Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
  • G07F11/00—Coin-freed apparatus for dispensing, or the like, discrete articles
  • G07F11/02—Coin-freed apparatus for dispensing, or the like, discrete articles from non-movable magazines
  • G07F11/04—Coin-freed apparatus for dispensing, or the like, discrete articles from non-movable magazines in which magazines the articles are stored one vertically above the other
  • G07F11/045—Coin-freed apparatus for dispensing, or the like, discrete articles from non-movable magazines in which magazines the articles are stored one vertically above the other for sheet shaped or pliable articles

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an automatic distributor of newspapers or magazines ⁇ multiple choice.
• Newspaper distribution is generally carried out through four separate channels.
• this is home delivery, according to which a courier deposits each morning, in the mailbox of each subscriber's house, the daily object
• the second concerns the postal distribution made by the administrative services and the employees of the post office.
• the third covers the entire commercial distribution through points of sale, whether kiosks in public places: stations, squares, squares ... or whether they are shops, boutiques or specialized departments in the press: bookshops, press houses, specialized departments of hypermarkets ...
• the fourth way concerns the automatic distribution of newspapers and magazines.
• a vending machine is in the general form of a cabinet capable of automatically delivering to a receptacle a copy of the newspaper that a buyer has selected and paid for in a payment device incorporated in the vending machine.
• the different newspapers are stored by title in stacks on shelves inside the machine.
• An exhaust assembly rests on each stack. It allows pushing the logs from the stack one after the other, accompanying the top log which slides out of the stack by leaning on the log below without driving the following logs, and directing the log to a hopper vertical followed by a chimney corridor guiding it to a receptacle accessible to the applicant.
• Figures 1 and 2 are elevational views of two variants of the facade relating to the automatic distributor of newspapers according to the invention; .
• Figure 3 is a simplified overall perspective view of the open door vending machine according to one of its variants; .
• Figure 4 is an elevational view of the newspaper vending machine, shelves on the right removed; .
• Figure 5 is a side view of the newspaper vending machine with horizontal receptacle; .
• Figures 6 and 7 are detail views in cross section of the newspaper outlet valve specific to a column respectively when passing a newspaper from the upper shelves and the adjacent shelf; .
• Figure 8 is a side view of the vending machine, with vertical receptacle; .
• Figure 9 is a plan view of the vending machine at the fixed shelves;
• Figure 10 is a perspective view of a fixed shelf and its set of adjustable cheeks; .
• Figure 11 is a partial horizontal section of Figure 10 at the microswitch; .
• Figure 12 is a perspective view of a movable shelf; .
• Figure 13 is a partial sectional view showing the front of two cylinders and the deflectors; .
• FIG. 14 is a front view of a jack fitted with fall deflectors;
• FIG 15 is an overall perspective view of the discharge member according to the invention.
• FIG. 16 is a mixed view in section and in perspective of the horizontal electromechanical cylinder used for driving-evacuating the newspaper;
• Figure 17 is a longitudinal sectional view of the electromechanical cylinder used;
• Figure 18 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the drive shoes; .
• Figure 19 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the drive shoes; .
• FIG. 20 is a side view of the drive shoe according to the second embodiment; .
• Figure 21 is a rear elevational view corresponding to the skate of Figure 17; .
• Figures 22 to 28 illustrate, in the form of a series of diagrams corresponding to sectional views, the work of one of the drive pads fitted to the evacuation assembly according to the invention, in accordance with the sequence following: - Figure 22: multiple view of the skates in the rest position and about halfway through;
• the present invention relates to a newspaper vending machine using a plurality of functional units called sets or evacuation organs, a copy of which will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS. 15 to 28.
• the evacuation assembly in general, shown in FIG. 15, has the essential function of coming into grip contact with a first newspaper 1 of a stack 2 of newspapers, for example by gripping it, then slide over the immediately lower newspaper 3 to a transverse edge 4 of the stack, without creasing or damaging it, and without causing the following newspapers. It then forces it into angular deviation by accompanying it in its rounded curvature from the edge 4 of the stack 2 to pass over it before releasing it for its fall against and along a deflector 5 towards and up to a receptacle. The evacuation assembly then returns to the initial position.
• the essential means shown in FIG. 15 show an electromechanical cylinder 6 arranged horizontally and fixed from the rear on a cylinder 7 slide carrier capable of moving vertically along two vertical slides not shown in FIG. 15.
• the cylinder 6 is preferably of the type élec ⁇ tromécanique, for example as' described below.
• the tubular cylindrical hollow body 8 containing a central screw 9 arranged longitudinally and bearing on two end bearings. It drives a motor element in the form of a motor nut 10 of suitable shape and dimensions to move inside the tubular body 8.
• the motor nut 10 has two lateral outlets on each of which is fixed an axis transverse 11 or 12 pad holder extending perpendicular cularily through two slots 13 and 14 or longitudinal lateral slots that the body 8 comprises to allow the travel of the nut-motor 10 equipped with its axes.
• the tubular body 8 has at its end, before a longitudinal opening or recess ent downwards in the form of a notch 15 used, as will be seen below, for the release of the end of the newspaper.
• the central screw 9 is coupled by any means suitable for an electric motor 16 by its output shaft 17 preferably placed inside the body 8 and at its rear end.
• the central screw 9 and motor 16 assembly makes it possible to drive the nut-motor 10 in a horizontal back-and-forth movement between two limit switches or proximity switches 18 and 19 fixed, on the one hand on a plug-bearing 20 at the end of the body, and on the other hand on a coupling ring 21 on the side of the electric motor 16.
• the central screw 9 carries at its ends on the plug-bearing 20 of a part, and on the coupling ring 21 on the other hand.
• the bearing plug 20 and the coupling ring 21 are made of self-lubricating material, and each provided on their front with an O-ring 22 or 23 acting as a shock absorber.
• the coupling can also be carried out simply by a socket which joins the adjacent end of the central screw 9 and the output shaft 17 of the motor 16. In this case, the coupling ring 21 only plays a role of maintenance of the damper O-ring 22 or 23.
• Each axis 11 or 12 pad holder carries, with free pivoting, at its end a pad 24 or 25 movable.
• each shoe 24 or 25 has a general parallelepiped shape with a rectangular trapezoid profile.
• the front face 26 is flat while the rear part is bevel shaped, providing it a nose shape 27 placed in the upper part and directed towards the rear of the stack 2 of newspapers.
• Each skate has on the underside a main support base 28, planar and substantially rectangular, and a rolling base 29 also planar and substantially rectangular.
• This rolling base is inclined upwards in continuation of the main base. when the skate rests on a surface by its support base. It constitutes the rear front of the skate body.
• Each skate has rolling means at each end of its rolling surface 29.
• each shoe 24 or 25 has on its rear front a slot 30 crossed by an axis of rotation 31 for the passage and mounting of a rear roller 32, and in the lower part of the shoe a middle roller 33 mounted for rotation running on a tilting axis 34 parallel to the shoe holder axis 11 or 12 transverse to the shoe body and offset longitudinally from the shoe holder axis by a distance "D".
• Each shoe 24 or 25 has four gripping or gripping elements such as 35, for example two front claws such as 36 and two rear claws such as 37, in the form of oblique needles directed towards the front of the shoe each mounted in an oblique groove such as 38 that each of the side faces of the body of each shoe has.
• the front and rear hands will have the same references 36 and 37. They are immobilized in these grooves at a predetermined length beyond the plane of the bearing face by a preferably adjustable locking means, that is to say allowing to modify the protruding length.
• This locking means is, in the embodiment shown in the figures, constituted by a screw and a support washer 39 forcing and laterally wedging the needle at the bottom of the groove.
• the direction of the grooves 38 is tilted forward so as to provide the needles with an effective grip for log training.
• the washers 39 slightly protrude from the support base 28, so that the general support of the pad on the log is effected by means of these washers.
• the evacuation assembly also comprises at the rear of the body of the jack a press block 40, for example flat and rectangular, freely mounted at the rear of the body of the jack and maintained in the lateral position.
• the press block 40 carries, on the one hand on its upper part a bridge of abutment-twinning 41, and on the other hand on its lower part two lateral support rollers such as 42, whose axes of rotation are perpendicular to the cylinder body and placed so that the rear of the evacuation assembly rests on the stack of newspapers by these support rollers 42 and keeps it pressed locally for its end retention for the duration of drive-out of upper log.
• rollers of the press block also allow the rear of the newspaper to escape properly.
• the abutment-twinning bridge 41 is produced for example in the form of a U-shaped bracket 43, the two ends 44 and 45 of which are lowered at right angles according to bearing and abutment surfaces whose spacing is substantially equal to the distance between the two pads. Its role is to simultaneously prevent the two pads 24 and 25 from tilting down when the cylinder body is raised.
• FIG. 19 A slightly different version of the training shoe is shown in FIG. 19. It is a training shoe which could equip the discharge assemblies intended for thicker, therefore heavier newspapers, or for bundles formed of several fascicles.
• These pads have a different rear conformation equipped with a pusher device 46 accompanying the newspaper or magazine by pushing it on its rear transverse edge.
• This pusher device must disappear or at least slide or roll on the immediately lower log 3 during the return movement.
• the pusher device shown comprises a pendulum finger 47 pivotally mounted on a part with a longitudinal axis 48 perpendicular to the rear face of the body of the skate.
• This axis part is held longitudinally by any means, for example by the rotation-rolling axis of the rear roller, which will preferably be produced, according to this variant, in the form of two separate rollers 49 ⁇ and 50 mounted at l rear on the lateral surface of the body, on either side of the piece of axis 48.
• the withdrawal is carried out by rolling on the immediately lower log 3.
• the end of the pendulum finger is provided with a head in the form of a semi-spherical roller 51 of a mass sufficient to constitute an effective recall by the force of gravity alone.
• 1'incis slide carrier cylinder and vertical slides is replaced by another vertical guide means, for example a system with ball socket (s) moving along one or two column (s).
• a system with ball socket (s) moving along one or two column (s) moving along one or two column (s).
• the slight movement of the actuator body around its horizontal position is eliminated, and the notch provided on the underside of the body can be extended to the other end of the body, thus reducing the assembly of evacuation.
• the evacuation assembly is controlled by any appropriate circuit or automaton.
• the vending machine is in the general form of a cabinet with two leaves 52 and 53 and pivoting on side hinges ( Figures 1, 2 and 3).
• the body of the vending machine preferably comprises, but is not limited to, two columns of shelves, adjustable in height, a left column 54 and a right column 55.
• Each shelf 56 of the same column is in the form of a lower support plate 57, for example made of sheet metal, the left edges 58 ' and right 59 of which are folded and raised, these edges having each at least one fixing hole 60.
• each shelf 56 can be fixed on each side by at least one bolt or equivalent, on two vertical uprights 61, 62 equipped with a plurality of height adjustment holes.
• the uprights are fixed or welded by their ends respectively to the base and the top of the body of the vending machine.
• Each shelf is designed to receive a stack 2 formed of a plurality of overlapping sheets, bundles, or booklets, already called newspapers 1, and is equipped with lateral stops 63, 64 and rear stops 65 and 66 adjustable and adaptable to the dimensions of stack 2 and / or log formats.
• the two leaves of the vending machine according to the invention pivot on side hinges 67 made non-removable when the leaves are closed.
• the shutters are locked in place by a three-point lock 68 which controls two steel rods 69 which fit into the top and bottom of the cabinet body respectively, and a steel blade which fits into the middle of the one of the leaves in the middle of the other leaf, the latter having an inner rebate preventing any opening.
• an automaton of the type shown in the figures can be constructed, with eight choices of newspaper titles, comprising two columns each of four shelves, including three fixed upper shelves and a movable lower shelf.
• each column is composed of two profiled uprights 61, 62 made of sheet metal folded in the shape of a U, one of the wings of which is extended by a lateral extension 70 or 71 outside and parallel to the base of the U (FIG. 9).
• each fixed shelf 56 can be immobilized laterally by a bolt or equivalent on the vertical uprights, at variable height, thanks to the adjustment holes, depending on the size of the stack.
• Each fixed shelf 56 is designed to receive a stack 2 of newspapers 1 and equipped with lateral stops 63, 64 and rear stops 65, 66 adjustable and adaptable to the dimensions of the stack, or to the formats of newspapers.
• the lateral stops 63, 64 are in the form of two sheet metal cheeks 72 and 73, folded in the shape of an L, facing one another (FIG. 10).
• the two horizontal returns 74 and 75 of the cheeks are applied to the lower support plate 57 and held by a counter plate 76 so that the spacing of the cheeks 72 and 73 corresponds substantially to the width of the stack of newspapers, the assembly being locked in position for example by butterfly nut bolts ( Figure 10).
• the rear stops 65 and 66 are produced by vertical angles fitted at least in part to the rear vertical inner edge of each of the cheeks, and are adjustable to the depth of the stack of newspapers by means of a set 77 or 78 with horizontal light and nut provided respectively on each of the cheeks and its corresponding angle.
• the two horizontal returns 74 and 75 of the cheeks are cut in the form for example of teeth such as 81 arranged in staggered rows (FIG.
• a graduated scale 82 is provided on the front of the plate 57 of the shelf in order to facilitate the width adjustment of the cheeks 72 and 73.
• the height of the lateral stops 63, 64 is adjustable by adding flanges 83 and 84 made of sheet metal comprising lights. These flanges are fixed to the cheeks, for example by sets such as 85, each composed of a welded stud receiving a washer and a wing nut.
• the angles of the rear vertical stops 65 and 66 are then replaced by telescopic stops 86, 87 in U-shaped iron each sliding in a square tube, these square tubes coming to be fixed behind the cheeks thanks to the assemblies 77, 78.
• Each row has in the lower part a movable lower shelf 88, for example in accordance with that shown in FIG. 12.
• Each of the movable shelves is constructed of folded sheet metal identical to the fixed shelves.
• Two rear guides for example in the form of rods such as 94, have their ends respectively passing through the clamping counter-plate 93 of the immediately upper fixed shelf 56 and the counter-plate 76 of the mobile shelf 88 through lower parallel longitudinal slots 96, 97 and upper 98, 99. These rear guides are held in place by a movable heel-bar of position 100 along the lower runners.
• the mobile shelf 88 comprises, between its plate 57 and its counter plate 76, a thickness plate 101 also having teeth such as 81 allowing it to remain fixed by the counter plate 76 in the case of large formats. .
• the mobile shelf 88 is mounted on the uprights 61, 62 by means of sockets 102, 103, for example of square section, which each come in an upright 61, 62 of a column.
• Two vertical return springs 104, 105 are hooked on the one hand to the sockets 102, 103 and on the other hand to the uprights 61, 62 by any appropriate means ( Figure 12).
• the mobile sockets 102, 103 slide vertically along the U-shaped profiles of the uprights 61, 62 under the action of the springs 104, 105.
• the loading of the fixed shelves 56 or mobile 88, as well as the lowering system of the mobile shelves will be described later.
• the opening front face is made up of the right leaf 52 and the left leaf 53 and corresponding storm doors 106, 107 pivoting relative to each leaf from door 108.
• Each storm door 106, 107 has an exposure face 109, 110 (FIGS. 1 and 2) with frames such as 111, 112 separated by crosspieces such as 113, 114. Behind the face of each storm door a copy of each available newspaper is hung or maintained by any suitable means, for example by horizontal spacers, according to a variant not shown.
• Each door 106, 107 is formed by receiving compartments such as 115 and 116 delimited by two lateral and vertical rails 117, 118 and 119, 120 joined by transverse oblique planes such as 121, 122.
• Each oblique plane 121, 122 is placed substantially at the level of a fixed shelf 56 of the vending machine, so that the smooth assembly, storm door and oblique plane forms a guide hopper then a chimney leading each newspaper discharged from a stack 2 to an exit slot or a receptacle 123, 124 of any suitable shape.
• an appropriate means of holding each door against each leaf is provided. According to the variant shown in the figures
• each guiding-damping deflector 125 is pivotally mounted around a horizontal axis 128 provided at the front of each fixed shelf 56 (FIG. 5) and secured to a damping means, 129 with elastic return.
• This damping-return means can be composed for example without limitation of a lever 130 integral with the deflector, the end of which stretches a return-damping spring fixed on one of the beams when the deflector pivots downwards.
• the pivot axis 128 of the deflector can be fixed on the shelves or on the rails.
• a deflector guide-damping 125 When a newspaper or an article falls on a deflector guide-damping 125, the latter pivots down by absorbing the fall of the newspaper, then directs it towards the door. This cushioning prevents it from being opened under an umbrella.
• Figure 8 illustrates well the work sequences of this deflector during the descent of the log.
• the deflector guide-damping fixed in front of the lowest fixed shelf, directs the newspaper to an exit slot 131. If the newspaper comes from the stack placed on the movable shelf, it is directed towards the same slot 131 by an inclined plane 132 installed opposite the bottom part of the outlet slot 131 and the top part of the stack.
• the outlet slot 131 rectangular and horizontal, is closed by a protective flap 133 which may have on its internal face a small slowing flap 134 whose weight is sufficient to slow the output of the newspaper.
• Two log output indicator micro-contacts can be provided respectively for a newspaper coming from a fixed shelf and for a newspaper coming from a mobile shelf.
• each shelf is equipped with an evacuation assembly described above based on the upper newspaper of the stack of newspapers placed on the shelf.
• each evacuation assembly The main function of each evacuation assembly is to enter into gripping contact with a first newspaper 1 of a stack 2 of newspapers, to enter into gripping contact with it for example by gripping it, then sliding it on the lower newspaper to the edge of the stack, without creasing or damaging it, and without causing the following newspapers. It then forces it in angular deviation by accompanying it in its rounded curvature of the transverse edge 4 of the stack 2 before releasing it for its falling movement to a receptacle. The evacuation assembly then returns to the initial position.
• the discharge deflector 136 shown by way of example is a folded sheet inclined downwards, it is carried by a movable cross member 137 positioned at a fixed distance below the nose of the jack so as to always be placed in front of the second stack log.
• This movable cross member 137 is itself carried by two vertical tie rods 138 and 139- ( Figures 13 and 14) fixed at the two ends of a support cross member 140 welded to the front of the jack.
• the movable cross member 137 is for example a folded sheet, or an aluminum profile, the rear face of which acts as a stop for the second stack log and the following ones, thus preventing the stack from collapsing, it plays the role of a battery holding deflector.
• the discharge deflector 136 may extend over the entire length of the movable cross member or only over a part of it.
• FIG. 13 shows that when two successive cylinders are in extreme positions, there is no possible collision between the deflectors 127, 136 or between deflectors 136 and cylinders 6.
• vending machine also carries a means for vertically moving each evacuation assembly relative to its corresponding shelf, or vice versa.
• the two lower evacuation assemblies located at the exit slots are fixed and the corresponding lower shelves mobile, the situation being reversed in other cases.
• the vertical displacement means is for example manual.
• it consists of deflection pulleys appropriately attached to the body of the cabinet, and of a cable, one end of which is integral with the slide 7 of the evacuation assembly, or the movable low shelf, the other end being able to be hooked to maintain either the sliders 7 in the maximum high position, or the shelves in the maximum low position.
• the movable slides 7 return alone to their low positions under the effect of the weight of the evacuation assembly while, for the return of the mobile shelves to the high position, an appropriate return means must be provided, for example a mechanical system simple spring loaded.
• One of the leaves for example the left wing, is substantially wider than the other, so as to have a free surface for mounting a selection-payment module 141.
• the selection-payment module comprises:
• a plate 142 carrying as many selection push-buttons 143 as there are shelves; . an indicator light 144 associated with each button 143 to indicate the exhaustion of a stack of newspapers; . a coin changer 145 with a slot 146 for inserting coins and a receptacle 147 for returning coins; . a slot 148 for introducing a card for payment by bank card.
• the electromechanical cylinder 6 fixed vertically to the bottom of the cabinet is the driving element of the evacuation assembly.
• the maneuver is controlled by selection pushbuttons such as 143 placed on the plate of the coin mechanism 141 fixed on one of the leaves of the automatic machine.
• FIG. 4 For the description * of the lifting-lowering assemblies of the movable lower shelves.
• Two lifting-lowering cables 149, 150 are used to transmit the tensile force necessary for lifting the upper evacuation assemblies and lowering the lower mobile shelves 88.
• Upper pulleys 151, intermediate 152, middle 153 and upper side 154 make the necessary referrals.
• the cable 149, 150 passes freely through vertical holes 155 (FIG. 15) provided in the mobile slides 7. Under each slide 7, at a distance equal to the height of the stack of newspapers admissible on the shelf, a steel nut 156 is fixed on the ends of each of the lifting cables 149 and 150. Each of the lifting cables passes:. in the holes 155 of the slides 7,
• the choice of newspaper is made by one of the push buttons 143 or keys located on the door,.
• the information is given to the coin acceptor who orders the display of prices,. after payment, the information is transmitted to the electronic card which authorizes the supply of the electric motor 16 of the evacuation assembly of the selected newspaper,
• the rear limit switch 19 causes the power supply to the engine to be cut off and informs the electronic card of the return of the pads.
• the evacuation assembly is first lifted manually or automatically by sliding or rolling movement of the slide 7 along the slides or columns, then immobilized and blocked by any suitable means in a high horizontal position of the actuator body. so that you can fill the space for this purpose with newspapers.
• the two pads 24 and 25 are kept horizontal thanks to the abutment ends of the folded wings of the abutment bridge-twinning 42, and the assembly gives off sufficient space for the stack 2 of newspapers to be formed. in its support.
• the evacuation assembly is then lowered and placed on the first newspaper of the stack, it rests there by the two rollers of its press-block support 40 and by the front claws 36 and rear 37. Any adjustments depending on the type of logs can be made at this stage.
• the drive shoe rests on its support base 28 according to the half-way position shown in FIG. 22 and up to the phase of approaching the edge 4 of the stack shown in FIG. 23.
• the drive tracks 24 and 25 continue their movement of driving the newspaper which slides on the lower newspaper 3 used as sliding support until the front needles 36 exceed the edge 4 of the stack 2 (FIG. 1-). Then the front of the drive pads begin to tilt down, accompanying the log in the rounding curve of edge 4 of the stack ( Figures 24 and 25). The two front needles 36 emerge, thanks to their inclination, from the newspaper which is still maintained by the two rear needles 37 ( Figures 26 and 27).
• the shoe-holding axes 11 and 12 continue their movement to an end-of-travel position shown in FIG. 13. In this position, the shoes are completely in front of the edge of the stack and rotate almost vertically around their axes which are free from a length of the order of a few centimeters, relative to the upper front edge of the stack.
• the rear claws 37 due to their inclination, also emerge from the newspaper which is released over a deflector towards a receptacle, or from an equivalent means of recovery for delivery.
• the limit switch or front sensor 18 controls the return movement of each shoe which rises on the stack by pressing on the median roller 33. As soon as the pad holder axes arrive at the edge of the stack, the pads are subjected to a tilting torque caused by the offset of the distance "D" existing between the axis of rotation 34 of the median roller 33 and the pivot axis 11 or 12 of each shoe.
• This tilting torque causes the skids to pitch up from the start of the withdrawal movement, which movement ends when the end roller contacts the lower journal.
• This nose-up allows the needles to be completely erased. This movement is transformed into rolling of the pads on the plane of the immediately lower log 3 carried by the rollers 32 and 33, or 49, 50 and 33.
• the evacuation assembly In the case where the evacuation assembly is fixed, it is the lower shelf which moves automatically thanks to the return device, from a low starting position where it has been driven manually or automatically by means of a vertical movement as previously described and where it can be loaded, up to a high position by exhaustion of the stack of newspapers. In this case, all the operating phases of the evacuation assembly and of its pads which have just been described remain identical.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
• Packaging Of Special Articles (AREA)
• Pile Receivers (AREA)
• Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
• Basic Packing Technique (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=9428327

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

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Family Cites Families (11)

• 1992
  • 1992-03-27 FR FR9203931A patent/FR2689278B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1993
  • 1993-03-25 US US08/307,771 patent/US5516003A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1993-03-25 WO PCT/FR1993/000301 patent/WO1993020540A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1993-03-25 EP EP93906666A patent/EP0632917B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-03-25 JP JP5517150A patent/JPH07505243A/ja active Pending
  • 1993-03-25 DE DE69307130T patent/DE69307130T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1993-03-25 AT AT93906666T patent/ATE147180T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1993-03-25 CA CA002132978A patent/CA2132978A1/fr not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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