EP0553941A1 - Colle thermo-fusible - Google Patents
Colle thermo-fusible Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0553941A1 EP0553941A1 EP93250001A EP93250001A EP0553941A1 EP 0553941 A1 EP0553941 A1 EP 0553941A1 EP 93250001 A EP93250001 A EP 93250001A EP 93250001 A EP93250001 A EP 93250001A EP 0553941 A1 EP0553941 A1 EP 0553941A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat seal
- paper
- seal adhesive
- acrylic acid
- range
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J123/02—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09J123/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C09J123/06—Polyethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09J133/062—Copolymers with monomers not covered by C09J133/06
- C09J133/064—Copolymers with monomers not covered by C09J133/06 containing anhydride, COOH or COOM groups, with M being metal or onium-cation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
- C09J7/21—Paper; Textile fabrics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
- C09J7/35—Heat-activated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
- C08L2666/04—Macromolecular compounds according to groups C08L7/00 - C08L49/00, or C08L55/00 - C08L57/00; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/30—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the chemical, physicochemical or physical properties of the adhesive or the carrier
- C09J2301/304—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the chemical, physicochemical or physical properties of the adhesive or the carrier the adhesive being heat-activatable, i.e. not tacky at temperatures inferior to 30°C
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/28—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
- Y10T428/2813—Heat or solvent activated or sealable
- Y10T428/2817—Heat sealable
- Y10T428/2826—Synthetic resin or polymer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/28—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
- Y10T428/2852—Adhesive compositions
- Y10T428/2878—Adhesive compositions including addition polymer from unsaturated monomer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/28—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
- Y10T428/2852—Adhesive compositions
- Y10T428/2878—Adhesive compositions including addition polymer from unsaturated monomer
- Y10T428/2891—Adhesive compositions including addition polymer from unsaturated monomer including addition polymer from alpha-beta unsaturated carboxylic acid [e.g., acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, etc.] Or derivative thereof
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heat seal adhesive, a heat seal adhesive tape produced using it, and the use thereof for the restoration and preservation of paper substrates.
- the heat seal adhesive tape is in particular a heat seal adhesive tape which comprises a carrier coated on one side with the heat seal adhesive.
- Libraries, libraries and archives often contain old books, newspapers, documents, maps, graphics and other archivias made of paper, which over the course of time have partly disintegrated or been damaged in some way and therefore have to be restored or preserved.
- EP 84730045 describes a paper pressure-sensitive adhesive tape which is used for repairing torn pages of frequently used books or for embedding entire pages of sheets. With such a paper pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, individual pages can also be connected to book layers for thread stitching, damaged edges of documents repaired or book joints reinforced on the inside.
- Adhesive tapes with paper substrates are primarily suitable for restoration work on paper substrates, although it is the art of papermaking to find the right mix of different types of pulp in order to produce light-weight papers with the desired properties.
- film carriers are not recommended as they have unfavorable aging properties.
- 30 ⁇ m thick polyethylene films can be used, which are sealed between the paper to be repaired and a transparent tissue paper for reinforcement.
- heat-sealed polyethylene does not have a very high adhesive force, so that the seal can be slowly removed mechanically if the fibers of the paper have sufficient binding strength.
- Polyethylene is also not very resistant to light rays and heat and is fragmentarily lighter than e.g. Acrylic acid ester-acrylic acid copolymers.
- EP 84730045 describes a pressure sensitive adhesive that is soluble in water. If the tape equipped and glued with it is to be removed from the book without damage, the glued area must be soaked in water for a few minutes so that the glue can swell and redisperse. The disadvantage associated with this adhesive is that when soaked in water, the paper could be damaged and / or water-soluble inks or printing inks could be detached.
- Heat seal adhesives based on ethylene-propylene copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and polyterpene resins as tackifiers are specified in the patents DE 19 63 716 and US 3,922,435.
- the patents DE 17 19 099 and EP 0 009 937 describe heat seal adhesives based on styrene-butadiene copolymers which are mixed with polyacrylic resins, phthalic ester plasticizers, rosin resins and polyvinylpyrrolidone, and also block copolymers based on copolyesters, copolyamides and copolyesteramides which are made with aluminum powder and glass fibers are filled.
- heat seal adhesives made from copolymers of vinyl acetate-ethylene, vinyl acetate-acrylic acid ester, vinyl acetate-maleic acid din-butyl ester and vinyl acetate-vinyl laurate are commercially available.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a heat seal adhesive and a heat seal adhesive tape equipped therewith.
- the heat seal adhesive is said to have a high bond strength, be very aging-resistant and show no discoloration after years of bonding. It should be relatively easy and quick to remove by heating and adhere to the heat-sealing adhesive tape to be removed in each case, without damaging the bonded paper substrate or leaving noticeable adhesive residues on it.
- the heat seal adhesive according to claim 1 is colorless, transparent and has a high adhesion and cohesion, so that the fold strength of the heat seal adhesive tape, which with the heat seal adhesive according to the invention is coated and sealed with the paper substrate, is very good, and an undesirable solution of the adhesive bond does not occur.
- the excellent sealing is due to the mixture according to the invention of high molecular, lacquer-like hard (meth) acrylic acid ester (meth) acrylic acid copolymers with flexible elastic acrylic acid ester-acrylic acid copolymers.
- the sealed composite components cannot be separated from one another at normal temperature without tearing or splitting. At temperatures above around 120 ° C, the adhesive tape can be easily removed again together with the heat seal adhesive.
- Component a) of the heat seal adhesive according to the invention preferably has a melting temperature in the range from 125 to 135 ° C. and a K value according to Fikentscher in the range from 80 to 100 (measured in accordance with DIN 51562 in tetrahydrofuran).
- Component b) preferably has a glass transition temperature T G in the range from -35 to -20 ° C, a K value according to Fikentscher in the range from 80 to 110 (measured in accordance with DIN 51562 in tetrahydrofuran) and a softening temperature in the range from 60 to 90 ° C on.
- the polyethylene has two functions in the heat seal adhesive. On the one hand it reduces the tendency to block up to temperatures of about 50 ° C, on the other hand it melts quickly during sealing and promotes the flow of adhesive between the paper fibers so that the fibers are well embedded, which leads to a greater transparency of the paper adhesive bond and thus to a leads to improved print reproduction of the sealed paper substrate.
- Branched and unbranched polyethylene can be mixed into the adhesive in primary or secondary dispersions.
- the polyethylene preferably has an average molecular weight of 1000 to 10000, preferably 3000 to 6000, and its melting temperature is in the range of 95 to 125 ° C, preferably 107 to 115 ° C.
- Suitable ester components in the (meth) acrylic acid ester (meth) acrylic acid copolymers and the acrylic acid ester-acrylic acid copolymers are n-butyl acrylate and / or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, which may also be present side by side.
- the copolymers contained in the heat seal adhesive can furthermore contain further monomers, with (meth) acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate and styrene being preferred.
- the polymer mixture according to the invention is dispersible in water.
- the heat seal adhesive can be processed particularly well in the form of its aqueous dispersion. It is preferred that the pH of the aqueous dispersion is adjusted to about 7.0 to 8, preferably 7.0 to 7.5 with ammonia water.
- the heat seal adhesives can contain bactericidal and fungicidal salts of o-phenylphenols, which inhibit or exclude the growth of bacteria and fungi during aging over many years.
- Paper is particularly suitable as a tape carrier, with age-resistant paper types such as Japanese tissue paper or technical papers with high transparency being preferred.
- age-resistant paper types such as Japanese tissue paper or technical papers with high transparency being preferred.
- With Japanese tissue paper care must be taken that only qualities are used for restoration work that retain their bond strength during aging, do not yellow and remain almost pH-neutral. Acidic Japanese tissue paper is not recommended for restorations and preservations, as it will lose its durability in terms of tear and fold resistance during aging and will turn yellow-brown.
- the restoration papers used must not contain any lignin and should be as free as possible from hemicelluloses, otherwise they will yellow too easily. Papers that meet these requirements have a high proportion of ⁇ -cellulose. Special fibers (e.g. Manila hemp) can be mixed in to improve paper strength. Also favorable are types of paper that have a good tear resistance due to the fleece-like felting of relatively long fibers. In practice it has proven to be expedient to use thin, as a carrier material for the paper adhesive tape, use transparent papers with a weight of about 7 to 30, in particular 7 to 12 and preferably 8 to 10 g / m2, so that the adhesive tapes on the bonded papers are almost invisible.
- the side of the paper carrier coated with the heat seal adhesive can also be covered with a siliconized release paper to simplify processing.
- the following table shows four different recipe examples for the heat seal adhesive according to the invention.
- The% by weight of the recipes relate to 100% solids, ie without taking into account the water content of the dispersion.
- example 1 2nd 3rd 4th (Meth) acrylic acid ester (meth) acrylic acid copolymer, melting temperature: 125-135 ° C, K value: 80-100 31.8 47.5 22.7 60.0
- Polyethylene molecular weight: 3,000-6,000, melting temperature: 107-115 ° C 25.0 30.0 40.0 20.0
- the heat-seal dispersions are applied to siliconized release papers or polyester foils, dried and then laminated onto Japanese tissue papers or technical special papers using a heating roller (paper weight: 7 to 15 g / m2, adhesive application dry: 7 to 25 g / m2).
- release material tape is preferred for the transfer of the heat seal adhesive to tissue paper, because the release material is then no longer required as a waste product.
- Release papers (67 to 120 g / m2), however, deform with repeated aqueous coating and can impair the lamination quality due to the surface roughness.
- Siliconized polyester films (50 to 75 ⁇ m Starch) must not be heated too strongly during lamination, otherwise they will form many small folds. It depends on the skill of the machine operator to create optimal laminating conditions.
- the paper adhesive tape can be stored as a roll and as a sheet stack without release paper, whereby the lowest possible winding or stacking pressure is recommended and the storage temperature should be between 18 and 25 ° C. Storage up to 45 ° C is possible for a short time. If the pressure and temperature are too high, the layers of paper tape block. If the paper tape is covered with silicone paper, there are no processing difficulties at higher pressures and temperatures.
- the paper tape is placed on materials to be restored, e.g. Newspapers, book pages, graphics and other archives made of paper are sealed with a heated press (pressing conditions: pressure 9 kg / cm2, temperature: approx. 120 ° C, time: 1 minute).
- the adhesive-free side of the paper adhesive tape is covered with the silicone film side of a siliconized paper, the surface of the paper tape is shiny after the sealing.
- the surface of the paper tape is matt if it is covered with a polyester sieve.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4202070A DE4202070C2 (de) | 1992-01-25 | 1992-01-25 | Heißsiegelkleber und dessen Verwendung zur Herstellung eines Papierheißsiegelklebebandes |
DE4202070 | 1992-01-25 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0553941A1 true EP0553941A1 (fr) | 1993-08-04 |
EP0553941B1 EP0553941B1 (fr) | 1995-09-13 |
Family
ID=6450277
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93250001A Expired - Lifetime EP0553941B1 (fr) | 1992-01-25 | 1993-01-02 | Colle thermo-fusible |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5318843A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0553941B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE127826T1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2088022A1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE4202070C2 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003072654A2 (fr) * | 2002-02-26 | 2003-09-04 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Agents auto-adhesifs contenant du polyethylene |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3998975B2 (ja) * | 2001-12-28 | 2007-10-31 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 電磁波遮蔽用シート |
DE10261196A1 (de) * | 2002-12-20 | 2004-07-01 | Basf Ag | Kaschierklebstoff |
EP3960444A4 (fr) * | 2019-04-26 | 2022-12-28 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Adhésif et ruban adhésif |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3544868A1 (de) * | 1985-05-15 | 1986-11-20 | Nichiban Co. Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo | Wiederabloesbares klebemittel |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2162376A1 (de) * | 1971-12-16 | 1973-06-20 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Selbstklebende schutzpapiere und schutzfolien |
US4045517A (en) * | 1975-11-24 | 1977-08-30 | Rohm And Haas Company | Polyacrylic hot melt adhesives |
DE2940649A1 (de) * | 1979-10-06 | 1981-04-16 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Schmelzkleber |
US4880683A (en) * | 1981-12-28 | 1989-11-14 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Hot-tackifying adhesive tape |
US4569877A (en) * | 1982-12-20 | 1986-02-11 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Sheet material adapted to provide long-lived stable adhesive-bonded electrical connections |
US4988742A (en) * | 1988-09-02 | 1991-01-29 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Tackified terpolymer adhesives |
US5073457A (en) * | 1988-12-01 | 1991-12-17 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Repositionable adhesive |
JPH0373341A (ja) * | 1989-05-09 | 1991-03-28 | Toray Ind Inc | 熱圧着プリントラミネート用フィルム |
US5095065A (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1992-03-10 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Internal resin-tackified acrylic polymers |
-
1992
- 1992-01-25 DE DE4202070A patent/DE4202070C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-01-02 DE DE59300572T patent/DE59300572D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-01-02 EP EP93250001A patent/EP0553941B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-01-02 AT AT93250001T patent/ATE127826T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-01-19 US US08/005,363 patent/US5318843A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-01-25 CA CA002088022A patent/CA2088022A1/fr not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3544868A1 (de) * | 1985-05-15 | 1986-11-20 | Nichiban Co. Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo | Wiederabloesbares klebemittel |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003072654A2 (fr) * | 2002-02-26 | 2003-09-04 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Agents auto-adhesifs contenant du polyethylene |
WO2003072654A3 (fr) * | 2002-02-26 | 2004-03-11 | Basf Ag | Agents auto-adhesifs contenant du polyethylene |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0553941B1 (fr) | 1995-09-13 |
DE59300572D1 (de) | 1995-10-19 |
DE4202070A1 (de) | 1993-07-29 |
US5318843A (en) | 1994-06-07 |
ATE127826T1 (de) | 1995-09-15 |
CA2088022A1 (fr) | 1993-07-26 |
DE4202070C2 (de) | 1994-10-27 |
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