EP0526317B1 - Teleskopische Munitionspatrone - Google Patents

Teleskopische Munitionspatrone Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0526317B1
EP0526317B1 EP92402146A EP92402146A EP0526317B1 EP 0526317 B1 EP0526317 B1 EP 0526317B1 EP 92402146 A EP92402146 A EP 92402146A EP 92402146 A EP92402146 A EP 92402146A EP 0526317 B1 EP0526317 B1 EP 0526317B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
envelope
end cap
case
munition
munition according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92402146A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0526317A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Ducros
Michel Giraudon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CTA International SAS
Original Assignee
CTA International SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CTA International SAS filed Critical CTA International SAS
Publication of EP0526317A1 publication Critical patent/EP0526317A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0526317B1 publication Critical patent/EP0526317B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/26—Cartridge cases
    • F42B5/30—Cartridge cases of plastics, i.e. the cartridge-case tube is of plastics
    • F42B5/307—Cartridge cases of plastics, i.e. the cartridge-case tube is of plastics formed by assembling several elements
    • F42B5/313—Cartridge cases of plastics, i.e. the cartridge-case tube is of plastics formed by assembling several elements all elements made of plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/24—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile for cleaning; for cooling; for lubricating ; for wear reducing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/26—Cartridge cases

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a telescoped munition, comprising a plastic case consisting of a cylindrical casing and two plugs respectively front and rear located at the two ends of the casing, a projectile and a propellant charge housed inside the case and a propellant charge ignition device.
  • the envelopes and the plugs are also metallic, and elastic means are provided to allow after firing a return of the cases to dimensions allowing their extraction from the chamber.
  • the pressure exerted on the rear cap will then cause the case to rupture at the transition zone between the cylindrical case and the rear cap, that is to say the zone at which the internal diameter of the case is reduced.
  • Patent EP-A-328016 describes a telescoped munition comprising a case made of material with high mechanical resistance.
  • the case has a groove arranged substantially at its median part. This groove has the function of ensuring after firing a return of the holster to its initial axial dimensions which makes it possible to avoid significant efforts during movements of the chamber of the weapon, efforts due to the permanent deformation that risk to present such materials.
  • the object of the invention is to design an ammunition of the telescoped type with a plastic case designed in a different way and equipped with means which allow it in particular to be able to expand axially during the firing of the ammunition.
  • the subject of the invention is an ammunition, in particular a telescoped ammunition, comprising a plastic case consisting of a cylindrical envelope and two plugs respectively front and rear located at the two ends of the casing, a projectile and a propellant charge housed inside the case, and a device for igniting the propellant charge, ammunition characterized in that at least one plugs form a single piece molded with a cylindrical part of the envelope, and integrated axial expansion means are located in the vicinity of the transition zone between the cylindrical part of the envelope and the associated plug.
  • the case may be formed from two elements.
  • the front plug may be in the form of a ring obtained by an internal excess thickness of the cylindrical part of the envelope associated with the case element, the internal wall of the ring connecting to the wall. internal part of the envelope by a frustoconical bearing.
  • the rear plug may be in the form of a base obtained by an internal excess thickness of the part of the envelope associated with the case element, the internal wall of the base being connected to the internal wall of the envelope by a frustoconical bearing.
  • axial expansion means will be given later, but generally they are located in the vicinity of a transition zone between the plugs and the cylindrical part of the case considered. That is to say that they can be located either at the level of the transition zone itself (zone at the level of which the internal diameter of the case is reduced), or at the level of the plugs themselves.
  • the envelope of the case sticks to the internal wall of the chamber of the barrel tube after initiation of the propellant charge, an axial expansion of the case can only occur in the vicinity of the front and rear plugs.
  • the configuration in which the case is formed of two elements (or half cases) according to one of the abovementioned embodiments also has the advantage of facilitating the loading of the ammunition. Indeed, we can set up the projectile relative to a half holster, then introduce the propellant charge into each half holster before assembling the two half holsters thus loaded to each other.
  • agglomerated load for a half-case and a grain load for the other half-case or an agglomerated load in each half-case.
  • the washer will preferably be made of a combustible material, such as nitrocellulose or else paper, or alternatively of a material which can be fragmented during firing.
  • a telescoped munition 1 has been deliberately limited to its cylindrical casing 2, which is here formed of two elements 2a and 2b. These elements are assembled and made integral (for example by ultrasonic welding) after placement of the projectile and the propellant charge (not shown) inside the envelope.
  • the ammunition also includes two plugs, a front plug 4a and a rear plug 4b.
  • each of the two elements 2a and 2b constitutes a half case.
  • Each half-case comprising a cylindrical part 3a, 3b, each cylindrical part being associated with a plug 4a, 4b.
  • the half-case 2a has a cylindrical part 3a open at one end. Towards the other end of the part 3a, the case 2a has a front plug 4a in the form of a ring 5a coming from molding with the part 3a.
  • This ring 5a situated in the extension of the part 3a is formed by an additional thickness of the internal wall of the part 3a.
  • the internal wall of the ring 5a is connected to the internal wall of the associated part 3a by a frustoconical bearing 6a.
  • the ring 5a is intended to receive a projectile (not shown), the positioning of which is described in particular in documents FR-A-2647890 and FR-A-2647891.
  • the half-case 2b has a cylindrical part 3b with a diameter equal to that of the part 3a of the half-case 2a.
  • This part 3b is open at one end and closed at its other end by a rear plug 4b in the form of a base 5b which constitutes a bottom wall of the part 3b.
  • This base 5b came from molding with part 3b.
  • the internal wall of the base 5b is also connected to the internal wall of the part 3b associated by a frustoconical bearing 6b.
  • the two half-cases 2a and 2b are fixed to each other by any suitable means, such as by welding, with possible partial overlapping of the two parts 3a and 3b of the envelope.
  • this linking operation is carried out after installation in the two half-cases 2a and 2b of the projectile and of the propellant charge, as has already been specified previously.
  • the base 5b is pierced with a central opening 5c in which is mounted an ignition device, known per se and not shown, of the propellant charge.
  • the two half-cases 2a and 2b also include axial expansion means which will be the subject of several embodiments given by way of example and described below.
  • these axial expansion means consist of a particular shape given to each half-case 2a and 2b. More specifically, in the example considered here, the reserve of material at the level of the half-case 2a results from an inward curving 7a of the part 3a of the envelope to form an internal annular bead 8a and an annular groove external 9a.
  • this curvature 7a will be located at the transition zone between the part 3a and the associated plug 4a.
  • the half-case 2b has a curvature 7b located in the vicinity of the rear plug 4b and which delimits an internal annular bead 8b and an external annular groove 9b.
  • the two bends 7a and 7b can be filled with two rubber seals 10a and 10b respectively. These seals give the ammunition 1 a smooth external appearance which favors its positioning in the chamber of a weapon.
  • the initiation of the propellant charge generates such pressure inside the half-cases 2a, 2b that they will expand both radially and axially.
  • the cylindrical parts 3a and 3b of the envelope come to stick against the internal wall of the chamber, which prevents any axial expansion at this level.
  • the reserves of material formed by the bends 7a and 7b situated towards the two ends of the half-cases 2a, 2b allow them to expand axially.
  • the axial expansion means are formed at the half-case 2a by an annular groove 12a provided at the outer periphery of the ring 5a.
  • This groove 12a is advantageously located in the vicinity of the frustoconical bearing 6a which connects the ring 5a to the part 3a of the envelope.
  • the edges of the groove 12a are flared so that the introduction of the case of the ammunition is done without snagging inside the barrel tube chamber, without it being necessary to fill the groove 12a with a rubber filling.
  • Similar axial expansion means are for example provided for the half-case 2b in the form of a groove 12b at the outer periphery of the base 5b.
  • the axial expansion means are formed by an annular space 15a provided in the ring 5a.
  • This space 15a extends substantially over the entire length of the ring 5a and it opens inside the part 3a.
  • the ring 5a comprises an external annular wall 5a1 which extends the cylindrical part 3a and has the same thickness as the latter, and an internal annular wall 5a2 substantially of the same thickness as the zone 5a1.
  • the gas pressure can be exerted through the space 15a in the vicinity of the front face of the half-case 2a.
  • the elongation of the half-case can be distributed over its entire length, which avoids breaking at the level of the transition zone between the plug 4a and the part 3a of the envelope.
  • the axial expansion means are constituted at the level of the ring 5a by several annular grooves 16a external to the ring 5a, delimited by surfaces substantially parallel to the frustoconical bearing 6a and separated by fins 16.
  • These fins 16 give the half-case 2a a cylindrical external shape and allow a gradual radial deformation of the ring 5a at the level of the annular grooves 16a during the increase in pressure, therefore an axial deformation of the half -case.
  • the axial expansion means at the base 5b of the half-case 2b are for example constituted by a groove 12b as in the embodiment of Figure 2. Indeed and in general, the axial expansion means are not necessarily the same at the level of the ring 5a and of the base 5b.
  • annular space 15a in the ring 4a of the half-case 2a corresponding to the previous embodiment is replaced by parallel channels 17a of circular section.
  • These channels each open into the interior of the envelope through an opening 18a which is located at the frustoconical surface 6a which connects the internal wall of the ring 5a and the cylindrical part 3a of the envelope.
  • the axial expansion means at the level of the base 5b of the half-case 2b are for example also constituted by parallel channels 17b which each open out through an opening 18b at a frustoconical surface 6b which connects the internal wall of the base 5b and the cylindrical part 3b of the envelope.
  • the channels 17a can have a rectangular or oblong section to increase the surface of the openings 18a and thus decrease the surface of the frustoconical surface 6a on which the pressure will be exerted. This limits the risk of rupture between the part 3a of the casing and the ring 5a when the pressure builds up inside the case following the initiation of the propellant charge.
  • FIGS. 4 and 4a are also well suited to injection manufacturing since the thicknesses of material can be substantially uniform.
  • an anti-wear supplement 20 such as a mixture of titanium dioxide and wax to limit wear of the barrel tube chamber. This mixture is pushed out of the case by the pressure of the gases when the projectile is ejected.
  • the mixture 20 is placed at the bottom of the space 15a provided in the ring 5a, and there are openings 31 in the internal wall 5a2 of the ring 5a to allow the mixture 20 to be pushed out of the case 2 by the pressure of the gases as soon as the projectile is ejected from the ammunition 1.
  • the projectile closes the openings 31 when it is in place in the case of the ammunition 1.
  • the space 15a will be closed, at its level of communication with the interior of the half-case 2a, by a closing spangle to prevent the mixture 20 from combining with the propellant change.
  • the mixture 20 is placed at the bottom of each of the channels 17a of the ring 5a, and there is provided at the bottom of each of these channels 17a an inclined passage 33 which opens to the outside and to the front of ring 5a.
  • These passages 33 are closed by a closing disc (not shown) fixed to the front of the ring 5a, this disc ejects during the pressure build-up.
  • a closure spangle can be provided at the level of the openings 18a through which the channels 17a open out inside the half-case 2a.
  • these passages 33 can be radial openings as in the case of FIG. 3a.
  • the invention can also be applied to a munition comprising a single case closed by a plug.
  • Figure 5 shows such ammunition in which the casing 2 carries at its front part a plug 5a which is capable of translating under the effect of the gas pressure.
  • the rear plug 5b is formed in one piece with the casing 2 and axial expansion means are provided at the transition zone between the casing 2 and the plug 5b. These means are of the type described with reference to FIG. 1, they include curvatures 7a and 7b delimiting an annular bead 8b and an external groove 9b.
  • the plug 5a is positioned on the envelope after the propellant charge has been placed inside the latter. It will carry the projectile, the installation of which is described with reference to patents FR-A-2647890 and FR-A-2647891.
  • the gas pressure causes the envelope which expands against the internal wall of the chamber to expand.
  • the pressure also pushes the front plug 5a which translates relative to the envelope. It also pushes the rear plug 5b, the movement of which is authorized by the axial expansion means provided at the level of the transition zone between the envelope and the plug.
  • the expansion means will then be arranged at the transition zone between the envelope and the front plug and may be chosen from the examples described above.
  • the materials used in the context of the preceding variants are plastics of the thermoplastic type such as polycarbonates.
  • the plastic material used to make the two half-cases can allow elongation without breaking the case, which requires a relatively rigid material in the range of operating temperatures (-40 ° C, + 60 ° C) but which exhibits a high rate of elongation when it is subjected to significant stresses during firing, it is then possible to eliminate the axial expansion means described above, the plastic material by its only properties allowing the axial expansion of the case.
  • thermoplastic elastomer type A material of the thermoplastic elastomer type may be used. These materials are elastomers, that is to say that they are capable of deforming under stress without variation in volume and of recovering approximately their initial dimensions when the stress ceases (practically the elongation at break is greater at 300%). But they are qualified as thermoplastics because for the reduced stresses, their tension / elongation curve is closer to that of thermoplastics (Lels polycarbonates) than traditional elastomers.
  • copolymers based on polyurethane such as ESTANE or DESMOPAN, Trademarks
  • polyester such as HYTREL by Du Pont or ARNITEL by Akzo , Trademarks
  • polyamide such as DYNIL or PEBAX from Atochem, Trademarks
  • the same munition can have axial expansion means according to the invention only at the level of one of the elements constituting its case, the other element being able to be designed differently.
  • the separation between the two half-cases can be located more or less close to the front and rear caps.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Munition, teleskopartig zusammengeschoben, mit einer Hülse aus Kunststoff, bestehend aus einem zylindrischen Mantel (2) und zwei Stopfen, einem vorn (4a) und einem hinten (4b), die sich an beiden Enden des Mantels befinden, einem Geschoß und einer Treibladung im Inneren der Hülse, sowie einer Zündvorrichtung für die Treibladung, gekennzeichnet durch folgendes:
    mindestens einer der Stopfen (4a, 4b) wird mit dem zylindrischen Teil (3a, 3b) des Mantels (2) aus einem Stück geformt,
    in der Nähe des Übergangsbereichs zwischen dem zylindrischen Teil (3a, 3b) des Mantels und dem dazugehörigen Stopfen (4a, 4b) befinden sich Mittel zur axialen Dehnung.
  2. Munition gemäß Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Hülse aus zwei Elementen (2a, 2b) besteht.
  3. Munition gemäß Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß der vordere Stopfen (4a) ringförmig ist (5a). Den Ring erzielt man durch eine interne Verdickung des zylindrischen Teils (3a) des Mantels, der zum Hülsenelement (2a) gehört, wobei die Innenwand des Rings (5a) an die Innenwand des Teils (3a) des Mantels durch eine Kegelstumpfauflage (6a) angeschlossen ist.
  4. Munition gemäß Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß der hintere Stopfen (4b) die Form eines Bodens (5b) hat, den man durch eine interne Verdickung des Teils (3b) des Mantels erzielt, der zum Hülsenelement (2b) gehört, wobei die Innenwand des Bodens (5b) über eine Kegelstumpfauflage (6b) mit der Innenwand des Mantels (3b) verbunden ist.
  5. Munition gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Mittel zur axialen Dehnung aus einer Materialreserve bestehen, die sich durch eine Krümmung (8a, 8b) des Teils (3a, 3b) des Mantels nach innen ergibt und einen inneren Ringwulst (9a, 9b) und eine äußere Ringnut (7a, 7b) bildet.
  6. Munition gemäß Anspruch 5, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Ringnut (9a, 9b) durch eine Gummidichtung (10a, 10b) gefüllt wird.
  7. Munition gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Mittel zur axialen Dehnung aus einer Nut (12a, 12b) bestehen, die in der äußeren Oberfläche des Stopfens (4a, 4b) angebracht wird.
  8. Munition nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Mittel zur axialen Dehnung aus einem Ringraum (15a) bestehen, der im Stopfen (4a, 4b) angebracht wird und in den Teil (3a, 3b) des Mantels mündet, der zum Hülsenelement (2a, 2b) gehört.
  9. Munition gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Mittel zur axialen Dehnung aus parallelen Kanälen (17a) bestehen, die im Stopfen (4a, 4b) angebracht werden und über Öffnungen (18a) im Bereich der Kegelstumpfauflage (6a, 6b) des Stopfens (4a, 4b) in den Teil (3a, 3b) des Mantels münden.
  10. Munition gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Mittel zur axialen Dehnung aus Ringnuten (16a) bestehen, die an der äußeren Fläche des Stopfens (4a, 4b) angebracht und von den in etwa zur Kegelstumpfauflage (6a) parallelen Flächen begrenzt und von Rippen (16) getrennt werden.
  11. Munition gemäß Anspruch 8, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß ein abnutzungshemmender Zusatz (20) im Raum (15a) des vorderen Stopfens (4a) untergebracht wird, der durch Öffnungen (31) nach außen verbunden ist, um es dem Zusatz (20) zur ermöglichen, unter der Einwirkung des Gasdrucks ausgestoßen zu werden.
  12. Munition gemäß Anspruch 11, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Öffnungen (31) in der Innenwand (5a2) des vorderen Stopfens (5a) liegen und vom Geschoß verschlossen werden, solange dieses noch nicht ausgestoßen ist.
  13. Munition gemäß Anspruch 9, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß ein abnutzungshemmender Zusatz (20) in den Kanälen (17a) des vorderen Stopfens (4a) untergebracht ist, wobei diese Kanäle durch Passagen (33) nach draußen münden, so daß der Zusatz (20) unter der Einwirkung des Gasdrucks austreten kann.
  14. Munition gemäß Anspruch 13, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Passagen (33), die an der Vorderseite des Stopfens (4a) nach draußen münden, durch eine Verschlußscheibe verschlossen werden, die beim Druckanstieg abgeworfen wird.
  15. Munition gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Hülse aus thermoplastischem Elastomer gefertigt wird, der als Mittel zur axialen Dehnung dient.
EP92402146A 1991-07-31 1992-07-24 Teleskopische Munitionspatrone Expired - Lifetime EP0526317B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9109727A FR2679993B1 (fr) 1991-07-31 1991-07-31 Munition, en particulier du type telescope.
FR9109727 1991-07-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0526317A1 EP0526317A1 (de) 1993-02-03
EP0526317B1 true EP0526317B1 (de) 1996-04-03

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92402146A Expired - Lifetime EP0526317B1 (de) 1991-07-31 1992-07-24 Teleskopische Munitionspatrone

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5233928A (de)
EP (1) EP0526317B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69209583T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2679993B1 (de)
NO (1) NO923000L (de)

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EP2663830B1 (de) 2011-01-14 2015-04-01 PCP Tactical, LLC Hochfestes polymerbasiertes kartuschengehäuse und herstellungsverfahren dafür
US10197366B2 (en) 2011-01-14 2019-02-05 Pcp Tactical, Llc Polymer-based cartridge casing for blank and subsonic ammunition
US8869702B2 (en) * 2011-01-14 2014-10-28 Pcp Tactical, Llc Variable inside shoulder polymer cartridge
USD715888S1 (en) 2012-01-13 2014-10-21 Pcp Tactical, Llc Radiused insert
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US11448491B2 (en) 2018-07-30 2022-09-20 Pcp Tactical, Llc Polymer cartridge with enhanced snapfit metal insert and thickness ratios
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO923000D0 (no) 1992-07-30
EP0526317A1 (de) 1993-02-03
NO923000L (no) 1993-02-01
DE69209583D1 (de) 1996-05-09
DE69209583T2 (de) 1996-09-19
FR2679993A1 (fr) 1993-02-05
US5233928A (en) 1993-08-10
FR2679993B1 (fr) 1995-02-24

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