EP0543693A1 - Verfahren zum Spalten eines Holzklotzes in Viertel und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Spalten eines Holzklotzes in Viertel und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0543693A1
EP0543693A1 EP92402960A EP92402960A EP0543693A1 EP 0543693 A1 EP0543693 A1 EP 0543693A1 EP 92402960 A EP92402960 A EP 92402960A EP 92402960 A EP92402960 A EP 92402960A EP 0543693 A1 EP0543693 A1 EP 0543693A1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
splitting
jaws
tools
quarters
plane
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Granted
Application number
EP92402960A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0543693B1 (de
Inventor
Maurice Jeantelot
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L7/00—Arrangements for splitting wood

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of splitting a log in the direction of its medullary rays for obtaining quarters of wood suitable for being cut by splitting into staves or boards split along the grain of the wood and spokes spinal cord. More particularly, it relates to such a splitting process in which the log is held by jaws which can pivot at its two ends having the axis of its heart, constituting its longitudinal axis of gravity, in a horizontal position, and is split in four, eight or twelve quarters under the action of two opposite pairs of splitting tools which can pivot subjected to the thrust of jacks, a pair of tools for the initial splitting operation in four being arranged substantially in a vertical plane and acting on one end of the log and the other pair being arranged substantially in a horizontal plane and acting on the other end of this log, the splitting into eight or twelve quarters being carried out with a chosen inclination from the plane of these pairs of tools, which are always adjusted perpendicular to each other.
  • the present invention relates to a machine for splitting wooden logs, in the direction of the medullary radii of each log, for obtaining quarters suitable for being cut into staves respecting the grain of the wood and without breaking or cutting the fibers of the latter.
  • this method and this splitting machine are designed to obtain quarters of wood which will be able to be cut into staves according to the grain of the wood by applying the process of splitting quarters of wood and the machine using it which was the subject of French patent application No. 90.06.101.
  • the blades act rather like wedges penetrating the fibers longitudinally and breaking or cutting them because, given their radially fixed position, they cannot follow the grain of the wood or the medullary rays of the latter. , and the quarters obtained are, therefore, unsuitable for being cut into staves by splitting.
  • this latter splitting device is not suitable for splitting by following the grain of the wood but its blades work, as in the machine which is the subject of the patent US Pat. No. 3,974,867 mentioned previously, in the manner of wedges which can break or cut the fibers of the wood and which are not suitable, due to their fixed position radially, to follow the grain of the wood, or to respect the medullary rays of the latter.
  • the process of splitting a log into quarters aims to eliminate the major part of the drawbacks presented by the known splitting techniques defined above and to allow an appreciable saving of time and the obtaining quarters of wood suitable for being cut into staves with the least loss of wood possible so that manufacturing is less expensive than at present while obtaining quarters of reliable wood, even when using logs of wood whose heart is relatively offset from the central part, from one extrem ity to the other of certain balls.
  • this process of splitting a log of wood into quarters and the machine for its implementation are designed to ensure that the wooden quarters will be shaped according to the grain of the wood while minimizing to the lowest degree the breaks in fibers and / or the bursting of certain layers of these fibers located between the heart and the sapwood.
  • this method of splitting a log into quarters consists first of all in piercing to a shallow depth the center of the core of the wood at each end of the log to split in order to allow the partial introduction of 'a stud (23), then to lift this ball so that its two studs are aligned in the same horizontal plane and that the projecting part of each stud rests on a respective end support, this method being remarkable in that the lifting force exerted on the log is stopped as soon as the latter is supported by its studs so that, first of all, it takes, by pivoting by gravity on the latter, a position of equilibrium then, when this ball is stabilized in this position, it is trapped between two opposite jaws acting respectively on each of its ends, mounted to be able to pivot on themselves in the clamping position and arranged, at rest, for one in a substantially horizontal plane; then the splitting operation is started by attacking each of the two ends of the ball by means of a pair of tools disposed at rest perpendicular to the rest plane of the jaw resting
  • This method of splitting a log into four quarters in a single splitting operation is further remarkable by the fact that, during the splitting operation, when the two pairs of tools arrive near their crossing point in their splitting stroke, we assist the two lower quarters by controlling the lifting of the cradle until it is flush with their bark, but however does not lift them so as not to thwart their clamping by the jaws.
  • this method of splitting a log can be continued, after the splitting operation in four, by one or more secondary splitting operations carried out on the same machine to obtain, in accordance with the invention, from a log, eight or twelve quarters, these twelfths being recognized as being the most suitable for obtaining staves by minimizing wood losses.
  • the basic method is first applied until the moment when, after the operation of splitting into four quarters and when the tools are moved back to their rest position , at instead of controlling the loosening of the jaws, each pair of tools is diametrically tilted with its two control cylinders so that each of the cutting edges relative to the plane of the jaws, located at the same end of the quarters, makes a radial angle of 45 ° ; then a second splitting operation is then ordered, by which each of the four quarters obtained in the first place is split into two quarters; finally, when the tools have returned to their initial rest position, the jaws are released to release the eighths of ball obtained in the cradle.
  • the basic method is first applied, as before, by which four quarters are obtained, but, instead of controlling the loosening of the jaws, one diametrically inclined clockwise each pair of tools with its two control cylinders so that each of the cutting edges makes a radial angle of 60 ° relative to the plane of the corresponding jaws; then a second splitting operation is ordered and, when the tools have returned to their initial rest position, the jaws are kept in the tight position and the diametrical tilt is adjusted again, but in the opposite direction (anti-clockwise) of each pair of tools with its two control cylinders so that each of the cutting edges makes an angle of 60 ° relative to the plane of the corresponding jaws; then a third splitting operation is ordered and, when the tools have returned to their initial rest position, the jaws are released to release the twelfths of ball obtained in the cradle.
  • the inventor has designed a machine comprising movable jaws adapted to trap a log with its longitudinal ends, as well as splitting tools also located near each of these ends and adapted to divide, by splitting under the thrust of jacks, the ball into several quarters, the number of which can be chosen between four, eight or twelve, this machine being remarkable in that it is constituted by a base frame rigid, on each of the longitudinal ends of which a chassis is slidably mounted and controlled in reciprocating movement for tightening or loosening the jaws by means of a double-acting cylinder, each chassis supporting a set of two jaws spaced apart on the other on either side of their central support located in the axis of the chassis and, thus, in the longitudinal axis of the frame, the u n sets of jaws being mounted so as to be able to pivot in a vertical plane on one of the frames, while the opposite set of jaws is mounted so as to be able to pivot in a horizontal plane on the other frame, each of these
  • each set of jaws is provided with two levers mounted on it by means of a pivot located in their central part and supporting, pivotally at each of their ends, an elongated bar constituting, with these levers , a parallelogram mounting and supporting, at its free end located at the level of the corresponding splitting tools, one of the jaws of the jaw set mounted so pivoting but kept at rest in an elastic manner in a position substantially perpendicular to the axis of its support bar.
  • each central support of a set of jaws is provided, projecting from its end situated on the side of the jaws, with a piece in the form of a gutter subjected to the stress of a spring and adapted to receive, during the loading a log of wood to be split, the corresponding support stud planted in the heart of it.
  • the heart of the log may not be located at the same location in each of the end faces of this log, it may occur, when the latter is balanced in a plane horizontal, along its axis of gravity provided by the studs supported by the gutters located at the same height, a biasing of the end faces, possibly totaling with the initial cutting bias, on which the corresponding jaws cannot be applied suitably if the inclination of the levers providing the sides of the parallelogram mounting is not limited. Consequently, to limit this inclination of the levers in one direction or the other, a stop device on which the stopper device is provided on the central support near the rear lever, that is to say the one furthest from the jaws. the ends of this rear lever can take secure support.
  • this machine according to the invention is designed at the base to split logs in four quarters, but it can also be used, with a certain adjustment between the splitting operations, to split wooden logs in eight or twelve quarters.
  • each pair of actuating cylinders of each pair of splitting tools can be rotated in planes inclined relative to their initial plane which is vertical for one of the pairs and horizontal for the 'other pair.
  • This is obtained by means of a respective front and rear mounting of each pair of jacks which is adapted to be able to pivot a maximum of one eighth of a turn, i.e. 45 °, in the direction clockwise and reverse in this sense, around the central support of each set of jaws, and relative to the respective initial position of each of the pairs of jacks which is in a vertical plane for one of the pairs and in a horizontal plane for the 'other pair.
  • each support assembly is adapted to be able to pivot 30 ° in one direction and in the opposite direction and to be immobilized in each of these positions at an angle of 60 ° relative to the plane of the set of corresponding jaws to allow the splitting in three quarters of each of the four quarters obtained after the first splitting operation.
  • a pivoting of 45 ° of each support assembly and the immobilization of the latter in this position allows obtaining, after a second splitting operation, of eight wards.
  • the two jaws of each of the sets are designed in the form of elongated and straight blocks, each provided with a gripping jaw. adapted to be able to slide outwards when the quarters being split are separated by the tools, these jaws being returned to their initial position under the stress of a spring when these tools are moved back.
  • the invention provides that for the operations of splitting in eighths or twelfths, so that the jaws interest a larger gripping and gripping surface, they are provided, as before, in the form of elongated and straight blocks whose gripping jaw, adapted to be able to slide towards the exterior and recalled by a spring, is provided with a transverse support forming a cross with it, this support being provided, at each of its ends, with a pad furnished with studs which can be provided sliding outwards and recalled by spring towards the central jaw, this support being provided so that its pads at rest are located in a maximum angle of 80 ° whose bisector is located in the axis of the jaw.
  • the machine according to the invention is provided with a cradle with two rest branches which are controlled in upward and downward movement independently of each other by means of two separate jacks, but which can be tilted laterally simultaneously using a third jack.
  • this cradle is planned with such a constitution to meet the need for assistance of a log in the process of splitting when the latter, having taken its equilibrium with respect to its longitudinal axis of gravity provided by the core , has a fairly substantial slope from its lower part and that, therefore, it is necessary that one of the branches comes to touch without supporting the lower facing part and that the other branch does the same with the part opposite the highest, this in order to avoid a large untimely shift towards the bottom of the quarters during splitting if there is an unexpected sliding of their ends relative to the jaws when the first splitting operation has been carried out and that the support studs are no longer used for anything.
  • the splitting machine shown very schematically and according to an embodiment given by way of example, is constituted by a rigid base frame (1), slidingly supporting at its ends chassis (2, 3) controlled respectively in reciprocating movement by jacks (4, 5) shown in dotted lines.
  • Each frame supports a set of two jaws, a set (6) in a horizontal position on the frame (2) and a set (7) in a vertical position on the frame (3).
  • the two jaws of each of the sets are spaced from each other on either side of their central support, indicated by (8) for the chassis (2) and by (9) for the chassis (3), located in the longitudinal axis of the chassis respective and in that of the frame.
  • the set of jaws (6), supported by the frame (2), is mounted so that it can pivot in a horizontal plane, while the other opposite set (7), supported by the frame (3), is mounted so that you can rotate in a vertical plane.
  • the frame (2) also supports a set (10) of two splitting tools adapted to be able to pivot individually during their splitting stroke and whose cutting edges (10a, 10b) at rest are maintained in the same vertical plane by means of '' a guide cam (11), as well as the two respective control cylinders (12) of this set (10) of tools which are adjusted in the same vertical plane for the operation of splitting a log ( B) in four quarters (see Figure 2).
  • the chassis (3) also supports a set (13) of two splitting tools adapted to be able to pivot individually during their splitting stroke and whose cutting edges (13a, 13b) at rest are held in the same horizontal plane by means of '' a guide cam (14), as well as the two respective control cylinders (15) of this set (13) of tools which are adjusted in the same horizontal plane for the operation of splitting the log (B ) in four quarters.
  • the two tools to split each of the sets (10, 13) are spaced from each other on either side of the respective central support (8, 9), as can be seen in the Figures 2 and 3, so that they can cross with the two opposite splitting tools during a splitting operation, both during the splitting stroke itself and during their stroke back to the rest position, even if each of these four tools pivots independently of the others relative to its initial cutting plane to follow the medullary rays along the grain of the wood.
  • each set of two jaws is mounted on the corresponding central support (8, 9) by means of a parallelogram mounting, identical for each chassis but positioned horizontally on the chassis (2) and vertically on the chassis (3), and consisting of two levers (16, 17) mounted in an oscillating manner in their central part on the central support and pivotally supporting at each of their ends, a bar (18, 19) on the free end of which, on the wooden log side (B), is pivotally mounted one of the two jaws of the corresponding set (6, 7), each jaw however being kept at rest perpendicularly to its bar in an elastic manner by means of springs (20).
  • This parallelogram mounting is however maintained against an excessive inclination of its sides constituted by the two levers (16, 17) as a result of too substantial bias support on the corresponding sectioned face of the ball (B), by means of 'a triangular stop device (21) secured to the corresponding central support and on which the ends of the rear lever (16) can bear.
  • each respective central support (8, 9) on the side of the jaws, is provided with a projecting part (22) in the form of a gutter adapted to receive, when the position of splitting of a ball (B), the corresponding support stud (23) partially engaged previously in the core thereof to define its equilibrium position in the machine before the jaws are tightened, this part being forced to the thrust of a spring and retracting in its support when advancing the jaws in the clamping position.
  • the splitting machine has been described as it is designed for obtaining, from a ball, four quarters of wood, as shown in Figures 2 and 3 , but this machine can also, from such a splitting in four, make it possible to obtain eight quarters (as indicated in FIG. 4) by two consecutive operations of splitting in four, the second being made with a diametrical inclination of each of the two sets of 45 ° tools, in one direction or the other, relative to their position in the first splitting operation, each of the two sets of jaws remaining in their initial clamping position.
  • this machine can also allow the splitting of a log into twelve quarters (as shown in Figures 5, 6) by three consecutive splitting operations, a first splitting operation in four, followed by a second operation with each of the two sets of tools having a diametrical inclination of 30 ° in one direction relative to their position in the first operation, then a third operation with each of the two sets of tools having a diametrical inclination of 30 ° in the other direction relative to their position in the first operation, each of the two sets of jaws, as previously, remaining in their initial clamping position.
  • each set of two control cylinders for the splitting tools is arranged so that they can be rotated together, around the corresponding central support, and immobilized at positions where the tool sets will have a diametrical inclination as indicated above.
  • each jaw jaw can be provided with a transverse support (6a, 7a) forming a cross with it and having each of its ends provided with a shoe, lined with crampons, able to slide outwards and returned by spring towards the jaw, this support being provided so that at rest its pads are located in a maximum angle of 80 ° whose bisector is in the axis of the jaw .
  • this splitting machine also includes a cradle (30) adapted to assist the log (B) during splitting, collect the quarters of wood without excessive fall thereof and tilt laterally outward to deliver these districts to a transport device.
  • This cradle consists of a seat plate (31), pivotally supporting two rest legs (32, 33), and controlled in upward and downward movement by means of two separate jacks (34, 35). These two jacks make it possible to provide a chosen longitudinal inclination to the seat plate (31) so that the branches which it supports come to touch the corresponding lower contour of the wooden log without lifting the latter after it has taken its balance position and the jaws are tight.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
EP92402960A 1991-11-18 1992-11-02 Verfahren zum Spalten eines Holzklotzes in Viertel und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens Expired - Lifetime EP0543693B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9114165 1991-11-18
FR9114165A FR2683760B1 (fr) 1991-11-18 1991-11-18 Procede de fendage d'une bille de bois en quartiers et machine pour sa mise en óoeuvre.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0543693A1 true EP0543693A1 (de) 1993-05-26
EP0543693B1 EP0543693B1 (de) 1995-06-28

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ID=9419035

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92402960A Expired - Lifetime EP0543693B1 (de) 1991-11-18 1992-11-02 Verfahren zum Spalten eines Holzklotzes in Viertel und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US5287902A (de)
EP (1) EP0543693B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH05237814A (de)
AT (1) ATE124312T1 (de)
AU (1) AU658944B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69203216T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2073893T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2683760B1 (de)
HR (1) HRP921304A2 (de)
HU (1) HUH3733A (de)
SI (1) SI9200309A (de)
TW (1) TW211533B (de)
ZA (1) ZA928763B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2731376A1 (fr) * 1995-03-06 1996-09-13 Buhler Rudi Dispositif pour coupe et fente de rondins de bois avec douze couteaux
RU2591076C2 (ru) * 2013-07-19 2016-07-10 Виктор Кузьмич Сухов Ножевой механизм для бесстружечного деления бревен на секторы
RU203027U1 (ru) * 2019-04-25 2021-03-18 Александр Евгеньевич Самохвалов Устройство для колки дров

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5711357A (en) * 1997-02-14 1998-01-27 Smith; John R. Adjustable log splitting head
US6135178A (en) * 1999-06-08 2000-10-24 Faver, Inc. Wood splitting device
DE10052159C2 (de) * 2000-10-20 2003-11-20 Guenter Wickert Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von Holzstammabschnitten
US20080041355A1 (en) * 2006-08-07 2008-02-21 Yeshaya Yarnitsky Process and device for prestressing of solid blocks
US7934524B2 (en) * 2007-05-02 2011-05-03 Priebe Dean R Log splitter system for a front-loader tractor
GB2494459B (en) * 2011-09-12 2015-01-21 Forest Master Ltd Log splitter
CN115157383B (zh) * 2022-08-18 2024-04-02 包雷达 一种农业用自动锯柴设备及方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3974867A (en) * 1975-04-30 1976-08-17 Butas Jr Joseph T Log splitter
US4805676A (en) * 1988-02-16 1989-02-21 Aikins Warren A Automatic whole and multiple tree firewood/hog fuel processor

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4371020A (en) * 1978-03-13 1983-02-01 Macmillan Bloedel Limited Three-step process for preparation of long wood strands
US4294295A (en) * 1978-09-25 1981-10-13 Bloomfield Farms, Inc. Apparatus for cutting and splitting firewood
US4869303A (en) * 1988-08-31 1989-09-26 The Nunnery Wood Processor Co. Firewood processor
FR2662112B1 (fr) * 1990-05-16 1993-11-19 Maurice Jeantelot Procede de fendage de quartiers de bois pour l'obtention de merrains et machine pour sa mise en óoeuvre.

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3974867A (en) * 1975-04-30 1976-08-17 Butas Jr Joseph T Log splitter
US4805676A (en) * 1988-02-16 1989-02-21 Aikins Warren A Automatic whole and multiple tree firewood/hog fuel processor

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2731376A1 (fr) * 1995-03-06 1996-09-13 Buhler Rudi Dispositif pour coupe et fente de rondins de bois avec douze couteaux
RU2591076C2 (ru) * 2013-07-19 2016-07-10 Виктор Кузьмич Сухов Ножевой механизм для бесстружечного деления бревен на секторы
RU203027U1 (ru) * 2019-04-25 2021-03-18 Александр Евгеньевич Самохвалов Устройство для колки дров

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH05237814A (ja) 1993-09-17
ES2073893T3 (es) 1995-08-16
HRP921304A2 (en) 1995-04-30
HUH3733A (en) 1995-07-28
DE69203216D1 (de) 1995-08-03
ATE124312T1 (de) 1995-07-15
TW211533B (de) 1993-08-21
HU9203603D0 (en) 1993-03-01
ZA928763B (en) 1993-06-10
FR2683760A1 (fr) 1993-05-21
AU2836592A (en) 1993-05-20
DE69203216T2 (de) 1996-02-01
AU658944B2 (en) 1995-05-04
SI9200309A (en) 1993-06-30
US5287902A (en) 1994-02-22
FR2683760B1 (fr) 1994-01-07
EP0543693B1 (de) 1995-06-28

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