EP0556662B1 - Lubricant for refrigerating machine employing refrigerant comprising tetrafluoroethane - Google Patents

Lubricant for refrigerating machine employing refrigerant comprising tetrafluoroethane Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0556662B1
EP0556662B1 EP93101779A EP93101779A EP0556662B1 EP 0556662 B1 EP0556662 B1 EP 0556662B1 EP 93101779 A EP93101779 A EP 93101779A EP 93101779 A EP93101779 A EP 93101779A EP 0556662 B1 EP0556662 B1 EP 0556662B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
derivative
lubricant
olefin
poly
acid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93101779A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0556662A1 (en
Inventor
Tadashi c/o Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd. Katafuchi
Akira c/o Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd. Nakamura
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Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
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Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/02—Well-defined hydrocarbons
    • C10M105/06—Well-defined hydrocarbons aromatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/36—Esters of polycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/42—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at least three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compound: monohydroxy compounds, polyhydroxy compounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and hydroxy carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/02—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
    • C10M107/10—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation containing aliphatic monomer having more than 4 carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/68—Esters
    • C10M129/72—Esters of polycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/68—Esters
    • C10M129/74—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/68—Esters
    • C10M129/78—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at least three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compound: monohydroxy compounds, polyhydroxy compounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids, hydroxy carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
    • C10M2203/065—Well-defined aromatic compounds used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
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    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/50—Medical uses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2210/00—Fluid
    • F04C2210/26—Refrigerants with particular properties, e.g. HFC-134a

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lubricant for refrigerating machines employing a refrigerant comprising tetrafluoroethane. More particularly, it relates to a lubricant for refrigerating machines which is used along with substitute fluorohydrocarbon (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "flon compound”) such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a).
  • fluorohydrocarbon hereinafter sometimes referred to as "flon compound”
  • R-134a 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane
  • the lubricant is excellent in the performance such as wear resistance, electrical insulating properties, hydrolytic stability, nonhygroscopicity and the like and further has excellent returnability of the lubricant in a refrigerating cycle (characteristics that the lubricant is inclined to return to a compressor after it is circulated in the refrigerating cycle).
  • a flon compound including a fluorinated hydrocarbon such as dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12) and chlorodifluoromethane (R-22) has been used as the refrigerant.
  • a flon compound including a fluorinated hydrocarbon such as dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12) and chlorodifluoromethane (R-22) has been used as the refrigerant.
  • a flon compound including a fluorinated hydrocarbon such as dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12) and chlorodifluoromethane (R-22) has been used as the refrigerant.
  • R-12 dichlorodifluoromethane
  • R-22 chlorodifluoromethane
  • polyalkylene glycol compounds and ester compounds thereof both known as compatible with R-134a, have been found to have insufficient wear resistance, along with faulty electrical insulating properties. It has also been found that the polyalkylene glycol compounds are highly hygroscopic while the ester compounds thereof are unstable hydrolytically. Thus the demand for a solution in these problems has been raised in relevant industrial segments.
  • the present invention has been completed on the basis of a concept quite contrary to ordinary common knowledge as set forth above, in an effort to find the solution in the problems.
  • a substance excellent in wear resistance, insulation resistance and the like as the lubricant, compounding therewith a fluidity improver to improve the fluidity of the lubricant in the presence of a refrigerant (R134a and the like) and thus providing excellent returnability of the lubricant in a compression-type refrigerating cycle.
  • a lubricant combined even with a new refrigerant has all the required performance including excellent wear resistance, electrical insulating properties, hydrolytic stability and the like and further ensuring excellent returnability of the lubricant.
  • the present invention has been accomplished based on this finding.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a lubricant for refrigerating machines employing a refrigerant comprising tetrafluoroethane, which is excellent in the performance such as wear resistance, electrical insulating properties, hydrolytic stability, nonhygroscopicity and especially has excellent returnability of the lubricant.
  • the lubricant can be used in combination with a substitute flon refrigerant in a compression-type refrigerating cycle without a hitch.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a lubricant for refrigerating machines employing a refrigerant comprising tetrafluoroethane, which is especially effective when used in automobile or household air conditioners, refrigerators and the like, having high industrial usefulness.
  • the present invention provides a refrigerant composition
  • a refrigerant composition comprising a refrigerant selected from 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane or 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane; and lubricant which comprises as an essential component a base oil comprising (A) 40 to 95% by weight of a synthetic oil formed of a poly- ⁇ -olefin or a mixture of a poly- ⁇ -olefin and an alkylbenzene and (B) 5 to 60% by weight of a fluidity improver formed of at least one member, selected from an ester compound and a triglyceride.
  • the lubricant of the present invention can be suitably used in various refrigerating machines and ordinarily in a compression-type refrigerating cycle comprising a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator.
  • the lubricant of the present invention comprises the components (A) and (B) as the essential
  • the synthetic oil constituting the component (A) is a poly- ⁇ -olefin or a mixture of a poly- ⁇ -olefin and an alkylbenzene.
  • poly- ⁇ -olefins can be used and ordinarily are each a polymer of ⁇ -olefin having 8 to 14 carbon atoms and a kinematic viscosity of 10 to 350cSt at 40°C.
  • Preferred among them is a polymer of 1-dodecene, a polymer of 1-decene or a polymer of 1-octene, each having a kinematic viscosity of 10 to 350cSt at 40°C.
  • a lubricant containing a synthetic oil comprising such a poly- ⁇ -olefin has a lower viscosity at low temperatures to provide better returnability of the lubricant.
  • alkylbenzenes can be used as well and ordinarily are each an alkylbenzene having a kinematic viscosity of 5 to 500cSt, preferably 10 to 350cSt at 40°C. Either soft or hard alkylbenzene can be used provided that it meets the above-mentioned condition.
  • the alkylbenzene is not used singly but in the form of its mixture with said poly- ⁇ -olefin as the synthetic oil as the component (A) of the present invention.
  • the mixing ratio of the poly- ⁇ -olefin and the alkylbenzene is appropriately selected according to circumstances and is not particularly limited.
  • the mixture has a poly- ⁇ -olefin content of 5% or more by weight, more preferably 50% or more by weight of the mixture.
  • the fluidity improver acts to improve the fluidity of a hydrocarbonic compound at low temperatures (those of evaporator) in the presence of a small amount of a substitute flon refrigerant such as R-134a, so as to provide better returnability of the lubricant in a refrigerating cycle.
  • the kinematic viscosity of the fluidity improver is not particularly limited but ordinarily is 2 to 100cSt, preferably 3 to 50cSt at 40°C.
  • Typical examples of the fluidity improver include an ester compound, particularly an ester compound having at least 2 ester bonds.
  • a variety of these ester compounds can be used and an appropriate ester compound may be selected from them according to the intended use. Preferred among them is a reaction product as set forth in any of (I) to (V) below:
  • polybasic carboxylic acids 1 can be used herein, and their preferred examples include an aliphatic saturated dicarboxylic acid having 2 to 12 carbon atoms (oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanoic-2 acid and the like), an aliphatic unsaturated dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 14 carbon atoms (maleic acid, fumaric acid, alkenylsuccinic acid and the like) and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid having 8 carbon atoms (phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and the like), a dicarboxylic acid such as epoxide of epoxyhexahydrophthalic acid and a tribasic or higher carboxylic acid such as citric acid, trimellitic acid and pyromellitic acid. Examples of their derivative include monoester, diester, metal salt, anhydr
  • polyhydric alcohol 2 examples include glycols (ethylene glycol; diethylene glycol; triethylene glycol; tetraethylene glycol; polyethylene glycol; propylene glycol; dipropylene glycol; polypropylene glycol; 1,2-butylene glycol; 1,3-butylene glycol; 1,4-butylene glycol; 2,3-butylene glycol; polybutylene glycol; 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol; 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol and the like), glycerin, hindered alcohol (neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol and the like), sorbitol and sorbitan. Examples of their derivative include acid chloride, metal salt and the like.
  • monobasic fatty acids 3 can be used herein, and a monobasic fatty acid containing an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, particularly a branched alkyl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, and more particularly a branched alkyl group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable because of their marked effect on improving the fluidity of the lubricant.
  • acetic acid propionic acid; iso-propionic acid; butyric acid; iso-butyric acid; pivalic acid; n-valeric acid; iso-valeric acid; caproic acid; 2-ethylbutyric acid; n-caproic acid; 2-methylcaproic acid; n-heptylic acid; n-octanoic acid; 2-ethylhexanoic acid; 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid; nonanoic acid; tert-nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid; lauric acid and the like).
  • Examples of their derivatives include ester, metal salt, acid chloride, anhydride and the like.
  • Various monohydric aliphatic alcohols or their derivatives 4 can be used herein, and a monohydric aliphatic alcohol or its derivative containing an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, particularly a branched alkyl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms and more particularly a branched alkyl group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable because of their marked effect on improving the fluidity of the lubricant.
  • examples of their derivatives include chloride, metal salt and the like.
  • ester compound should have a predetermined kinematic viscosity and be a reaction product as set forth in any of (I) to (V) above.
  • the reaction product (I) can be obtained by reacting the compounds as enumerated in 1, 2 and 3 above.
  • reaction product (I) every detail of its structure has not necessarily been brought to light.
  • the reaction product (I) has a structure wherein 2 carboxyl groups of the polybasic carboxylic acid 1 (in the case with a derivative thereof, groups derived from the carboxyl groups; the same shall apply hereunder) each react to be bonded with a hydroxyl group of the polyhydric alcohol 2 (in the case with a derivative thereof, groups derived from the hydroxyl groups; the same shall apply hereunder) and further another hydroxyl group of this polyhydric alcohol 2 reacts to be bonded with a carboxyl group of the monobasic fatty acid 3. Meanwhile, the rest of carboxyl groups of the polybasic carboxylic acid 1 and the rest of hydroxyl groups of the polyhydric alcohol 2 may remain as the carboxyl group and hydroxyl group respectively, as they are or react with other functional groups.
  • the reaction product (II) can be obtained by reacting the compounds as enumerated in 1, 2 and 4 above.
  • the reaction product (II) every detail of its structure has not necessarily been brought to light. Ordinarily, however, the reaction product (II) has a structure wherein 2 hydroxyl groups of the polyhydric alcohol 2 each react to be bonded with a carboxyl group of the polybasic carboxylic acid 1 and further the remaining carboxyl group of this polybasic carboxylic acid 1 reacts to be bonded with a hydroxyl group of the monohydric aliphatic alcohol 4. Meanwhile, the rest of carboxyl groups of the polybasic carboxylic acid 1 and the rest of hydroxyl groups of the polyhydric alcohol 2 may remain as the carboxyl group and hydroxyl group respectively, as they are or react with other functional groups.
  • synthetic oils (A) and fluidity improvers (B) are mixed at a ratio by weight of 40 to 95%, desirably 5 to 90%, particularly desirably 55 to 90%, most desirably 60 to 90% of (A) to 5 to 60%, desirably 10 to 50%, particularly desirably 10 to 45%, most desirably 10 to 40%, respectively of (B).
  • the fluidity of the lubricant is undesirably not improved when less than 5% by weight of the fluidity improver is used, resulting in insufficient returnability of the lubricant.
  • wear resistance is undesirably lowered, accompanied by the degradation of the fundamental performance required of refrigerating machine lubricant including decrease in insulation resistance, worsening of hydrolytic stability, increase in hygroscopicity and the like.
  • the lubricant of the present invention comprises the synthetic oil (A) and the fluidity improver (B) as the essential component, but various additives can be incorporated therein as the need arises.
  • the additive include an anti-wear additive such as phosphoric acid ester and phosphorous acid ester, an antioxidant, a chlorine scavenger, a metal deactivator, a defoaming agent, a detergent-dispersant, a viscosity index improver, a rust preventive, a corrosion inhibitor and the like.
  • the lubricant for refrigerating machines employing a refrigerant comprising tetrafluoroethane, as claimed herein is excellent in the performance such as wear resistance, electrical insulating properties, hydrolytic stability, nonhygroscopicity and the like and especially has excellent returnability of the lubricant.
  • the lubricant can be used along with a substitute flon refrigerant in a compression-type refrigerating cycle without a hitch.
  • the lubricant of the present invention is especially effective when used in automobile or household air conditioner, refrigerator and the like, having high industrial usefulness.
  • the lubricants were evaluated by determining each aspect of their performance thereof in accordance with the following test method:

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP93101779A 1992-02-18 1993-02-05 Lubricant for refrigerating machine employing refrigerant comprising tetrafluoroethane Expired - Lifetime EP0556662B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP30529/92 1992-02-18
JP3052992 1992-02-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0556662A1 EP0556662A1 (en) 1993-08-25
EP0556662B1 true EP0556662B1 (en) 1997-05-02

Family

ID=12306333

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EP93101779A Expired - Lifetime EP0556662B1 (en) 1992-02-18 1993-02-05 Lubricant for refrigerating machine employing refrigerant comprising tetrafluoroethane

Country Status (7)

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EP (1) EP0556662B1 ( )
JP (1) JPH05295385A ( )
KR (1) KR0139611B1 ( )
AU (1) AU661756B2 ( )
DE (1) DE69310230T2 ( )
SG (1) SG84474A1 ( )
TW (1) TW235306B ( )

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2129380A1 (en) * 1993-08-11 1995-02-12 Kenichi Sanechika Lubricant oil composition comprising a fluorine-containing aromatic compound and an alkyl- or alkyl derivative-substituted aromatic compound, and a refrigerant composition containing the same
US5792383A (en) * 1994-09-07 1998-08-11 Witco Corporation Reduction of enterfacial tension between hydrocarbon lubricant and immiscible liquid refrigerant
NZ292709A (en) * 1994-09-07 1999-04-29 Witco Corp Refrigeration fluid containing fluorocarbon lubricant immiscible with the refrigerant, and an additive that reduces interfacial tension
US5866030A (en) * 1994-09-07 1999-02-02 Witco Corporation Enhanced hydrocarbon lubricants for use with immiscible refrigerants
US5648018A (en) * 1995-01-12 1997-07-15 Albemarle Corporation Ester/polyolefin refrigeration lubricant
JP3159896B2 (ja) * 1995-08-24 2001-04-23 ポリプラスチックス株式会社 ポリアリーレンサルファイド樹脂組成物
EP0882780A4 (en) * 1995-12-28 2000-08-16 Daikin Ind Ltd REFRIGERATION INSTALLATION OIL AND REFRIGERATOR OPERATING WITH IT
GB0105065D0 (en) * 2001-03-01 2001-04-18 Ici Plc Lubricant compositions
CN100455645C (zh) * 2001-11-19 2009-01-28 卢布里佐尔公司 含有多元醇酯和烷基苯的混合物的润滑组合物
US20030109389A1 (en) * 2001-11-30 2003-06-12 Wardlow Andrea Blandford Synthetic industrial oils made with "tri-synthetic" base stocks
ES2298755T3 (es) 2003-05-16 2008-05-16 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Control de acceso al medio en sistemas maestro-esclavo.
JP4809607B2 (ja) * 2005-01-11 2011-11-09 Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 組付け油、並びに冷凍空調機器の構成部品の組付け方法

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US3733850A (en) * 1970-01-16 1973-05-22 Chevron Res Refrigeration heat pump,and heat engine apparatus
DE2503613C3 (de) * 1975-01-29 1979-07-19 Mobil Oil Ag In Deutschland, 2000 Hamburg Schmiermittel
US4175047A (en) * 1978-09-25 1979-11-20 Mobil Oil Corporation Synthetic ester and hydrogenated olefin oligomer lubricant and method of reducing fuel consumption therewith
US4992183A (en) * 1987-04-01 1991-02-12 Ethyl Corporation Multigrade hydrogenated decene-1 oligomer engine oils
JP2801703B2 (ja) * 1989-09-01 1998-09-21 花王株式会社 冷凍機油
JPH03217494A (ja) * 1990-01-22 1991-09-25 Kao Corp 冷凍機油
JP2958383B2 (ja) * 1990-08-07 1999-10-06 日本石油株式会社 合成潤滑油

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU661756B2 (en) 1995-08-03
AU3208093A (en) 1993-08-19
DE69310230T2 (de) 1997-08-14
JPH05295385A (ja) 1993-11-09
KR0139611B1 (ko) 1998-06-15
DE69310230D1 (de) 1997-06-05
TW235306B ( ) 1994-12-01
KR930018013A (ko) 1993-09-21
SG84474A1 (en) 2001-11-20
EP0556662A1 (en) 1993-08-25

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