EP0563770B1 - Ballast electronique - Google Patents

Ballast electronique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0563770B1
EP0563770B1 EP93104834A EP93104834A EP0563770B1 EP 0563770 B1 EP0563770 B1 EP 0563770B1 EP 93104834 A EP93104834 A EP 93104834A EP 93104834 A EP93104834 A EP 93104834A EP 0563770 B1 EP0563770 B1 EP 0563770B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
capacitor
resistor
inductance
fuse
fluorescent lamp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93104834A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0563770A1 (fr
Inventor
Johannes Frücht
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cooper Crouse Hinds GmbH
Original Assignee
CEAG Sicherheitstechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CEAG Sicherheitstechnik GmbH filed Critical CEAG Sicherheitstechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0563770A1 publication Critical patent/EP0563770A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0563770B1 publication Critical patent/EP0563770B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/285—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2851—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2855—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal lamp operating conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic ballast (EVG) according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • ballast is from the EP 0 257 600 B1 has become known; this ballast is specially designed for protection type "m" according to the European standard EN 50028 been.
  • the one realized and described there Circuit can be used with a single ballast for a fluorescent lamp as well as for a double ballast can be used for two fluorescent lamps.
  • This device is as follows: The mains voltage passes through a passive harmonic filter, after that rectified and sieved with a condenser. This DC voltage either becomes self-oscillating Half-bridge resonant circuit converter, as in EP 0 257 600 B1, or two independent, self-oscillating half-bridge resonant circuit converter provided, whose oscillation frequency is greater than or equal to 20 kHz and supplies the fluorescent lamp or lamps or supply.
  • the devices for use in hazardous areas in a certain type of protection e.g. B. in a sand encapsulation or encapsulation.
  • a certain type of protection e.g. B. in a sand encapsulation or encapsulation.
  • a single-pin fluorescent lamp with only a single pin as well as with a two-pin fluorescent lamp a special rotary socket, which these two pins Shorting in the socket is preheating the electrodes not allowed and also not technically possible.
  • preheatable electrodes are an ignition source for flammable gases that would cause explosions of the surrounding atmosphere when the vitreous breaks Fluorescent lamp could lead.
  • the safe ignition will in such lights because of the lack of preheating compensated by a higher starting voltage.
  • the resonant circuit according to EP 0 257 600 B1 a capacitor parallel to the fluorescent lamp, and the Parallel connection of the capacitor with the fluorescent lamp is a choke and a coupling capacitor (in the patent with L1 or C11) connected upstream; in the execution according to EP 0 257 600 B1 must a lamp fuse should be provided for the lamp.
  • the object of the invention is an electronic ballast of the type mentioned at the beginning, which complies with and complies with explosion protection regulations the familiar in the function and mode of action and significantly improved in particular with regard to security has been.
  • the winding be used to increase the line resistance, so the maximum current through the input fuses can be reduced.
  • the line resistance can also be done with a resistor in series with the fuse is switched and according to EN 50028 as safe component is designed, or by another limit safe component.
  • EN 50028 as safe component is designed, or by another limit safe component.
  • the passive harmonic filter lies in the circuits of the fuses part of the so-called harmonic choke. This sets consist of an inductive and an ohmic component together.
  • the ohmic part of the windings can be used when the harmonic choke is considered safe Component is executed. Accordingly, the harmonic choke trained in "increased safety" according to EN 50019 and the ohmic part of the windings is like this rated that the fuses instead of 4000 amps and only have to switch off only 35 amps.
  • each controllable Switch there is a resistor, the current limit of the current flowing to the base.
  • a resistor the current limit of the current flowing to the base.
  • these resistors warmed. Accordingly, according to claim 3 one of these resistors a temperature sensitive fuse in the form of a PTC thermistor or a temperature fuse assigned.
  • this resistance carries too high a current, it leads that to a heating of the resistance, and with one Inadmissibly high heating increases the resistance value the PTC thermistor or releases the temperature fuse and interrupts the control to the controllable Switches so that the lamp current is switched off. If a double ballast is provided, only one Branch broken and the other branch can be normal continue working. If a PTC thermistor is provided, can after replacing the defective fluorescent lamp, the defective one Continue branching normally.
  • ballast If the ballast is potted, then it is on make sure, for example, in the event of a defective shutdown no unacceptable warming may occur. This will do so avoided that according to claim 4 electrically in Row of input fuses between these and the Inductors and thermally-spatially the controllable A temperature-sensitive fuse element is assigned to each switch is provided, which is mechanical with the cooling lugs of the controllable switches is connected.
  • the only figure shows a circuit arrangement, in which the invention is implemented.
  • the network input is shown on the left with the network terminals L and N, to each of which a fuse F1 and F2 is connected, to which a passive harmonic filter, generally designated by the reference number 20, connects that consists of an inductor L 4 and a capacitor C. 1 exists.
  • a temperature-sensitive fuse F 3 is located between the fuse F 1 and the inductance L 4 of the harmonic filter 20 and in series therewith.
  • In parallel with this capacitor C 1 there is a resistor R 23 and in parallel with the resistor R 23 there is a rectifier circuit V 1 , which is designed as a two-way rectifier and shows a bridge circuit of four diodes.
  • capacitors C 2 and C 3 are capacitors between the network terminal L and earth (identified by the usual earth symbol) behind the resistor R 23 , and between that of the network terminal N and earth, before the resistor R 23 .
  • Parallel to the rectifier circuit V1 is an electrolytic capacitor C 12 and, in turn, a series circuit of two resistors R 21 and R 1 and a capacitor C 5 ; for this purpose, a series circuit comprising a resistor R 2 and a capacitor C 4 is in turn connected in parallel.
  • a line 12 is connected between the resistor R 1 and the capacitor C 5 , which contains a first limiting resistor R 4 and a diode V 6 and which is connected to a resonant circuit 13 (see below). Between the first limiting resistor R 4 and the anode of the diode V 6 is connected one leg of a threshold switch V 7 designed as a diac, the other leg of which is connected to the base of a first controllable switch V 26 .
  • a line 11 connects between the resistor R 2 and the capacitor C 4 , in which a series connection of a resistor R 3 and a diode V 5 is connected and which is connected to the base of a second controllable switch V 25 .
  • the cathode of the diode V 5 connects to the resistor R 3 .
  • a line 14 which, with the interposition of a second limiting resistor R 10 , a temperature fuse F 4 and a Zener diode V 14, is likewise connected to the base thereof of the second controllable switch V 25 with its array.
  • this line 14 there is an auxiliary winding L 12 of a limiting choke L 1 (see below) and an inductor L 2 , which is connected in series with the auxiliary winding L 12 .
  • a resistor R 7 is located parallel to the series connection of the inductor L 2 and the auxiliary winding L 12 and the second limiting resistor R 10 is connected in series with the inductor L 12 .
  • a diode V 9 and a Zener diode V 10 are connected between the connection point of the resistor R 7 to the line section 14 and the resistor R 10 .
  • a resistor R 61 is connected and a series connection of two resistors R 11 and R 62 , the resistor R 11 being connected to the line 14.
  • the common connection point of the Zener diode V 10 and the resistors R 61 and R 62 is connected via a Zener diode V 30 and a resistor R 8 and a further Zener diode V 4 with its cathode to the positive pole of the rectifier circuit V 1 .
  • the common connection point of the resistors R 61 and R 62 and the Zener diode V 10 is connected to the base of a transistor V 24 , the collector of which is connected between the temperature-sensitive fuse element F 4 and the cathode of the Zener diode V 14 on line 14 and whose emitter is on the line 12 connects.
  • a diode V 11 In parallel to the collector-emitter path of transistor V 24 there is a diode V 11 with its cathode on the collector.
  • An electrolytic capacitor C 13 and a resistor R 9 are connected in parallel with the Zener diode V 14 .
  • a capacitor C 7 is located between the base of transistor V 24 and the emitter of controllable switch V 25 .
  • a diode V 13 is located parallel to the collector of transistor V 25 and the positive pole of rectifier V 1 .
  • a diode V 12 is connected between the positive pole of the rectifier circuit V 1 and the collector of the controllable switch V 25 .
  • the cathode of the diode V 12 closes at the collector of the switch V 25 and that of the diode V 13 at its emitter.
  • the cathode of a diode V 18 and the first controllable switch V 26 whose emitter is connected to the negative pole of the rectifier circuit V 1, are connected to the emitter of the controllable switch V 25 or to the line 12.
  • the base of the controllable switch V 26 also connects via a line 15 to the negative pole of the rectifier V 1 , in which line 15 a Zener diode V 17 with its anode at the base of the switch V 26 , a resistor R 15 , a further inductance L 3 and a second auxiliary winding of the limiting choke L 1 connects.
  • a resistor R 13 is located in parallel with the series connection of the inductance L 3 and the second auxiliary winding L 11 .
  • the series connection of two resistors R 14 and R 65 is also parallel to the resistor R 64 , R 14 being connected to the cable 15; the common connection point of the resistor R 14 and the cathode of the diode V 16 is connected to the base of a transistor V 27 ;
  • a diode V 20 is located parallel to its collector-emitter path, the collector being connected between the resistor R 15 and the Zener diode V 17 on the line 15 and the emitter of the transistor V 27 at the negative pole of the rectifier V 1 .
  • a capacitor C 8 is connected between the base of transistor V 27 and the emitter of controllable switch V 26 .
  • the threshold switch or the diac V 7 is connected between the Zener diode V 17 and the base of the controllable switch V 26 and in parallel with the Zener diode V 17 there is an electrolytic capacitor C 14 and in parallel with a resistor R 16 .
  • the resonant circuit 13 is formed from a capacitance C 10 , which is connected in parallel to the fluorescent lamp 10, and the limiting choke L 1, which is in series therewith and is located in the line 12;
  • a capacitor C 9 is connected in parallel with the collector-emitter path of the controllable switch V 26 or the diode V 19 , and a capacitor C 11 is located between the capacitor C 10 and the limiting inductor L 1 .
  • a series connection of a diode V 21 , a Zener diode V 22 and a resistor R 18 connects, the other leg of which is divided into three lines 16, 17, 18, of which the line 16 a threshold switch V 23 and a resistor R 19 , the line 17 have a resistor R 20 and the line 18 have an electrolytic capacitor C 15 ; whose other legs are again connected to the negative pole of the rectifier circuit V 1 .
  • the gate of a thyristor V 8 is connected to the free leg of the resistor R 19 via a line 19; There is a resistor R 5 between the gate and the cathode and a capacitor C 6 in parallel therewith and the anode is connected between the resistor R 2 and the capacitor C 4 .
  • Resistor R 10 is assigned a temperature-sensitive fuse F 4 in the form of a PTC thermistor or a thermal fuse.
  • the fuse F 3 is thermally and spatially assigned to the controllable switches V 25 and V 26 , as indicated by the broken line 23 and the edges 21 and 22.
  • the fuse F 3 is assigned to the cooling vanes of the controllable Schlater V 25 , V 26 .
  • Mains voltage is present at the network terminals L, N.
  • the mains voltage is filtered in the harmonic filter formed from the inductor L 4 and the capacitor C 1 , rectified in the rectifier circuit V 1 and sieved through the capacitor C 12 , which is designed as an electrolytic capacitor.
  • the capacitor C 5 charges via the resistors R 1 and R 21 .
  • the diac V 7 switches through and outputs a current pulse limited by the resistor R 4 on the basis of the controllable switch V 26 , which is designed as a transistor, so that it becomes briefly conductive.
  • the capacitor C 9 had previously been charged to the rectified mains voltage via the resistors R 17 and R 12 . Due to the short-term conduction of the transistor V 26 , the resonant circuit 13, which contains the inductance or the limiting inductor L 1 and the capacitance C 10 , is triggered from the capacitor C 9 with the aid of the capacitor charging.
  • the limiting inductor L 1 has the control windings L 11 and L 12 , which are switched when the resonant circuit vibrations begin so that the transistors V 26 , V 25 alternately become conductive. As a result, the circuit continues to oscillate independently and, owing to the high resonance voltage at the capacitor C 10 , the fluorescent lamp 10 is ignited. The lamp current is limited by the limiting choke L 1 .
  • the reactive current from the limiting choke L 1 flows back to the capacitor C 12 via the diodes V 13 , V 19 .
  • the diodes V 12 and V 18 prevent the inverse operation of the transistors V 25 and V 26, respectively. If the resonant circuit vibrates, then further control signals are suppressed since the capacitor C 5 is continuously discharged via the diode V 6 in time with the oscillation frequency.
  • the voltage coming from the limiting choke L 1 results in a current through the inductance L 3 , the resistors R 15 and R 16 into the base of the transistor V 26 .
  • the voltage drop across resistor R 16 charges capacitor C 14 , which is limited by Zener diode V 17 to a voltage value which is approximately 5.6 volts.
  • the capacitor C 8 charges via the resistors R 64 , R 15 , R 14 and R 65 .
  • the transistor V 27 becomes conductive and, with the aid of the capacitor charge of the capacitor C 14 , switches a negative voltage to the base of the transistor V 26 , which changes into the blocking state, as a result of which the voltage direction at the Inductor L 1 reverses, so that the winding of the limiting inductor switches a positive voltage, which then controls the other transistor V 25 in the conductive state.
  • the resistors R 11 and R 14 are wire jumpers and are used to adjust the power of the electronic ballast. If the output power is too low, the wire bridges are severed, as a result of which the charging time of the capacitor C 8 is increased and the frequency is reduced. This results in a higher output current or a higher output power of the electronic ballast.
  • the capacitor C 15 charges via the diode V 21 , the diode V 22 and the resistor R 18 . After about three seconds, a voltage of 32 volts is reached, so that the diac breaks through V 23 and a current pulse flows, which flows through the resistor R 19 into the gate of the thyristor V 8 , which is turned on and through the resistor R 3 and the diode V 5 switches the transistor V 25 into the blocking state. As a result, the converter is switched off, thereby avoiding an impermissibly long voltage load on the lines coming from the ballast.
  • the holding current for the thyristor V 8 supplies the rectified mains voltage via the resistor R 2 . After briefly interrupting the terminals L, N, the device is ready to start again.
  • the voltage time area of the bre limiting choke L 1 on the control windings L 11 and L 12 is measured with the aid of an integration element which consists of the two components, the resistor R 64 and the capacitor C 8 , is composed, measured.
  • the result is that when the DC voltage increases due to the higher mains voltage, the transistor V 26 is switched off earlier. A relatively stable oscillation frequency of the transducer is thus achieved.
  • the Zener diodes V 2 , V 3 and the resistor R 6 serve as a further measure for stabilizing the lamp and thus also the luminous flux. If the Zener voltage is exceeded, an additional current flows into the capacitor C 8 . As a result, transistor V 27 becomes more conductive and switches transistor V 26 off earlier. In the control circuit of the transistor V 25 , the diode V 4 , V 30 and the resistor R 8 do this. As a result, the oscillation frequency changes as the input voltage increases, which means that the lamp current remains relatively stable.
  • the switched between the fuse F 1 and the inductance L 4 fuse F 3 is connected in accordance with thermally-spatially the line of action 23 to the controllable switches V 25 and V 26, so that heating of the two control switches V 25 and V 26 leads to the fuse responding.
  • a temperature-limiting element F 4 which can also be either a fuse or a PTC thermistor, so that the controllable switch V 25 is switched off.
  • the capacitor C 11 which is designed according to the invention as a safe capacitor and thus as a film capacitor, helps to make the resonance circuit 13 safe, so that a fuse, such as is present in the ballast according to EP 0 257 600 A1, can be omitted .

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Ballast électronique pour le fonctionnement d'au moins une lampe fluorescente (10), un tube fluorescent TLX ou d'un tube fluorescent pourvu d'un culot à deux broches et comportant une douille tournante particulière, dans des lampes protégées contre les risques d'explosion ou contre le grisou, comportant un circuit résonnant (13), qui est constitué par une inductance (L1) agencée sous la forme d'une bobine de réactance de limitation, et par une capacité (C10) branchée en parallèle avec le tube fluorescent, et qui commande alternativement deux interrupteurs commandables (V25,V26) de sorte qu'après le déclenchement de l'oscillation du circuit résonnant, ce dernier continue à osciller de façon automatique, ce qui a pour effet que la tension de résonance présente aux bornes de la capacité (C10) amorce la lampe (10), et comportant une autre capacité (C11) disposée dans le circuit résonnant (13) et branchée en série avec le tube fluorescent (10) et avec la capacité (C10), et comportant un circuit d'entrée (20) agencé sous la forme d'un filtre passif d'harmoniques et qui comporte respectivement un fusible d'entrée (F1, F2) et respectivement une inductance (L4) branchée en série avec ce fusible,
    caractérisé en ce
    que l'autre capacité (C11) est agencée en tant que condensateur sûr agencé sous la forme d'un condensateur à feuilles et que l'inductance (L4) possède un bobinage, dont le fil de bobinage est un fil vernis double et dont les spires sont dimensionnées de telle sorte que la résistance ohmique déterminée par les spires limite le courant d'entrée à des valeurs inférieures à environ 35 ampères, le ballast étant enrobé dans sa totalité avec une résine de coulée.
  2. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 1, comportant un circuit d'entrée agencé sous la forme d'un filtre passif d'harmoniques, et comportant respectivement un fusible d'entrée et respectivement une inductance branchée en série avec ce fusible, caractérisé en ce que l'inductance possède un bobinage dont le fil de bobinage est un fil vernis double et dont les spires sont dimensionnées de telle sorte que la résistance ohmique, déterminée par les spires, limite le courant d'entrée à des valeurs inférieures à environ 35 ampères.
  3. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, comportant respectivement une résistance située dans le conducteur d'alimentation aboutissant à la base des interrupteurs commandables, caractérisé en ce qu'un élément fusible sensible à la température est branché en série avec l'une des résistances et est associé à cette résistance du point de vue thermique et spatial.
  4. Ballast électronique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un fusible thermique respectif est branché électriquement en série avec les fusibles d'entrée, entre ces derniers et les inductances, en étant associé thermiquement et spatialement aux interrupteurs commandables.
EP93104834A 1992-03-30 1993-03-24 Ballast electronique Expired - Lifetime EP0563770B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4210373 1992-03-30
DE4210373A DE4210373A1 (de) 1992-03-30 1992-03-30 Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0563770A1 EP0563770A1 (fr) 1993-10-06
EP0563770B1 true EP0563770B1 (fr) 1998-03-04

Family

ID=6455416

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93104834A Expired - Lifetime EP0563770B1 (fr) 1992-03-30 1993-03-24 Ballast electronique

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EP (1) EP0563770B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4210373A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19518096A1 (de) * 1995-05-17 1996-11-21 Ceag Sicherheitstechnik Gmbh Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät und dessen Betriebsverfahren

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE6923424U (de) * 1969-06-12 1969-12-04 Stahl R Transformator-leuchte
DE2744049C2 (de) * 1977-09-30 1982-04-08 Fa. Walter Bauch, 1000 Berlin Zünd- und Betriebsgerät für Hochdruck-Entladungslampen
DE3034269A1 (de) * 1980-09-11 1982-03-25 Ernst Roederstein Spezialfabrik für Kondensatoren GmbH, 8300 Landshut Folienkondensator und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US4464606A (en) * 1981-03-25 1984-08-07 Armstrong World Industries, Inc. Pulse width modulated dimming arrangement for fluorescent lamps
DE3246454A1 (de) * 1982-12-15 1984-06-20 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Wechselrichter mit einem einen reihenresonanzkreis und eine entladungslampe enthaltenden lastkreis
DE3303374A1 (de) * 1983-02-02 1984-08-02 Rheintechnik Weiland & Kaspar Kg, 6680 Neunkirchen Stromversorgungsschaltung fuer leuchtstoffroehren
US4455509A (en) * 1983-05-16 1984-06-19 Crum Stephen T Intrinsically safe lighting system
DE3608615A1 (de) * 1986-03-14 1987-09-17 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Schaltungsanordnung zum betrieb von niederdruckentladungslampen
DK339586D0 (da) * 1986-07-16 1986-07-16 Silver Gruppen Prod As Elektronisk ballast
DE3628989A1 (de) * 1986-08-26 1988-03-03 Ceag Licht & Strom Elektronisches vorschaltgeraet
DE3710275A1 (de) * 1987-03-28 1988-10-06 Ceag Licht & Strom Anordnung zum starten und betrieb einer leuchtstofflampe
FI98876C (fi) * 1989-12-29 1997-08-25 Zumtobel Ag Kytkentälaite ja menetelmä kaasunpurkauslampun käyttämiseksi (ja sytytämiseksi)
DE4010112A1 (de) * 1989-12-29 1991-07-04 Zumtobel Ag Schaltungsanordnung und verfahren zum betreiben (und zuenden) einer gasentladungslampe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4210373A1 (de) 1993-10-07
EP0563770A1 (fr) 1993-10-06
DE59308191D1 (de) 1998-04-09

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