EP0554853B1 - Electrodes à matériaux composites fibreux pour bougie - Google Patents

Electrodes à matériaux composites fibreux pour bougie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0554853B1
EP0554853B1 EP93101659A EP93101659A EP0554853B1 EP 0554853 B1 EP0554853 B1 EP 0554853B1 EP 93101659 A EP93101659 A EP 93101659A EP 93101659 A EP93101659 A EP 93101659A EP 0554853 B1 EP0554853 B1 EP 0554853B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nickel
platinum
electrode
composite material
electrodes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93101659A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0554853A1 (fr
Inventor
Otto Löffler
Werner Niessner
Heinz Ambacher
Friedrich E. Schneider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Rau G GmbH and Co
Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Rau G GmbH and Co
Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG, Rau G GmbH and Co, Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG filed Critical BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0554853A1 publication Critical patent/EP0554853A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0554853B1 publication Critical patent/EP0554853B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/39—Selection of materials for electrodes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spark plug with an insulator, a center electrode arranged in the insulator, a body arranged on the outside of the insulator and a body electrode attached to the body.
  • the center electrode and / or the body electrode are usually formed from silver or nickel alloys or from a nickel-copper two-material material.
  • Spark plugs with platinum electrodes as the center electrode and / or body electrode are also known.
  • the object on which the invention is based is to create a spark plug of the type mentioned at the outset which, despite a long service life, is associated with lower costs.
  • At least the central electrode or the body electrode is thus formed from a platinum-nickel fiber composite material, which reduces the need for platinum or a platinum alloy and thus leads to considerable cost savings.
  • the electrodes of the spark plug are formed by pieces or disks made of the platinum-nickel fiber composite material being inserted into the spark end of the electrodes
  • the platinum is protected from carburization if it is stored or attached there, which may otherwise consist of a common electrode material such as nickel-copper two-substance.
  • a peak response and field distortion between the nickel as a magnetic and the platinum as a non-magnetic material result in a lower response voltage. This means that the nickel is removed first and the platinum protrudes. Since platinum dissipates the heat even better than nickel, the nickel is additionally cooled, which leads to an overall longer service life.
  • the nickel alloy can be a conventional spark plug nickel alloy, preferably with 1-4% silicon and 0.3% magnesium.
  • Pipes made of nickel or a nickel alloy can also be provided, which are filled with the work function for the electrode-lowering substances such as metal oxides or semiconducting substances and are introduced into a platinum matrix and shaped until only thin nickel fibers are present.
  • FIG. 4 shows a known spark plug with an insulator 5, a central electrode 1 made of a nickel jacket and a copper core with a platinum-nickel insert arranged in the insulator, a body 6 arranged on the outside of the insulator 5 and a body electrode 3 made of nickel attached to the body 6 or Inconell or a nickel jacket, copper core with platinum-nickel disc.
  • the center electrode is attached in the insulator 5 via a glass melt 7, optionally with interference suppression or erosion resistance.
  • the air spark gap 8 is located between the body electrode and the center electrode 3, 5.
  • 5, 5a, 5b show body electrode arrangements which are currently common with platinum or gold-palladium materials made of solid material. According to the invention, these can advantageously consist of a platinum-nickel fiber composite material.
  • the basic design of the first exemplary embodiment of the spark plug according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 1 a corresponds to the design of the known spark plug shown in FIG. 4 with the exception of the design of the center electrode 1 and the body electrode 3.
  • the center electrode 1 has an insert 2 made of a platinum-nickel fiber composite material, which consists of a platinum matrix in which nickel fibers or nickel alloy fibers are embedded.
  • This insert 2 can be made of conventional material in an electrode Electrode base material such as nickel-copper two-component may be embedded.
  • a similar insert 4 made of the platinum-nickel fiber composite material can be provided at the ignition-spark end of the body electrode 3.
  • the inserts 2 and 4 can be attached as disks or plates to the electrode ends, for example welded on or embedded in them, for example tapped.
  • the disks or plates can protrude in the direction of the spark path in front of the nickel body or center electrode 1, 3. If the fiber composite material is embedded in the electrode base material, there is the advantage that the platinum is embedded except at the ignition point and is protected against carburization with a rich mixture.
  • one or more roof electrodes 3 with the corresponding inserts or shoulders 4 made of the platinum-nickel fiber composite material can be provided as body electrodes.
  • the fiber composite insert 4 has a fiber course in the ignition direction. The fibers can also run across the ignition direction, provided that they are exposed on the surface.
  • FIG 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the spark plug according to the invention, in which the central electrode 1 is provided with a fiber composite insert 2 and a disk 4 made of the fiber composite material is provided on the body electrode 3.
  • an electrode formed using a platinum-nickel fiber composite material ie the central electrode or the body electrode in combination with a conventional counter electrode made of a nickel electrode material, ie a conventional nickel alloy with preferably 1-4% Si and 0.3% Mg to use a nickel-copper two-substance electrode as a central or body electrode, a silver-copper two-substance electrode or a silver-nickel fiber composite electrode.
  • Interference suppression or erosion resistors 7 can also be used wire-wound base or glass melting may be provided.
  • a spark area with a combination of air and sliding spark gaps leads to a reduction in the response voltage. If a shot chamber 10 is provided, there is an improved insulator cleaning.
  • spark plug according to the invention it is possible to achieve a high electrode spacing and an acceptable response voltage despite a high compression. This results in further physical effects such as a peak effect and field distortion due to the combination of the non-magnetic and magnetic materials platinum and nickel.
  • the fiber composite material made of nickel and platinum fulfills the demand for a lower electrode erosion rate, since it is an erosion-resistant and chemically resistant material, which enables a long service life of the corresponding spark plug.
  • Both the platinum and nickel alloys are sufficiently resistant to erosion. Platinum only appears in a honeycomb shape on the erosion surface after several 100 hours of running time, namely over the entire fiber composite surfaces in the burning area of the sparks. Together with the field distortion at the separation points between the magnetic nickel and the non-magnetic platinum, this leads to increased peak effects, which applies to both the body electrodes and the center electrodes of the spark plugs applies.
  • the response voltage can be further reduced by using additives that lower the work function, such as metal oxides and semiconductors that can withstand the combustion chamber conditions.
  • additives that lower the work function such as metal oxides and semiconductors that can withstand the combustion chamber conditions.
  • thin nickel tubes filled with such materials are used as inserts in the platinum matrix and worked over until the nickel is present as a thin fiber.
  • the platinum-nickel fiber composite material can be in the form of a disk e.g. be tapped into a center electrode made of solid material, welded over the entire diameter, provided with the direction of the fibers in the axis and transverse to the axis, welded to the body electrode, i.e. welded on the face, or used as a rivet in a body electrode bore.
  • platinum rods into a nickel matrix and to shape them until there are enough fine fibers of platinum. In the event of burn-up, platinum peaks occur over a longer period of time over the more abrasive nickel matrix.

Landscapes

  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Bougie d'allumage, avec un isolateur (5), une électrode centrale (1), disposée dans l'isolateur (5), un corps (6), se trouvant à l'extérieur de l'isolateur et une électrode de corps (3), montée sur le corps, caractérisée en ce que l'électrode centrale et/ou l'électrode de corps est, respectivement sont, constituée(s) en utilisant un matériau composite à base de fibres-nickel-platine, composé d'une matrice métallique en platine, dans laquelle sont noyées de fibres de nickel, ou d'une matrice de nickel, dans laquelle sont noyées des fibres de platine.
  2. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que des appendices (2, 4) constitués dans le matériau composite à base de fibres-nickel-platine sont montées à l'extrémité côté étincelle d'allumage de l'électrode centrale (1) et/ou de l'électrode de corps (3), dans la zone de l'étincelle.
  3. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les appendices (2, 4) constitués dans le matériau composite à base de fibres-nickel-platine sont noyées dans l'extrémité côté étincelle d'allumage de l'électrode centrale (1) et/ou de l'électrode de corps (3), dans la zone de l'étincelle.
  4. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'un disque ou une plaque (2, 4) de matériau composite à base de fibres-nickel-platine est soudé à l'extrémité côté étincelle d'allumage de l'électrode de corps (3) et/ou de l'électrode centrale (1).
  5. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la direction des fibres du matériau composite à base de fibres est la direction de l'étincelle d'allumage.
EP93101659A 1992-02-05 1993-02-03 Electrodes à matériaux composites fibreux pour bougie Expired - Lifetime EP0554853B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4203251A DE4203251A1 (de) 1992-02-05 1992-02-05 Zuendkerze
DE4203251 1992-02-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0554853A1 EP0554853A1 (fr) 1993-08-11
EP0554853B1 true EP0554853B1 (fr) 1995-06-07

Family

ID=6450991

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93101659A Expired - Lifetime EP0554853B1 (fr) 1992-02-05 1993-02-03 Electrodes à matériaux composites fibreux pour bougie

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5510667A (fr)
EP (1) EP0554853B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3436556B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE4203251A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2073310T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6533629B1 (en) * 1999-07-13 2003-03-18 Alliedsignal Inc. Spark plug including a wear-resistant electrode tip made from a co-extruded composite material, and method of making same
DE60135979D1 (de) 2000-02-16 2008-11-13 Ngk Spark Plug Co Zündkerze
JP2002033176A (ja) * 2000-05-12 2002-01-31 Denso Corp スパークプラグおよびその製造方法
JP4433634B2 (ja) * 2000-06-29 2010-03-17 株式会社デンソー コージェネレーション用スパークプラグ
US6614145B2 (en) 2001-08-21 2003-09-02 Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. Two-piece swaged center electrode assembly
DE10331267A1 (de) * 2003-07-10 2005-02-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzsystem
US7011560B2 (en) * 2003-11-05 2006-03-14 Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. Spark plug with ground electrode having mechanically locked precious metal feature
US7049733B2 (en) * 2003-11-05 2006-05-23 Federal-Mogul Worldwide, Inc. Spark plug center electrode assembly
WO2007149862A2 (fr) 2006-06-19 2007-12-27 Federal-Mogul Corporation Bougie d'allumage avec électrode de masse à fil mince
US8334642B2 (en) 2010-05-11 2012-12-18 Caterpillar Inc. Spark plug
DE102012107771B4 (de) * 2012-08-23 2019-05-09 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Zündkerze mit rondenförmigem Edelmetallbauteil
DE102015121862B4 (de) 2015-12-15 2017-12-28 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Zündkerze
US20230299566A1 (en) * 2020-08-07 2023-09-21 EcoPower Spark, LLC Spark plug with integrated center electrode
US11621544B1 (en) 2022-01-14 2023-04-04 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Spark plug electrode and method of manufacturing the same

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2508490C3 (de) * 1975-02-27 1984-07-26 G. Rau GmbH & Co, 7530 Pforzheim Metallischer Verbundwerkstoff und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE2549931A1 (de) * 1975-11-07 1977-05-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Zuendkerzen-elektrode
JPS5936390B2 (ja) * 1981-03-31 1984-09-03 株式会社デンソー 内燃機関用スパ−クプラグ
JPS5947436B2 (ja) * 1982-01-14 1984-11-19 株式会社デンソー 内燃機関用スパ−クプラグ
US4540910A (en) * 1982-11-22 1985-09-10 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Spark plug for internal-combustion engine
JPS59160988A (ja) * 1983-03-02 1984-09-11 日本特殊陶業株式会社 スパ−クプラグ
US4904216A (en) * 1983-09-13 1990-02-27 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Process for producing the center electrode of spark plug
JPS60125339A (ja) * 1983-12-07 1985-07-04 Hitachi Ltd 銅−炭素繊維複合材料の製造法
DE3563498D1 (en) * 1984-08-07 1988-07-28 Ngk Spark Plug Co Spark plug
DE3605300A1 (de) * 1986-02-19 1987-08-20 Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A Zuendkerze
JPS62226592A (ja) * 1986-03-28 1987-10-05 日本特殊陶業株式会社 点火プラグ
US5210457A (en) * 1990-09-07 1993-05-11 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Outer electrode for spark plug and a method of manufacturing thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0554853A1 (fr) 1993-08-11
JPH0613157A (ja) 1994-01-21
DE4203251A1 (de) 1993-08-12
JP3436556B2 (ja) 2003-08-11
US5510667A (en) 1996-04-23
DE59300237D1 (de) 1995-07-13
ES2073310T3 (es) 1995-08-01

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