EP0633862B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur untersuchung von müll nach metallbestandteilen - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur untersuchung von müll nach metallbestandteilen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0633862B1
EP0633862B1 EP93907852A EP93907852A EP0633862B1 EP 0633862 B1 EP0633862 B1 EP 0633862B1 EP 93907852 A EP93907852 A EP 93907852A EP 93907852 A EP93907852 A EP 93907852A EP 0633862 B1 EP0633862 B1 EP 0633862B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refuse
metal
vehicle according
container
metal probe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93907852A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0633862A1 (de
Inventor
Hans-Jürgen MAIER
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP0633862A1 publication Critical patent/EP0633862A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/152—Material detecting means
    • B65F2210/1525—Material detecting means for metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a refuse collection vehicle with a device for examining refuse collected in a refuse container for metal components.
  • Metal waste is a particular problem because of its material composition, in particular its heavy metal content and, for example, paint and solvent residues and other chemicals, which can be present in particular in metal cans or spray cans.
  • the heavy metals and chemicals can enter the groundwater from waste disposal sites or penetrate into surface water and contaminate it.
  • toxic waste gases can arise from metal waste, which cannot be completely filtered out even by expensive cleaning processes before being released into the air. In this respect, it is desirable for ecological reasons to collect and dispose of at least metal waste separately from other types of waste.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a possibility of checking the garbage on metal components already when picked up by a garbage truck from the garbage collector.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention with a method of the type mentioned at the outset in that the garbage container at the garbage collector is scanned by at least one metal probe connected to the vehicle before being emptied and picked up by a garbage truck, and when metal is detected, an electrical and / or acoustic and / or or optical signal is generated.
  • the at least one metal probe can generate a pulsed or continuous eddy current field, or it can radiate electromagnetic waves through the waste container.
  • a code arranged on the waste container for identifying the waste generator can be read and the number of metal detections per waste generator can be stored in a certain period of time.
  • the miller then receives quarterly or half-yearly bills with penalties, the amount of which depends on the frequency of detection of metal waste in his garbage can.
  • the reverse incentive ie a reduction in the garbage fees if metal waste is sorted out, is also conceivable.
  • the method according to the invention can in particular also reduce the garbage fees for organic waste compared to residual waste. Misuse of the organic waste container for other types of waste with metal components that are intolerable for compost production can be reliably prevented by monitoring directly at the waste generator before emptying the organic waste container.
  • the garbage truck according to the invention has a device for examining garbage collected in containers for metal components.
  • This device can have at least one metal probe and a display device.
  • the at least one metal probe and the display device can expediently be connectable to the power supply of the refuse collection vehicle.
  • the arrangement of the metal probe or probes on the garbage truck ensures that they are carried and can be used every time the garbage truck drives.
  • the at least one metal probe can be designed as a removable hand-held device, the waste containers being examined manually by moving the outside of the container with the probe or probes. This is a very inexpensive solution, which can also be retrofitted to any garbage truck or any other vehicle to carry out random checks.
  • a more convenient solution is to arrange the at least one metal probe in the area of a garbage container lifting device on the garbage truck or on the lifting device itself.
  • the waste containers are automatically checked for metal when they are picked up on the vehicle, manual intervention is no longer necessary.
  • the at least one metal probe can be movably guided on the garbage truck or the lifting device in order to be able to at least partially move off the outside of the garbage container.
  • the metal probe can also be coupled to the drive unit of a lifting device of the refuse vehicle in order to block it when a metal object is detected in the refuse container and thus to prevent the refuse container from being emptied.
  • the at least one metal probe can be annular with a diameter that is larger than the outside diameter of the waste container. she can thus encompass the entire circumference of the waste container and be moved over the length of the container in order to allow an examination of the container contents.
  • the metal probe is rod-shaped, the length of the rod corresponding at least to the height of the waste container. In this way, a horizontal movement of the probe along at least one outside of the refuse container allows the contents of the waste container to be searched for metal components.
  • the probes are loop-shaped and arranged parallel to the sides of the waste bin.
  • a plate-shaped design of the metal probes is also possible.
  • the probes described can also be designed as a battery-operated device for mobile use or can be arranged on special inspection vehicles in order to be able to carry out random tests of waste containers regardless of their emptying or collection.
  • the examination of the container contents can also be carried out by the metal probe being fixedly arranged in particular on a refuse collection vehicle and by the container being moved relative to it.
  • devices for compensating influences of metal objects outside the refuse container can expediently be provided in order to prevent malfunctions, for. B. by the vehicle, which is largely made of metal itself.
  • Such compensation devices can be, for example, purely passive shielding devices or active-acting compensation coils.
  • both the sensitivity of the metal probes and their selection behavior with regard to certain types of metal can be adjustable on the device.
  • the device can have a reading device for receiving a user code on a waste container.
  • the reading device and the metal probe can be connected to a data processing device with memory.
  • the device with a label dispensing device in order to be able to provide the waste containers with metal components in the waste with stickers which have an appeal for waste separation.
  • the severity and type of contamination of the waste with metal constituents per waste generator can also be recorded and taken into account when setting the waste charges.
  • a switch can be operated when metal is detected in a waste container, which ensures that the content of this container is in a chamber for residual waste and not in the chamber for organic waste, to those special for the production of compost Purity requirements are met. In this way, both organic and residual waste containers can be emptied in one trip.
  • a code on the waste bin indicates the type of waste and the metal probe reports any metal contamination in a bio waste bin. If a user identification code is also arranged on the garbage container, soiled impurities can be taken into account when setting the garbage fees and the user can be informed of this, for example, by a label attached to the garbage container.
  • a metal probe 13 is arranged at the rear end of the garbage truck 10. It is connected to the power supply of the garbage truck 10 via a power cable 14.
  • the probe 13 can be removed from a holder (not shown) on the vehicle 10, put over the waste container 12 and moved over its length, as a result of which the entire contents of the container 12 can be examined for metallic objects.
  • the probe 13 has an annular shape with an opening whose diameter is larger than that of the refuse container 12. In this case, the probe 13 can generate both a continuous and a pulsed eddy current field, or else irradiate the waste container 12 with electromagnetic waves.
  • the metal probe 15 in FIG. 2 is rod-shaped and cannot be removed from the lifting device 11 of the refuse vehicle 10.
  • the lower end of the probe 15 is arranged displaceably in a rail 16 perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. After the refuse container 12 has been received on the base plate 17 of the lifting device 11, the metal probe 15 is moved horizontally along the front of the refuse container 12 and the contents of the container 12 are searched for metal objects.
  • a fixed arrangement of an annular probe similar to that from FIG. 1 on the lifting device 11 would also be conceivable.
  • the ring of the metal probe could, for example, be arranged parallel to the base plate 17 at a distance which is greater than the height of the refuse container 12 and could be moved in a vertical direction over the container 12. as soon as this has been added to the base plate 17.
  • reading devices for receiving a user code or a code attached to the waste container 12 for identifying the type of waste collected in the container can also be arranged on the lifting device 11 or on the vehicle 10.
  • Such a reading device is identified in the block diagram according to FIG. 3 by the reference number 20. It can consist, for example, of a reading pen or a camera.
  • the code recorded by it is decrypted in a decryption device 21 and fed to a data processing system 22.
  • the data processing system 22 is also fed the signal of a metal probe 23 and combined with the information about the user of the garbage can that has just been examined and stored in a storage unit 24.
  • the stored data can later be evaluated when creating an invoice for the garbage fees. Waste producers who have not made a systematic separation of metal waste and other waste are asked to pay more depending on the frequency of detected metal waste.
  • the metal probe 23 is also connected to a display device, here a signal lamp 25, which lights up whenever metal objects 23 have been discovered in a waste container with the metal probe. In this way it is also possible to visually check the metal content of individual garbage cans.
  • the metal probe 23 is also connected to a drive unit 26 of a lifting device of a refuse collection vehicle, whereby emptying of this container can be prevented when metal waste is detected.
  • the metal probe 23 can also be connected to a switch 27 so that the content of the corresponding container can be diverted into the chamber for residual waste when metal is detected.
  • a label dispenser 28 is connected to the metal probe 23 in order to be able to mark garbage containers with metal components in the content accordingly and thus to prompt their users to separate the garbage.
  • the data processing device 22 is connected to an input unit 29, via which the sensitivity of the metal probe 23 and its selection behavior with respect to certain types of metal can be preselected.
  • the corresponding information is forwarded by the data processing device 22 to the metal probe 23 via a line 31 shown in broken lines.
  • Sensitivity and selection behavior of the metal probe 23 can also be set by pressing a button on the probe itself or by means of a magnetic card or a plug-in module.
  • the data processing device and, via this, also all other components of the device are connected to a power supply 30 of a refuse collection vehicle.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows a further exemplary embodiment of a device for metal detection in the content of a refuse container 12 with a shielding plate 32 which is bent laterally.
  • a total of six plate-shaped metal probes 35 are arranged between the side skirts 33 and 34 of the shielding plate 32 so that three of the probes 35 face each other to the left and right of a waste container 12.
  • the refuse container 12 is moved past the probes 35 in a manner not shown, via a base plate 36, whereby its entire contents can be examined for metal.
  • the device according to FIG. 4 can also be arranged on a garbage truck in the area of the lifting device, the shielding plate 32 reliably preventing interference from the metal components of the garbage truck.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Refuse-Collection Vehicles (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
EP93907852A 1992-04-06 1993-03-30 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur untersuchung von müll nach metallbestandteilen Expired - Lifetime EP0633862B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4211545A DE4211545C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1992-04-06 1992-04-06
DE4211545 1992-04-06
PCT/EP1993/000763 WO1993019999A1 (de) 1992-04-06 1993-03-30 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur untersuchung von müll nach metallbestandteilen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0633862A1 EP0633862A1 (de) 1995-01-18
EP0633862B1 true EP0633862B1 (de) 1996-01-10

Family

ID=6456225

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93907852A Expired - Lifetime EP0633862B1 (de) 1992-04-06 1993-03-30 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur untersuchung von müll nach metallbestandteilen

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5610516A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0633862B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JP3232414B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE132831T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU3890493A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE4211545C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK0633862T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES2083284T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO1993019999A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1748003A1 (de) * 2005-07-26 2007-01-31 Maier & Fabris GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Untersuchung von Müll nach Metallbestandteilen

Families Citing this family (20)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2701140A1 (fr) * 1993-02-01 1994-08-05 Tech Innovations Medicales Dispositif de comptage des compresses chirurgicales.
DE9403808U1 (de) * 1994-03-08 1994-05-05 Maier & Fabris GmbH, 72072 Tübingen Vorrichtung für Müllfahrzeuge zur Erfassung und Auswertung von die Entleerung von Müllcontainern betreffenden Daten
DE29508963U1 (de) * 1995-05-31 1995-08-17 Maier, Hans-Jürgen, 72072 Tübingen Vorrichtung zur Erkennung von Metallteilen
DE19708204C2 (de) * 1997-02-28 1999-12-16 Moba Mobile Automation Gmbh Wa Behälteridentifikationssystem an Seitenladermüllfahrzeugen mit Greifarmen
DE19708235C2 (de) * 1997-02-28 1999-12-16 Moba Mobile Automation Gmbh Wa Behälteridentifikationssystem an Seitenladermüllfahrzeugen mit Greifarmen
US6724305B2 (en) * 2001-05-25 2004-04-20 Golden West Sales Pulse induction silverware detector
AUPR955001A0 (en) * 2001-12-11 2002-01-24 Medivac Technology Pty Limited Compact waste treatment apparatus
AUPR955101A0 (en) * 2001-12-11 2002-01-24 Medivac Technology Pty Limited Improved compact waste treatment apparatus
US20060127202A1 (en) * 2002-10-30 2006-06-15 Thorvaldur Tryggvason Refuse collecting apparatus for a refuse collecting vehicle
EA013407B1 (ru) * 2005-03-16 2010-04-30 Юнайтед Рисорс Рикавери Корпорейшн Отделение загрязнений от полиэфирных материалов
US7098299B1 (en) 2005-03-16 2006-08-29 United Resource Recovery Corporation Separation of contaminants from polyester materials
BRPI0800473B1 (pt) * 2008-03-05 2020-04-22 Petroleo Brasileiro Sa Petrobras sistema e processo para detecção de vazamento em umbilicais
US8584976B1 (en) 2012-04-23 2013-11-19 M & C Innovations, Llc Sink disposal and metal sensor
US9194113B1 (en) 2012-04-23 2015-11-24 Samelin Innovations, LLC Sink disposal and metal sensor
GB201212415D0 (en) 2012-07-11 2012-08-22 Cryogatt Systems Ltd RFID probe
US10286404B2 (en) 2014-08-11 2019-05-14 Samelin Innovations, LLC Detecting unintended objects in under-sink disposal
FI126537B (fi) * 2014-08-13 2017-01-31 Metrosense Oy Menetelmä, laitteisto ja järjestelmä jätteiden lajittelemiseksi
US9520046B2 (en) * 2014-09-09 2016-12-13 Vivint, Inc. Refuse removal reminders
WO2017112870A1 (en) * 2015-12-23 2017-06-29 Stryker Corporation Metal detection system for use with medical waste container
US11673703B1 (en) * 2019-06-07 2023-06-13 Wm Recycle America, L.L.C. Apparatus and method for applying labels to a customer container from a waste collection, disposal and/or recycling vehicle

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DE3114527C1 (de) * 1981-04-10 1982-10-14 J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Altpapier
DE3341071A1 (de) * 1982-11-18 1984-05-24 Hesston Corp., Hesston, Kan. Verfahren und vorrichtung zur feststellung von metallischen fremdkoerpern im erntegutstrom einer erntemaschine
US4494657A (en) * 1982-12-17 1985-01-22 Jerry Oldenkamp Integral housing member for removing magnetic articles from a flow of loosely packed material and method
DE8305522U1 (de) * 1983-02-26 1983-08-11 Institut Dr. Friedrich Förster Prüfgerätebau GmbH & Co KG, 7410 Reutlingen Kalibriernormal
CS239075B1 (en) * 1984-04-10 1985-12-16 Karel Stastny Metallic admixtures indication device in material
US4742339A (en) * 1986-09-10 1988-05-03 Nelson Baziuk Cutlery detector and alarm
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1748003A1 (de) * 2005-07-26 2007-01-31 Maier & Fabris GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Untersuchung von Müll nach Metallbestandteilen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2083284T3 (es) 1996-04-01
WO1993019999A1 (de) 1993-10-14
JP3232414B2 (ja) 2001-11-26
DE4211545C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1993-08-05
EP0633862A1 (de) 1995-01-18
ATE132831T1 (de) 1996-01-15
DK0633862T3 (da) 1996-05-20
DE59301419D1 (de) 1996-02-22
JPH07505352A (ja) 1995-06-15
AU3890493A (en) 1993-11-08
US5610516A (en) 1997-03-11

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