EP0633398B1 - Pompe à injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Pompe à injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0633398B1
EP0633398B1 EP94105647A EP94105647A EP0633398B1 EP 0633398 B1 EP0633398 B1 EP 0633398B1 EP 94105647 A EP94105647 A EP 94105647A EP 94105647 A EP94105647 A EP 94105647A EP 0633398 B1 EP0633398 B1 EP 0633398B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
space
pump
fuel injection
injection pump
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94105647A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0633398A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Ing. Fehlmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0633398A1 publication Critical patent/EP0633398A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0633398B1 publication Critical patent/EP0633398B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M41/00—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor
    • F02M41/08—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined
    • F02M41/14—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined rotary distributor supporting pump pistons
    • F02M41/1405—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined rotary distributor supporting pump pistons pistons being disposed radially with respect to rotation axis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection pump according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a fuel injection pump has become known, for example, from DE-OS 39 28 612.
  • the fuel accumulator is designed as a diaphragm accumulator and represents a component flanged to the side of the injection pump housing. This component increases the installation dimensions of the injection pump and has a disruptive effect if the fuel accumulator is large.
  • a small fuel reservoir has the disadvantage that the pressure in the intake space drops too much during the intake stroke, which in turn interferes with the function. Apart from this, flanging the fuel reservoir results in additional sealing surfaces to the outside, which in turn increases the risk of fuel leakage on the surface of the injection pump.
  • the known pump has a pump piston which also serves as a distributor and which is driven back and forth by the cam drive and at the same time rotates.
  • the Pump and distributor piston with its end protruding into the suction chamber held by a spring together with a cam disc in contact with a roller ring, whereby the volume of the cam chamber changes periodically due to the movement of the pump piston, combined with periodic brief pressure changes that are used during the suction stroke are to improve the filling process of the pump work space by deflecting the movable wall designed as a membrane under the pressure pulses on the cam space side.
  • the pressures in the suction chamber and in the cam chamber should be approximately the same.
  • the fuel injection pump according to the invention with the features of the characterizing part of claim 1 has the advantage that a return of the pump piston or pistons by means of springs can be dispensed with, in addition the suction space can be kept relatively small, since the shock-like loading of the suction space by the provided by the movable wall at the end of the injection-effective delivery stroke into the suction chamber, the fuel previously brought to the injection pressure is reduced insofar as the movable wall yields to the pressure surge against the lower-pressure engine compartment and absorbs the outflow quantity.
  • the filling process is positively supported by the simultaneous volume change in the suction and engine room.
  • the invention thus enables the fuel accumulator to be larger than known externally arranged accumulators without having to accept unfavorable external dimensions of the fuel injection pump.
  • existing components are used as a fuel accumulator and since the fuel accumulator according to the invention does not have to be flanged to the outside of the fuel injection pump, additional sealing points, which can become leaky, are eliminated.
  • the cavity used as a fuel reservoir is limited by a housing that at least partially surrounds the pump cylinder or cylinders.
  • the plungers that actuate the pump piston or the pump pistons are usually held against the cam by springs.
  • spring elements can be dispensed with, the system of the tappets being secured hydraulically to the cam.
  • the pressure in the suction chamber must therefore also be kept high during the intake stroke and this is made possible by the large-scale fuel accumulator created by the invention.
  • the wall separating the engine compartment from the component comprising the pump cylinder or pumps, or a part thereof is preferably formed by a deformable membrane.
  • the connection of the engine room to the component or the pump cylinder has anyway a seal and this seal can also be used to fix the membrane.
  • the arrangement can, however, also be made according to the invention in such a way that the wall separating the engine compartment from the component having the pump cylinder (s) or part thereof is formed by a displaceable piston which is tightly guided in the component (s) and / or in the engine compartment is. Since such a piston lies within the pump housing, there is no fear of fuel leakage from the housing of the injection pump in this case either.
  • FIG. 1 shows an arrangement in which the pressure-sensitive element separating the engine compartment from the component comprising the pump cylinder (s) is formed by a membrane, in axial cross section.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show two modified embodiments, in axial section, only one half being shown.
  • a fuel injection pump is shown schematically with a housing 1 and an engine room 2.
  • a cylinder liner 3 is used, in which a distributor 4, which is driven in rotation by a drive shaft 5, is guided.
  • Pump pistons 6 are guided in pump cylinders 4 radially introduced into the distributor, between which a pump working space 9 is enclosed. This is connected via an axial channel 10 in the distributor 4 and via a branch bore 42 branching therefrom, the outlet of which from the distributor serves as a distributor opening, during the rotation of the distributor one after the other during pumping movements of the pump pistons 6 with one of a plurality of injection lines 14, which in the Housing 1 of the fuel injection pump run and lead to the individual injection points of the associated internal combustion engine.
  • the pump pistons 6 are driven to their pumping movement via roller tappets 15 with rollers 16, which run on a radially inwardly directed cam track 17 of a cam ring during the rotation of the distributor.
  • the cam ring is essentially stationary and can be adjusted for the start of injection adjustment by means of a pin 19 which is engaged by an injection adjustment piston.
  • the axial channel 10 opens at the end of the distributor into a fuel chamber, which is connected via a line 11 to a suction chamber 12 in the housing of the fuel injection pump.
  • the opening of the axial channel 10 in this space is controlled by a solenoid valve 13, such that when the solenoid valve is open, the pump piston 6 of the pump working chamber 12 can be supplied with fuel during the suction stroke.
  • the solenoid valve is closed and thus determines the start of injection and also the duration over which fuel is delivered under high pressure during the delivery stroke of the pump piston.
  • the start of injection and the injection quantity are varied using a single solenoid valve.
  • a pre-pump 20 sucks fuel from a fuel reservoir 22 via a line 21 and conveys it via lines 23 and 24 into the suction chamber 12.
  • a branch line 25 branches off from the line 23, via which fuel into an engine room 2 the fuel injection pump is promoted. This engine room 2 is relieved to the fuel tank via a pressure control valve 29, which controls the pressure in the engine room.
  • a decoupling throttle 26 is inserted in line 25 in order to ensure that a pressure in engine room 2 can be set with pressure-maintaining valve 29 that is lower than that in suction chamber 12.
  • the suction chamber 12 is separated from the engine room 2 by a movable wall, which is formed here by a membrane 27.
  • the suction chamber is annular and is delimited on the circumferential side by the cylinder liner 3 and the cylindrical housing wall 28 and axially by the membrane 27 on the one hand and the pump housing on the other.
  • the membrane 27 is annular and lies close to the cylindrical housing wall 28 on one side and on the cylindrical peripheral wall of the cylinder liner 3 projecting into the suction space 12 on the other side.
  • the cylindrical housing wall 28 and the circumferential wall of the cylinder liner 3 form an annular space which is coaxial with the axis of the distributor piston 4, at least in the area of the membrane 27.
  • This configuration makes it possible to dispense with the fact that the pistons are supported by springs via the roller tappets 15 with rollers 16 during their suction stroke are held on the cam track 17.
  • the solenoid valve 13 is opened and the fuel, which is kept at a higher pressure, passes from the suction chamber 12 into the pump work chamber 9.
  • the lower engine chamber pressure acts, so that the pistons are moved outwards by the pressure difference until they come into contact with the roller tappets on the cam track.
  • the membrane 27 can be elastic to the engine room 2 evade and thus facilitate the rapid pressure reduction in the pump work space 9.
  • the engine room 2 can also be filled with lubricant, for example engine oil.
  • lubricant for example engine oil.
  • the line 25 and the throttle 26 are omitted and a separate device for the supply of engine oil, for example from the internal combustion engine, must be provided in the engine compartment 2 under appropriate pressure.
  • a support body 29 is provided which is connected to the cylinder liner 3 and the cylindrical one Housing wall 28 is tightly connected.
  • the support body 29 has circumferential grooves 30, in which a sealing ring 31 is inserted.
  • the support body On its end facing the suction chamber 12, the support body has an outer annular groove 32 and an inner annular groove 33, in which sealing rings 34 and 35 are inserted.
  • the support body is supported under the action of the differential pressure acting on the membrane 36 against a stop 44 on the cylindrical outer wall of the cylinder liner 3.
  • the movable wall which separates the suction chamber 12 from the engine room 2 is formed by a piston 37.
  • This has on its outer and inner circumference annular grooves 38 and 39, in which sealing rings 40 and 41 are arranged.
  • the piston 37 which is axially displaceable, is guided close to the cylindrical wall 28 and to the cylinder liner 3.
  • the piston is initially held by the greater pressure in the suction chamber 12 against a stop 45 which limits its path to the engine room.
  • the stop can be provided on the cylindrical housing wall, for example as a snap ring, or on the cylindrical outer wall of the cylinder liner 3.
  • the piston can move back and forth axially slightly when pressure changes occur in the adjacent rooms 2 and 12 due to the actuation and filling processes of the pump work space.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Pompe d'injection de carburant notamment pompe distributrice de carburant pour des moteurs à combustion interne, comprenant au moins un piston de pompe (6) guidé dans un cylindre de pompe (7), ce piston délimitant d'un côté une chambre active de pompe (9) et de l'autre côté il coopère avec un entraînement à cames logé dans une chambre de mécanisme d'entraînement (2) alimenté par un liquide lubrifiant, pour effectuer des courses de pompage et d'aspiration, une paroi mobile (27) définissant une chambre d'aspiration (12) alimentée par la source de carburant et qui est remplie en carburant, à l'intérieur de la pompe d'injection de carburant, en séparant cette chambre de la chambre du mécanisme d'entraînement (2), chambre d'aspiration (12) à partir de laquelle du carburant est fourni à la chambre active (9) de la pompe lors de la course d'aspiration du piston de pompe (6), et dans cette chambre, commandée par une électrovanne (13), équipant un canal de décharge (16) de la chambre active de pompe (9), le carburant résiduel transféré par le piston de pompe (6), se décharge à partir de la fin de la course de transfert active d'injection, commandée,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le cylindre de pompe (7) est monté avec son axe dans un plan radial (8) d'un distributeur (4) entraîné en rotation, et qui est guidé dans une douille de cylindre (3) logée dans le boîtier de la pompe d'injection de carburant, et dans le plan radial (8) dans lequel se trouve le cylindre de pompe (7) avec son axe, il y a une bague à came (18) entourant le distributeur (4), un chemin de cames (17) avec des pistons de pompe (6) sortant du cylindre de pompe (7), et entre ce chemin de pompe et le piston de pompe il est prévu un poussoir de pompe (15) et la pression du carburant dans la chambre d'aspiration (12) est toujours supérieure pendant le fonctionnement de la pompe d'injection de carburant à la pression du liquide dans la chambre du mécanisme d'entraînement (2) pour que le piston de pompe suive le chemin de cames (17) sous l'effet de la différence de pression régnant entre la chambre d'aspiration et celle dans la chambre du mécanisme d'entraînement.
  2. Pompe d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la paroi mobile (27, 36, 37) se compose d'une partie annulaire prévue dans une chambre annulaire cylindrique coaxiale à l'axe du distributeur (4), et qui fait au moins partie de la chambre d'aspiration (12) et de la chambre du mécanisme d'entraînement (2).
  3. Pompe d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la chambre annulaire est formée par la paroi extérieure de la douille cylindrique (3) et la paroi intérieure cylindrique circulaire du boîtier (1) de la pompe d'injection de carburant qui loge le mécanisme d'entraînement.
  4. Pompe d'injection de carburant selon les revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la paroi mobile est une paroi (27, 36) déformable élastiquement.
  5. Pompe d'injection de carburant selon les revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la paroi mobile est une partie de piston (37) coulissant le long de la paroi cylindrique de la chambre annulaire.
  6. Pompe d'injection de carburant selon les revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la paroi mobile s'appuie contre un organe d'appui (29) guidé entre les parois cylindriques de la chambre annulaire.
  7. Pompe d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'organe d'appui (29) comporte deux rainures annulaires (32, 38) frontales tournées vers la chambre d'aspiration et recevant des joints d'étanchéité contre lesquels s'appuie la paroi (36) déformable élastiquement, sous l'effet de la différence de pression entre la pression régnant dans la chambre d'aspiration (12) et celle régnant dans la chambre (2) du mécanisme d'entraînement.
  8. Pompe d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la paroi mobile (37) comporte des rainures annulaires (38, 39) tournées vers les parois de la chambre annulaire, ces rainures recevant chacune un joint d'étanchéité (40, 41).
  9. Pompe d'injection de carburant selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la paroi mobile est maintenue du côté de la chambre à cames, au moins en appui contre au moins l'une des parois cylindriques de la chambre annulaire par la différence de pression entre la pression dans la chambre d'aspiration (12) et celle dans la chambre à cames (2).
  10. Pompe d'injection de carburant selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la chambre du mécanisme d'entraînement (2) est remplie de carburant.
  11. Pompe d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la chambre du mécanisme d'entraînement (2) est remplie avec de l'huile de graissage.
EP94105647A 1993-05-11 1994-04-13 Pompe à injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0633398B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4315646A DE4315646A1 (de) 1993-05-11 1993-05-11 Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE4315646 1993-05-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0633398A1 EP0633398A1 (fr) 1995-01-11
EP0633398B1 true EP0633398B1 (fr) 1997-07-09

Family

ID=6487773

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94105647A Expired - Lifetime EP0633398B1 (fr) 1993-05-11 1994-04-13 Pompe à injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5383436A (fr)
EP (1) EP0633398B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH06330831A (fr)
DE (2) DE4315646A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07269439A (ja) * 1994-03-31 1995-10-17 Zexel Corp 分配型燃料噴射ポンプ
DE19531811A1 (de) * 1995-08-30 1997-03-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe
US5887569A (en) * 1997-07-17 1999-03-30 Pacer Industries, Inc. Centrifugal fuel distributor
DE19953576C2 (de) * 1999-11-08 2003-06-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Lagerbuchse
DE10060813A1 (de) * 2000-12-07 2002-06-20 Bosch Gmbh Robert Oberflächenstrukturierter Gleitkörper
US9897056B1 (en) 2016-11-22 2018-02-20 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Protective cover assembly for a fuel pump

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2165220A5 (fr) * 1971-12-22 1973-08-03 Roto Diesel Sa
GB2053372B (en) * 1979-07-06 1983-03-02 Lucas Industries Ltd Liquid fuel pumping apparatus
DE3011831A1 (de) * 1980-03-27 1981-10-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe fuer brennkraftmaschinen
US4453896A (en) * 1980-12-17 1984-06-12 The Bendix Corporation Distributor pump with floating piston single control valve
US4357925A (en) * 1980-12-17 1982-11-09 The Bendix Corporation Distributor injection pump for diesel engines
GB8410280D0 (en) * 1984-04-19 1984-05-31 Lumber P M P Rotary distributor pump
DE3419828A1 (de) * 1984-05-26 1985-11-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe
GB8417860D0 (en) * 1984-07-13 1984-08-15 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel injection pumping apparatus
GB8417861D0 (en) * 1984-07-13 1984-08-15 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel pumping apparatus
DE3719831A1 (de) * 1987-06-13 1988-12-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe
US4915592A (en) * 1987-08-10 1990-04-10 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Inner-cam type distribution fuel injection pump
GB8724795D0 (en) * 1987-10-22 1987-11-25 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel injection pump
DE3928613A1 (de) * 1989-08-30 1991-03-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert Elektromagnetisches schaltventil
DE3928612A1 (de) * 1989-08-30 1991-03-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffverteilereinspritzpumpe fuer brennkraftmaschinen
US5215060A (en) * 1991-07-16 1993-06-01 Stanadyne Automotive Corp. Fuel system for rotary distributor fuel injection pump
US5265576A (en) * 1993-01-08 1993-11-30 Stanadyne Automotive Corp. Calibration system for electrically controlled fuel injection pump

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0633398A1 (fr) 1995-01-11
JPH06330831A (ja) 1994-11-29
DE4315646A1 (de) 1994-11-17
US5383436A (en) 1995-01-24
DE59403283D1 (de) 1997-08-14

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