EP0622597B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la fonte de métaux, en particulier de métaux non ferreux - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la fonte de métaux, en particulier de métaux non ferreux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0622597B1
EP0622597B1 EP94105652A EP94105652A EP0622597B1 EP 0622597 B1 EP0622597 B1 EP 0622597B1 EP 94105652 A EP94105652 A EP 94105652A EP 94105652 A EP94105652 A EP 94105652A EP 0622597 B1 EP0622597 B1 EP 0622597B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
pump
space
molten metal
melt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94105652A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0622597A3 (fr
EP0622597A2 (fr
Inventor
Lars Henrik Mikael Jafs
Daniel Jafs
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ABJAFS EXPORT HOLIMESY Oy
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ABJAFS EXPORT HOLIMESY Oy
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Publication of EP0622597A2 publication Critical patent/EP0622597A2/fr
Publication of EP0622597A3 publication Critical patent/EP0622597A3/fr
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Publication of EP0622597B1 publication Critical patent/EP0622597B1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/006—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with use of an inert protective material including the use of an inert gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/14—Charging or discharging liquid or molten material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for melting of metal. Reference is made to the preambles of claims 1 and 8.
  • SE-PS 437 339 shows and describes the melting of metal in one Melting furnace.
  • the metal is circulated and in batches added by means of pneumatic pumps.
  • To melt quality too To improve it is known to degas the metal, for example by means of gaseous nitrogen, ideally in combination with a filtration.
  • the invention is based on the object, the method and the device according to the preambles of claims 1 and 8 improve that the melting quality is even better than since then.
  • the invention is mainly based on the idea to reduce the turbulence in the chambers.
  • An essential idea of the method according to the invention and the The device according to the invention is that that amount of melted material, which at elevated pressure in the space above of the melting furnace is pressed into the calming chamber, essentially is greater than the amount of molten metal that is used at the same time Melting chamber, which is connected to the pressure chamber, is returned. This is achieved in that the amount of melt that is in the Unit of time from each pump chamber to the connected one Calming chamber is fed, is about 3 to 15 times as large as that of each pump chamber (10, 11) to the connected melting chamber (5) in Pump chamber space above the melt when the pressure rises or Pressure drop transferred quantity.
  • a rise in pressure above the melt in the pump chamber is determined by an increase in pressure of the inert gas, preferably nitrogen, is reached, and by filling the space above the melt and by Establish a conductive connection to the top room above one Pump piston in the pump cylinder that connects to the pump chamber connected. Pressure rise and fall are kept under control, to avoid creating a vacuum.
  • the inert gas preferably nitrogen
  • the mirror in the furnace and in the outlet pipeline is best like this set that minimal mirror fluctuations are possible. At Continuous consumption must also be continuously and on the supply Consumption must be coordinated.
  • the device essentially comprises a conventional melting furnace, preferably with two melting chambers, two pump chambers and two Calming chambers.
  • the cross-sectional area of the Channel between a pump chamber and the associated one Calming chamber much larger than the cross-sectional area of the channel between the same pump chamber and the previous one Melting chamber.
  • the relationship between these cross-sectional areas lies in Range from 15: 1 to 3: 1, preferably between 10: 1 to 5: 1.
  • a ratio of 8: 1 is particularly cheap.
  • the pump cylinders that hold the molten metal in the furnace circulate are vertically arranged pump cylinders, divided by one horizontal, firm subdivision into an upper and a lower Pump room.
  • a pump shaft is movable through the subdivision passed through and provided with a pump piston at the other end. The subdivision divides the cylinder space into two equal parts.
  • the space above the upper pump piston communicates via a Pipeline with the space above the molten metal in the Pump chamber connected to the pump.
  • the one with the other communicating rooms are filled with inert gas, preferably with Nitrogen.
  • the communicating space above the upper pump piston with a Manometer and provide a valve that leads to a gas source on best to a nitrogen source.
  • the space between the horizontal wall of the pump cylinder and the upper pump piston as well as the space between the horizontal Wall and the upper pump piston are attached to a corresponding one Compressed air source connected adjustable, while the room below the lower pump piston communicates with the atmosphere.
  • One on this Wisely equipped pump cylinder enables the pressure in the room increase or decrease above the melt in the pump chamber; in this way the melt is gently transferred to the settling chamber, and the melt remaining in the channel can gently return to the channel be fed. Without controlled pressure conditions, the Pump chamber under the influence of the reversing movement of the Pump piston underpressure arise, causing a sudden Backflow and impacts on the melt in the pump chamber. The turbulence that would then occur would significantly increase the melting quality affect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a melting furnace, seen from above with the cover removed, with the associated pump cylinders.
  • Figure 2 is a cross section of a vertical pump cylinder connected to the pump chamber in the furnace.
  • the melting furnace is divided into several separate chambers divided, which are provided with openings through which the chambers communicate with each other.
  • the heat for melting the metal becomes fed from the electrically heated lid of the melting furnace; this is in the figures not shown. Blocks and / or scrap are after preheating fed to a feed chamber 1.
  • Liquid flows from there Metal through an opening in the bottom area of a first Melting chamber 3.
  • the opening is not shown, but the Material flow through the opening by means of an arrow 2.
  • the metal then flows from the melting chamber 3 through an opening in the area of the bottom subsequent melting chamber 5 - see arrow 4. Between the Melting chambers 3 and 5 can degas and / or filter the melt to improve the melt quality.
  • the degassing and Filter chambers 7 and 8 have a greater depth than the melting chambers, to make backflow impossible.
  • Melting chamber 5 communicates with two pump chambers 10 and 11 two channels - see arrows 12 and 13.
  • the mouth of the channels in the Melting chamber 5 is located near the bottom of the Melting chamber, and their mouths to the pump chambers 10 and 11 are located near the bottom of their corresponding pump chamber.
  • the pump chamber 11 becomes molten metal through a channel of larger cross section pressed into the calming chamber 15 - see Arrow 14.
  • the mouth of the channel in the pump chamber 11 is in near the bottom of the pumping chamber, and its mouth in the Calming chamber 15 is located near the top of the Calming chamber (15).
  • the ratio between the cross sectional areas of the Channels 14 and 13 are best at 8: 1. However, it can also be in the area from 10: 1 to 5: 1, even between 15: 1 to 3: 1.
  • the volume of the Melt changes due to the friction on the pipe walls in the Unit of time not in the same ratio as the cross-sectional areas.
  • the effect the friction of the flow increases inversely proportional to Cross sectional area.
  • An even larger ratio leads to oxidation, and one an even lower ratio leads to poor working methods or even to a system failure.
  • Molten metal flows out of the Calming chamber 15 through an opening in the area of the floor - see Arrow 16 - to inlet chamber 1, where it is fed to the furnace Chill molds, blocks or scrap hits.
  • a controlled amount of molten metal is in the meantime a channel 17 fed to a calming chamber 18, from where it is to Removal is delivered to an electrically heated pipeline 19.
  • the Circulation and pumping out of molten metal is done by feeding an inert gas, for example nitrogen, under Control to the corresponding pump chamber 10, 11 through an inlet channel 20, 21 in the pump chamber cover from an external, vertically arranged Pump cylinders 40, 41.
  • the two pump cylinders (40, 41) are together identical and check their corresponding pump chambers (10, 11) for the same Wise.
  • the pump cylinder (40) has one horizontal partition 22, which preferably the same in two cylinders Rooms 23 and 24 divided. On both sides of the partition 22 is one Pistons 25 and 26 provided.
  • the pistons have a piston rod 27 firmly connected, which is passed through the partition wall 22.
  • An inert gas preferably nitrogen, fills the upper one Pump cylinder chamber 23 and the space above the molten metal in the Pump chamber 10 and 11, which via lines 20 and 21 with the Pump cylinder chamber 23 communicate.
  • the pump cylinder space 23 has a valve 30, which is connected to a nitrogen source and to a manometer 31. The Pumping and thus circulating molten metal is brought about by that compressed air into the cylinder chamber 28 through a pneumatic valve flows in - see the double arrow 32.
  • the furnace lid especially the pump chamber lid, must be properly sealed.
  • the level of the melting furnace and the level the pipeline is best adjusted so that a minimum Mirror fluctuation occurs.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé pour la fusion d'un métal et le traitement du métal fondu, en particulier d'un métal non ferreux, dans lequel le métal solide est introduit dans une chambre (1), puis acheminé d'une chambre à une autre (3, 5, 10, 11, 15, 18) par l'intermédiaire de canaux, qui relient les chambres les unes aux autres, et est soumis en même temps à une fusion ou un traitement à l'aide d'un rayonnement thermique provenant des couvercles des chambres, dans lequel une ou plusieurs pompes (40, 41) exercent une action sur l'espace au-dessus du métal fondu dans une ou plusieurs chambres de pompe (10, 11), qui sont reliées à la pompe, la zone de fond de chacune desdites chambres de pompe étant en liaison conductrice avec une chambre de fusion (5), par l'intermédiaire de canaux qui acheminent le métal fondu vers les chambres de pompe, et avec une chambre de tranquillisation (18, 15), à partir de laquelle le métal fondu est amené vers une conduite tubulaire (19), afin d'être traité ou recyclé, caractérisé en ce que la quantité de métal fondu amenée par unité de temps de chaque chambre de pompe (10, 11) vers la chambre de tranquillisation correspondante (18, 15) est 3 à 15 fois plus grande que la quantité amenée au-dessus du bain de fusion, lors d'une augmentation ou d'une chute de pression dans l'espace de chambre de pompe, depuis chaque chambre de pompe (10, 11) vers la chambre de fusion (5) raccordée ou correspondante.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'espace au-dessus du métal fondu dans la chambre de pompe (10, 11) et l'espace raccordé ou correspondant (23) dans la pompe (40) sont remplis d'un gaz inerte, de préférence de l'azote.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la chute de pression au-dessus du métal fondu dans l'espace de la chambre de pompe (10, 11) est réglée de manière à ne produire aucune dépression.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les différentes chambres (23, 27, 29, 24) du cylindre de la pompe (40, 41) sont susceptibles d'être évacuées (mises en dépression) dans le but de réguler la pression.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le niveau du bain de fusion, ainsi que le niveau de la conduite tubulaire d'évacuation (19) sont maintenus pratiquement constants.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le métal en fusion est acheminé en continu de chaque chambre de pompe (10, 11) vers la chambre de tranquillisation raccordée ou correspondante (15, 18).
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le métal fondu est acheminé en allant vers le haut, à partir de la zone de fond de la chambre de pompe vers la zone de couvercle de la chambre de tranquillisation (18, 15), au-dessus du niveau de la masse en fusion.
  8. Dispositif destiné à la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant un four de fusion muni d'une ou plusieurs chambres (3, 5, 10, 11, 18, 15), y compris une chambre de chargement (1), équipées de couvercles de chambre rayonnant de la chaleur, comprenant une ou plusieurs pompes pneumatiques (40, 41), qui sont raccordées au four de fusion, afin d'acheminer le métal fondu d'une chambre vers une autre, comprenant une conduite d'évacuation (19) et des canaux, qui relient les chambres les unes avec les autres, et à travers lesquels circule le métal fondu entre les chambres successives, caractérisé en ce que le rapport entre les surface de sections transversales des canaux (12, 7; 13, 14), entre une chambre de pompe (10, 11) et la chambre de tranquillisation (18, 15) raccordée à la précédente, est compris entre 3:1 et 15:1, de préférence entre 5:1 et 10:1.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que chaque pompe pneumatique comporte un cylindre de pompe (40, 41) disposé verticalement, qui est séparé par une paroi de séparation horizontale fixe (22) en une chambre de cylindre supérieure et en une chambre de cylindre inférieure (23, 24), et en outre une tige de pompe (27), qui traverse la paroi de séparation et qui porte à chacune de ses extrémités un piston de pompe (25, 26).
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que la paroi de séparation fixe (22) partage le volume du cylindre de pompe en deux parties égales.
  11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les canaux (17, 14) situés entre chaque chambre de pompe (10, 11) et la chambre de tranquillisation (18, 15) raccordée ou correspondante s'étendent en montant vers le haut depuis la zone de fond de la chambre de pompe jusqu'à la zone de couvercle de la chambre de tranquillisation (au-dessus du niveau du métal en fusion).
  12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'espace (23) situé au-dessus du piston de pompe supérieur (25) dans chaque cylindre de pompe (40, 41) des pompes est relié par une conduite (20, 21) à l'espace au-dessus du métal fondu dans la chambre de pompe (10, 11) raccordée à la pompe.
  13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 8 à 12, caractérisé en ce que l'espace (23) situé au-dessus du piston de pompe (25) dans chaque cylindre de pompe (40, 41) ainsi que l'espace au-dessus du métal fondu dans la chambre de pompe (10, 11) reliée au cylindre de pompe sont remplis d'une gaz inerte, de préférence avec de l'azote.
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'espace (23) situé au-dessus du piston de pompe supérieur (25) est équipé d'un manomètre (34) et d'une valve (30), à laquelle est raccordée une source de gaz, pour réguler la pression de gaz
  15. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 8 à 14, caractérisé en ce que l'espace (28) situé entre la cloison de séparation (22) et le piston de pompe supérieur, ainsi que l'espace (29) situé entre la paroi de séparation (22) et le piston de pompe inférieur, sont raccordés chacun à une source d'air comprimé par l'intermédiaire d'un régulateur (32, 33), et en ce que l'espace (24) situé au-dessous du piston de pompe inférieur communique avec l'environnement par l'intermédiaire d'une conduite tubulaire (31).
EP94105652A 1993-04-20 1994-04-13 Procédé et dispositif pour la fonte de métaux, en particulier de métaux non ferreux Expired - Lifetime EP0622597B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI931786 1993-04-20
FI931786A FI94649C (fi) 1993-04-20 1993-04-20 Foerfarande och anordning foer smaeltning av metall, saerskilt icke-jaernmetall

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0622597A2 EP0622597A2 (fr) 1994-11-02
EP0622597A3 EP0622597A3 (fr) 1995-09-06
EP0622597B1 true EP0622597B1 (fr) 1998-02-25

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94105652A Expired - Lifetime EP0622597B1 (fr) 1993-04-20 1994-04-13 Procédé et dispositif pour la fonte de métaux, en particulier de métaux non ferreux

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5591248A (fr)
EP (1) EP0622597B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07120159A (fr)
DE (1) DE59405285D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0622597T3 (fr)
FI (2) FI94649C (fr)
RU (1) RU2127327C1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112077271A (zh) * 2020-09-21 2020-12-15 株洲火炬工业炉有限责任公司 一种锌液定量浇注及扒皮系统和使用方法

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE336314T1 (de) * 2001-04-19 2006-09-15 Alcoa Inc System zur zufuhr von metallschmelze unter konstantem druck und verfahren zur herstellung von endlosmetallartikeln
US6505674B1 (en) * 2001-04-19 2003-01-14 Alcoa Inc. Injector for molten metal supply system
US6536508B1 (en) * 2001-09-21 2003-03-25 Alcoa Inc. Continuous pressure molten metal supply system and method
US7934627B2 (en) * 2005-10-13 2011-05-03 Alcoa Inc. Apparatus and method for high pressure extrusion with molten aluminum
US20080213717A1 (en) * 2007-03-01 2008-09-04 Transmet Corporation Method of increasing the efficiency of melting metal

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3276758A (en) * 1963-04-24 1966-10-04 North American Aviation Inc Metal melting furnace system
US3764297A (en) * 1971-08-18 1973-10-09 Airco Inc Method and apparatus for purifying metal
US3935003A (en) * 1974-02-25 1976-01-27 Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation Process for melting metal
DE2425067A1 (de) * 1974-05-24 1975-12-04 Idra Pressen Gmbh Giesseinrichtung, insbesondere zum vergiessen von magnesiumlegierungen auf warmkammer-druckgiessmaschinen
SE437339B (sv) * 1978-07-31 1985-02-25 Grenges Weda Ab Sett att fran ett bad av smelt metall portionera smelta till ett mottagningsstelle beleget ovanfor badets yta samt anleggning for utforande av settet
US4848603A (en) * 1987-05-28 1989-07-18 Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd. Holding furnace of constant molten metal level
CA2086879A1 (fr) * 1993-01-07 1994-07-08 Henry Meyer Procede et dispositif pour injecter une quantite mesuree de metal en fusion

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112077271A (zh) * 2020-09-21 2020-12-15 株洲火炬工业炉有限责任公司 一种锌液定量浇注及扒皮系统和使用方法
CN112077271B (zh) * 2020-09-21 2021-07-27 株洲火炬工业炉有限责任公司 一种锌液定量浇注及扒皮系统和使用方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI94649C (fi) 1995-10-10
EP0622597A3 (fr) 1995-09-06
FI931786A (fi) 1994-10-21
US5591248A (en) 1997-01-07
FI931786A0 (fi) 1993-04-20
EP0622597A2 (fr) 1994-11-02
RU2127327C1 (ru) 1999-03-10
FI98530B (fi) 1997-03-27
DK0622597T3 (da) 1998-09-28
DE59405285D1 (de) 1998-04-02
FI94649B (fi) 1995-06-30
JPH07120159A (ja) 1995-05-12
FI98530C (fi) 1997-07-10

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