EP0543693B1 - Verfahren zum Spalten eines Holzklotzes in Viertel und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Spalten eines Holzklotzes in Viertel und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens Download PDF

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EP0543693B1
EP0543693B1 EP92402960A EP92402960A EP0543693B1 EP 0543693 B1 EP0543693 B1 EP 0543693B1 EP 92402960 A EP92402960 A EP 92402960A EP 92402960 A EP92402960 A EP 92402960A EP 0543693 B1 EP0543693 B1 EP 0543693B1
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splitting
jaws
log
tools
segments
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French (fr)
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EP0543693A1 (de
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Maurice Jeantelot
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L7/00—Arrangements for splitting wood

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  • the present invention relates to a method of splitting a log in the direction of its medullary rays to obtain quarters of wood suitable for being cut by splitting into staves or planks stretched along the grain of the wood and spokes spinal cord. More particularly, it relates to such a splitting process in which the log is held by jaws which can pivot at its two ends by having the axis of its heart, constituting its longitudinal axis of gravity, in horizontal position, and is tensioned in four, eight or twelve quarters under the action of two opposite pairs of tensioning tools which can pivot subject to the thrust of jacks, a pair of tools for the initial splitting operation in four being arranged substantially in a vertical plane and acting on one end of the log and the other pair being arranged substantially in a horizontal plane and acting on the other end of this log, the splitting into eight or twelve quarters being carried out with a chosen inclination from the plane of these pairs of tools, which are always adjusted perpendicular to each other.
  • the present invention relates to a machine for splitting wooden logs, in the direction of the medullary radii of each log, for obtaining quarters suitable for being cut into staves respecting the grain of the wood and without breaking or cutting the fibers of the latter.
  • this method and this splitting machine are designed to obtain quarters of wood which will be able to be cut into staves according to the grain of the wood by applying the process of splitting quarters of wood and the machine using it having been the subject of French patent application No. 90.06.101.
  • the blades act rather like wedges penetrating the fibers longitudinally and breaking or cutting them because, given their radially fixed position, they cannot follow the grain of the wood or the medullary rays of the latter. , and the quarters obtained are, therefore, unsuitable for being cut into staves by splitting.
  • this latter splitting device is not suitable for splitting by following the grain of the wood but its blades work, as in the machine which is the subject of the patent US Pat. No. 3,974,867 mentioned previously, in the manner of wedges which can break or cut the fibers of the wood and which are not adapted, because of their fixed position radially, to follow the grain of the wood, or to respect the medullary radii thereof.
  • the process of splitting a log into quarters aims to eliminate the major part of the drawbacks presented by the known splitting techniques defined above and to allow an appreciable saving of time and the obtaining quarters of wood suitable for being cut into staves with the least loss of wood possible so that manufacturing is less expensive than at present while obtaining quarters of reliable wood, even when using logs of wood whose core is relatively offset from the central part, from one end to the other of certain balls.
  • this process of splitting a wooden log into quarters and the machine for its implementation are designed to ensure that the wooden quarters will be shaped according to the grain of the wood while minimizing to the lowest degree the breaks in fibers and / or the bursting of certain layers of these fibers located between the heart and the sapwood.
  • this method of splitting a log into quarters consists first of all in piercing the center of the wood at a shallow depth at each end of the log to allow partial insertion of 'a stud (23), then to lift this ball so that its two studs are aligned in the same horizontal plane and that the projecting part of each stud rests on a respective end support, this process being remarkable in that the lifting force exerted on the log is stopped as soon as the latter is supported by its studs so that, first of all, it takes, by pivoting by gravity on the latter, a position of equilibrium then, when this ball is stabilized in this position, it is trapped between two opposite jaws acting respectively on each of its ends, mounted to be able to pivot on themselves in the clamping position and arranged, at rest, for one in a substantially horizontal plane; then the splitting operation is started by attacking each of the two ends of the ball by means of a pair of tools arranged at rest perpendicular to the rest plane of the jaw resting on the corresponding end,
  • This method of splitting a log into four quarters in a single splitting operation is further remarkable by the fact that, during the splitting operation, when the two pairs of tools arrive near their crossing point in their splitting stroke, we assist the two lower quarters by controlling the lifting of the cradle until it is flush with their bark, but however does not lift them so as not to thwart their clamping by the jaws.
  • this method of splitting a log can be continued, after the splitting operation in four, by one or more secondary splitting operations carried out on the same machine to obtain, in accordance with the invention, from a log, eight or twelve quarters, these twelfths being recognized as being the most suitable for obtaining staves by reducing wood losses to a minimum.
  • the basic method is first applied until the moment when, after the operation of splitting into four quarters and when the tools are moved back to their rest position , at instead of controlling the loosening of the jaws, each pair of tools is diametrically inclined with its two actuating cylinders so that each of the cutting edges relative to the plane of the jaws, situated at the same end of the quarters, makes a radial angle of 45 ° ; then a second splitting operation is then ordered by which one tends in two quarters each of the four quarters obtained in the first place; finally, when the tools have returned to their initial rest position, the jaws are released to release the eighths of ball obtained in the cradle.
  • the basic method is applied by which four quarters are obtained, but, instead of controlling the loosening of the jaws, one diametrically inclined clockwise each pair of tools with its two actuating cylinders so that each of the cutting edges makes a radial angle of 60 ° relative to the plane of the corresponding jaws; then a second splitting operation is ordered and, when the tools have returned to their initial rest position, the jaws are kept in the tight position and the tilt is adjusted again, but in the opposite direction (counterclockwise) diametral of each pair of tools with its two control cylinders so that each of the cutting edges makes an angle of 60 ° relative to the plane of the corresponding jaws; then a third splitting operation is ordered and, when the tools have returned to their initial rest position, the jaws are released to release the twelfths of ball obtained in the cradle.
  • the inventor has designed a machine comprising movable jaws adapted to trap a log with its longitudinal ends, as well as tools to be stretched also located near each of these ends and suitable for dividing, by splitting under the thrust of jacks, the ball into several quarters, the number of which can be chosen between four, eight or twelve, this machine being remarkable in that it is constituted by a base frame rigid, on each of the longitudinal ends of which a chassis is slidably mounted and controlled in reciprocating movement for clamping or loosening the jaws by means of a double-acting cylinder, each chassis supporting a set of two jaws spaced apart on the other on either side of their central support located in the axis of the chassis and, thus, in the longitudinal axis of the frame, the u n sets of jaws being mounted so as to be able to pivot in a vertical plane on one of the frames, while the opposite set of jaws is mounted so as to be able to pivot in a horizontal plane on the other frame, each of these
  • each set of jaws is provided with two levers mounted on it by means of a pivot located in their central part and supporting, pivotally at each of their ends, an elongated bar constituting, with these levers , a parallelogram mounting and support, at its free end located at the level of the corresponding splitting tools, one of the jaws of the jaw set mounted so pivoting but kept at rest in an elastic manner in a position substantially perpendicular to the axis of its support bar.
  • each central support of a set of jaws is provided, projecting from its end situated on the side of the jaws, with a piece in the form of a gutter subjected to the stress of a spring and adapted to receive, during the loading a log of soft wood, the corresponding support stud planted in the heart of it.
  • the heart of the log may not be located at the same location in each of the end faces of this log, it can occur, when the latter is balanced in a plane horizontal, along its axis of gravity provided by the studs supported by the gutters located at the same height, a biasing of the end faces, possibly totaling with the initial cutting bottom, on which the corresponding jaws cannot be applied suitably if the inclination of the levers providing the sides of the parallelogram mounting is not limited. Consequently, to imitate this inclination of the levers in one direction or the other, a stop device has been provided on the central support near the rear lever, that is to say the one furthest from the jaws. the ends of this rear lever can take a secure hold.
  • this machine according to the invention is designed at the base to split logs in four quarters, but it can also be used, with a certain adjustment between the splitting operations, to split wooden logs in eight or twelve quarters.
  • each pair of control jacks of each pair of tools to be tensioned can be rotated in planes inclined relative to their initial plane which is vertical for one of the pairs and horizontal for the 'other pair.
  • This is obtained by means of a front and rear mounting of respective supports for each pair of jacks which is adapted to be able to pivot a maximum of one eighth of a turn, i.e. 45 °, in the direction clockwise and reverse in this sense, around the central support of each set of jaws, and relative to the respective initial position of each of the pairs of jacks which is in a vertical plane for one of the pairs and in a horizontal plane for the 'other pair.
  • each support mounting is adapted to be able to pivot 30 ° in one direction and in the opposite direction and to be immobilized in each of these positions at an angle of 60 ° relative to the plane of the set of corresponding jaws to allow splitting. in three quarters of each of the four quarters obtained after the first splitting operation.
  • a pivoting of 45 ° of each support assembly and the immobilization of the latter in this position allows obtaining, after a second operation of splitting, of eight quarters.
  • the two jaws of each of the sets are designed in the form of elongated and straight blocks, each provided with a gripping jaw. adapted to be able to slide outwards when the quarters being split are separated by the tools, these jaws being returned to their initial position under the stress of a spring when these tools are moved back.
  • the invention provides that for the operations of splitting in eighths or twelfths, so that the jaws concern a larger gripping and gripping surface, they are provided, as before, in the form of elongated and straight blocks whose gripping jaw, adapted to be able to slide towards the exterior and recalled by a spring, is provided with a transverse support forming a cross with it, this support being provided, at each of its ends, with a pad furnished with studs which can be provided sliding outwards and recalled by spring towards the central jaw, this support being provided so that its pads at rest are located in a maximum angle of 80 ° whose bisector is located in the axis of the jaw.
  • the machine according to the invention is provided with a cradle with two rest branches which are controlled in upward and downward movement independently of one another by means of two separate cylinders, but which can be tilted laterally simultaneously using a third cylinder.
  • this cradle is planned with such a constitution to meet the need for assistance of a log in the process of splitting when the latter, having taken its equilibrium with respect to its longitudinal axis of gravity provided by the core , has a fairly substantial slope from its lower part and that, therefore, it is necessary that one of the branches comes to touch without supporting the lower facing part and that the other branch does the same with the part opposite the highest, this in order to avoid a large untimely shift towards the bottom of the quarters in the process of splitting if there is an unexpected sliding of their ends relative to the jaws when the first splitting operation has been carried out and that the support studs are no longer used for anything.
  • the splitting machine shown very schematically and according to an embodiment given by way of example, is constituted by a rigid base frame (1), slidingly supporting at its ends chassis (2, 3) controlled respectively in reciprocating movement by jacks (4, 5) shown in dotted lines.
  • Each frame supports a set of two jaws, a set (6) in a horizontal position on the frame (2) and a set (7) in a vertical position on the frame (3).
  • the two jaws of each of the sets are spaced from each other on either side of their central support, indicated by (8) for the chassis (2) and by (9) for the chassis (3), located in the longitudinal axis of the chassis respective and in that of the frame.
  • the set of jaws (6), supported by the frame (2), is mounted so that it can pivot in a horizontal plane, while the other opposite set (7), supported by the frame (3), is mounted so that you can rotate in a vertical plane.
  • the chassis (2) also supports a set (10) of two splitting tools adapted to be able to pivot individually during their splitting stroke and whose cutting edges (10a, 10b) at rest are held in the same vertical plane by means of '' a guide cam (11), as well as the two respective control cylinders (12) of this set (10) of tools which are adjusted in the same vertical plane for the splitting operation of a log of wood ( B) in four quarters (see Figure 2).
  • the chassis (3) also supports a set (13) of two tensioning tools adapted to be able to pivot individually during their splitting stroke and whose cutting edges (13a, 13b) at rest are maintained in the same horizontal plane by means of '' a guide cam (14), as well as the two respective control cylinders (15) of this set (13) of tools which are adjusted in the same horizontal plane for the operation of splitting the log (B ) in four quarters.
  • the two tools to split each of the games (10, 13) are spaced from each other on either side of the respective central support (8, 9), as can be seen in the Figures 2 and 3, so that they can cross with the two opposite splitting tools during a splitting operation, both during the splitting stroke proper as during their stroke back to the rest position, even if each of these four tools pivots independently of the others relative to its initial cutting plane to follow the medullary rays along the grain of the wood.
  • each set of two jaws is mounted on the corresponding central support (8, 9) by means of a parallelogram mounting, identical for each chassis but positioned horizontally on the chassis (2) and vertically on the frame (3), and consisting of two levers (16, 17) mounted in an oscillating manner in their central part on the central support and supporting, pivotally at each of their ends, a bar (18, 19) on the free end of which, on the wooden log side (B), is pivotally mounted one of the two jaws of the corresponding set (6, 7), each jaw being however kept at rest perpendicular to its bar in an elastic manner by means of springs (20).
  • This parallelogram mounting is however maintained against an excessive inclination of its sides constituted by the two levers (16, 17) as a result of an excessive bias support on the corresponding cut face of the ball (B), by means of 'A triangular stop device (21) secured to the corresponding central support and on which the ends of the rear lever (16) can bear.
  • each respective central support (8, 9) on the side of the jaws, is provided with a projecting part (22) in the form of a gutter adapted to receive, when the position of splitting a ball (B), the corresponding support stud (23) partially engaged previously in the core thereof to define its equilibrium position in the machine before the jaws are tightened, this part being constrained to the thrust of a spring and retracting in its support when advancing the jaws in the clamping position.
  • the splitting machine has been described as it is designed for obtaining, from a ball, four quarters of wood, as shown in Figures 2 and 3 , but this machine can also, from such a splitting in four, make it possible to obtain eight quarters (as indicated in FIG. 4) by two consecutive operations of splitting in four, the second being made with a diametrical inclination of each of the two sets of 45 ° tools, in one direction or the other, relative to their position in the first splitting operation, each of the two sets of jaws remaining in their initial clamping position.
  • this machine can also allow the splitting of a log into twelve quarters (as shown in Figures 5, 6) by three consecutive splitting operations, a first splitting operation in four, followed by a second operation with each of the two sets of tools having a diametrical inclination of 30 ° in one direction relative to their position in the first operation, then a third operation with each of the two sets tools having a diametrical inclination of 30 ° in the other direction relative to their position in the first operation, each of the two sets of jaws, as previously, remaining in their initial clamping position.
  • each set of two actuators for controlling the splitting tools are arranged so that they can be rotated together, around the corresponding central support, and immobilized at positions where the tool sets will have a diametrical inclination as indicated above.
  • each jaw jaw can be provided with a transverse support (6a, 7a) forming a cross with it and having each of its ends provided with a shoe, lined with crampons, able to slide outwards and returned by spring towards the jaw, this support being provided so that at rest its pads are located at a maximum angle of 80 ° whose bisector is located in the axis of the jaw .
  • this splitting machine also includes a cradle (30) adapted to assist the log (B) during splitting, collect the wooden quarters without excessive drop thereof and tilt laterally outward to deliver these districts to a transport device.
  • This cradle consists of a seat plate (31), pivotally supporting two rest legs (32, 33), and controlled in upward and downward movement by means of two separate jacks (34, 35). These two jacks make it possible to provide a chosen longitudinal inclination to the seat plate (31) so that the branches which it supports touch the corresponding lower contour of the log without lifting it after it has taken its balance position and the jaws are tight.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Verfahren zum Spalten eines Holzklotzes in Richtung seiner Markstrahlen, um Holzviertel zu erhalten, die geeignet sind, später durch Spalten in Bretter oder Planken entlang der Maserung des Holzes und der Markstrahlen zugeschnitten zu werden, wobei das Verfahren darin besteht, zuerst den Mittelpunkt des Holzkerns an jedem Ende des zu spaltenden Klotzes auf eine geringe Tiefe anzubohren, um die Teileinführung eines Stiftbolzens (23) zu erlauben, dann diesen Klotz so aufzunehmen, daß seine beiden Stiftbolzen in derselben horizontalen Ebene ausgerichtet sind und daß der vorspringende Teil jedes Stiftbolzens jeweils auf einem Endträger aufliegt, wobei das Verfahren dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die auf den Holzklotz ausgeübte Aufnahmekraft ausgesetzt wird, sobald dieser letztere durch seine Stiftbolzen getragen wird, damit er zuerst, während er durch Schwerkraft um die letzteren schwenkt, eine Gleichgewichtsposition einnimmt, man ihn dann, wenn dieser Klotz in dieser Position stabilisiert ist, zwischen zwei gegenüberliegenden Klemmbacken (6, 7) einklemmt, die jeweils auf eines seiner Enden wirken und so angebracht sind, daß sie sich in Klemmposition um sich selbst drehen können und in Ruhe die eine (7) in einer im wesentlichen horizontalen Ebene angeordnet ist; daraufhin beginnt man mit dem Spaltvorgang, indem an jedes der beiden Enden des Klotzes ein Spaltwerkzeugpaar (10, 13) angreift, das in Ruhe senkrecht zur Ruheebene der an dem entsprechenden Ende anliegenden Klemmbacken (6, 7) angeordnet und so ausgebildet ist, daß es sich im Mittelteil des Klotzes mit dem gegenüberliegenden Paar im Verlauf jedes Spaltvorgangs kreuzen kann und in dem die Verschiebung jedes der beiden gekoppelten Spaltwerkzeuge jeweils durch einen Zylinder angetrieben wird und sich jedes unabhängig vom anderen im Verlauf des Spaltens und in Abhängigkeit von der Richtung der Maserung des Holzes um sich selbst drehen kann; danach verfolgt man diesen Spaltvorgang bis zu dem Zeitpunkt, zu dem jedes Spaltwerkzeugpaar (10, 13) das dem Angriffsende gegenüberliegende Ende des Klotzes erreichen wird, wobei zu diesem Zeitpunkt die beiden Spaltwerkzeugpaare in ihre Ausgangsruhestellung zurückgeführt werden; und schließlich das Lösen der Klemmbacken zu steuern, um die Holzviertel zu befreien, die in einer Kippwiege (30) ruhen werden, aus der sie durch seitliches Kippen auf eine Transportvorrichtung zur Maschine hinter der Anlage entfernt werden.
  2. Spaltverfahren nach Anspruch 1, welches das Spalten eines Holzklotzes in vier Viertel in einem einzigen Spaltvorgang erlaubt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man während des Spaltvorgangs, wenn die beiden Spaltwerkzeugpaare in der Nähe ihres Kreuzungspunktes in ihrem Spaltgang ankommen, die beiden unteren Viertel unterstützt, indem man das Anheben der Wiege (30) steuert, bis diese ihre Rinde berührt, sie jedoch nicht weiter anhebt, um nicht ihre Einklemmung durch die Klemmbacken aufzuheben.
  3. Spaltverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, zum Erhalt von acht Teilstücken aus einem Holzklotz, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man zuerst das ursprüngliche Verfahren bis zu dem Zeitpunkt anwendet, zu dem man nach dem Spaltvorgang in vier Viertel und dem Zurückfahren der Spaltwerkzeuge (10, 13) in ihre Ruheposition, anstatt das Lösen der Klemmbacken (6, 7) zu steuern, jedes Spaltwerkzeugpaar mit seinen beiden Steuerzylindern diametral neigt, so daß jede der Schneiden (10a, 10b, 13a, 13b) in bezug auf die Ebene der Klemmbacken, die auf dem gleichen Ende der Viertel angeordnet sind, einen radialen Winkel von 45° bildet; dann steuert man noch einen zweiten Spaltvorgang, durch den man jedes der zuerst erhaltenen vier Viertel in zwei Teilstücke spaltet; schließlich steuert man, wenn die Spaltwerkzeuge in ihre Ausgangsruhestellung zurückgekehrt sind, das Lösen der Klemmbacken, um die erhaltenen acht Teilstücke des Klotzes in der Kippwiege freizugeben.
  4. Spaltverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man zuerst das ursprüngliche Verfahren anwendet, durch das man vier Viertel erhält, aber anstatt die Entspannung der Klemmbacken (6, 7) zu steuern neigt man im Uhrzeigersinn jedes Spaltwerkzeugpaar (10, 13) mit seinen beiden Steuerzylindern diametral, so daß jede der Schneiden einen radialen Winkel von 60° in bezug auf die Ebene der entsprechenden Klemmbacken bildet; dann steuert man einen zweiten Spaltvorgang, und man hält, wenn die Spaltwerkzeuge in ihre anfängliche Ruhestelung zurückgekehrt sind, die Klemmbacken in Klemmposition, und man stellt die diametrale Neigung jedes Spaltwerkzeugpaars mit seinen beiden Steuerzylindern neu ein, aber in entgegengesetzer Richtung (entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn), so daß jede der Schneiden einen Winkel von 60° in bezug auf die Ebene der entsprechenden Klemmbacken bildet; dann steuert man einen dritten Spaltvorgang, und man steuert, wenn die Spaltwerkzeuge in ihre Ausgangsruhestellung zurückgekehrt sind, die Entspannung der Klemmbacken, um in der Kippwiege die erhaltenen zwölf Teilstücke des Klotzes freizugeben.
  5. Spaltvorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2 und der Nebenverfahren gemäß den Ansprüchen 3 und 4 des Typs mit beweglichen Klemmbacken, die so ausgebildet sind, daß sie einen Holzklotz (B) an seinen Längsenden festklemmen, sowie mit Spaltwerkzeugen, die gleichfalls in der Nähe jedes seiner Enden angeordnet und so ausgebildet sind, daß sie durch Spalten unter dem Druck von Zylindern den Klotz in mehrere Teilstücke aufteilen, deren Anzahl wahlweise vier, acht oder zwölf betragen kann, wobei diese Vorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß sie besteht aus: einem starren Grundgestell (1), auf dessen jeweiligen Längsenden ein Rahmen (2, 3) verschiebbar angebracht und in alternativer Verschiebung für das Festspannen und Lösen der Klemmbacken mittels eines doppeltwirkenden Zylinders (4, 5) angetrieben wird, wobei jeder Rahmen einen Satz von zwei Klemmbacken (6, 7) trägt, die im Abstand voneinander beiderseits ihres Mittelsupports (8, 9) angeordnet sind, der in der Mittelebene des Rahmens und so in der Längsachse des Gestells liegt, wobei der Klemmbackensatz (7) so angebracht ist, daß er in einer vertikalen Ebene um einen der Rahmen (3) schwenkbar ist, während der gegenüberliegende Klemmbackensatz (6) so angebracht ist, daß er in einer horizontalen Ebene um den anderen Rahmen (2) schwenken kann, wobei jeder dieser Rahmen gleichfalls ein Paar oder einen Satz (10, 13) von zwei in derselben Ebene angeordneten Spaltwerkzeugen sowie ihre jeweiligen beiden doppeltwirkenden Zylinder (12, 18) trägt, wobei jedes Spaltwerkzeug auf dem Schaft seines Zylinders so angebracht ist, daß es individuell während des Spaltvorgangs schwenken kann, und die beiden Spaltwerkzeuge jedes Satzes auf jedem Rahmen im Abstand voneinander beiderseits des Mittelsupports (8, 9) des entsprechenden Satzes zweier Klemmbacken und wie ihre jeweiligen Zylinder in einer zur Montageebene des Klemmbackensatzes auf diesem Rahmen vertikalen Ebene angeordnet sind, wobei jedes der Spaltwerkzeuge der beiden Sätze (10, 13) außerdem in Ruhestellung in derselben vertikalen Ebene oder derselben horizontalen Ebene eingestellt sind, in der es mittels eines Führungsnockens (11, 14) angebracht ist, der seine Arbeit einstellt, wenn das betreffende Werkzeug seinen Spaltangriff an dem entsprechenden Ende des Holzklotzes aufnimmt.
  6. Spaltvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mittelsupport (8, 9) jedes Klemmbackensatzes (6, 7) mit zwei Hebeln (16, 17) versehen ist, die mittels eines in ihrem Mittelteil angeordneten Zapfens auf ihm angebracht sind und schwenkbar an jedem ihrer Enden eine langgestreckte Stange (18, 19) tragen, die mit diesen Heben eine Parallelogrammanordnung bildet und an ihrem auf der Höhe der entsprechenden Spaltwerkzeuge (10, 13) angeordneten freien Ende eine der Klemmbacken des Klemmbackensatzes trägt, die schwenkbar angebracht, aber unbetätigt federnd in einer im wesentlichen vertikalen Position zur Achse ihrer Tragstange gehalten wird.
  7. Spaltvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Mittelsupport (8, 9) eines Klemmbackenpaares mit einem von seinem seitlich der Klemmbacken angeordneten Ende vorspringenden Teil (22) in Form einer Rinne versehen ist, das dem Druck einer Feder ausgesetzt und so ausgebildet ist, daß es bei der Beladung mit einem zu spaltenden Holzklotz den entsprechenden, in seinen Kern eingebrachten Tragstiftbolzen (23) aufnimmt.
  8. Spaltvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeweils eine vordere (24) und hintere (25) Stützeinrichtung jedes Zylinderpaars (12, 15) so ausgebildet ist, daß sie maximal um eine achtel Drehung, d.h. 45°, im Uhrzeigersinn und entgegengesetzt zu dieser Richtung um den Mittelsupport (8, 9) jedes Klemmbackensatzes (6, 7) und in bezug auf die jeweilige Ausgangsstellung jedes der Zylinderpaare (12, 15) schwenken kann, die für das Paar (12) in einer vertikalen Ebene und für das andere Paar (15) in einer horizontalen Ebene ist.
  9. Spaltvorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Stützeinrichtung (24, 25) jedes Zylinderpaares so ausgebildet ist, daß sie um 30° in einer Richtung und in der Gegenrichtung schwenken und in jeder dieser Positionen unter Bildung eines Winkels von 60° in bezug auf die Ebene des Satzes der entsprechenden Klemmbacken (6, 7) festgesetzt werden kann, um nach dem ersten Spaltvorgang das Spalten jedes der erhaltenen vier Viertel in drei Viertel zu erlauben.
  10. Spaltvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Klemmbacken jedes der Sätze in Form von langgestreckten und geraden Blöcken ausgebildet sind, von denen jeder mit einer Spannbacke versehen ist, die so ausgebildet ist, daß sie nach außen gleiten kann, wenn die sich im Spaltvorgang befindlichen Viertel durch die Spaltwerkzeuge (10, 13) gespreizt werden, wobei die Spannbacken unter dem Druck einer Feder in ihre Ausgangsstellung zurückgestellt werden, wenn diese Werkzeuge zurückgefahren werden.
  11. Spaltvorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Spannbacke jeder Klemmbacke (6, 7) mit einem Quersupport (6a, 7a) versehen ist, der mit ihr ein Kreuz bildet, wobei dieser Support an jedem seiner Enden mit einem mit Klammern ausgerüsteten Schuh versehen ist, der nach außen verschiebbar vorgesehen werden kann und mittels Feder gegen die Mittelspannbacke zurückgestellt werden kann, wobei dieser Support (6a, 7a) so vorgesehen ist, daß seine Schuhe in der Ruhestellung in einem Maximalwinkel von 80° angeordnet sind, dessen Halbierende in der Mittellinie der Spannbacke liegt.
  12. Spaltvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie mit einer Kippwiege (30) mit zwei Aufnahmeschenkeln (32, 33) versehen ist, die in Auf- und Abverschiebung unabhängig voneinander mittels zweier verschiedener Zylinder (34, 35) gesteuert werden, jedoch gemeinsam mittels eines dritten Zylinders gleichzeitig in Querrichtung gekippt werden können.
  13. Spaltvorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Schenkel (32, 33) der Kippwiege (30) mit einer elastischen Matratze (36) ausgerüstet sind.
  14. Spaltvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Parallogrammsupport jedes der Klemmbackensätze (6, 7) um seinen jeweiligen Mittelsupport (8, 9) schwenkbar angebracht werden kann, um diametral in einer Richtung oder in der anderen in bezug auf seine Ausgangsstellung, horizontal für die eine, vertikal für die andere, in einem Maximalwinkel von 45° und in Zwischenwinkeln geneigt zu werden, wobei die Spaltwerkzeugsätze (10, 13) in diesem Fall der diametralen Neigung der Klemmbackensätze in einer vertikalen Position für den einen (10) und in einer horizontalen Position für den anderen (13) verbleiben.
EP92402960A 1991-11-18 1992-11-02 Verfahren zum Spalten eines Holzklotzes in Viertel und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens Expired - Lifetime EP0543693B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9114165 1991-11-18
FR9114165A FR2683760B1 (fr) 1991-11-18 1991-11-18 Procede de fendage d'une bille de bois en quartiers et machine pour sa mise en óoeuvre.

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EP0543693A1 EP0543693A1 (de) 1993-05-26
EP0543693B1 true EP0543693B1 (de) 1995-06-28

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US (1) US5287902A (de)
EP (1) EP0543693B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH05237814A (de)
AT (1) ATE124312T1 (de)
AU (1) AU658944B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69203216T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2073893T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2683760B1 (de)
HR (1) HRP921304A2 (de)
HU (1) HUH3733A (de)
SI (1) SI9200309A (de)
TW (1) TW211533B (de)
ZA (1) ZA928763B (de)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2731376B1 (fr) * 1995-03-06 1997-04-25 Buhler Rudi Dispositif pour coupe et fente de rondins de bois avec douze couteaux
US5711357A (en) * 1997-02-14 1998-01-27 Smith; John R. Adjustable log splitting head
US6135178A (en) * 1999-06-08 2000-10-24 Faver, Inc. Wood splitting device
DE10052159C2 (de) * 2000-10-20 2003-11-20 Guenter Wickert Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von Holzstammabschnitten
US20080041355A1 (en) * 2006-08-07 2008-02-21 Yeshaya Yarnitsky Process and device for prestressing of solid blocks
US7934524B2 (en) * 2007-05-02 2011-05-03 Priebe Dean R Log splitter system for a front-loader tractor
GB2494459B (en) * 2011-09-12 2015-01-21 Forest Master Ltd Log splitter
RU2591076C2 (ru) * 2013-07-19 2016-07-10 Виктор Кузьмич Сухов Ножевой механизм для бесстружечного деления бревен на секторы
RU203027U1 (ru) * 2019-04-25 2021-03-18 Александр Евгеньевич Самохвалов Устройство для колки дров
CN115157383B (zh) * 2022-08-18 2024-04-02 包雷达 一种农业用自动锯柴设备及方法

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US3974867A (en) * 1975-04-30 1976-08-17 Butas Jr Joseph T Log splitter
US4371020A (en) * 1978-03-13 1983-02-01 Macmillan Bloedel Limited Three-step process for preparation of long wood strands
US4294295A (en) * 1978-09-25 1981-10-13 Bloomfield Farms, Inc. Apparatus for cutting and splitting firewood
US4805676A (en) * 1988-02-16 1989-02-21 Aikins Warren A Automatic whole and multiple tree firewood/hog fuel processor
US4869303A (en) * 1988-08-31 1989-09-26 The Nunnery Wood Processor Co. Firewood processor
FR2662112B1 (fr) * 1990-05-16 1993-11-19 Maurice Jeantelot Procede de fendage de quartiers de bois pour l'obtention de merrains et machine pour sa mise en óoeuvre.

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HUH3733A (en) 1995-07-28
DE69203216D1 (de) 1995-08-03
SI9200309A (en) 1993-06-30
FR2683760A1 (fr) 1993-05-21
HU9203603D0 (en) 1993-03-01
FR2683760B1 (fr) 1994-01-07
AU658944B2 (en) 1995-05-04
TW211533B (de) 1993-08-21
EP0543693A1 (de) 1993-05-26
HRP921304A2 (en) 1995-04-30
DE69203216T2 (de) 1996-02-01
ZA928763B (en) 1993-06-10
ATE124312T1 (de) 1995-07-15
US5287902A (en) 1994-02-22
ES2073893T3 (es) 1995-08-16
AU2836592A (en) 1993-05-20
JPH05237814A (ja) 1993-09-17

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