EP0578121B1 - Procédé de mesure et de régulation de la pression dans le ballonnet d'un tube trachéal - Google Patents

Procédé de mesure et de régulation de la pression dans le ballonnet d'un tube trachéal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0578121B1
EP0578121B1 EP93110431A EP93110431A EP0578121B1 EP 0578121 B1 EP0578121 B1 EP 0578121B1 EP 93110431 A EP93110431 A EP 93110431A EP 93110431 A EP93110431 A EP 93110431A EP 0578121 B1 EP0578121 B1 EP 0578121B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
sealing cuff
regulating
cuff
compressed air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93110431A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0578121A1 (fr
Inventor
Werner Dr. Pothmann
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Poock-Haffmans
Bastian Dr. Steinberg
Dirk Prof. Dr. Harms
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vincorion Advanced Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
ESW Extel Systems Wedel Gesellschaft fuer Ausruestung mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ESW Extel Systems Wedel Gesellschaft fuer Ausruestung mbH filed Critical ESW Extel Systems Wedel Gesellschaft fuer Ausruestung mbH
Publication of EP0578121A1 publication Critical patent/EP0578121A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0578121B1 publication Critical patent/EP0578121B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0434—Cuffs
    • A61M16/044—External cuff pressure control or supply, e.g. synchronisation with respiration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/021—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes operated by electrical means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and to an apparatus for performing the method.
  • the cuff fulfills two essential tasks, on the one hand it enables gas-tight ventilation, and on the other hand it avoids the aspiration of liquid from the patient's oral cavity into his respiratory tract. In order to fulfill these tasks, a fixed cuff pressure of 20-20 mbar is usually chosen.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cuff cuff arrangement described in DE-GBM 91 04 637 for sealing a cuff 12 of a tube 10 inserted into the trachea of a patient.
  • the arrangement has a compressed air reservoir 14, a pressure line 16 leading from the compressed air reservoir 14 to the collar 12, an electrically controllable supply air valve 18, an electrically controllable exhaust air valve 20, and a pressure sensor measuring the pressure in the collar 12 22 and a control unit 24.
  • the compressed air reservoir 14 is supplied with compressed air from a compressed air source via a reducing valve 26, the reducing valve being set to a value which is well above the normal pressure in the cuff sleeve but below the pressure which leads to the cuff sleeve tearing could.
  • the control unit 24 measures the pressure in the cuff cuff 10 via the pressure sensor 22 and compares this actual pressure with a target pressure calculated by the control unit 24, the target pressure being the history of the pressure course and the current course of the pressure drop or should take into account the increase. If the pressure is too low, the device 24 controls the supply air valve 18, the pressure in the cuff cuff 10 is increased by the connection made to the compressed air reservoir 14. On the other hand, if the actual pressure exceeds the target pressure, the exhaust air valve 20 is activated, the cuff cuff 12 is connected to the outside air, and the pressure in the cuff cuff is reduced accordingly.
  • the invention is based on the object of proposing a method for measuring and regulating the pressure in the sealing sleeve of a tracheal tube, by means of which a constant pressure of the sealing sleeve against the patient's trachea is achieved even with large and steep increases in pressure, for example caused by coughing from the patient's cough gas-tight ventilation and in order to prevent the aspiration of liquids from the patient's oral cavity into his respiratory tract.
  • control device detects large and steep pressure increases which deviate from the nominal pressure in the sealing sleeve and as an expected widening of the trachea and consequently as a drop in the pressure in the sealing sleeve be evaluated that the control device increases the pressure prevailing in the sealing collar by adding air for a limited and defined period of time, and that the pressure present in the sealing collar is then controlled at a lower control speed against the original nominal pressure.
  • a device for carrying out the method according to the invention is claimed in claim 7, while subclaims 8 to 10 contain further developments of the device according to the invention.
  • the device shown in FIG. 2 differs from the known cuff sleeve arrangement according to FIG. 1 in particular by a simplified illustration of the device for generating pressure 1, by illustrated operating elements 2, by an autonomous processor monitoring unit 3 and by a seal sleeve 4 in the immediate vicinity of the tracheal tube 5 arranged pressure sensor 6.
  • the pressure sensor 6 is arranged in a second compressed air line 7, which is connected to the sealing sleeve 4 in addition to the compressed air line 8 connecting the sealing sleeve 4 to the supply air or exhaust air valve 18 or 20.
  • the cross sections of the compressed air lines 7 and 8 are chosen such that an optimal control behavior is achieved becomes.
  • the pressure prevailing in the sealing sleeve 4 is increased in a predictive manner for a limited and defined period of time.
  • the sealing sleeve pressure is then regulated at a lower regulating speed against the original nominal pressure.
  • sealing sleeve pressure exceeds or falls below programmable alarm thresholds, an alarm is triggered.
  • Leakages and micro-leaks are recognized via the balancing of supplied and removed air and communicated via alarm signals.
  • All control and alarm thresholds can be set via a user menu. This allows the device to be adapted to individual needs.
  • two predefined programs can be called up, for standard use in adults (adult menu and in children (children's menu).

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé pour la mesure et la régulation de la pression dans la garniture cylindrique d'étanchéité gonflable (4) d'un tube trachéal (5), introduit dans la trachée-artère d'un patient, de préférence pour obtenir une pression constante de la garniture cylindrique (4) contre la trachée-artère en vue d'obtenir une respiration étanche au gaz et artificielle du patient et en vue d'empêcher le patient d'aspirer des liquides depuis la cavité buccale par ses voies respiratoires, en utilisant un dispositif de réglage (6, 9) qui reçoit la valeur réelle, mesurée par un capteur de pression (6), de la pression régnant dans la garniture d'étanchéité (4), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de réglage (6, 9) détecte des montées de pression rapides et importantes, qui s'écartent de la pression nominale dans la garniture d'étanchéité (4) et qui sont analysées en tant qu'élargissement prévisible de la trachée-artère et, à partir de là, en tant que chute de pression dans la garniture d'étanchéité (4), en ce que le dispositif de réglage (6, 9) augmente, de manière prévisionnelle, la pression régnant dans la garniture d'étanchéité (4) par apport d'air pendant une période de temps définie et limitée et en ce qu'ensuite, la pression présente dans la garniture d'étanchéité (4), est régulée avec une petite vitesse de réglage à l'encontre de la pression nominale d'origine.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, si la pression dans la garniture d'étanchéité (4) dépasse ou est inférieure à des seuils de pression d'alarme, une alarme se déclenche.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les seuils de pression d'alarme sont programmables.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que les seuils de pression d'alarme et de réglage sont réglés par l'intermédiaire d'un menu utilisateur adapté au patient (programmation variable).
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que les seuils d'alarme et de réglage sont réglés par l'intermédiaire d'un menu standard.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un menu standard pour adulte et un menu standard pour enfant sont utilisés.
  7. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre d'un procédé pour la mesure et le réglage de la pression dans la garniture d'étanchéité gonflable (4) d'un tube trachéal (5), introduit dans la trachée-artère d'un patient, se composant d'un dispositif de génération d'air comprimé (1), d'une conduite d'amenée (8) d'air comprimé à la garniture (4), d'une soupape d'air amené (18) commandée électriquement, d'une soupape d'air d'échappement (20) commandée électriquement, d'un capteur de pression (6) mesurant la pression dans la garniture (4) et d'une unité de commande,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de réglage (6, 9) détecte des montées de pression rapides et importantes, qui s'écartent de la pression nominale dans la garniture d'étanchéité (4) et qui sont analysées en tant qu'élargissement prévisible de la trachée-artère et, à partir de là, en tant que chute de pression dans la garniture d'étanchéité (4),
    en ce que le dispositif de réglage (6, 9) augmente, de manière prévisionnelle la pression régnant dans la garniture d'étanchéité (4) par apport d'air pendant une période de temps définie et limitée et en ce que la pression, présente dans la garniture d'étanchéité (4), est régulée avec une petite vitesse de réglage à l'encontre de la pression nominale d'origine, et
    en ce que le capteur de pression (6) est disposé à proximité immédiate de la garniture d'étanchéité (4).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le capteur de pression est intégré à la garniture d'étanchéité (4).
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'une seconde conduite d'air comprimé (7) est raccordée à la garniture d'étanchéité (4) à côté de la conduite d'air comprimé (8) reliant la garniture d'étanchéité (4) à la soupape d'air amené et d'air d'échappement et en ce que la seconde conduite d'air comprimé (7) présente, à proximité immédiate de la garniture d'étanchéité (4), un capteur de pression (6) dont les signaux de mesure sont amenés à l'unité de commande (9).
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que les sections transversales des conduites d'air comprimé (7, 8) sont choisies de manière à obtenir un comportement de réglage optimal.
EP93110431A 1992-07-07 1993-06-30 Procédé de mesure et de régulation de la pression dans le ballonnet d'un tube trachéal Expired - Lifetime EP0578121B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4222220 1992-07-07
DE4222220A DE4222220A1 (de) 1992-07-07 1992-07-07 Verfahren zur Messung und Regelung des Druckes in der Dichtmanschette eines Trachealtubus

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0578121A1 EP0578121A1 (fr) 1994-01-12
EP0578121B1 true EP0578121B1 (fr) 1997-04-09

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP93110431A Expired - Lifetime EP0578121B1 (fr) 1992-07-07 1993-06-30 Procédé de mesure et de régulation de la pression dans le ballonnet d'un tube trachéal

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5361753A (fr)
EP (1) EP0578121B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4222220A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2100399T3 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5361753A (en) 1994-11-08
EP0578121A1 (fr) 1994-01-12
ES2100399T3 (es) 1997-06-16
DE4222220A1 (de) 1994-01-13
DE59306088D1 (de) 1997-05-15

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