EP0635694B1 - Dispositif de refroidissement d'un gaz qui forme des dépÔts - Google Patents

Dispositif de refroidissement d'un gaz qui forme des dépÔts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0635694B1
EP0635694B1 EP94110240A EP94110240A EP0635694B1 EP 0635694 B1 EP0635694 B1 EP 0635694B1 EP 94110240 A EP94110240 A EP 94110240A EP 94110240 A EP94110240 A EP 94110240A EP 0635694 B1 EP0635694 B1 EP 0635694B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating surface
heating
gas
heating surfaces
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94110240A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0635694A2 (fr
EP0635694A3 (fr
Inventor
Ralf-Uwe Dr. Hartermann
Hubert Scheid
Reinald Schulze-Eckel
Joachim Papendick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Zosen Inova Steinmueller GmbH
Original Assignee
L&C Steinmueller GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by L&C Steinmueller GmbH filed Critical L&C Steinmueller GmbH
Publication of EP0635694A2 publication Critical patent/EP0635694A2/fr
Publication of EP0635694A3 publication Critical patent/EP0635694A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0635694B1 publication Critical patent/EP0635694B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/86—Other features combined with waste-heat boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1838—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines the hot gas being under a high pressure, e.g. in chemical installations
    • F22B1/1846—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines the hot gas being under a high pressure, e.g. in chemical installations the hot gas being loaded with particles, e.g. waste heat boilers after a coal gasification plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
    • F28D7/024—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of only one medium being helically coiled tubes, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G1/00—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances
    • F28G1/08—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances having scrapers, hammers, or cutters, e.g. rigidly mounted
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G7/00—Cleaning by vibration or pressure waves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for cooling a deposit-forming gas consisting of an upright container with the gas flowing through it, at least two containers arranged in the container and constructed from at least one heating surface formed in a closed geometry and through which a cooling medium flows and several tapping devices assigned to the individual heating surfaces for the mechanical cleaning of the heating surfaces.
  • heating surface units of a height still to be cleaned have been suspended separately from one another in the container and switched into the coolant circuit via separate connections through the container wall.
  • a heating surface constructed in a closed geometry is understood to mean one that can be accelerated by tapping at one point or a limited number of points so that cleaning is possible. This can be achieved in particular in that each heating surface of the heating surface unit is designed in a tube / web / tube or fin tube construction, ie all tubes of the bundle are rigidly connected to form a structural unit.
  • This object is achieved in that the upper of the heating surface units is supported on the container and the lower heating surface unit is connected to the upper heating surface unit via connecting pipes through which the coolant flows so that the heating surface units are successively flowed through by the cooling medium and the connecting pipes between the Heating surface bundles form an open geometry that does not hinder the knocking effect on the individual heating surface units.
  • the upper heating surface unit of the device takes over the supporting function with a correspondingly designed support on the container.
  • the one or more downstream heating surface units of the device are carried by the connecting pipes from the upper unit.
  • the connecting pipes thus simultaneously take over the weight of the downstream heating surface units and their coolant connection.
  • mechanical decoupling takes place such that the two heating surface units can be tapped safely and independently of one another by the knocking devices assigned to them.
  • the overall heights of the heating surface units with regard to the interaction of dirt and cleaning effects by knocking, i.e. H. the size of the cooling section are determined independently of the area of influence of the knocking devices by the permissible and thus optimized data of the coolant circuit.
  • Each heating surface unit is preferably constructed in a manner known per se from a plurality of heating surfaces plugged into one another, each of which protrudes from the adjacent other, and the associated knocking devices can act separately on the heating surfaces.
  • the individual heating surfaces can be designed as bulkhead heating surfaces provided with longitudinally or transversely (snake-shaped) flow tubes or can be wound in a helical shape.
  • the cross sections perpendicular to the direction of flow can be cylindrical, square, polygonal or the like.
  • the overall height of the heating surface bundle or the heating surfaces in the flow direction of the gas is adapted to the cleaning effect, which corresponds to the acceleration that can be applied by the knocking devices.
  • the connecting pipes preferably extend essentially vertically and in a straight line in the direction of the gas flow. Very little erosion can then occur on the connecting pipes because they extend in the direction of the gas flow and not transversely to it.
  • a further improvement in the cleaning of deposits that form on the heating surfaces is achieved in that the free flow cross-section for the gas is limited, starting from the area of the connecting pipes such that the speed is increased in the downstream heating surface unit.
  • Increasing the gas velocity by reducing the free flow cross-section reduces the formation of deposits by increasing the self-cleaning power.
  • gas speeds which are too low are avoided, in particular at partial load, with the risk of bridging at the cold end of the device.
  • the heating surface size of the downstream heating surface unit can also be reduced by increasing the gas velocity in a downstream heating surface unit while at the same time reducing fouling.
  • the construction of the individual heating surface in a closed geometry is advantageously achieved by using the tube / web / tube construction or fin tube construction.
  • an outer wall cooling surface and / or an inner wall cooling surface restricting the gas flow to an annular flow space can also be provided, which are also acted upon by cooling medium.
  • the raw gas G to be cooled and pressurized enters from above into a vertically standing container 1.
  • a support for a first heating surface bundle 3 is provided, which consists of several there are nested heating surfaces 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d.
  • the heating surface bundle 3 is connected to collectors 5 located outside of the container 1 via a plurality of connecting lines 4 which also perform the removal function.
  • the design of the cooling medium paths in the heating surface bundle 3 or in the individual heating surfaces 3a - 3d lies within the framework of professional action. For this reason, symbol 6 has been used in FIG. 1 for all heating surfaces within bundle 3.
  • the heating surface 3d protrudes from the heating surface 3c, the heating surface 3c from the heating surface 3b and the heating surface 3b from the heating surface 3a, so that the individual heating surfaces can be accelerated by means of schematically illustrated knocking or tapping devices 7a-7d and thus cleaned.
  • the heating surface bundle 3 or its individual heating surfaces 3a - 3b are connected to a further heating surface bundle 9 consisting of heating surfaces 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d via connecting pipes 8 which extend essentially in the gas flow direction.
  • the heating surfaces within the bundle 9 are again identified by the symbol 10.
  • Knocking devices 11a-11d are assigned to the individual heating surfaces 9a-9d.
  • the formation of the cooling medium paths in the heating surface bundle 9 is again in the area of professional action.
  • the tubes 8 build an area of open geometry between the heating surface bundles 3 and 9 formed in a closed geometry, so that the heating surfaces 3 and 9 are mechanically decoupled with respect to the effect of the knocking devices 7 and 11.
  • the heating surfaces in the bundle are identified by the symbol 13 '.
  • At least a part of the connecting pipes 8 and 12 takes over the supporting function for the heating surface bundle 9 and 13 respectively connected downstream.
  • the heating surface bundle 13 or its heating surfaces 13a-13c are connected to distributors 16 via connecting lines 15, so that the heating surfaces 13, 9 and 3 in countercurrent to the gas G entering above from the cooling medium K (e.g. water / Steam).
  • the device according to the invention can also be operated in direct current if necessary, the gas entering the container at the bottom.
  • the diameter of the container 1 decreases in the area 1a, so that the speed of the already partially cooled gas flowing into the heating surface bundle 13 is increased, so that the advantages mentioned in the introduction to the description can be achieved.
  • the reduction in the free flow cross-section is achieved by reducing the container diameter
  • such a reduction can also be achieved by changing the diameter of the cooling pipes used in the subsequent heating surface by changing the heating surfaces in the bundle 13, that the pipe pitch in the individual heating surfaces is reduced or that an additional displacement body, which can preferably also be designed as an inner wall cooling surface, is introduced into the heating surface.
  • the container wall itself is shown as a limitation of the flow path for the gas to be cooled.
  • the limitation of the gas route can be formed by a special wall heating surface and / or as a sheet metal shirt and / or as masonry, as in the form of a Wall heating surface and a brick lining is shown in DE-PS 31 37 576.
  • the distributors 16 and / or the collectors 5 are arranged in whole or in part in the gas flow; they can also be arranged between the container wall and a separate wall heating surface or sheets or masonry.
  • the heating surface bundle 3 will not be removed by a support 2 on the side wall, but it will be advantageous to heat the heating surface bundle 3 and thus the heating surface bundle 9 and 13 on the ceiling structure of the container.
  • the heating surface bundle 17 consists of three heating surfaces, in which tubes 18 extend parallel to the gas flow and which have a square cross section.
  • the individual heating surfaces 20 consist of bulkhead-like partial heating surfaces 20a with transverse flow tubes, which are arranged in a polygonal manner.
  • the heating surface bundle 21 has a plurality of heating surfaces 22 wound helically.
  • the embodiments according to FIGS. 2-4 show examples of heating surface bundles in a closed geometry with any desired routing of the cooling tubes in a welded fin tube or tube / web / tube construction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Dispositif pour refroidir un gaz formant une incrustation, comportant un réservoir (1) disposé debout et traversé par le gaz, au moins deux unités de surface de chauffage (3, 9; 9, 13) disposées dans le réservoir et constituées d'au moins une surface de chauffage réalisée sous la forme d'une géométrie fermée, et traversée par l'agent de refroidissement, et, associés aux surfaces de chauffage individuelles, plusieurs dispositifs de martèlement (7, 11, 14) pour le nettoyage mécanique des surfaces de chauffage, caractérisé en ce que l'unité supérieure (3; 9) des unités (3, 9; 9, 13) de surface de chauffage est supportée (2) par le réservoir (1), en ce que la surface de chauffage inférieure (9; 13) est reliée à l'unité supérieure (3; 9) de surface de chauffage par l'intermédiaire de tubes (8; 12) de liaison traversés par l'agent de refroidissement de telle sorte que les unités (6; 10, 13') de surface de chauffage sont traversées successivement par l'agent de refroidissement et en ce que les tubes de liaison (8; 12) forment, entre les surfaces de chauffage, une géométrie ouverte qui n'entrave pas l'effet de martèlement (7; 11; 14) contre les unités de surface de chauffage individuel.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque unité (3; 9; 13) de surface de chauffage est construite comme un faisceau à partir de plusieurs surfaces de chauffage (3a-3d; 9a-9d; 13a-13c) insérées les unes dans les autres dont respectivement une surface fait saillie de l'autre surface avoisinante, et les dispositifs de martèlement associés (7a-7d; 11a-11d; 14a-14c) peuvent agir de façon séparée sur les surfaces de chauffage (3a-3d; 9a-9d; 13a-13c).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la hauteur de construction du faisceau de surfaces de chauffage ou des surfaces de chauffage est adaptée, vue en direction d'écoulement du gaz, à l'action de nettoyage, qui correspond à l'accélération pouvant être appliquée par les dispositifs de martèlement.
  4. Dispositif selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les tubes (8; 12) de liaison s'étendent essentiellement verticalement et de façon droite en direction de l'écoulement du gaz (G).
  5. Dispositif selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'à partir de la zone des tubes de liaison, la section transversale libre pour le gaz (G) est limitée (1a) de telle sorte que la vitesse dans l'unité (13) de surface de chauffage placée en aval est augmentée.
  6. Dispositif selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la construction des surfaces de chauffage individuel (3; 9; 13) en une géométrie fermée est obtenue par l'utilisation de la construction tube/barrette/tube ou de la construction de tubes et ailettes.
  7. Dispositif selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une surface externe de refroidissement de paroi et/ou une surface interne de refroidissement de paroi délimitant l'écoulement de gaz à une chambre annulaire d'écoulement qui sont également chargées d'un agent de refroidissement, sont prévues.
EP94110240A 1993-07-22 1994-07-01 Dispositif de refroidissement d'un gaz qui forme des dépÔts Expired - Lifetime EP0635694B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4324586A DE4324586C1 (de) 1993-07-22 1993-07-22 Vorrichtung zum Abkühlen eines belagbildenden Gases
DE4324586 1993-07-22

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0635694A2 EP0635694A2 (fr) 1995-01-25
EP0635694A3 EP0635694A3 (fr) 1995-06-28
EP0635694B1 true EP0635694B1 (fr) 1997-09-10

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94110240A Expired - Lifetime EP0635694B1 (fr) 1993-07-22 1994-07-01 Dispositif de refroidissement d'un gaz qui forme des dépÔts

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5482110A (fr)
EP (1) EP0635694B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4324586C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2107713T3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102679770A (zh) * 2012-05-11 2012-09-19 武汉工程大学 可调往复式脉动流强化传热换热器
CN114705064A (zh) * 2022-03-30 2022-07-05 南京华电节能环保股份有限公司 一种用于焦炉上升管的荒煤气余热回收利用装置

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2761147B1 (fr) * 1997-03-24 1999-05-14 Gec Alsthom Stein Ind Echangeur de chaleur a encombrement reduit
JP3509695B2 (ja) * 2000-04-13 2004-03-22 哲人 田村 急速冷却装置およびその方法
US8684070B2 (en) * 2006-08-15 2014-04-01 Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group, Inc. Compact radial platen arrangement for radiant syngas cooler
AU2010270298B2 (en) * 2009-07-09 2013-11-14 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Heat exchanger
KR20120046236A (ko) 2009-07-09 2012-05-09 쉘 인터내셔날 리써취 마트샤피지 비.브이. 열 교환기
JP2013517365A (ja) 2010-01-21 2013-05-16 シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ 熱交換器および熱交換器を操作する方法
WO2012028550A1 (fr) 2010-08-30 2012-03-08 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Réacteur de gazéification
RU2476800C1 (ru) * 2011-09-22 2013-02-27 Алексей Павлович Левцев Теплообменник
WO2015173103A1 (fr) * 2014-05-13 2015-11-19 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Dispositif d'échange thermique pour le refroidissement d'un gaz de synthèse et son procédé d'assemblage
RU189928U1 (ru) * 2019-02-13 2019-06-11 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский Мордовский государственный университет им. Н.П. Огарёва" Водо-водяной теплообменник
RU194586U1 (ru) * 2019-10-16 2019-12-17 ФГБОУ ВО "Национальный исследовательский Мордовский государственный университет им. Н.П. Огарева" Водо-водяной теплообменник

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GB732104A (en) * 1950-12-29 1955-06-22 Svenska Maskinverken Ab Improvements relating to the cleaning of heat-exchanger tubes
DK424178A (da) * 1977-09-26 1979-03-27 H Vorkauf Varmeveksler med roertavler der er indrettet til af kunne renses ved vibration
DE3137576C2 (de) * 1981-09-22 1985-02-28 L. & C. Steinmüller GmbH, 5270 Gummersbach Vorrichtung zum Abkühlen von aus einem Vergasungsprozeß stammenden Prozeßgas
DE3737359A1 (de) * 1987-11-04 1989-05-18 Krupp Koppers Gmbh Abhitzekessel zur kuehlung von partialoxidationsrohgas
DE3725424C1 (de) * 1987-07-31 1988-07-21 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Strahlungskuehler fuer die Abkuehlung von mit Staub beladenen Gasen
DE3824233A1 (de) * 1988-07-16 1990-01-18 Krupp Koppers Gmbh Anlage fuer die erzeugung eines produktgases aus einem feinteiligen kohlenstofftraeger

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102679770A (zh) * 2012-05-11 2012-09-19 武汉工程大学 可调往复式脉动流强化传热换热器
CN102679770B (zh) * 2012-05-11 2013-12-11 武汉工程大学 可调往复式脉动流强化传热换热器
CN114705064A (zh) * 2022-03-30 2022-07-05 南京华电节能环保股份有限公司 一种用于焦炉上升管的荒煤气余热回收利用装置
CN114705064B (zh) * 2022-03-30 2023-06-13 南京华电节能环保股份有限公司 一种用于焦炉上升管的荒煤气余热回收利用装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5482110A (en) 1996-01-09
EP0635694A2 (fr) 1995-01-25
EP0635694A3 (fr) 1995-06-28
DE4324586C1 (de) 1994-11-17
DE59404010D1 (de) 1997-10-16
ES2107713T3 (es) 1997-12-01

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