp.
  • the wedge clamp can be designed without anchoring in the sub-threshold and only the material-inherent deformation properties of the wedge clamp can be used to clamp the rail base from above and between a defined contact point on the sub-base, a rear abutment and the lateral edge of the rail base.
  • the clamp body can have one or two bevelled surfaces - Contact surfaces to the threshold and to the abutment - be provided. If the expected vertical forces, in particular the lifting forces acting on the rail, exceed a defined size, the fastening systems of the first to third solution variants can be combined with one another or a plurality of wedge clamps can be used.
  • a vertically arranged bolt is preferably used, which after releasing the tension is pushed into a recess arranged in the abutment, so that the wedge clamps no longer overlap with the rail foot.
  • the functions of the wedge clamp are separated.
  • a part producing the wedge effect and a part overlapping the rail foot act together in the desired position for fixing the rail foot.
  • the part overlapping the rail foot can be swiveled sideways, shifted or tilted at the factory, as described for an undivided wedge clamp in the three aforementioned embodiments.
  • the two parts of the clamp can be made of differently elastic plastic. Again, a thermoplastic polyurethane is preferably used. However, specially elastic polyamides can also be used.
  • the upper clamping part can be supported on a neck-like extension of the lower clamping part, which is provided with an undercut. As a result, the split clamp can be preassembled as a composite part.
  • the wedge clamp can be provided on its lower surface with projections or noses or cylindrical, sleeve-shaped parts which are dimensioned such that they support the wedge clamp on the dowel anchored in the sleeper, in particular a concrete sleeper or a wooden sleeper Find.
  • This variant has several advantages.
  • the tensile stress acting on the dowel can be reduced in a defined manner; on the other hand, the spring travel can be increased or decreased due to the different design of the material thicknesses of the wedge clamp. A smaller material thickness also results in a higher elasticity of the wedge clamp, so that a better resilience of the fastening system is achieved as soon as the axle load of a vehicle has passed the fastening point.
  • a prerequisite for a good transmission of the clamping force from the wedge clamp to the dowel is a vertical application of force from the wedge clamp to the bolt on the dowel, for which the support surface of the wedge clamp and the surface of the dowel must be arranged in an orthogonal plane to the bolt axis.
  • the pretension of the wedge element, the wedge clamp or the tightening torque of the bolt must be set.
  • very high clamping forces for example greater than 25 kN
  • the intermediate layer under the rail can consist of a material which preferably has a substantially lower spring stiffness than the wedge clamp itself. This increases the resilience of the entire fastening system, in particular if the restoring inertia of the rail underlay is kept within limits, which is possible, for example, by using an elastomer with a cellular structure for the rail support.
  • the dowel or its material property is included in the overall definition of the elasticity of the fastening system.
  • the dowel should have greater elastic expansion relative to the wedge clamp. This measure on the one hand prevents the plastic dowel from being destroyed when the wedge clamp is released and, on the other hand, prevents it from being securely held within the threshold if, when the bolt is released, the static friction between the dowel and the Bolt must be overcome. This means that a dowel can be used many times or permanently, even if the rail fastening has to be loosened several times.
  • a recess into which an expansion element is inserted could be machined on the contact surface between the sleeper and dowel, which generally also has an external thread and which is seated in a concrete sleeper or the wooden sleeper.
  • This expansion element for example in the form of a lamella extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the anchor, allows the anchor to be twisted considerably.
  • Another alternative for a torsionally soft dowel design is the arrangement of a hollow sleeve which extends the dowel and, if necessary, extends through the entire threshold to the bottom thereof, so that the entire twist angle of the dowel can be increased.
  • the dowel itself can also encompass the sleeve, the torsional moment being determinable via the adjustable contact surface friction between sleeve and dowel.
  • Such a hollow sleeve has the positive side effect that water that has penetrated into the dowel can flow downward out of the threshold.
  • the dowel characteristic at least insofar as the dowel belongs to the fastening system in accordance with the screw-in length of the bolt, is to be set so softly that it is not damaged by the clamping forces mentioned as examples.
  • Y-shaped steel sleepers consisting of several H-shaped steel profiles arranged parallel to each other at the fastening points.
  • the steel profiles are bent in a fork shape, so that three rail supports are arranged on a threshold.
  • this threshold form proposed to arrange parallel, at a short distance, to the later seat of the rail foot a beveled shoulder or abutment on the threshold surface, which should serve to support the wedge clamps on the threshold and a recess in the shoulder above the gap between the steel profiles for the passage of a bolt bring in.
  • the recess can be made so large that parts of the dowel anchorage for the bolt and / or parts of the lower surface of the wedge clamp can reach through the perforation in order to be supported against one another in order to introduce clamping forces from the clamp directly into the dowel.
  • the recess should be so large that the bolt together with the attached wedge clamp is so far removed from the clamping position in the pre-assembly position that the rail foot can be inserted.
  • Figures 1a, 1b show different concrete sleeper shapes
  • Figure lc a base of a Y-steel sleeper in partial top view.
  • the threshold 24 has a continuous shoulder 16 for a wedge clamp; the dowel 35 for receiving a sleeper screw is inserted in the middle of the sleeper.
  • a wedge clamp 38 is held off-center on the concrete sleeper 4 between the shoulder 37 which only extends approximately to the middle of the sleeper and the rail foot 2 with sleeper screw 9.
  • the rail fastening is held by angle strips 40 between the concrete sleeper 4 and the rail base 2 (FIG. 5).
  • 1c shows the abutments 42, 43 with inclined surfaces 48, 49, the recesses 46, 47 above the gap 52 in the middle between the H-beams 44, 45, which support the rail supports 50, 51.
  • Figure 2a shows the fastening situation for a rail 1 on a threshold according to Figure la or 1b in partial section AA.
  • a concrete sleeper 4 carries on the surface 6 an intermediate layer 3 made of plastic, for example made of a cellular elastomer, on which the rail base 2 of the sleeper 4 rests.
  • the threshold has a depression on the surface 6 which ends in the shoulder 16 and recess 25.
  • a dowel 5 is cast or screwed into the threshold, which extends the threshold 4 to its underside 7 reaches through.
  • the gap between the shoulder 16 on the threshold and the rail foot 2 is filled by a wedge clamp 8, shown here in the assembly position.
  • a nose 15 grips over the rail foot 2 and fixes the rail 1 on the concrete sleeper as soon as the bolt 9 is screwed onto its head 10 by a suitable tool so far into the sleeper or dowel 5 until the sleeper head 11 on the surface of the wedge clamp 8 is present.
  • the bolt position 9a according to FIG. 2a corresponds to the preassembly position of the fastening system, as it is prepared for dispatch, for example, in the threshold manufacturer's plant.
  • the wedge clamp in position 8a is tilted relative to the bolt, which in position 9a clamps the wedge clamp 8a between the bolt head 11 and the sleeper, especially the recess 25 in the sleeper surface. This tilting position 8a of the wedge clamp is possible because, as shown in FIG.
  • the bore for the screw bolt consists of two assembled holes 12 and 13, at the transition 14 of which the bore is slightly narrowed.
  • Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the wedge clamp according to the invention with the same arrangement of the rail base 2 and the intermediate layer 3 on a concrete sleeper 24.
  • the wedge clamp 18 is located with its cylindrical bore with a diameter 29 on the shaft of the bolt 9 above the actual pre-assembly position, which is achieved as soon as the bolt is screwed further into dowel 35 and the nose 19 of the wedge clamp rests in the recess 22 above the shoulder 27 on the surface of the concrete sleeper 24.
  • the material thickness of the wedge clamp 18, represented by the wall 20 or 21 on an orthogonal axis O to the pin axis A, is approximately the same size.
  • the nose 19 of the wedge clamp 18 is normally rotated by 180 degrees to the rail foot in the assembly position. By turning the nose 19, the scope - as shown - for inserting the rail foot 2 next to the wedge clamp is opened.
  • FIG. 4 shows a wedge clamp 32 in a basic design as in FIG. 3, but with assembled bores 33 in accordance with FIG. 2a for the passage of the bolt 9.
  • the bolt 9 additionally has a disk 26 which is used for load distribution between the bolt head 11 and the surface of the Wedge clamp 32 can be arranged.
  • the preassembly position 32a of the wedge clamp is also shown.
  • the wedge clamp 32 has on its underside an annular material taper 34 which corresponds approximately to the material thickness of the anchor 31 resting in the threshold 30 - the anchorage for the bolt 9.
  • FIG. 5 shows a wedge clamp 38 with a nose in a manner analogous to FIG. 3 or 2a.
  • the dowel 43 which rests on the abutment 37 in the threshold 4 takes over part of the clamping forces which are transmitted to the dowel 43 by the wedge clamp 38 with the support part 39.
  • this support part 39 is designed on the side facing the rail foot in such a way that it has a contact surface with the intermediate layer 3.
  • a wedge clamp 38 can also be equipped with a guide 17 (FIG. 2a).
  • the rail foot rests on the concrete sleeper in an elastic, insulating angle strip 40 according to Figure 1b.
  • the wedge clamp 28 has a lateral bevel complementary to the inclined surface 36.
  • the wedge clamp In the preassembly position 28a of the wedge clamp rotated by 180 degrees on the bolt 9, the wedge clamp rests on this inclined surface.
  • Figure 7 shows a side view in partial section through an H-profile 44 of a Y-shaped steel sleeper according to Figure lc.
  • the threshold has a gap 52 through which a bolt 53 engages.
  • an abutment 43 is welded, the inclined surface 49 of which on the threshold side serves as an abutment for the wedge clamp 56, while on the other hand the rail base 2 with the intermediate layer 3 underneath is fixed by the wedge clamp 56 as soon as the nut 54 is open the bolt 53 is screwed tightly against the bolt held under the H-profile 44 with head 55 and elastic insulating washer 57.
  • the bolt in the released state has been pushed to the left into the recess 46 (FIG. 1c) of the abutment 42 by the dimension x, corresponding to the extent to which the rail foot is covered by the nose of the wedge clamp.
  • the wedge clamp 56a rests here on the abutment 42.
  • FIG. 8 shows an alternative fastening on a steel sleeper 63, with the aid of a bolt 53, which on the one hand has a flat head 55 and on the other hand has a screwed-on nut 54, for applying a clamping force to the wedge clamp 61.
  • the bolt 53 is on the underside of the Threshold 63 is fixed in position by an angle element 62 for screw head 55 and a plastic disk 57. If necessary, a support surface (not shown) on the underside of the wedge element 61 can reach through the gap 52 in order to be able to be supported on the disk 57.
  • the spring properties of the connection can be set within certain limits by the choice of the appropriate materials for the wedge clamp 61 and the washer 57.
  • the abutment 59 is designed as an angle, which serves on the side facing away from the rail foot as a support for the flexible nose 60 of the wedge clamp.
  • Fig. 9 shows a split clamp.
  • Wedge part 65 fixes the position of the rail foot 2 with respect to an abutment on threshold 71.
  • Nose part 66 has been pushed onto a neck 72 of the wedge part 65, on which it is held by the projection 73, but - as shown by broken lines - around the neck in one 180 ° pre-assembly position is pivotable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
EP93909770A 1992-05-13 1993-05-13 Befestigungssystem für schienen auf unterschwellung einer gleisanlage Expired - Lifetime EP0641408B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924216015 DE4216015C2 (de) 1992-05-13 1992-05-13 Befestigungssystem für Schienen auf Unterschwellung einer Gleisanlage
DE4216015 1992-05-13
DE4220112A DE4220112C2 (de) 1992-06-18 1992-06-18 Schienenbefestigung mit Federelement aus Kunststoff
DE4220112 1992-06-18
PCT/DE1993/000430 WO1993023623A1 (de) 1992-05-13 1993-05-13 Befestigungssystem für schienen auf unterschwellung einer gleisanlage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0641408A1 EP0641408A1 (de) 1995-03-08
EP0641408B1 true EP0641408B1 (de) 1997-12-29

Family

ID=25914815

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93909770A Expired - Lifetime EP0641408B1 (de) 1992-05-13 1993-05-13 Befestigungssystem für schienen auf unterschwellung einer gleisanlage

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0641408B1 (et)
AT (1) ATE161596T1 (et)
AU (1) AU4059193A (et)
DE (1) DE59307894D1 (et)
EE (1) EE9400310A (et)
HU (1) HUT73474A (et)
RU (1) RU94046007A (et)
WO (1) WO1993023623A1 (et)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4230063A1 (de) * 1992-09-07 1994-03-10 Udo Wirthwein Elastisches Schienenbefestigungssystem mit Schienennagel und Federring aus Kunststoff
DE202008014249U1 (de) * 2008-07-09 2008-12-24 Vossloh-Werke Gmbh System zum Befestigen einer Schiene auf einem Untergrund

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE571991A (et) *
US1586617A (en) * 1926-02-03 1926-06-01 Etheridge Harry Means for fastening railway rails to their supports
FR1323628A (fr) * 1962-02-27 1963-04-12 Dispositif de fixation de rails facilitant la pose de ces derniers en longues barres
GB1530463A (en) * 1975-06-19 1978-11-01 Lindsay Ltd Henry Fastener devices
FR2634801B1 (fr) * 1988-08-01 1990-11-09 Sonneville Int Dispositif de support et de fixation pour rail de chemin de fer
SE509038C2 (sv) * 1990-07-19 1998-11-30 Gerhard Seeger Förfaringssätt för att fästa en räls vid en syll och en klämanordning för möjliggörande av förfaringsättet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU94046007A (ru) 1996-09-20
EE9400310A (et) 1996-04-15
EP0641408A1 (de) 1995-03-08
AU4059193A (en) 1993-12-13
WO1993023623A1 (de) 1993-11-25
ATE161596T1 (de) 1998-01-15
DE59307894D1 (de) 1998-02-05
HU9403243D0 (en) 1995-02-28
HUT73474A (en) 1996-08-28

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