EP0603795B1 - Installation de préchauffage à flamme - Google Patents

Installation de préchauffage à flamme Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0603795B1
EP0603795B1 EP93120530A EP93120530A EP0603795B1 EP 0603795 B1 EP0603795 B1 EP 0603795B1 EP 93120530 A EP93120530 A EP 93120530A EP 93120530 A EP93120530 A EP 93120530A EP 0603795 B1 EP0603795 B1 EP 0603795B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flame glow
flame
air
glow plug
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93120530A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0603795A2 (fr
EP0603795A3 (en
Inventor
Martin Eller
Odd Peters
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG, Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG filed Critical BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0603795A2 publication Critical patent/EP0603795A2/fr
Publication of EP0603795A3 publication Critical patent/EP0603795A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0603795B1 publication Critical patent/EP0603795B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
    • F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
    • F02N19/06—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines by heating of combustion-air by flame generating means, e.g. flame glow-plugs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flame annealing system for heating the combustion air for a combustion device, in particular an internal combustion engine, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a flame glow system which is known for example from DE 33 42 865 C2 or DE 40 32 758 A1, is used, for example, as a cold start aid for the combustion device and in particular for preheating the intake and charge air of internal combustion engines, such as diesel engines, and for suppressing smoke in the Exhaust gas during and after the start phase.
  • a switching device is provided as the control device, with which the heating element of the flame glow plug is heated up quickly and then operated with reduced heating power, which is achieved by a cycle operation with a predetermined Impulse-pause ratio is reached. The control takes place via a temperature switch or a timer.
  • control device is further designed so that the flame glow plug is supplied with both current and fuel in a clocked manner.
  • the object underlying the invention is therefore to design a flame glow system according to the preamble of claim 1 so that the air / fuel mixture of the flame glow plug always corresponds to the prevailing operating conditions of the combustion device.
  • the single figure shows the embodiment of the flame annealing plant according to the invention in a schematic Diagram.
  • the embodiment of the flame annealing system according to the invention shown in the drawing is used to heat air in the air intake duct 6 of an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine.
  • a flame glow plug 1 is arranged in the air intake duct 6 and is supplied with fuel and electricity via an injection pump 2 and a control unit 3.
  • the supplied fuel is mixed with air, which enters the flame glow plug 1 via holes in a protective tube with which the flame glow plug 1 is arranged in the air intake duct 6. Due to the power supply to the heating or glow element of the flame glow plug 1, this mixture is ignited so that a flame is formed which heats the air in the air intake duct 6.
  • an air flow meter in particular an air velocity or air flow meter 5, is arranged, the output signal of which is at the control unit 3.
  • the control unit 3 controls the fuel supply to the flame glow plug 1 in accordance with the air quantity / speed in the air intake duct 6, which is reported to it by the air flow meter 5.
  • a fuel quantity suitable for the flame glow plug is metered into the branched-off air quantity entering the flame glow plug 1, which can be achieved, for example, by a plunger pump, the cycle frequency of which is changed to match the air quantity.
  • a constant amount of fuel is delivered per working stroke and the cycle frequency is controlled via the air flow meter.
  • the air speed can be measured in various ways. It can a baffle plate can be used, which performs an angular movement with increasing air speed. This angular movement is converted into an electrical signal, which is converted by the control unit into the clock frequency for the fuel delivery pump.
  • a hot wire resistance measurement method can also be used. A hot wire heated with a constant current is exposed to the air flow, which causes the hot wire to cool down and thus reduce the wire resistance, which can be used as a measure of the air volume.
  • the use of a pressure sensor which detects the absolute pressure within the air duct is particularly suitable, it being possible to make a statement about the air speed via the pressure signal. In this way, it is possible to adapt the amount of fuel to the respective amount of air in such a way that optimal combustion is achieved, which does not lead to a flame extinction even when the air speed is increased during engine operation.
  • a multiple overload is preheated at the start of operation, the required energy being allocated taking into account the electrical operating parameters of the combustion device, for example the on-board voltage, by a corresponding choice of the amount of heating current and the preheating time becomes.
  • a cut-off according to a predetermined characteristic diagram, again taking into account the on-board voltage, but also the state of charge of the battery, the load from other consumers, etc., in order to specify the correct pulse-pause ratio for the clocked power supply when supplying current pulses.
  • the electrical heating energy for the fuel evaporation in the flame glow plug 1 corresponds to the amount of fuel passed through up to a maximum compatible heating energy, to avoid damaging the heating element. This maximum compatible heating energy is reached when the temperature gradient in the heating element becomes too great from the inside to the outside and the heating and control coils in the heating element of the flame glow plug 1 tend to overheat.
  • the fuel is then evaporated and mixed with the incoming air, whereby due to the above. Control results in an ignitable mixture with high flame propagation speed, the mixture ratio of which is optimal for all load and speed ranges.
  • the heating power of the flame glow plug 1 is increased by the control unit 3 in a suitable manner so that the fuel supplied in a suitable manner can also be processed and the heat dissipation by the moving air is compensated. This increase in heating power takes place in turn until the critical heating power for the heating element is reached.
  • the design can be such that the fuel is supplied in proportion to the amount of air, the air speed or the absolute dynamic pressure with a separate pump, for which purpose a continuously delivering pump with fuel pressure generated in proportion to the amount of air, a pump proportional to the amount of air supply with variable drive speed or a plunger pump are provided be, which promotes intermittently, but is provided with facilities for equalizing the fuel outflow.
  • the heating energy can also be supplied continuously by adjusting the heating power in the fuel supply by self-regulation and in the flame glow plug a control wire with temperature jump characteristics is provided, which is cooled by the fuel and leads to a higher heating power.
  • the heating element in the Flame glow plug 1 can also be connected upstream of an electrically tuned PTC element, ie a resistance element with a positive temperature coefficient, which slowly becomes hot without fuel flow and serves as a series resistor. With fuel flow, this element is cooled accordingly, so that it becomes low-resistance and allows a greater heating power on the heating element of the flame glow plug 1, which is necessary for the vaporization of the fuel supplied.
  • the flame glow plug 1 has two or more heating elements, which are supplied with heating energy in pulses after a quick preheating, in such a way that the current pulses line up without gaps and the heating energy supply takes place in heating stages in which e.g. If there are three heating elements, no heating element, one heating element, two heating elements or all three heating elements are supplied with electricity alternately or simultaneously.
  • a catalytically active element in the flame. This element is arranged in the area of the flame outlet opening and is not shown in the drawing.
  • an air flow meter 5 is thus provided in the intake duct 6 as a sensor, according to the output signals of which the fuel quantity and the electrical heating energy of the flame glow plug 1 are allocated by the control unit 3.
  • the clock frequency of which is driven in proportion to the amount of air in order to supply the amount of fuel in proportion to the amount of air, as described above, such a fuel supply can also be achieved with a throttle and with a fuel pressure proportional to the amount of air.
  • a nozzle that is adjustable in proportion to the amount of air can also be used, preferably with an approximately constant fuel pressure be provided.
  • the or the electrically heated heating elements in the flame glow plug 1 are supplied with current for fuel preparation, initially with multiple electrical overloads, i.e. is heated up as quickly as possible, taking into account the state of the vehicle electrical system and then the energy supply, for example, is reduced via a variable pulse-pause ratio of the current cycle.
  • the heating energy required in each case is allocated as a function of the quantity of fuel supplied via a newly adapted variable pulse-pause ratio.
  • the allocation can be created as a map in an electronic memory.
  • a stoichiometric air-fuel mixture in the flame glow plug 1 with a high flame propagation speed is sought, which is controlled via the air flow meter 5 and the associated fuel supply, for example the clock frequency of a plunger pump. Since a quantity of fuel which is suitable for the amount of air passed through is metered in, a maximum flame propagation speed up to a predetermined upper quantity of air is ensured after ignition of the air / fuel mixture.
  • the heating energy for the heating element of the flame glow plug 1 is allocated by measuring the amount of air so that the heating element of the flame glow plug 1 is not damaged.
  • the flame annealing plant according to the invention has the additional Advantage that the enforceable amount of fuel is higher, so that further applications open up, ie the flame annealing system can also be used for example for large-volume truck engines.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Installation de préchauffage par flamme pour le réchauffage de l'air comburant d'un dispositif de combustion, en particulier d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant une bougie de préchauffage par flamme qui est disposée dans le canal d'arrivée d'air du dispositif de combustion, un dispositif d'alimentation en courant de la bougie de préchauffage par flamme, un dispositif d'alimentation en carburant destiné à la bougie de préchauffage par flamme et un dispositif de commande des alimentations en courant et en carburant de la bougie de préchauffage par flamme, caractérisée par un dispositif (5) de mesure du flux d'air disposé dans le canal d'arrivée d'air (6), auquel répond le dispositif de commande (3) et qui commande en conséquence l'alimentation en carburant de la bougie (1) de préchauffage par flamme.
  2. Installation de préchauffage par flamme selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de commande (3) commande l'alimentation en courant en fonction de l'alimentation en carburant.
  3. Installation de préchauffage par flamme selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de commande (3) élève l'alimentation en courant lorsque le dispositif (5) de mesure du flux d'air détecte un déplacement d'air dans le canal d'arrivée d'air (6).
  4. Installation de préchauffage par flamme selon l'un des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la commande de l'alimentation en courant s'effectue avec intégration de paramètres du dispositif de combustion qui indiquent l'état de l'alimentation électrique du dispositif de combustion.
  5. Installation de préchauffage par flamme selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'alimentation en courant de chauffage de la bougie (1) de préchauffage par flamme est autorégulée par un filament de réglage qui est disposé dans la bougie (1) de préchauffage par flamme et qui est composé d'un matériau à caractéristique discontinue en température.
  6. Installation de préchauffage par flamme selon la revendication 1 ou 5, caractérisée par un élément de résistance à coefficient positif de température qui est monté en avant de l'élément chauffant dans la bougie (1) de préchauffage par flamme et a une variation proportionnelle de sa résistance par rapport à la température.
  7. Installation de préchauffage par flamme selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que deux éléments chauffants ou davantage qui sont prévus dans la bougie de préchauffage par flamme, sont alimentés avec des impulsions de courant qui se succèdent sans interruption dans le temps, et sont alimentés en courant individuellement ou en groupes en paliers différents de chauffage.
  8. Installation de préchauffage par flamme selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par un élément ayant une action catalytique et disposé dans la zone de la flamme de la bougie (1) de préchauffage par flamme.
EP93120530A 1992-12-23 1993-12-20 Installation de préchauffage à flamme Expired - Lifetime EP0603795B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4243965A DE4243965A1 (de) 1992-12-23 1992-12-23 Flammglühanlage
DE4243965 1992-12-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0603795A2 EP0603795A2 (fr) 1994-06-29
EP0603795A3 EP0603795A3 (en) 1994-08-24
EP0603795B1 true EP0603795B1 (fr) 1995-11-02

Family

ID=6476462

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93120530A Expired - Lifetime EP0603795B1 (fr) 1992-12-23 1993-12-20 Installation de préchauffage à flamme

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5402757A (fr)
EP (1) EP0603795B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE129780T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4243965A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2079234T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4431477C2 (de) * 1994-09-03 1996-09-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Starthilfevorrichtung, insbesondere für einen Dieselmotor
DE19629928A1 (de) * 1996-07-24 1998-01-29 Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Flammstartanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Flammstartanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine
EP0916823B1 (fr) 1997-11-18 2003-04-16 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Système de commande d'un dispositif de chauffage à combustion pour un moteur à combustion interne
JP3658970B2 (ja) 1997-12-08 2005-06-15 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃焼式ヒータを有する内燃機関
EP0924399B1 (fr) 1997-12-19 2003-07-23 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Moteur à combustion interne comprenant un catalyseur NOx pour combustion pauvre
JP3577961B2 (ja) 1998-02-27 2004-10-20 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃焼式ヒータを有する内燃機関
JP3509563B2 (ja) 1998-03-10 2004-03-22 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃焼式ヒータを有する内燃機関
DE10048608C2 (de) * 2000-09-30 2003-04-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren und Computerprogramm zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine sowie Brennkraftmaschine
DE10233049B4 (de) * 2002-07-19 2004-05-13 Webasto Thermosysteme International Gmbh Heizgerät mit einem Glühstift/Flammwächter
CN112746924B (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-09-21 北京理工大学 一种柴油机用自燃型火焰进气预热系统

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3400699A (en) * 1966-06-08 1968-09-10 Ford Motor Co Preheater unit for an internal combustion engine
US3602206A (en) * 1968-02-07 1971-08-31 Daimler Benz Ag Flame heater plug for air-compressing internal combustion engines
JPS5121012A (fr) * 1974-08-14 1976-02-19 Hitachi Ltd
US4162669A (en) * 1977-02-22 1979-07-31 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Ignition system for rotary piston engines
DE3335144A1 (de) * 1982-09-30 1984-04-05 Isuzu Motors Ltd., Tokyo Einlassbrenner
JPS59141771A (ja) * 1983-02-03 1984-08-14 Nippon Denso Co Ltd ディ−ゼル機関制御装置
DE3342865A1 (de) * 1983-11-26 1985-06-05 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Vorrichtung zum aufheizen der gluehkerzen von brennkraftmaschinen
DE4007340C1 (fr) * 1990-03-08 1990-10-11 Mercedes-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De
DE4010093C1 (en) * 1990-03-29 1991-08-14 Mercedes-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De Flame plug for IC-engine - has fuel metering insert and spaced evaporator tube to enclose heating bar
DE4032758A1 (de) * 1990-10-16 1992-04-30 Daimler Benz Ag Vorrichtung zum aufheizen der ansaugluft bei brennkraftmaschinen mittels einer flammstartanlage
DE4041631C1 (fr) * 1990-12-22 1992-02-06 Daimler Benz Ag

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0603795A2 (fr) 1994-06-29
US5402757A (en) 1995-04-04
EP0603795A3 (en) 1994-08-24
DE4243965A1 (de) 1994-06-30
ATE129780T1 (de) 1995-11-15
DE59300858D1 (de) 1995-12-07
ES2079234T3 (es) 1996-01-01

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