EP0526316B1 - Munition, insbesondere Teleskopartige Munition - Google Patents

Munition, insbesondere Teleskopartige Munition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0526316B1
EP0526316B1 EP92402145A EP92402145A EP0526316B1 EP 0526316 B1 EP0526316 B1 EP 0526316B1 EP 92402145 A EP92402145 A EP 92402145A EP 92402145 A EP92402145 A EP 92402145A EP 0526316 B1 EP0526316 B1 EP 0526316B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ring
envelope
projectile
munition
munition according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92402145A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0526316A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Ducros
Michel Desevaux
Christian De Veth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CTA International SAS
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Publication of EP0526316A1 publication Critical patent/EP0526316A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0526316B1 publication Critical patent/EP0526316B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/045—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile of telescopic type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements made to ammunition, in particular of the telescoped type, comprising a plastic case consisting of a cylindrical casing and two plugs respectively front and rear engaged at the two ends of the casing, a projectile and a propellant charge housed inside the case, and a propellant charge ignition device.
  • the projectile housed inside the holster is not set when the ammunition is loaded into the barrel tube chamber. Also, the pressure of the gases resulting from the initiation of the propellant charge will move the projectile to put it at station first and propel it inside the barrel tube in a second time. It follows that the ammunition must be perfectly sealed to prevent any gas leakage, in particular at the front of the ammunition as long as the projectile is not yet stationed.
  • ammunition cases may also be made of plastic, as is notably known from documents US-4777098, FR-A, 2647890 and FR-A, 2647891 on which the preamble of independent claim 1 is based.
  • the solutions to the aforementioned problems must take into account the specific characteristics of plastics. Indeed, the expansion coefficients of these materials are such that they cause significant length variations for the case (of the order of 1% for the whole temperature range), so that it is essential to provide , unlike ammunition with metal cases, sufficient axial clearance between the case and the barrel tube chamber.
  • FRA2647891 is silent on the sealing means to be provided between plugs and casing and gives no details on a possible translation of the plugs.
  • Patent USA3897729 also describes an ammunition with a plastic case in which it is sought to limit the translation of the front plug under the effect of the pressure of the gases.
  • the object of the invention is to design a plastic case ammunition, in a manner known per se, but which is provided with the means necessary to solve all of the problems posed in particular at the level of the sealing and translation of the plugs, taking into account the effects exerted on the plastic by the increase in pressure inside the case after initiating the propellant charge.
  • the invention provides a munition of the aforementioned type which is characterized in that it also comprises sealing means between the plugs and the casing, means for axially retaining the plugs before initiating the propellant charge, the caps being mounted so as to be able to translate while remaining linked to the envelope after initiation of the propellant charge, and in that the sealing means provided between the envelope and the front plug and / or the rear plug consist of an annular seal integral with the plug in question and having a lip d '' an outside diameter before mounting greater than the inside diameter of the envelope.
  • the front plug consists of a ring terminated at one end by an annular lip seal, so that the body of the ring is in sliding contact with the casing and the annular lip seal in close contact with said casing, the rear cap also provided with a lip seal being mounted in a manner analogous to that of the front cap.
  • the axial retention means of the plugs are for example constituted by radial pins which pass through the casing to penetrate inside the plugs, these pins shearing or deforming after initiation of the propellant charge to allow the plug to translate relative to the envelope while remaining linked to it.
  • the plugs have a sufficient length to remain linked to the envelope after their displacement in translation resulting from the initiation of the propellant charge.
  • means are provided at the front and rear plugs to prevent the creep of the plastic after the initiation of the propellant charge.
  • means are provided which hold the projectile in the axis of the ammunition in particular during the manipulations which precede the firing of the projectile.
  • a munition according to the invention has all the means necessary to solve the problems encountered before, during and after the firing of the projectile.
  • the means of implementation are simple and inexpensive.
  • the telescoped ammunition shown in Figure 1 comprises, in a manner known per se, a plastic case 2 consisting of a cylindrical casing 3 and two plugs respectively front 4 and rear 5, a projectile 6 (partially shown in lines mixed) and a propellant charge 7 housed inside the case 2, and an ignition device 8 of the propellant charge 7.
  • the case and the front and rear plugs are made for example of polycarbonate.
  • the front plug 4 is constituted by a ring 4a extended at one end by an annular seal 10 with lip 10a, the latter having an external diameter, before mounting, greater than the internal diameter of the envelope 3.
  • the ring 4a is engaged, on the side of its seal 10, inside the envelope 3, so that the body of the ring 4a is in sliding contact with the internal wall of the envelope 3, while the seal 10 is in tight contact with its lip 10a with said envelope 3.
  • the ring 4a is engaged in the envelope 3 until a shoulder 11 provided on the external surface of the ring 4a comes into contact with the adjacent end surface of the envelope 3. Concretely, the ring 4a is engaged over a length L1 inside the envelope 3.
  • the rear plug 5 is a solid cylindrical body or base 5a which closes the other end of the envelope 3.
  • the base 5a Towards one end, the base 5a also has an annular seal 13 with lip 13a.
  • the outside diameters of the base 5a and of its lip seal 13 are such that the body of the base 5a is in sliding contact with the internal wall of the casing 3, while its seal 13 is in tight contact with its lip 13a with said envelope 3.
  • the base 5a is engaged in the envelope 3 until a shoulder 14 provided on the external surface of the base 5a comes into contact with the adjacent end surface of the envelope 3. Concretely, the base 5a is engaged over a length L2 inside the envelope 3.
  • the gas sealing means consisting of seals 10 and 13 also include an annular expansion groove 15 provided at the outer periphery of the body of the ring 4a.
  • means for sealing external agents in particular moisture, constituted by an annular seal 16 received in an external annular groove in the body of the ring 4a, by an annular seal 17 received. in an external annular groove of the body of the base 5a, and by a plastic cover 20 welded on a surface 21 arranged at the end of the ring 4a.
  • the ammunition 1 is equipped with axial retaining means for the ring 4a and the base 5a as long as the case 2 is not subjected to the pressure increase resulting from the initiation of the propellant charge after the munition has been put in place. in the barrel.
  • these means of retained are constituted by radial pins 25 which pass through the casing 3 and which penetrate respectively inside the body of the ring 4a and the body of the base 5a.
  • the increase in pressure inside the case 2 causes an increase in the diameter of the envelope 3 which will stick to the inner wall of the combustion chamber.
  • the front 4 and rear 5 plugs are stiffened by metal reinforcements.
  • the metal ring 26 is mounted on the side of the outer end face of the ring 4a by being either forcibly engaged in an annular groove provided at the end surface of the ring 4a, or embedded in the ring 4a during the molding operation thereof.
  • a similar arrangement is provided for the metal ring 27 which reinforces the rigidity of the base 5a.
  • the rings 26 and 27 have external diameters close to the internal diameter of the envelope 3 and are located outside of the latter to prevent their expansion causing rupture of the envelope 3. However, they are close enough to the envelope 3 to prevent the plastic from creeping between them and the envelope 3.
  • Reinforcements at the base 5a where the maximum pressure is exerted during the firing of the projectile complementary may advantageously be provided in the form of a metal plate 28 covering the external face of the base 5a.
  • the aforementioned ring 27 can advantageously be secured to this plate 28, the base 5a then being molded onto it (FIG. 3).
  • the plate 28 pierced with a central opening for the passage of the ignition device 8 is maintained by the latter once it is screwed into the axial passage passing through the plug 5.
  • the front 4 and rear 5 plugs remain linked to the casing 2 by means of the pins 25 until the ammunition is loaded into the chamber of the barrel tube.
  • the pressure inside the munition is such that the pins 25 will either shear or deform sufficiently to allow the translation of the ring 4a and the base 5a, the latter always remaining linked to the envelope 2, so that it can then be extracted simultaneously with the envelope once the projectile has been fired.
  • the gas-tightness means at the level of the base 5a of the ammunition 1 can be completed by a metal ring 30 in the form frusto-conical tightly fitted inside the casing 2 and which comes to bear against the lip 13a, or by an annular rubber seal 31 disposed on the end of the lip 13a, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the pins 25 which ensure the axial retention of the front 4 and rear 5 plugs can be replaced by ultrasonic welds 35 made at the shoulders 11 of the ring 4a and 14 of the base 5a, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the pins 25 and the ultrasonic welds 35 can be replaced by elastomer seals.
  • an axial clearance of 1 to 3 mm is left between the shoulder 11 of the ring 4a and the adjacent free end surface of the casing 2, and an equivalent clearance between the shoulder 14 of the base 5a and l adjacent free end of the envelope 3.
  • These annular spaces are filled with an elastomer seal 36 which will ensure the axial maintenance of the ring 4a and of the base 5a with respect to the envelope 3.
  • the ring 4a and the base 5a can move in translation without breaking the seals 36. It may thus be possible to remove the lips 10a and 13a from the seals 10 and 13, that is to say stressed parts likely to see their mechanical characteristics deteriorate over time. In this case, the ring 4a and the base 5b are engaged in tight contact in the casing 3.
  • the metal reinforcement of the front ring 4a consisting of the metal ring 26 can be replaced by a rigid annular element 38 in the form of a disc which comes to fit, for example on the front end of the ring 4a, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • a rigid annular element 38 in the form of a disc which comes to fit, for example on the front end of the ring 4a, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • such an element can be attached to the base 5a and replace the metal ring 27 and / or the plate 28.
  • the ammunition 1 is advantageously supplemented by means which make it possible to maintain the projectile 6 axially inside the ammunition 1 before the initiation of the propellant charge 7.
  • the ammunition 1 illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7 are equipped with sub-calibrated arrow type projectiles 6a.
  • a type of projectile 6a comprises a shoe 40 which surrounds the front part of the projectile, and it ends in a tail unit 41. At its front part, the shoe 40 comes into contact with the internal surface of the ring 4a with interposition of a belt 42 to ensure a good seal at this level.
  • the projectile 6a is kept aligned in the axis of the ammunition 1 by means of an annular shoulder 43 projecting from the internal wall of the ring 4a and against which the surface of end of the shoe 40. When firing, this shoulder 43 is sheared.
  • the axial retention of the projectile 6a can be completed by the ignition device 8 axially aligned with the projectile. It suffices for this to rest the tail 41 on a ring 44 attached to the adjacent end surface of the ignition device 8 and to provide notches there for example in which are housed the fins 41a of the tail 41.
  • the projectile 6a is kept aligned in the axis of the ammunition 1 by means of an elastic ring 45 attached in part in an annular groove 46 provided in the internal wall of the ring 4a and against which bears on the end surface of the shoe 40.
  • an elastic ring 45 attached in part in an annular groove 46 provided in the internal wall of the ring 4a and against which bears on the end surface of the shoe 40.
  • the axial retention of the projectile 41 can be completed at its empennage 41 by a wedge 49 such as that described in the document FR-A-2 647 891.
  • the means for holding the projectile in the axis of the ammunition and as illustrated in Figures 8 to 10 relate to ammunition 1 equipped with 6b full caliber projectiles.
  • the projectile 6b carries at its front part a cap 50 which has an internal profile corresponding to the external profiles of the ballistic warhead 51 and of the external surface 52 of the front part of the projectile 6b.
  • the cap 50 made integral with the projectile by bonding, comprises an internal crown 53a and a crown external 53b connected by radial partitions (not shown) and by a conical partition 55, the external crown 53b being in close contact with the ring 4a.
  • the axial retention of the projectile 6b is ensured by elastic ring 60 attached in part in a groove 61 provided on the internal surface of the ring 4a and against which the free end surface of the cap 50.
  • the axial retention of the projectile is completed by the ignition device 8, the end of which engages in a housing 63 arranged at the rear part of the projectile 6b.
  • the projectile 6b is equipped with a tracer 66 at its rear part, -if although it is not possible to penetrate the ignition device 8 in a housing at the rear of the projectile 6b.
  • a crown 67 can be provided attached to the end of the ignition device 8 and on which the tracer 66 comes to bear.
  • the projectile 6b also comprises at its rear part a tracer 66, and the means for axially retaining the projectile 6b are here supplemented by a threaded sleeve 70 which engages on a thread arranged around the tracer 66, and in which is housed the end of the ignition device 8.
  • the shearing of the threads occurs during the pressure build-up, so that one can play on their dimensions and / or their number to control the uncocking effort, that is to say the one from which the projectile 6b leaves the case.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Axle Suspensions And Sidecars For Cycles (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Claims (21)

  1. Teleskopartig zusammengeschobene Munition mit einer Kapsel aus Kunststoff, bestehend aus einem zylindrischen Mantel und zwei vordere und hintere Stopfen, die in die beiden Enden des Mantels eingefügt sind, aus einem Projektil und einer Antriebsladung im Kapselinneren, einer Zündvorrichtung für die Antriebsladung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie Abdichtungssysteme (10, 13) zwischen den Stopfen und dem Mantel (3), Axial-Rückhaltesysteme der Stopfen (4, 5) vor dem Zünden der Antriebslast (7) enthält, wobei die Stopfen (4, 5) so montiert sind, daß sie sich verschieben können und dabei mit dem Mantel (3) nach dem Zünden der Antriebsladung (7) verbunden bleiben, und darin, daß die zwischen dem Mantel und dem vorderen Stopfen (4) und / oder dem hinteren Stopfen (5) vorgesehenen Abdichtungssysteme aus einer Ringdichtung (10, 13) bestehen, die fest mit dem betroffenen Stopfen verbunden ist und eine Lippe (10a, 13a) aufweist, deren Außendurchmesser vor der Montage größer ist als der Innendurchmesser des Mantels (3).
  2. Munition gemäß Anspruch 1, bei der der vordere Stopfen (4) aus einem Ring (4a) besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ringdichtung (10) ein Ende des Rings (4) verlängert, wobei der Ring (4a) in Gleitberührung mit dem Mantel (3) ist, während die Lippe (10a) der Dichtung (10) knapp in den Mantel (3) paßt.
  3. Munition gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, bei der der hintere Stopfen (5) aus einem Munitionsboden (5a) besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ringdichtung (13) ein Ende des Munitionsbodens (5a) verlängert, wobei der Munitionsboden (5a) in Gleitkontakt in den Mantel (3) eingefügt ist, während die Lippe (13a) der Dichtung (13) knapp in den Mantel (3) paßt.
  4. Munition gemäß einem der oben genannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der vordere Stopfen (4a) und der hintere Stopfen (5a) jeweils über eine Länge ins Innere des Mantels (3) ragen, die größer ist als die Entfernung, über die sie sich nach dem Zünden der Antriebsladung (7) verschieben.
  5. Munition gemäß einem der oben genannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der vordere Stopfen (5) und der hintere Stopfen (5) durch Metallverstärkungssysteme (26, 27, 38) versteift sind.
  6. Munition gemäß einem der oben genannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verstärkungssysteme auf der Ebene des vorderen Stopfens (4) aus mindestens einem Metallring (26) bestehen.
  7. Munition gemäß dem Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verstärkungssysteme auf der Ebene des hinteren Stopfens (5) aus mindestens einem Metallring (27) bestehen.
  8. Munition gemäß Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verstärkungssysteme auf der Ebene des hinteren Stopfens (5) durch eine Metallplatte (28) ergänzt werden, die an die Außenfläche des hinteren Stopfens (5) angebaut wird.
  9. Munition gemäß Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Metallring (27) fest mit der Metallplatte (28) verbunden ist.
  10. Munition gemäß dem Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verstärkungssysteme aus einem Ringelement (38) in Scheibenform bestehen, das auf den Ring (4a) und auf denr Munitionsboden (5a) paßt.
  11. Munition gemäß einem beliebigen der oben genannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Axial-Rückhaltesysteme des vorderen (4) und des hinteren (5) Stopfens aus Stiften (25) bestehen, die durch den Mantel (3) dringen und jeweils in das Innere des vorderen (4) und des hinteren (5) Stopfens reichen.
  12. Munition gemäß einem beliebigen der irgenwelchen Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Axial-Rückhaltesysteme des vorderen (4) und des hinteren (5) Stopfens aus Ultraschallschweißungen (35) bestehen, die die Stopfen mit dem Mantel (3) verbinden.
  13. Munition gemäß einem beliebigen der irgenwelchen Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der vordere Stopfen (4) außen einen Ansatz (11) aufweist, der die danebenliegende Endfläche des Mantels (3) berührt, und daß der hintere Stopfen (5) ebenfalls außen einen Ansatz (14) hat, der die danebenliegende Endfläche des Mantels (3) berührt.
  14. Munition gemäß Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Elastomerdichtung (36) zwischen den Ansätzen (11 und 14) und den danebenliegenden Endflächen des Mantels (3) eingefügt ist.
  15. Munition gemäß einem beliebigen der oben genannten Ansprüche, bei der Haltesysteme des Projektils (6) in Fluchtung mit der Achse der Munition (1) vorgesehen sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei einem Projektil (6a) mit kleinerem Kaliber und des Pfeiltyps, umgeben mit einer Kufe (40), die Haltesysteme einen Ansatz (43) aufweisen, der an der Innenwand des vorderen Stopfens (4) vorspringt und aus einem Ring (4a) besteht, auf dem die Endfläche der Kufe (40) aufliegt.
  16. Munition gemäß Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ansatz (43) aus einem elastischen Ring (45) besteht, der zum Teil in einer Ringnut (46) verläuft, die in der Innenwand des Rings (4a) angebracht ist.
  17. Munition gemäß Anspruch 15 oder 16, bei der das Projektil (6a) hinten in einem Federsystem (41) endet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Federsystem (41) auf der Endfläche der Zündvorrichtung (8) axial mit dem Projektil (6a) gefluchtet aufliegt.
  18. Munition gemäß einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, in der Haltesysteme für das Projektil (6) vorgesehen sind, das auf der Achse der Munition (1) gefluchtet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei einem Projektil (6b) mit vollem Kaliber und mit einer Haube (50), die fest mit dem Projektil (6b) verbunden ist und in enger Berührung mit dem vorderen Stopfen (4) aus einem Ring (4a) steht, die Haltesysteme einen Ansatz (65) auf der Innenwand des Rings (4a) aufweisen, auf den die freie Endfläche der Haube (50) aufliegt.
  19. Munition gemäß Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ansatz (65) aus einem elastischen Ring (60) besteht, der zum Teil in einer Nut (61) in der Innenwand des Rings (4a) angebaut ist.
  20. Munition gemäß Anspruch 18 oder 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der hintere Teil des Projektils (6b) auf der Endfläche der Zündvorrichtung (8), die axial mit dem Projektil (6b) gefluchtet ist, aufliegt.
  21. Munition gemäß Anspruch 18 oder 19, bei der der hintere Teil des Projektils (6b) in einem Leuchtsatz (66) endet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Axial-Haltesysteme des Projektils (6b) durch einen Gewindestutzen (70) vervollständigt werden, der auf ein Gewinde um den Leuchtsatz (66) geschraubt wird, und der das Ende der Zündvorrichtung (8) aufnimmt.
EP92402145A 1991-07-31 1992-07-24 Munition, insbesondere Teleskopartige Munition Expired - Lifetime EP0526316B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9109724 1991-07-31
FR9109724A FR2679991B1 (fr) 1991-07-31 1991-07-31 Perfectionnements apportes a une munition en particulier du type telescope.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0526316A1 EP0526316A1 (de) 1993-02-03
EP0526316B1 true EP0526316B1 (de) 1996-01-03

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Family Applications (1)

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EP92402145A Expired - Lifetime EP0526316B1 (de) 1991-07-31 1992-07-24 Munition, insbesondere Teleskopartige Munition

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0526316B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69207300T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2679991B1 (de)
NO (1) NO176851C (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2702553B1 (fr) * 1993-03-12 1995-04-28 Giat Ind Sa Munition de type télescopée.
FR2702555B1 (fr) * 1993-03-12 1995-04-28 Giat Ind Sa Etui pour une munition de type télescopée.
FR2717570B1 (fr) * 1994-03-16 1996-05-10 Giat Ind Sa Munition comportant un appoint anti-usure.

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3897729A (en) * 1970-05-02 1975-08-05 Schirnecker Hans Ludwig Cartridge for firearms
FR2647891B1 (fr) * 1989-06-01 1994-05-20 Etat Francais Delegue Armement Dispositif de maintien d'un projectile sous-calibre relativement a l'enveloppe d'une munition telescopee
FR2647890A1 (fr) * 1989-06-01 1990-12-07 France Etat Armement Dispositif de maintien d'un projectile relativement a l'enveloppe d'une munition telescopee

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2679991A1 (fr) 1993-02-05
NO176851C (no) 1995-06-07
NO922999L (no) 1993-02-01
EP0526316A1 (de) 1993-02-03
FR2679991B1 (fr) 1993-10-29
DE69207300T2 (de) 1996-05-30
NO176851B (no) 1995-02-27
DE69207300D1 (de) 1996-02-15
NO922999D0 (no) 1992-07-30

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