EP0518715B1 - Press for heterogeneous waste materials - Google Patents

Press for heterogeneous waste materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0518715B1
EP0518715B1 EP92401415A EP92401415A EP0518715B1 EP 0518715 B1 EP0518715 B1 EP 0518715B1 EP 92401415 A EP92401415 A EP 92401415A EP 92401415 A EP92401415 A EP 92401415A EP 0518715 B1 EP0518715 B1 EP 0518715B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slide
pressing chamber
waste
press
solid phase
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP92401415A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0518715A1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Gourdol
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Neyrpic Framatome Mecanique
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Neyrpic Framatome Mecanique
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/04—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams
    • B30B9/06—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams co-operating with permeable casings or strainers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/04—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams
    • B30B9/042—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams co-operating with casings mounted on a movable carrier, e.g. turntable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a press for heterogeneous waste.
  • waste consists of a liquid phase containing only organic products and a solid phase containing metallic, mineral and synthetic materials.
  • the wall of said chamber has a multitude of perforations opening into an evacuation channel for the liquid phase extracted by compression of the waste.
  • the outlet of the pressing chamber is generally closed by a plug carried by a rod of a second cylinder opposite the first.
  • the pistons of the two cylinders are movable alternately between, on the one hand, a first position for compressing the waste and for discharging the liquid phase during which the piston of the first cylinder enters the pressing chamber and the piston of the second cylinder closes the outlet orifice of said chamber and, on the other hand, a second position for evacuating the solid phase during which the piston of the first jack continues its stroke and the piston of the second jack releases the outlet of said pressing chamber.
  • the piston stroke of the second cylinder is relatively large. This stroke corresponds to a thickness of the solid phase, which implies a relatively long response time.
  • the object of the present invention is to avoid these drawbacks and to propose a press which is simple to produce, that is to say using conventional means, and which makes it possible to obtain performance both in terms of quality and quantity .
  • the press shown in FIG. 1 comprises a frame 1 supporting in particular a receptacle 2 forming a supply zone 3 for heterogeneous waste.
  • the feed zone 3 is open upwards and surmounted by a hopper 4 fitted with at least one gland, not shown, making it possible to introduce waste into said feed zone 3.
  • This supply zone 3 has two opposite lateral openings 5 and 6 of cross section adapted to that of a compression piston 7 of a jack 8, for example hydraulic supporting the frame 1.
  • the piston 7 is movable between the opening 5 and a position located beyond the other opening 6 of the supply zone 3.
  • the opening 6 of the supply zone 3 opens into a pressing chamber 9 coaxial with this supply zone 3.
  • the opening 6 is provided with a ring 10, the face of which faces the pressing chamber 9 is in the form of a cylinder portion.
  • the pressing chamber 9 is formed by a die 11 of section equal to that of the compression piston 7 and pierced with a multitude of small calibrated passages 11a for the evacuation of the liquid phase at the time of pressing of the waste in room 9.
  • the die 11 is mounted in a blind bore 12a formed in a drawer 12 die holder, angularly movable between a first position bringing the pressing chamber 9 into communication with the supply zone 3, and a second position bringing said chamber into communication pressing 9 with an airlock 13 for evacuating the solid phase after pressing the waste.
  • the drawer 12 has a single orifice 14 serving both to enter the pressing chamber 9 of the waste to be pressed and to exit from said chamber 9 the solid phase of said compacted waste.
  • the end 11b of the die 11 in contact with the ring 10 has a shape complementary to said ring 10.
  • the face of the ring 10 in contact with the end of the die 11 is equipped with a seal 15 ensuring the seal between this ring 10 and the die 11.
  • the slide 12 is mounted articulated in the frame 1 of the press by means of two lateral and opposite axes 12b, each coming to be housed in an adjustable bearing 16 integral with said frame.
  • the drawer 12 is connected to means for controlling the movement of the said drawer which are formed by a jack 17 (FIG. 2) whose body 17a is mounted articulated around an axis 18 on the frame 1 and whose end of the rod 17b is connected to the drawer 12 by a fork joint 19.
  • a jack 17 (FIG. 2) whose body 17a is mounted articulated around an axis 18 on the frame 1 and whose end of the rod 17b is connected to the drawer 12 by a fork joint 19.
  • the drawer 12 also includes means for discharging the solid phase and means for discharging the liquid phase from the die 11.
  • the means for evacuating the solid phase of the waste from the pressing chamber 9 are formed by a low-effort jack 20 (Figs. 2 and 3) arranged coaxially with said pressing chamber and integral with the drawer 12.
  • the rod 20a of the jack 20 slides in a through bore 21 axially passing through the bottom of the slide 12.
  • the bore 21 comprises, in its central part an annular pressure relief chamber 22 ensuring recovery from possible leaks.
  • the free end of the rod 20a carries a disc 23 forming the bottom of the pressing chamber 9 and of dimensions complementary to the die 11.
  • the disc 23 is supported on the bottom of the blind bore 12a of the drawer 12, during the pressing of the waste in the pressing chamber 9, which allows the recovery of the pressing force directly on the drawer 12, therefore independently of the actuator 20 for controlling this disc.
  • the means for discharging the liquid phase of the waste from the pressing chamber 9 are formed by at least one channel 24 peripheral to the die 11 communicating, on the one hand, with the calibrated passages 11a of said die and, on the other hand part, with a collector 25 for recovering the liquid phase by a conduit 26 passing through one of the axes 12b of the drawer 12.
  • the collector 25 is located outside the drawer 12.
  • the heterogeneous waste to be treated is introduced into the hopper 4 and pushed into the feed zone 3 for example by a gland, not shown.
  • the drawer 12 is also in a position as shown in FIG. 1, that is to say that the die is in the axis of the compression piston 7, so that the pressing chamber 9 communicates with the supply zone 3 through the orifice 6.
  • the disc 23 is supported in the bottom of the pressing chamber 9.
  • the piston 7 controlled by the jack 8 moves towards the pressing chamber 9 by pushing the waste contained in the feed zone 3 towards said chamber 9.
  • the liquid phase is expressed of this raw waste and is discharged to the collector 25 through the calibrated passages 11a and the conduit 26.
  • control cylinder 17 is then actuated so that the slide 12 pivots around the axes 12b, in the bearings 16, thus putting the pressing chamber 9 into communication with the airlock 13 for evacuating the solid phase, as shown in the Fig. 4.
  • the jack 20 is pressurized so that the disc 23 moves axially in the die 11 and causes the extraction of the solid phase of the waste from the pressing chamber 9 towards the airlock 13.
  • the disc 23 When the solid parts have been removed from said pressing chamber 9, the disc 23 returns to its initial position under the action of the jack 20 and the control jack 17 ensures the tilting in the opposite direction of the drawer 12 in order to put the pressing chamber 9 with the feed zone 3 for a new operating cycle similar to the previous one.
  • This system has the advantage of directly using the bottom of the pressing chamber to take up the maximum force of the press via a fixed element integral with the frame and therefore to remove any movable member for closing the bottom. of this pressing chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Description

La présente invention a pour objet une presse pour déchets hétérogènes.The present invention relates to a press for heterogeneous waste.

Depuis plusieurs années, le volume grandissant des déchets et notamment des ordures ménagères oblige à rechercher des solutions permettant de traiter et de valoriser ces déchets.For several years now, the growing volume of waste and in particular household waste has forced us to seek solutions that make it possible to treat and recycle this waste.

On a déjà pensé à utiliser comme combustible de tels déchets, mais la présence dans ceux-ci d'une forte teneur en eau et de produits incombustibles ne permet de produire qu'une énergie trop faible.It has already been thought of using such waste as fuel, but the presence in it of a high water content and of non-combustible products makes it possible to produce only too low energy.

En effet, de tels déchets sont constitués par une phase liquide ne contenant que des produits organiques et par une phase solide contenant des matières métalliques, minérales et synthétiques.In fact, such waste consists of a liquid phase containing only organic products and a solid phase containing metallic, mineral and synthetic materials.

Une solution consiste à presser ces déchets, ce qui permet d'obtenir, d'une part, des résidus suffisamment secs pour constituer un combustible présentant un pouvoir calorifique acceptable et, d'autre part, des substances fluides utilisables selon leur nature, en agriculture comme produits d'amendement des sols ou comme matières premières à partir desquelles on peut extraire des produits chimiques.One solution consists in pressing this waste, which makes it possible, on the one hand, to obtain residues sufficiently dry to constitute a fuel having an acceptable calorific value and, on the other hand, fluid substances usable according to their nature, in agriculture. as soil conditioners or as raw materials from which chemicals can be extracted.

On connaît déjà des dispositifs permettant de comprimer ces déchets qui sont le plus souvent constitués par des presses hydrauliques comportant une zone d'alimentation recevant les déchets à traiter, une chambre de pressage reliée à des moyens de récupération de la phase liquide, voir par exemple US-A-3980014
   Cette chambre de pressage comprend un orifice d'entrée, un orifice de sortie et possède une section égale à celle d'un piston de compression d'un premier vérin.Devices are already known for compressing this waste, which most often consists of hydraulic presses comprising a feeding zone receiving the waste to be treated, a pressing chamber connected to means for recovering the liquid phase, see for example US-A-3980014
This pressing chamber comprises an inlet orifice, an outlet orifice and has a section equal to that of a compression piston of a first cylinder.

La paroi de ladite chambre comporte une multitude de perforations débouchant dans un canal d'évacuation de la phase liquide extraite par compression des déchets.The wall of said chamber has a multitude of perforations opening into an evacuation channel for the liquid phase extracted by compression of the waste.

L'orifice de sortie de la chambre de pressage est généralement obturé par un bouchon porté par une tige d'un second vérin opposé au premier.The outlet of the pressing chamber is generally closed by a plug carried by a rod of a second cylinder opposite the first.

Les pistons des deux vérins sont mobiles alternativement entre, d'une part, une première position de compression des déchets et d'évacuation de la phase liquide lors de laquelle le piston du premier vérin pénètre dans la chambre de pressage et le piston du second vérin obture l'orifice de sortie de ladite chambre et, d'autre part, une seconde position d'évacuation de la phase solide lors de laquelle le piston du premier vérin continue sa course et le piston du deuxième vérin libère l'orifice de sortie de ladite chambre de pressage.The pistons of the two cylinders are movable alternately between, on the one hand, a first position for compressing the waste and for discharging the liquid phase during which the piston of the first cylinder enters the pressing chamber and the piston of the second cylinder closes the outlet orifice of said chamber and, on the other hand, a second position for evacuating the solid phase during which the piston of the first jack continues its stroke and the piston of the second jack releases the outlet of said pressing chamber.

Mais ce type de presse comporte des inconvénients.However, this type of press has drawbacks.

En effet, compte-tenu des efforts importants engendrés au moment du pressage des déchets, l'étanchéité n'est pas totalement réalisée au niveau de l'orifice de sortie de la chambre de pressage par le piston du second vérin, si bien que des fuites de liquide peuvent se produire et pénétrer dans la chambre d'évacuation de la phase solide, réduisant d'autant le pouvoir calorifique de cette phase solide.In fact, taking into account the significant efforts generated during the pressing of the waste, the sealing is not completely achieved at the outlet orifice of the pressing chamber by the piston of the second cylinder, so that Liquid leaks can occur and enter the evacuation chamber of the solid phase, thereby reducing the calorific value of this solid phase.

Par ailleurs, la course du piston du second vérin est relativement importante. Cette course correspond à une épaisseur de la phase solide, ce qui implique un temps de réponse relativement long.Furthermore, the piston stroke of the second cylinder is relatively large. This stroke corresponds to a thickness of the solid phase, which implies a relatively long response time.

Le but de la présente invention est d'éviter ces inconvénients et de proposer une presse qui soit simple à réaliser, c'est à dire en utilisant des moyens classiques, et qui permet d'obtenir des performances aussi bien d'ordre qualitatif que quantitatif.The object of the present invention is to avoid these drawbacks and to propose a press which is simple to produce, that is to say using conventional means, and which makes it possible to obtain performance both in terms of quality and quantity .

La présente invention a donc pour objet une presse pour déchets hétérogènes comprenant une phase solide et une phase liquide, ladite presse comportant:

  • un bâti,
  • une zone d'alimentation recevant les déchets hétérogènes, ouverte vers le haut et présentant deux ouvertures latérales opposées de section adaptée à celle d'un piston de compression mobile entre l'une des ouvertures de la zone d'alimentation et une position située au-delà de l'autre ouverture de ladite zone d'alimentation,
  • une chambre de pressage des déchets pour la séparation de la phase solide et de la phase liquide formée par une filière de section égale à celle du piston de compression et comportant des passages calibrés reliant ladite chambre de pressage à un collecteur de récupération de la phase liquide,
  • et un sas d'évacuation de la phase solide, caractérisée en ce que la filière est montée dans un tiroir mobile angulairement entre une première position mettant en communication la chambre de pressage avec la zone d'alimentation et une seconde position mettant en communication ladite chambre de pressage avec le sas d'évacuation de la phase solide.
The present invention therefore relates to a press for heterogeneous waste comprising a solid phase and a liquid phase, said press comprising:
  • a frame,
  • a feed zone receiving heterogeneous waste, open upwards and having two opposite lateral openings of cross section adapted to that of a mobile compression piston between one of the openings of the feed zone and a position located above beyond the other opening of said feeding zone,
  • a waste pressing chamber for the separation of the solid phase and the liquid phase formed by a die of section equal to that of the compression piston and having calibrated passages connecting said pressing chamber to a collector for recovering the liquid phase ,
  • and an airlock for evacuating the solid phase, characterized in that the die is mounted in a drawer angularly movable between a first position bringing the pressing chamber into communication with the supply zone and a second position putting said chamber into communication pressing with the solid phase evacuation lock.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • le tiroir comporte un orifice unique d'entrée dans la chambre de pressage des déchets à presser et de sortie de ladite chambre de pressage de la phase solide desdits déchets pressés,
  • le tiroir est monté articulé dans le bâti de la presse par l'intermédiaire de deux axes latéraux opposés venant chacun se loger dans un palier solidaire dudit bâti,
  • le tiroir est relié à des moyens de commande du déplacement angulaire dudit tiroir,
  • les moyens de commande sont formés par un vérin dont le corps est monté articulé sur le bâti de la presse et dont l'extrémité de la tige est reliée au tiroir par une articulation en chape,
  • le tiroir comporte des moyens d'évacuation de la phase solide et des moyens d'évacuation de la phase liquide,
  • les moyens d'évacuation de la phase solide sont formés par un vérin disposé coaxialement à la chambre de pressage et solidaire dudit tiroir,
  • la tige dudit vérin traverse le tiroir et comporte à son extrémité libre un disque formant le fond de la chambre de pressage et de dimensions complémentaires à la filière,
  • les moyens d'évacuation de la phase liquide sont formés par au moins un canal périphérique à la filière, communiquant avec les passages calibrés de ladite filière et le collecteur de récupération situé à l'extérieur du tiroir.
According to other characteristics of the invention:
  • the drawer has a single orifice for entering the pressing chamber of the waste to be pressed and for leaving said pressing chamber for the solid phase of said pressed waste,
  • the drawer is mounted articulated in the press frame by means of two opposite lateral axes, each coming to be housed in a bearing secured to said frame,
  • the drawer is connected to means of control of the angular displacement of said drawer,
  • the control means are formed by a jack whose body is mounted articulated on the press frame and whose end of the rod is connected to the drawer by a fork joint,
  • the drawer includes means for discharging the solid phase and means for discharging the liquid phase,
  • the means for discharging the solid phase are formed by a jack arranged coaxially with the pressing chamber and integral with said drawer,
  • the rod of said jack passes through the drawer and comprises at its free end a disc forming the bottom of the pressing chamber and of dimensions complementary to the die,
  • the means for evacuating the liquid phase are formed by at least one channel peripheral to the die, communicating with the calibrated passages of said die and the recovery collector located outside the drawer.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront au cours de la description qui va suivre, faite en se référant aux dessins annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple et sur lesquels :

  • la Fig. 1 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'une presse réalisée conformément à l'invention,
  • la Fig. 2 est une vue en coupe et à plus grande échelle du tiroir porte-filière et des moyens de manoeuvre, en position de pressage des déchets,
  • la Fig. 3 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne 3-3 de la Fig. 2,
  • la Fig. 4 est une vue en coupe du tiroir porte-filière en position d'évacuation de la phase solide des déchets.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear during the description which follows, made with reference to the appended drawings given solely by way of example and in which:
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of a press produced in accordance with the invention,
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view on a larger scale of the die holder drawer and the operating means, in the waste pressing position,
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view along line 3-3 of FIG. 2,
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the die holder drawer in the position for discharging the solid phase of the waste.

La presse représentée à la Fig. 1 comporte un bâti 1 supportant notamment un réceptacle 2 formant une zone d'alimentation 3 des déchets hétérogènes.The press shown in FIG. 1 comprises a frame 1 supporting in particular a receptacle 2 forming a supply zone 3 for heterogeneous waste.

A cet effet, la zone d'alimentation 3 est ouverte vers le haut et surmontée par une trémie 4 équipée au moins d'un fouloir, non représenté, permettant d'introduire des déchets dans ladite zone d'alimentation 3.To this end, the feed zone 3 is open upwards and surmounted by a hopper 4 fitted with at least one gland, not shown, making it possible to introduce waste into said feed zone 3.

Cette zone d'alimentation 3 présente deux ouvertures latérales, opposées 5 et 6 de section adaptée à celle d'un piston de compression 7 d'un vérin 8, par exemple hydraulique supportant le bâti 1.This supply zone 3 has two opposite lateral openings 5 and 6 of cross section adapted to that of a compression piston 7 of a jack 8, for example hydraulic supporting the frame 1.

Le piston 7 est mobile entre l'ouverture 5 et une position située au-delà de l'autre ouverture 6 de la zone d'alimentation 3.The piston 7 is movable between the opening 5 and a position located beyond the other opening 6 of the supply zone 3.

L'ouverture 6 de la zone d'alimentation 3 débouche dans une chambre de pressage 9 coaxiale à cette zone d'alimentation 3.The opening 6 of the supply zone 3 opens into a pressing chamber 9 coaxial with this supply zone 3.

L'ouverture 6 est pourvue d'une bague 10 dont la face orientée vers la chambre de pressage 9 est en forme de portion de cylindre.The opening 6 is provided with a ring 10, the face of which faces the pressing chamber 9 is in the form of a cylinder portion.

Comme représenté à plus grande échelle sur les Figs. 2 et 3, la chambre de pressage 9 est formée par une filière 11 de section égale à celle du piston de compression 7 et percée d'une multitude de petits passages calibrés 11a pour l'évacuation de la phase liquide au moment du pressage des déchets dans la chambre 9.As shown on a larger scale in Figs. 2 and 3, the pressing chamber 9 is formed by a die 11 of section equal to that of the compression piston 7 and pierced with a multitude of small calibrated passages 11a for the evacuation of the liquid phase at the time of pressing of the waste in room 9.

La filière 11 est montée dans un alésage borgne 12a ménagé dans un tiroir 12 porte-filière, mobile angulairement entre une première position mettant en communication la chambre de pressage 9 avec la zone d'alimentation 3, et une seconde position mettant en communication ladite chambre de pressage 9 avec un sas 13 d'évacuation de la phase solide après le pressage des déchets.The die 11 is mounted in a blind bore 12a formed in a drawer 12 die holder, angularly movable between a first position bringing the pressing chamber 9 into communication with the supply zone 3, and a second position bringing said chamber into communication pressing 9 with an airlock 13 for evacuating the solid phase after pressing the waste.

Le tiroir 12 comporte un orifice unique 14 servant, à la fois, d'entrée dans la chambre de pressage 9 des déchets à presser et de sortie de ladite chambre 9 de la phase solide desdits déchets compactés.The drawer 12 has a single orifice 14 serving both to enter the pressing chamber 9 of the waste to be pressed and to exit from said chamber 9 the solid phase of said compacted waste.

L'extrémité 11b de la filière 11 en contact avec la bague 10 a une forme complémentaire à ladite bague 10.The end 11b of the die 11 in contact with the ring 10 has a shape complementary to said ring 10.

La face de la bague 10 en contact avec l'extrémité de la filière 11 est équipée d'un joint 15 assurant l'étanchéité entre cette bague 10 et la filière 11.The face of the ring 10 in contact with the end of the die 11 is equipped with a seal 15 ensuring the seal between this ring 10 and the die 11.

Comme représenté à la Fig.3, le tiroir 12 est monté articulé dans le bâti 1 de la presse par l'intermédiaire de deux axes 12b latéraux et opposés, venant chacun se loger dans un palier 16 réglable et solidaire dudit bâti.As shown in Fig.3, the slide 12 is mounted articulated in the frame 1 of the press by means of two lateral and opposite axes 12b, each coming to be housed in an adjustable bearing 16 integral with said frame.

Le tiroir 12 est relié à des moyens de commande du déplacement dudit tiroir qui sont formés par un vérin 17 (Fig. 2) dont le corps 17a est monté articulé autour d'un axe 18 sur le bâti 1 et dont l'extrémité de la tige 17b est reliée au tiroir 12 par une articulation en chape 19.The drawer 12 is connected to means for controlling the movement of the said drawer which are formed by a jack 17 (FIG. 2) whose body 17a is mounted articulated around an axis 18 on the frame 1 and whose end of the rod 17b is connected to the drawer 12 by a fork joint 19.

Le tiroir 12 comporte également des moyens d'évacuation de la phase solide et des moyens d'évacuation de la phase liquide de la filière 11.The drawer 12 also includes means for discharging the solid phase and means for discharging the liquid phase from the die 11.

Les moyens d'évacuation de la phase solide des déchets de la chambre de pressage 9 sont formés par un vérin 20 à faible effort (Figs. 2 et 3) disposé coaxialement à ladite chambre de pressage et solidaire du tiroir 12.The means for evacuating the solid phase of the waste from the pressing chamber 9 are formed by a low-effort jack 20 (Figs. 2 and 3) arranged coaxially with said pressing chamber and integral with the drawer 12.

La tige 20a du vérin 20 coulisse dans un alésage débouchant 21 traversant axialement le fond du tiroir 12.The rod 20a of the jack 20 slides in a through bore 21 axially passing through the bottom of the slide 12.

L'alésage 21 comporte, dans sa partie centrale une chambre annulaire 22 de décompression assurant une récupération de fuites éventuelles. L'extrémité libre de la tige 20a porte un disque 23 formant le fond de la chambre de pressage 9 et de dimensions complémentaires à la filière 11.The bore 21 comprises, in its central part an annular pressure relief chamber 22 ensuring recovery from possible leaks. The free end of the rod 20a carries a disc 23 forming the bottom of the pressing chamber 9 and of dimensions complementary to the die 11.

Le disque 23 est en appui sur le fond de l'alésage borgne 12a du tiroir 12, pendant le pressage des déchets dans la chambre de pressage 9, ce qui permet de réaliser la reprise de l'effort de pressage directement sur le tiroir 12, donc indépendamment du vérin 20 de commande de ce disque.The disc 23 is supported on the bottom of the blind bore 12a of the drawer 12, during the pressing of the waste in the pressing chamber 9, which allows the recovery of the pressing force directly on the drawer 12, therefore independently of the actuator 20 for controlling this disc.

Les moyens d'évacuation de la phase liquide des déchets de la chambre de pressage 9 sont formés par au moins un canal 24 périphérique à la filière 11 communiquant, d'une part, avec les passages calibrés 11a de ladite filière et, d'autre part, avec un collecteur 25 de récupération de la phase liquide par un conduit 26 traversant l'un des axes 12b du tiroir 12.The means for discharging the liquid phase of the waste from the pressing chamber 9 are formed by at least one channel 24 peripheral to the die 11 communicating, on the one hand, with the calibrated passages 11a of said die and, on the other hand part, with a collector 25 for recovering the liquid phase by a conduit 26 passing through one of the axes 12b of the drawer 12.

Le collecteur 25 est situé à l'extérieur du tiroir 12.The collector 25 is located outside the drawer 12.

Le fonctionnement de la presse décrite ci-dessus est le suivant.The operation of the press described above is as follows.

Les déchets hétérogènes à traiter sont introduits dans la trémie 4 et poussés dans la zone d'alimentation 3 par exemple par un fouloir, non représenté.The heterogeneous waste to be treated is introduced into the hopper 4 and pushed into the feed zone 3 for example by a gland, not shown.

Au début du cycle de traitement, de manière à permettre l'introduction des déchets dans la zone d'alimentation 3, le piston est en position dégagée comme représentée sur la Fig. 1.At the start of the treatment cycle, so as to allow the introduction of the waste into the feed zone 3, the piston is in the released position as shown in FIG. 1.

Le tiroir 12 est également dans une position comme représentée à la Fig. 1, c'est à dire que la filière est dans l'axe du piston de compression 7, de manière que la chambre de pressage 9 communique avec la zone d'alimentation 3 par l'orifice 6.The drawer 12 is also in a position as shown in FIG. 1, that is to say that the die is in the axis of the compression piston 7, so that the pressing chamber 9 communicates with the supply zone 3 through the orifice 6.

Le disque 23 est en appui dans le fond de la chambre de pressage 9.The disc 23 is supported in the bottom of the pressing chamber 9.

Le piston 7 commandé par le vérin 8, se déplace vers la chambre de pressage 9 en poussant les déchets contenus dans la zone d'alimentation 3 vers ladite chambre 9.The piston 7 controlled by the jack 8 moves towards the pressing chamber 9 by pushing the waste contained in the feed zone 3 towards said chamber 9.

Le piston 7, en poursuivant son avance, pousse les déchets dans la chambre de pressage 9 jusqu'à l'obtention d'une forte pression et elle les comprime dans celle-ci contre le disque 23 en appui sur le fond de l'alésage borgne 12a ménagé dans le tiroir 12, ce qui permet de réaliser la reprise de l'effort de pressage directement sur le tiroir 12. Lors de la compression des déchets dans la chambre de pressage 9, la phase liquide est exprimée de ces déchets bruts et est évacuée vers le collecteur 25 par les passages calibrés 11a et le conduit 26.The piston 7, continuing its advance, pushes the waste into the pressing chamber 9 until a high pressure is obtained and it compresses it therein against the disc 23 bearing on the bottom of the bore blind 12a formed in the drawer 12, which allows the recovery of the pressing force directly on the drawer 12. During the compression of the waste in the pressing chamber 9, the liquid phase is expressed of this raw waste and is discharged to the collector 25 through the calibrated passages 11a and the conduit 26.

Le pressage des déchets étant terminé, le piston de compression 7 est ramené dans sa position initiale par le vérin 8.The pressing of the waste being finished, the compression piston 7 is returned to its initial position by the jack 8.

Le vérin de commande 17 est alors actionné si bien que le tiroir 12 pivote autour des axes 12b, dans les paliers 16, mettant ainsi en communication la chambre de pressage 9 avec le sas 13 d'évacuation de la phase solide, comme représenté sur la Fig. 4.The control cylinder 17 is then actuated so that the slide 12 pivots around the axes 12b, in the bearings 16, thus putting the pressing chamber 9 into communication with the airlock 13 for evacuating the solid phase, as shown in the Fig. 4.

Ensuite, le vérin 20 est mis sous pression de tel sorte que le disque 23 se déplace axialement dans la filière 11 et provoque l'extraction de la phase solide des déchets de la chambre de pressage 9 vers le sas 13.Then, the jack 20 is pressurized so that the disc 23 moves axially in the die 11 and causes the extraction of the solid phase of the waste from the pressing chamber 9 towards the airlock 13.

Lorsque les parties solides ont été évacuées de ladite chambre de pressage 9, le disque 23 revient à sa position initiale sous l'action du vérin 20 et le vérin de commande 17 assure le basculement en sens inverse du tiroir 12 afin de mettre en communication la chambre de pressage 9 avec la zone d'alimentation 3 pour un nouveau cycle de fonctionnement semblable au précédent.When the solid parts have been removed from said pressing chamber 9, the disc 23 returns to its initial position under the action of the jack 20 and the control jack 17 ensures the tilting in the opposite direction of the drawer 12 in order to put the pressing chamber 9 with the feed zone 3 for a new operating cycle similar to the previous one.

Ce système présente l'avantage d'utiliser directement le fond de la chambre de pressage pour reprendre l'effort maximal de la presse par l'intermédiaire d'un élément fixe solidaire du bâti et par conséquent de supprimer tout organe mobile pour obturer le fond de cette chambre de pressage.This system has the advantage of directly using the bottom of the pressing chamber to take up the maximum force of the press via a fixed element integral with the frame and therefore to remove any movable member for closing the bottom. of this pressing chamber.

Il permet également de réaliser l'étanchéité entre la partie fixe et la partie mobile de la presse dans une zone de basse pression et de limiter la course du piston de compression.It also allows sealing between the fixed part and the mobile part of the press in a low pressure area and to limit the stroke of the compression piston.

Claims (9)

  1. Press for heterogeneous waste comprising a solid phase and a liquid phase, the maid press comprising:
    - a frame (1),
    - a feed area (3) receiving the heterogeneous waste which is open towards the top and has two opposing lateral openings (5, 6) with a cross section adapted to that of a compression piston (7) which is movable between one (5) of the openings in the feed area (3) and a position situated beyond the other opening (6) in the said feed area,
    - a chamber (9) for pressing the waste in order to separate the solid phase and the liquid phase, formed by a die (11) with a cross section equal to that of the compression piston (7) and comprising calibrated passages (11a) connecting the said pressing chamber (9) to a receiver (25) for recovering the liquid phase,
    - and a hatch (13) for discharging the solid phase,
    characterised in that the die (11) is mounted in a slide (12) which is movable angularly between a first position putting the pressing chamber (9) in communication with the feed area (3) and a second position putting the said pressing chamber (9) in communication with the hatch (13) for discharging the solid phase.
  2. Press according to Claim 1, characterised in that the slide (12) has a single orifice (14) for the waste to be pressed to enter the pressing chamber (9) and for the solid phase of the said pressed waste to leave the said pressing chamber (9).
  3. Press according to Claim 1, characterised in that the slide (12) is pivotally mounted on the frame (1) of the press by means of two opposing lateral shafts (12b), each accommodated in a bearing (16) integral with the frame (1).
  4. Press according to Claim 1, characterised in that the slide (12) is connected to means (17) for controlling the angular movement of the said slide.
  5. Press according to Claim 4, characterised in that the control means are formed by a ram (17), the body (17a) of which is pivotally mounted on the frame (1) of the press and the end of the stem (17b) or which is connected to the slide (12) by a clevis-type joint (19).
  6. Press according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the slide (12) comprises means (20, 23) for discharging the solid phase and means (24, 26) for discharging the liquid phase.
  7. Press according to Claim 6, characterised in that the means for discharging the solid phase are formed by a ram (20) disposed coaxially with the pressing chamber (9) and integral with the said slide (12).
  8. Press according to Claim 7, characterised in that the stem (20a) of the said ram (20) passes through the slide (12) and has at its free end a disc (23) forming the end of the pressing chamber (9) and with dimensions which match the die (11).
  9. Press according to Claim 6, characterised in that the means for discharging the liquid phase are formed by at least one channel (24) at the periphery of the die (11) communicating with the calibrated passages (11a) of the said die (11) and the recovery receiver (25) situated outside the slide (12).
EP92401415A 1991-06-11 1992-05-22 Press for heterogeneous waste materials Expired - Lifetime EP0518715B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9107087A FR2677579B1 (en) 1991-06-11 1991-06-11 HETEROGENEOUS WASTE COMPACTION PRESS.
FR9107087 1991-06-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0518715A1 EP0518715A1 (en) 1992-12-16
EP0518715B1 true EP0518715B1 (en) 1994-09-07

Family

ID=9413690

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92401415A Expired - Lifetime EP0518715B1 (en) 1991-06-11 1992-05-22 Press for heterogeneous waste materials

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US5251552A (en)
EP (1) EP0518715B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06198494A (en)
DE (1) DE69200384T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2677579B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5865113A (en) * 1997-12-11 1999-02-02 Weber; Irvon Material densifying and separating device
BRPI0710071A2 (en) * 2006-02-22 2011-08-02 Hydraform Developments Proprietary Ltd automatic block making machine
NL1040442C2 (en) 2013-10-13 2015-04-14 Technologies Holding B V D DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PRESSING ORGANIC MATERIAL FROM WASTE.
DE202014008037U1 (en) * 2014-10-10 2014-11-03 Tobias Flaig Device for briquetting materials
EP3429767A1 (en) * 2016-03-18 2019-01-23 Anaergia B.V. Door for solid waste press

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DE337607C (en) * 1921-06-04 Fritz Doehle Piston press for fruits
US230449A (en) * 1880-07-27 Cotton-press
DE334777C (en) * 1921-03-19 Fritz Doehle Fruit press
US214838A (en) * 1879-04-29 Improvement in cotton and hay presses
US782843A (en) * 1903-11-05 1905-02-21 Eli P Geib Lard-press.
US1696474A (en) * 1925-02-23 1928-12-25 Dutzmann Wilhelm Press for treating boards of alkaline cellulose and the like
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US2817891A (en) * 1955-12-14 1957-12-31 Zweigle Ernst Machine for producing briquettes
SE315807B (en) * 1965-06-21 1969-10-06 O Ohlsson
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US3980014A (en) * 1974-05-14 1976-09-14 Henry Manufacturing Company Briquetting machine
GB1542257A (en) * 1976-12-02 1979-03-14 Nat Res Dev Presses
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CH628837A5 (en) * 1979-03-27 1982-03-31 Bema Engineering Sa METHOD FOR SEPARATING COMPRESSION OF WASTE, APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD, BRICK AND SLUDGE RESULTING FROM THIS PROCESS AND USE OF SAID SLUDGE.
US4421022A (en) * 1980-03-31 1983-12-20 Burgin Kermit H Apparatus for producing and collecting a liquid extract and a dry by-product from a mash
US4397231A (en) * 1980-03-31 1983-08-09 Burgin Kermit H Apparatus for producing and collecting a liquid extract and a dry by-product from a mash
BE897159A (en) * 1983-06-29 1983-10-17 Presses Et Cisailles Lefort S Rubbish compressing and draining assembly - has combination of piston and movable compression chamber walls
FR2577167A1 (en) * 1985-02-08 1986-08-14 Eloy Maurice Phase-separation press
FR2615443A1 (en) * 1987-05-22 1988-11-25 Fives Cail Babcock Refuse press
DE3720149A1 (en) * 1987-06-16 1989-01-05 Wmf Wuerttemberg Metallwaren COFFEE MACHINE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5251552A (en) 1993-10-12
DE69200384D1 (en) 1994-10-13
JPH06198494A (en) 1994-07-19
FR2677579A1 (en) 1992-12-18
EP0518715A1 (en) 1992-12-16
FR2677579B1 (en) 1993-10-15
DE69200384T2 (en) 1995-02-16

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