EP0597215B1 - Appareillage pour le sondage par étincelage bout-à-bout - Google Patents

Appareillage pour le sondage par étincelage bout-à-bout Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0597215B1
EP0597215B1 EP93115052A EP93115052A EP0597215B1 EP 0597215 B1 EP0597215 B1 EP 0597215B1 EP 93115052 A EP93115052 A EP 93115052A EP 93115052 A EP93115052 A EP 93115052A EP 0597215 B1 EP0597215 B1 EP 0597215B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chucking
axis
rail
workpiece
clamping
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93115052A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0597215A1 (fr
Inventor
Hansrudolf Zollinger
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HA Schlatter AG
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HA Schlatter AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0597215A1 publication Critical patent/EP0597215A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/002—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B23K11/0073—Butt welding of long articles advanced axially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
    • B23K37/0435—Clamps
    • B23K37/0443—Jigs

Definitions

  • a mobile electric flash butt welding machine which has a rail pulling device in the horizontal plane of the rails. It encircles the rail joint in a ring. Two drive cylinders are arranged to the left and right of the rail joint. The rails are clamped between the jaws with a toggle lever arrangement. The welding electrodes are designed as pairs of clamping jaws.
  • a rail welding machine with two gripping tongs with conductive clamping jaws is known.
  • the gripping tongs are arranged on a common rod, which also forms the axis of rotation.
  • One of the two grippers can be moved on the rod.
  • a deburring device works independently of the gripping tongs and can be moved independently in the longitudinal direction of the rail by means of cylinders.
  • This welding machine is relatively compact, but is limited due to the common guide rod in terms of adjustment options and accuracies.
  • a welding machine for welding rails is known from US Pat. No. 3,036,204.
  • the machine has a fixed, insulated table that supports a first rail and a sliding head. The head holds the second rail to be welded to the first (column 1, lines 10-15).
  • the table 22 and the displaceable platform 24 have a pair of clamping elements 32, 34 which can be actuated in the vertical direction.
  • the platform 24 can be moved back and forth by a hydraulic cylinder 28 which is mounted on the fixed table 22.
  • the Cylinder rod 30 is connected directly to platform 24 (column 2 lines 62-68).
  • the piston-cylinder unit is arranged below the axis of the workpiece.
  • the flash butt welding machine known from US 4,410,780 has two clamping tongs 17, 18 and 19, 20 which are arranged on a common shaft 21.
  • the clamping pliers 17, 18 and 19, 20 can be displaced relative to one another on the shaft by piston / cylinder units 22, 23 in order to bring the rail ends together (column 2 lines 37-46).
  • the rail welding machine 24 known from US 4,414,454 has a fixed part 42 and a movable part 52. Both are held in a frame construction 40 (column 5 lines 3-8).
  • the movable part 52 is connected on the left side to a flexible vertical wall 116 and at the right end to a lever 124 (column 6 lines 8-20).
  • the hydraulic cylinders 220 actuate the lever arms 214 to move the rod 210, which supports the movable part 52, back and forth. Because of its flexibility, the wall 116 can track the forward and backward movement of the part 52 (column 9 line 62 to column 10 line 3).
  • a platform 118 mounted in the frame structure has a guide slot 120 for guiding a guide block 122 during the compression phase (column 6 lines 1-7).
  • the object of the invention is to provide a flash butt welding system of the type mentioned, which is characterized by a compact, ie. H. features space-saving design, requires as little manual work as possible and can be used as a mobile rail welding system.
  • the solution consists in that the device for displacing the clamping systems has a slide which is linearly displaceably mounted in a housing and with which the at least one lever is rotatably connected at the point of force application and has at least on the one hand on the housing and on the other hand on the pivot point of the lever rotatably fastened pull rod .
  • the force to pull the profile workpieces against one another is therefore not at the level of the clamping axis z. B. laterally next to the rails (ie in the horizontal plane of the rails), but typically above the same z. B generated with two hydraulic cylinders. To transfer resp. Deflection of the tensile force in the clamping axis z. B. two movable levers used in a vertical plane. The tensile force therefore acts essentially in the longitudinal axis of the profile workpieces, which causes low bending forces of the mechanical support structure.
  • a two-armed lever is used. With such a good power transmission ratios can be realized.
  • the device for displacing the clamping systems comprises a slide which is linearly displaceably mounted in a housing.
  • the at least one lever is rotatably connected to this in the force application point assigned to it.
  • At least one pull rod is rotatably attached to the housing on the one hand and to a lever on the other hand.
  • the at least one tie rod is located between the tensile force generator and the clamping axis. This creates a symmetrical arrangement with an advantageous force and torque distribution.
  • contact electrodes are provided which are designed such that the profile workpiece is contacted in each case on the outer sides of its head and / or its foot. This brings z. B. in rail welding great advantages when preparing the rails with itself, since the indispensable grinding of the rail surface is not laborious on the web resp. under the head, but can be carried out comfortably on the convex outside of the rail profile.
  • the contact electrodes preferably each form approximately V-shaped openings for receiving the profile workpieces with only slight play.
  • the profile workpieces can be inserted perpendicular to the clamping axis (e.g. from below) (e.g. by lowering the welding system onto the workpieces lying on the floor) and can then be pressed tight by the clamping systems.
  • the electrode arrangement is preferably rigid, ie it is not designed as a movable clamping jaw device.
  • the principle of the V-shaped openings between the electrode parts is particularly suitable for positioning rails on the driving edge.
  • the flash butt welding system has a deburring device with knives that can be swiveled in and swiveled out, which are mounted in the swiveled-out position in or behind a plane defined by the front side of a welding electrode facing the welding point and outside the contact electrode.
  • the key point is that the knives are stored in a position protected by metal splashes during the welding process.
  • the knives are adapted to the profile of the workpieces and can be moved together with the slide. In the swiveled-in position, the knives rest on the contact electrodes. When deburring, they are pushed together with the contact electrodes by the upsetting force generators (upsetting cylinders) over the weld seam.
  • the deburring device therefore does not require separate hydraulic cylinders or the like.
  • the knives can be pivoted about axes of rotation which are arranged in such a way that the resistance forces occurring during the deburring lead to the knives pressing against the rail and the torques pressing on the contact electrodes.
  • the clamping system comprises eccentric presses.
  • Four eccentric shafts arranged in pairs are preferably provided for each rail end. They are preferably used in combination with the V-shaped contact electrodes in order to press the rails against one of the two flanks of the contact electrodes.
  • the clamping system preferably comprises, as eccentric presses, shafts mounted orthogonally to the workpiece clamping axis with eccentrically mounted clamping beams for clamping the profile workpiece.
  • the clamping beams can be swiveled around a horizontal axis, in particular an axis parallel to the clamping axis, and engage the profile web below the profile head.
  • the clamping beams can also be designed to be height-adjustable in another way.
  • a lifting cylinder aligned perpendicular to the workpiece clamping axis is advantageously installed, which actuates the swiveling clamping bars by means of tie rods (more or less synchronously).
  • the clamping beams can also be provided with separate drives.
  • a height-adjustable stop By swiveling the clamping beam upwards, the profile workpiece can be pressed against a height-adjustable stop.
  • a stop can, for. B. formed by a spindle installed perpendicular to the workpiece clamping axis.
  • the clamping system for clamping a profile workpiece comprises four eccentric shafts, two eccentric shafts arranged on the same side of the clamping axis each being driven by a common lifting cylinder acting on one end and on the other on the other eccentric shaft will.
  • This has the advantage that both the action force and the reaction force can be used for pressing.
  • the synchronization of the eccentric shafts driven by the common lifting cylinder can be ensured by an additional connecting rod.
  • four adjustment profiles arranged along the clamping axis are provided for adjusting the profile workpieces to be welded, two of which are preferably formed by the contact electrodes.
  • At least one clamping press is located between two adjustment profiles arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the axis.
  • Each adjustment profile offers at least one angular stop.
  • the clamping presses engage the profile workpieces in such a way that the latter are pressed into the angular stop mentioned in an edge-adjusted manner.
  • the rail is pressed with the head into the "adjustment corners". In this way, precise adjustment to the driving edge can be achieved with simple means.
  • the invention is not limited to the combination of pulling device, clamping device, trimming device, driving edge adjustment and electrode shape, which is shown by way of example.
  • the pulling device can be implemented on its own or in an optional combination with the other subsystems (clamping device, trimming device, travel edge adjustment, electrode shape).
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a mobile rail welding system from the side and in the axial cross section in the sense of an exemplary embodiment.
  • the whole construction shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is e.g. B. in a rail or tire vehicle adjustable in height and laterally slidably suspended.
  • the mobile rail welding system has a housing 1, in which a carriage 2 is mounted so as to be linearly displaceable.
  • a suspension structure 3 e.g. frame with hook
  • the entire rail welding system is suspended from it in the vehicle mentioned above as an example.
  • Housing 1 and carriage 2 are frame-like metal structures.
  • Two guide rods 4a, 4b are mounted in the housing 1 near the longitudinal side walls.
  • the carriage 2 is slidably mounted on these.
  • the guide rods 4a, 4b are held in the housing 1 by electrical insulators.
  • the slide bearings between the carriage 2 and the guide rods 4a, 4b are not insulated.
  • the guide rods 4a, 4b are therefore at the same potential as the carriage 2.
  • the guide rods 4a, 4b respectively.
  • the slide bearings are not exposed to particularly large bending moments when compressing the rails. To reduce the weight of the rail welding system, they can therefore be designed as hollow shafts.
  • a clamping system for holding the rail ends 5a, 5b to be welded is installed in the housing 1 and in the slide 2.
  • the rail ends 5a, 5b are by the clamping systems on a common rail clamping axis 17 (parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail welding machine and preferably in its vertical longitudinal center plane).
  • two tie rods 6a, 6b are provided below the guide rods 4a, 4b z. B. They extend essentially in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the rail welding system and are anchored at one end to the housing 1 by means of bearing axes 7a, 7b.
  • the bearing axles 7a, 7b are horizontal and allow the pull rods 6a, 6b to pivot in a vertical plane. Since the pulling device is essentially mirror-symmetrical to the longitudinal center plane, only one half is described in detail below.
  • the other end of the pull rod 6a is connected in an articulated manner to a lever 8 which can also be pivoted in a vertical plane.
  • the lever 8 has two arms. The lower of these two arms is connected to the carriage 2 at the level of the rail clamping axis 17 by means of a bearing axis 9.
  • the end of the upper arm is connected in an axis of rotation 10 to the piston of a longitudinally located press cylinder 11.
  • the press cylinder 11 in turn is connected to the housing 1 by a (horizontal) bearing axis 12.
  • a clamping system for gripping and holding the rail ends 5a, 5b is installed in the housing 1 and in the slide 2.
  • the press cylinder 11 pushes the upper arm of the lever 8 to the right in the illustration according to FIG. 1.
  • the bearing axis 13, which is approximately in the middle of the lever 8, is forced by the pull rod 6a onto an arc around the bearing axis 7a. Therefore, the bearing axis 9 and thus the carriage 2 moves into the housing 1, i. H. 1 to the left in the illustration.
  • the bearing axis 9 moves (due to the inventive guidance of the carriage 2) on a strictly linear path parallel to the rail clamping axis 17.
  • the bearing axis 9 represents the force application point of the lever.
  • said force application point is provided as close as possible to the rail clamping axis 17. That is, a straight line (imaginary) going through the bearing axis 9 should preferably intersect the geometric workpiece clamping axis 17 or be as close as possible from it.
  • the advantage of this arrangement is the symmetrical loading of the housing / slide construction. This is due to the fact that the tie rods 6a, 6b lie between the press cylinders (action forces) assigned to them and the rails (i.e. the reaction forces). Undesired bending moments on the housing construction are largely avoided. Furthermore, the space at the level of the rails is kept free by the construction according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the principle.
  • Each clamping system 14.1, 14.2 comprises four eccentric shafts 15.1, ..., 15.4, respectively. 16.1, ..., 16.4.
  • the eccentric shafts 15.1, ..., 15.4, 16.1, ..., 16.4 are arranged opposite each other in pairs (15.1 and 15.3, 15.2 and 15.4, 16.1 and 16.3, 16.2 and 16.4) along the rail clamping axis 17. They are vertical d. H. arranged essentially orthogonal to the workpiece clamping axis and equipped in pairs with eccentrically mounted clamping bars 19.1, 19.2 which can be pivoted about a horizontal axis parallel to the rail clamping axis 17. (Each clamping bar e.g. 19.1 is moved by two synchronous eccentric shafts e.g. 15.1, 15.2.) By rotating the shafts, the clamping bars 19.1, 19.2 can move towards the rail clamping axis. be moved away from her.
  • two eccentric shafts arranged on the same side of the rail clamping axis 17 are combined to form a functional unit.
  • a press cylinder 20.1, 20.2 acts on each of the associated shafts eccentrically (bearing bolts 21.1, 21.2 or 21.3, 21.4).
  • the bearing bolts 21.1, 21.2, respectively. 21.3, 21.4 are arranged so that the actuation of the press cylinder 20.1, 20.2 leads to a rotation of the two functionally combined shafts (15.1, 15.2 or 15.3, 15.4) in the same direction.
  • the eccentric shafts 15.1, 15.2, respectively, actuated by the same press cylinder. 15.3, 15.4 are also with coupling rods 22.1, respectively.
  • Each extension of the press cylinder can be assigned a unique position of the eccentric shafts 15.1, ..., 15.4.
  • the construction just described has the advantage that both the action and the reaction force in the press cylinders can be used to hold the rails in place.
  • limit switches 18.1, ..., 18.4 can be provided. They indicate that an end position has been reached. Position sensors can of course also be provided, which indicate the exact position in which the eccentric presses are located. Then it is also possible to weld the rails in a center-centered position by adjusting the power input accordingly.
  • the clamping bars 19.1, 19.2 are pivotable, preferably in the manner of a ball joint on the eccentric shafts 15.1 and 15.2, respectively. 15.3 and 15.4 stored.
  • the pivoting movement is controlled by a vertically aligned lifting cylinder 24 arranged centrally in the clamping system.
  • a coupling part 26 is mounted on its piston 25, which can be pressed upwards. This can be rotated about a horizontal axis parallel to the rail clamping axis.
  • On both sides of the central axis of the coupling part 26 is a pull rod z. B. 27 (see. Fig. 4) articulated.
  • the lower end of the tie rod 27 is each with the corresponding clamping bar 19.1. 19.2 articulated.
  • the coupling part 26 is pressed upward by the piston 25, as a result of which the two clamping beams 19.1, 19.2 are also pivoted upward (e.g. from -6 ° to + 6 ° by approx. 20 mm) .
  • the articulated mounting of the coupling part 26 distributes the tensile forces evenly between the two clamping beams 19.1 and 19.2.
  • the clamping beams 19.1 and 19.2 On their sides facing the rail clamping axis, the clamping beams 19.1 and 19.2 have noses 28.1, 29.1 and 28.2, 29.2. These lugs 28.1, 28.2 and 29.1, 29.2 are arranged so that they are at the top when the rail is clamped and when the clamping bars 19.1 and 19.2 are pivoted upwards Part of the rail web 30b, respectively. Grasp the bottom of the rail head 30a.
  • the rail head 30a is pressed from below onto a spindle tip 31 by the lifting cylinder 24. By adjusting the height of the spindle tip 31, the ends of the rails to be welded to one another are adjusted in terms of their height.
  • the electrode arrangement is shown in FIGS. 6a, 6b.
  • the contacting of the rail according to the invention is characterized in that it does not "inside”, ie. H. on a concave part of the profile (e.g. on the web 30b), but "outside", i. H. on a convex part, in particular on the side of the rail head 30a and on the rail foot 30c.
  • two electrode parts 32.1, 32.2 are provided in a stationary manner on the frame construction of the housing 1. They are shaped in such a way that between them there is a passage which tapers in a V-shape and is perpendicular to the clamping axis.
  • the narrowing takes place from bottom to top and to such an extent that the rail profile can be picked up with little play. Lateral adjustment takes place by means of stop surfaces formed on the electrode parts 32.1, 32.2 (for the outer sides of the rail head 30a and the rail foot 30c).
  • the two electrode parts 32.1, 32.2 thus form an adjustment profile 34.1 (cf. FIG. 1).
  • Two such electrode parts, which form an adjusting profile 34.2, are likewise arranged in a fixed position (with respect to the carriage 2) on the carriage 2.
  • Two further adjustment profiles 33.1, 33.2 are provided at the two ends of the rail welding system. However, in contrast to the electrode parts, these do not consist of copper, but z. B. made of wear-resistant steel.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 between two adjustment profiles 33.1 and 34.1 respectively. 34.2 and 33.2 two eccentric presses each (see Fig. 3-5).
  • This construction according to the invention enables simple driving edge adjustment of the installed rails.
  • This type of adjustment has the advantage that rails with different degrees of wear, respectively. new and old rails can be welded with the edges aligned.
  • FIG. 6a, b shows a bore 35 in which a spindle for adjusting the rail height is mounted (cf. FIG. 4: spindle tip 31).
  • the spindle tip 31 limits the rail receiving space framed laterally by the electrode parts 32.1, 32.2, since it is provided between the above-mentioned electrode parts 32.1, 32.2.
  • the principle of the adjustment according to the invention is therefore that there are two stop surfaces at an angle to one another (e.g. one side of the electrode and the spindle tip) in the sense of an angular stop and that the rail is pressed into this angular stop by means of a pressing device .
  • This enables adjustment in two directions perpendicular to one another.
  • Two pairs of busbars 37.1, 37.2 and 37.3, 37.4 are attached to a supporting structure 36 (e.g. made of steel). They are aligned vertically and run from the top, where transformer connections are provided, to the very bottom, where the electrode parts 32.1, 32.2 are arranged.
  • Two current leads are formed by the two pairs of busbars 37.1, 37.2 and 37.3, 37.4.
  • the two immediately adjacent busbars 37.1, 37.2 and 37.3, 37.4 are with cooling channels 39.1, 39.2, respectively. 39.3, 39.4.
  • the cooling channels 39.1,..., 39.4 pass through the busbars 37.1,. It is simplest if the adjacent busbars 37.1, 37.2 each have a longitudinal bore and a transverse bore connecting them at the lower end.
  • a copper block 38 (base electrode) is welded onto the busbars 37.1, ..., 37.4 from the front. It electrically connects the four busbars 37.1, ..., 37.4. It has a U-shaped recess 40 in the region of the rail clamping axis.
  • the electrode parts 32.1, 32.2 are fastened to the two side walls of this recess 40.
  • the support structure 36 on which the copper block 38 is fastened also has a corresponding U-shaped recess on the rail clamping axis.
  • the electrode parts 32.1, 32.2 are wider than the copper block 38 is thick and in the present example are screwed not only to the copper block 38, but also to the support structure 36.
  • the copper block 38 also has flat recesses 41.1, 41.2 on both sides of the U-shaped recess 40, into which the knives of the deburring device to be described below can be inserted.
  • the lateral recess 41.1, 41.2 extend in the vertical direction at least over the height range which is occupied by the recess 40. This corresponds to slightly more than the height of the rail 30.
  • the electrode block mounted on the housing need not have these recesses 41.1, 41.2, since no deburring device is also mounted on the housing.
  • FIG. 7a, 7b shows the part of the welding current circuit which has not yet been explained.
  • two welding transformers 42.1, 42.2 are mounted side by side. They are aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis (rail clamping axis) of the rail welding system.
  • Primary connections 43.1, 43.2 are located on the side facing away from the welding plane Side of the welding transformers 42.1, 42.2.
  • the two welding transformers 42.1, 42.2 are connected in parallel on the secondary side.
  • One side of the secondary connections 44.1, 44.2 is connected to a U-shaped busbar 45.
  • a second busbar 46 connects the second connections on the secondary side to busbars 49.1, ..., 49.4, which are mirror images of the busbars 37.1, ..., 37.4 described above. are arranged.
  • Flexible ribbon conductors 47.1, 47.2 are screwed tightly to the arms of the busbar 45. These are connected at their second end to the busbars 48.1, 48.2, which are fixed on the carriage. Because the strip conductors 47.1, 47.2 are folded back onto themselves in a U-shape, the slide can be moved without changing a contact point (as is the case, for example, with sliding contacts).
  • busbars 48.1, 48.2 are then connected to the vertical busbars 37.1, ..., 37.4.
  • the circuit on the secondary side of the welding transformers 42.1, 42.2 looks like this: First connection of the secondary side - busbar 45 - ribbon conductor 47.1, 47.2 (connected in parallel) - busbars 48.1, 48.2 (connected in parallel) - busbars 37.1, ..., 37.4 (connected in parallel) - copper block 38 (see FIGS. 6a, 6b) - electrode parts 32.1, 32.2 - rail end 5b - rail end 5a - electrode parts, copper block and busbars 49.1, ..., 49.4 (analogous to FIGS. 6a, 6b) - busbar 46 - second side of the secondary connections 44.1, 44.2 of the welding transformers 42.1, 42.2.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 A preferred embodiment of a trimming device according to the invention will next be explained with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • a bead of material forms on the rail joint, which must be removed.
  • this can be done with known devices.
  • z. B. two knives - one of which is indicated in FIG. 8 by the reference numeral 50 - are provided which can be swung in and out and which form a space between them which corresponds precisely to the profile cross section of the welded rail.
  • the entire deburring device and in particular the knives are mirror images of a vertical plane in which the rail clamping axis runs. Therefore, only one of the two halves of the device is described below.
  • the knife 50 is a plate which is pivotally held by a holder 51 perpendicular to the rail clamping axis 17.
  • the side facing the rail clamping axis 17 has a recess which corresponds to half (negative) rail profile.
  • the knife 50 is pivoted in and out by a suitable mechanism in such a way that a front corner point 52 of the knife 50 can be moved from a pivoted-out position A to a pivoted-in position B.
  • the corner point 52 moves from point A to point B on an arc with a center angle of approximately 90 °.
  • the swivel mechanism is designed such that the friction forces in the swivel mechanism lead to a torque that presses the knife 50 against the rail and the electrode.
  • the knife 50 is held by the holder 51 already mentioned.
  • the bracket 51 is supported by a triangular support plate 59. This engages the holder 51 at the bottom and tapers to the rear (i.e. starting from the knife 50, it tapers in a direction opposite to the trimming direction).
  • the support plate 59 z. B. essentially a right-angled triangle, one short cathetus perpendicular to the rail clamping axis and the other long parallel to the rail clamping axis 17.
  • the support plate 59 is rotatably supported at a rear end by a lever 57 by means of an axis 58 and at a front end by a lever 70 by means of an axis 69.
  • the holder 51 is held by a lever 54 by means of an axis 55, which is arranged in alignment with the axis 69.
  • the two axes 58 and 55/69 are preferably on a line parallel to the rail clamping axis.
  • the lever 57 is pivotable about an axis 56 and the levers 54, 70 about an axis 53.
  • the levers 54 and 70 are arranged one above the other and move synchronously (identical position).
  • the two vertical axes 56 and 53 are stationary with respect to a carriage frame 63 which carries the entire trimming device.
  • the axes 56 and 53 are otherwise the same mutual distance as the axes 58 and 55/69 and lie on a line parallel to the latter axes.
  • a coupling rod 62 The ends of a coupling rod 62 are articulated on the one hand to a lever 67 and on the other hand to a lever 68 (see FIG. 9).
  • the lever 67 can be rotated about the axis 56 at a rigid 90 ° angle with respect to the lever 57.
  • the lever 68 can be rotated about the axis 53 at a rigid angle to the lever 54. In this way, the knife 50 can be stuck in and parallel. be swung out. This prevents problems with the passage through the dead point.
  • the pivoting in and out is effected by a lifting cylinder 64.
  • This is rotatably anchored on the carriage frame 63 by an axis 66.
  • the axis 66 is preferably (in the direction of the clamping axis) at the same height as the axis 56.
  • the piston rod 65 of the lifting cylinder 64 is articulated in an axis 61 to the lever 54.
  • the vertical axes 55 and 69 are aligned.
  • the piston rod 65 and the coupling rod 62 are connected to a common axis 61.
  • the knife 50 is shown in the pivoted-in position.
  • the piston rod 65 is extended and the connecting lines between the axes 56 and 58 respectively. 53 and 55 are approximately at a 30 ° angle to a straight line connecting axes 56 and 53.
  • the support plate 59 is thus over the dead center (at which the axes 56, 58, 53, 55 are on a common line) inwards (ie against the rail clamping axis) pivoted.
  • the distance of the corner point 52 from the axis 55 and the axis 55 from the axis 53 is so far removed that the frictional forces when deburring to a torque pressing the knife 50 onto the rail (with respect to axis 53).
  • the support plate 59 is at the bottom, the coupling rod 62 in the middle and the lifting cylinder 64 (in the vertical direction) at the top.
  • the support plate 59 in the present embodiment is not flat, but has a ramp-like intermediate piece. This makes it possible to arrange the connection with the axis 58 higher than that with the axis 69.
  • the depth or. The height of the axis 69 is in fact determined by the underside of the rail profile, which must also be discounted. The overall height of the rear part of the trimming device can thus be kept lower than that of the front part.
  • the rail welding system is lowered onto the abutting ends of the rails 5a, 5b.
  • the rails enter the openings provided in the adjustment profiles 33.1, 33.2, 34.1, 34.2.
  • All press cylinders (cf. e.g. reference numbers 20.1, 20.2 in FIG. 5) are subjected to a relatively low pressure, so that the clamping beams (cf. 19.1, 19.2 in Fig. 4) are only lightly pressed onto the rails.
  • the clamping bars are pressed upwards against the spindle tip (cf. reference number 31 in FIG. 4) by actuating the lifting cylinder (cf. reference number 24 in FIG. 4). This means that the two rail ends are height-adjusted.
  • the third is the adjustment to the driving edge.
  • the eccentric presses facing away from the driving edge are subjected to great pressure, so that the two rail ends are pressed against the side walls of the adjustment profiles 33.1, 33.2, 34.1, 34.2 on the side of the driving edge.
  • the eccentric presses on the side of the driving edge are not switched to full power in order not to influence the adjustment. It is of course important to ensure that the rails are still held with sufficient force so that they cannot move during the subsequent longitudinal movements.
  • the rail part held by the clamping system of the slide is centered with respect to the adjustment aids and becomes the Deburring knife (cf. reference number 50 in FIG. 8) is placed on the rail 5b by actuating the corresponding lifting cylinder (cf. reference number 64 in FIG. 8).
  • the eccentric presses of the slide are released and, with a strong advance of the press cylinder 11, the slide 2 with the trimming knives is pushed over the welding point. This removes the excess material from the rail joint. It goes without saying that the burring is carried out immediately after the upset blow that concludes the welding within a very short time.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment shown in the figures. Both the pulling device for pulling the rails and the clamping device, the trimming device and / or the electrode arrangement can be designed differently than shown.
  • the invention has created an extremely compact and powerful rail welding system for mobile use.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Resistance Welding (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Installation de soudage en bout par étincelage pour le soudage de pièces à traiter profilées, notamment de rails et de tubes, comprenant
    a) deux systèmes de serrage déplaçables l'un par rapport à l'autre pour retenir fermement et positionner les pièces à traiter profilées sur un axe géométrique de serrage des pièces à traiter, les systèmes de serrage étant accessibles à partir d'un premier côté, perpendiculairement à l'axe de serrage des pièces à traiter, et
    b) un dispositif pour décaler les systèmes de serrage, notamment pour comprimer les pièces à traiter profilées lors du soudage,
    c) au moins un générateur de force de compression (11), qui peut tourner (14) avec un système de serrage (14.1) et coopère avec l'autre système de serrage (14.2) par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un levier (8), pour déplacer les systèmes de serrage (14.1, 14.2),
    et dans lequel
    d) le générateur de force de compression (11) est disposé sur un second côté accessible, qui est diamétralement opposé au premier côté par rapport à l'axe (17) de serrage des pièces à traiter, et travaille essentiellement dans la direction de l'axe (17) des pièces à traiter, et
    e) le levier (8) coopère, tout en pouvant tourner, avec le second système de serrage (14.2) en un point (9) d'application de force, situé à proximité de l'axe (17) de serrage de la pièce à traiter,
    caractérisée en ce que
    f) le dispositif servant à déplacer les systèmes de serrage comporte un chariot (2), qui est monté de manière à être translatable linéairement dans un boîtier (1) et avec lequel le levier (8) est relié d e manière à pouvoir tourner au niveau du point (9) d'application de la force, et au moins une barre de traction (6a,6b) qui est fixée (7a,13) de manière à pouvoir tourner d'une part sur le boitier (1) et d'autre part au centre de rotation du levier (8).
  2. Installation de soudage en bout par étincelage, notamment selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par des électrodes de contact (32.1, 32.2) qui sont agencées de telle sorte qu'un contact est établi sur la pièce à traiter profilée (30a,30b,30c), au niveau des faces extérieures de sa tête (30a) et/ou de sa base (30b).
  3. Installation de soudage en bout par étincelage selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les électrodes de contact (32.1, 32.2) forment respectivement des ouvertures fixes, approximativement en forme de V, servant à loger les pièces à traiter profilées (5a,5b).
  4. Installation de soudage en bout par étincelage, notamment selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée par un dispositif d'ébarbage comportant des couteaux (50) pouvant être appliqués et écartés et qui, dans la position écartée, sont supportés dans ou en arrière d'un plan défini par la face avant, tournée vers le point de soudage, d'une électrode de contact (32.1, 32.2), ainsi que sur le côté extérieur des électrodes de contact (32.1, 32.2).
  5. Installation de soudage en bout par étincelage selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que, dans leur position d'application, les couteaux (50) s'appliquent sur les électrodes de contact (32.1, 32.2) et, lors de l'ébarbage, les électrodes de contact (32.1, 32.2) sont repoussées, conjointement avec les couteaux (50), au-delà de la zone du joint soudé, au moyen du générateur de force de compression (11).
  6. Installation de soudage en bout par étincelage, notamment selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que les systèmes de serrage comprennent des presses à excentrique (15.1, ..., 15.4, 16.1, ... 16.4).
  7. Installation de soudage en bout par étincelage selon la revendication 6 pour le soudage au moins de pièces à traiter profilées semblables à des rails, caractérisée en ce que le système de serrage comporte, comme presses à excentrique (15.1, ..., 15.4, 16.1,, ..., 16.4), des arbres montés perpendiculairement à l'axe de serrage des pièces à traiter et comportant des barres de serrage (19.1, 19.2) montées de façon excentrique et servant à serrer les pièces à traiter profilées, les barres de serrage (19.1, 19.2) pouvant basculer autour d'un axe parallèle à l'axe de serrage des pièces à traiter et s'appliquant contre une barrette profilée (30b) au-dessous d'une tête profilée (30a) de la pièce à traiter profilée.
  8. Installation de soudage en bout par étincelage selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu un vérin (24) orienté perpendiculairement à l'axe de serrage des pièces à traiter et qui actionne les barres de serrage pivotantes (19.1, 19.2), au moyen de barres de traction (27).
  9. Installation de soudage en bout par étincelage selon l'une des revendications 7 et 8, caractérisée en ce que le système de serrage utilisé pour le serrage d'une pièce à traiter profilée comprend deux presses à excentriques comportant chacune deux arbres excentriques (15.1, ..., 15.4) et que respectivement deux arbres excentriques (15.1 et 15.2 ou 15.3 et 15.4), disposés sur le même côté de l'axe de serrage (17), sont entraînés par un vérin de presse commun (20.1, 20.2) qui attaque (21.1 ou 21.2; 21.3 ou 21.4) par une extrémité un arbre d'excentrique et par l'autre extrémité l'autre arbre d'excentrique (15.1 ou 15.2; 15.3 ou 15.4).
  10. Installation de soudage en bout par étincelage, notamment selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que pour l'ajustement des extrémités devant être soudées des pièces à traiter profilées (5a, 5b), il est prévu au moins quatre profilés d'ajustement (33.1, 33.2, 34.1, 34.2), qui sont disposés le long de l'axe (17) de serrage des pièces à traiter et qui forment chacun au moins une butée de forme anguleuse.
  11. Installation de soudage en bout par étincelage selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que deux de ces profilés d'ajustement (34.1, 34.2) sont agencés sous la forme d'électrodes de contact (32.1, 32.2).
EP93115052A 1992-11-09 1993-09-18 Appareillage pour le sondage par étincelage bout-à-bout Expired - Lifetime EP0597215B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3458/92 1992-11-09
CH345892 1992-11-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0597215A1 EP0597215A1 (fr) 1994-05-18
EP0597215B1 true EP0597215B1 (fr) 1996-11-27

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ID=4256383

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US (1) US5389760A (fr)
EP (1) EP0597215B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3541852B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1034403C (fr)
AT (1) ATE145574T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2107923C (fr)
DE (1) DE59304608D1 (fr)

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US6621037B2 (en) 1997-10-16 2003-09-16 Magna International Inc. Welding material with conductive sheet and method
US6713707B2 (en) 1997-10-16 2004-03-30 Magna International, Inc. Welding material and method without carrier
US6689982B2 (en) 1997-10-16 2004-02-10 Magna International, Inc. Apparatus and method for welding aluminum tubes
US6163003A (en) * 1998-06-12 2000-12-19 Chemetron-Railway Products, Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling forging force during flash butt welding of railway rails
US6566624B2 (en) * 2000-03-03 2003-05-20 Magna International Inc. Welding assembly with nestable conductive ends
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JP3595805B2 (ja) * 2001-08-07 2004-12-02 キヤノン株式会社 刺激応答性組成物、並びに該組成物を用いた画像形成方法および装置
AT5203U3 (de) * 2002-01-28 2003-01-27 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Schweissaggregat
AT6941U3 (de) * 2004-02-23 2005-03-25 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Schweissaggregat zur verschweissung von zwei schienen eines gleises und verfahren
EP1690624B1 (fr) * 2005-02-15 2014-01-01 Vaia Car S.p.A. Accessoire pour tête de soudage pour soudage de rails et méthode de fabrication.
EP1927423B1 (fr) * 2006-11-29 2009-12-23 Titan Italia S.p.A. Dispositif de verrouillage
AT505814B1 (de) * 2007-09-20 2009-06-15 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Schweissaggregat zum verschweissen zweier schienen eines gleises
AT507243B1 (de) * 2008-08-04 2010-06-15 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Schweissaggregat zum verschweissen von schienen eines gleises
US9168608B2 (en) 2009-04-16 2015-10-27 Davide Vaia Welding head for rail welding
CN101602138B (zh) * 2009-06-30 2011-07-13 常州市瑞泰工程机械有限公司 钢轨闪光焊机
UA101539C2 (ru) * 2011-07-08 2013-04-10 Институт Электросварки Им. Е.О. Патона Нан Украины Машина для контактной стыковой сварки рельсов
TW201318741A (zh) * 2011-11-07 2013-05-16 Homn Reen Entpr Co Ltd 碰焊機裝置
US20130312340A1 (en) * 2012-05-25 2013-11-28 William Cole Miller Post hole support
CN103817422B (zh) * 2014-03-13 2016-01-20 张家口北方对焊机有限公司 钢坯自动闪光对焊机
CA2957613C (fr) * 2014-10-01 2022-10-18 Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gesellschaft M.B.H. Unite de rechargement des abouts de rails avec leviers de serrage excentriques a came
AT518319B1 (de) 2016-02-04 2018-02-15 Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh Schweißaggregat zum Verschweißen von Schienen eines Gleises
AT15368U1 (de) * 2016-04-01 2017-07-15 Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh Schweißaggregat zum Verschweißen zweier Schienen eines Gleises
CN110253126B (zh) * 2019-07-23 2024-01-12 上海嘉朗实业南通智能科技有限公司 一种半自动闪光对焊机
IT201900019750A1 (it) * 2019-10-24 2021-04-24 Danieli Off Mecc Macchina di saldatura e relativo metodo
RU2748185C1 (ru) * 2020-07-15 2021-05-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Современные сварочные технологии Машина подвесная для стыковой сварки рельсов
CN113478109B (zh) * 2021-06-16 2023-05-26 安徽博微智能电气有限公司 一种可调式激光雕刻用角度定位夹具
CN113414480B (zh) * 2021-07-23 2022-10-11 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 消除75kg/m过共析钢轨移动闪光焊接头过烧缺陷的方法

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US4414454A (en) * 1981-08-13 1983-11-08 H. A. Schlatter Ag Method of welding continuous rails and apparatus therefor
EP0326793A1 (fr) * 1988-02-01 1989-08-09 Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen-Industriegesellschaft m.b.H. Machine pour souder électriquement bout à bout les deux extrémités en contact mutuel dans l'intervalle de voie d'une voie posée
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US8658935B2 (en) 2008-12-24 2014-02-25 Chemetron-Railway Products, Inc. Welding process with jerk compensation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59304608D1 (de) 1997-01-09
CA2107923A1 (fr) 1994-05-10
CN1090528A (zh) 1994-08-10
CN1034403C (zh) 1997-04-02
ATE145574T1 (de) 1996-12-15
CA2107923C (fr) 2005-08-16
EP0597215A1 (fr) 1994-05-18
US5389760A (en) 1995-02-14
JPH06226454A (ja) 1994-08-16
JP3541852B2 (ja) 2004-07-14

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