EP0504452A1 - Procédé et appareil pour charger des particules - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour charger des particules Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0504452A1
EP0504452A1 EP91104307A EP91104307A EP0504452A1 EP 0504452 A1 EP0504452 A1 EP 0504452A1 EP 91104307 A EP91104307 A EP 91104307A EP 91104307 A EP91104307 A EP 91104307A EP 0504452 A1 EP0504452 A1 EP 0504452A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
particles
electrode
friction
charging
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91104307A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0504452B1 (fr
Inventor
Bernd Dr. Gellert
Andreas Kwetkus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
ABB AB
Original Assignee
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Asea Brown Boveri AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd, Asea Brown Boveri AB filed Critical ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Priority to ES91104307T priority Critical patent/ES2075238T3/es
Priority to DE59105873T priority patent/DE59105873D1/de
Priority to EP91104307A priority patent/EP0504452B1/fr
Priority to US07/884,198 priority patent/US5288305A/en
Publication of EP0504452A1 publication Critical patent/EP0504452A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0504452B1 publication Critical patent/EP0504452B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
    • B03C7/003—Pretreatment of the solids prior to electrostatic separation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/16—Plant or installations having external electricity supply wet type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/28—Plant or installations without electricity supply, e.g. using electrets
    • B03C3/30—Plant or installations without electricity supply, e.g. using electrets in which electrostatic charge is generated by passage of the gases, i.e. tribo-electricity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/38—Particle charging or ionising stations, e.g. using electric discharge, radioactive radiation or flames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
    • B03C7/006—Charging without electricity supply, e.g. by tribo-electricity, pyroelectricity

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for charging particles by charging the particles in a friction charger and subsequent separation.
  • the invention further relates to a device for performing the method.
  • Friction chargers of this type are described, for example, in the brochure "ESB electrostatic automatic powder coating systems", page 13, from the company ESB, Meersburg (FRG), undated. This charge strongly depends on the dielectric properties of the particles. A good insulator is charged differently than a bad one, so that the good insulator material can be separated from the bad one in an electrical field. Depending on the combination of the materials to be separated, even charges with different polarity can occur. More charges are brought onto the particles by several impacts; however not as many as in previous shots because ultimately saturation is reached. Efficient friction superchargers should achieve this "maximum" charge density with as few impacts as possible.
  • the invention has for its object to provide methods for efficiently charging particles.
  • the object of the invention is also to provide a device suitable for carrying out the method.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in a method of the type mentioned at the outset in that the particles are precharged by irradiation with UV radiation before the final charging takes place in the friction charger.
  • the physical mechanism (the work function of the electrons from the material) of the charge transfer changes in a positive way for precharged particles in the friction charger.
  • the charge difference between the particles achieved when impacting with the neutral wall (in the friction charger) is particularly increased, because one polarity discharges while the other receives additional charges. This results in better selectivity.
  • UV excimer lamp As described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,837,484 EP-A-0 254 111.
  • UV excimer lamp generate high-energy UV radiation in a well-defined wavelength range and their geometry can be easily adapted to the process.
  • the main advantage of these emitters is that the radiation is very narrow-band (monochromatic), so that very specific energies of the photons are emitted. It can be charged very effectively and selectively.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for the selective charging of ash-forming and sulfur-containing constituents in pulverized coal because these constituents are charged differently than particles which practically consist entirely of coal.
  • the device for carrying out the method according to the invention essentially comprises a UV emitter, preferably a UV excimer emitter, through the irradiation space of which the particle stream to be irradiated can be passed, which emitter is connected directly upstream of a friction charger.
  • the UV excimer emitter is preferably designed as an internal cylinder emitter and has two concentric ones dielectric tubes, of which the one facing the radiation chamber consists of dielectric material, preferably quartz.
  • the surface of the inner tube facing the radiation chamber is provided with an electrode which is transparent to UV radiation.
  • the other tube consists of metal or likewise of dielectric material which is provided with an electrode on the outside.
  • the downstream friction charger essentially comprises a cylindrical tube with an inside diameter that corresponds approximately to the inside width of the irradiation area of the UV lamp.
  • the device for charging particles shown in FIG. 1 comprises a UV irradiation device 1 and a friction charger 2 directly adjoining it.
  • the UV irradiation device consists of two concentric quartz tubes 3, 4, which have an annular space between them, the discharge space 5, set free.
  • the outer quartz tube 3 is provided on the outside with a metallization 6, which serves as an outer electrode.
  • a metal tube or metal grid can also be used.
  • a high voltage source 8 is connected to the two electrodes 6 and 7 such that the inner electrode 7 is at ground potential.
  • a protective tube 9 made of quartz covers the inner electrode 7 from the inside. The interior of the protective tube 9 forms the radiation chamber 10.
  • the discharge space 5 is filled with a gas or gas mixture which forms excimers under discharge conditions.
  • a gas or gas mixture which forms excimers under discharge conditions.
  • UV excimer emitters of the type described are known and are the subject of the European patent application mentioned at the outset, where the gases or gas mixtures in the discharge space 5 are also described in detail in relation to the wavelength of the UV radiation generated.
  • UV lamp 1 In addition to the illustrated embodiment of the UV lamp 1, other configurations are also suitable, for example UV excimer lamps as described in German Offenlegungsschriften 40 10 190 or 40 22 279.
  • the friction charger 2 consists essentially of an earthed metal tube 11. Because the contact charging of solids (and particles) is heavily dependent on the electrical properties of the wall material (the tube 11), the metal tube 11 consists of an alloy of metal with rare earths (La , Ce, Ce iron) or it has an insert made of such a material.
  • the metal tube 11 consists of an alloy of metal with rare earths (La , Ce, Ce iron) or it has an insert made of such a material.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of a friction charger results if the friction charging is supported by an additional electric field.
  • Such a supercharger is illustrated in FIG. 3, for example.
  • a first electrode 12 Arranged in a first tube 11 which is at ground potential is a first electrode 12 which runs in the longitudinal direction of the tube and which has a negative potential with respect to the potential.
  • a sieve-like extension 13 At the lower end of the tube 11 there is a sieve-like extension 13, which has a funnel-shaped end 14 with an outlet opening 15. The first electrode 12 extends into the funnel-shaped end 15 of the extension 13.
  • a second tube 16 coaxially surrounds the sieve-shaped attachment 13 while leaving an annular gap 17 and serves as a second electrode lying at positive potential.
  • a gas stream 18 symbolized by arrows can be introduced into the annular space 17 through this annular gap 17.
  • a collecting funnel 19 is provided under the outlet opening 15.
  • a rotationally symmetrical guide device 20 is arranged at the lower end of the second pipe 16 and within the same.
  • the first tube 11 is made of a material suitable for optimal friction charging. Alloys of metals with rare earths, such as lanthanum, cerium, cerium iron, or coated with rare earths are particularly suitable or steamed metal parts. It is particularly advantageous to insert an insert 21 made of such a material into the tube 11.
  • the insert 21 consists of a spirally wound metal strip or metal wire, which rests everywhere on the inner wall of the tube 11 or is distant from it and can be replaced. In this way, the abrasion of the special material is reduced and the maintenance friendliness of the system is increased. If the individual turns of the insert 21 do not lie on top of one another, the "active" surface of the insert is enlarged.
  • the operation of the device described above is evident from the following:
  • the mixture containing the particles to be loaded is fed at the upper end of the tube 11 in the direction of the arrow.
  • the particles are negatively charged by contact with the tube walls.
  • the low work function of the rare earths ensures a high negative charge of the particles.
  • the particles charged in this way are deflected in the sieve-shaped attachment under the influence of the field acting between the inner electrodes 12 and outer electrode 16 to the (positive) outer electrode 16 and conveyed through the meshes 22 of the sieve-like attachment 13.
  • the particles are entrained and discharged by the outer gas stream 18 at a suitable flow rate.
  • Negatively charged particles which reach the positive electrode lose their charge can be removed from the electrode by suitable devices, for example tapping devices, brushes or the like, and can be fed back to the charger. The same applies to particles that have not received sufficient charging in the charger. These pass through the lower part of the funnel-shaped end 14 into the collecting funnel 19 and are also returned or separated. This creates a negatively charged particle flow at the outlet of the supercharger, which contains few or no more uncharged particles.
EP91104307A 1991-03-20 1991-03-20 Procédé et appareil pour charger des particules Expired - Lifetime EP0504452B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES91104307T ES2075238T3 (es) 1991-03-20 1991-03-20 Procedimiento y dispositivo para la carga de particulas.
DE59105873T DE59105873D1 (de) 1991-03-20 1991-03-20 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Aufladung von Partikeln.
EP91104307A EP0504452B1 (fr) 1991-03-20 1991-03-20 Procédé et appareil pour charger des particules
US07/884,198 US5288305A (en) 1991-03-20 1992-05-18 Method for charging particles

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91104307A EP0504452B1 (fr) 1991-03-20 1991-03-20 Procédé et appareil pour charger des particules
US07/884,198 US5288305A (en) 1991-03-20 1992-05-18 Method for charging particles

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0504452A1 true EP0504452A1 (fr) 1992-09-23
EP0504452B1 EP0504452B1 (fr) 1995-06-28

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91104307A Expired - Lifetime EP0504452B1 (fr) 1991-03-20 1991-03-20 Procédé et appareil pour charger des particules

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5288305A (fr)
EP (1) EP0504452B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59105873D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2075238T3 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7975956B2 (en) 2005-07-05 2011-07-12 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Expansion reel mandrel
CN106560249A (zh) * 2016-05-19 2017-04-12 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 一种滚筒式气体除尘装置
CN106560251A (zh) * 2016-05-19 2017-04-12 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 一种除尘模块及筒式气体除尘装置
CN106560250A (zh) * 2016-05-19 2017-04-12 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 一种除尘模块及气体除尘装置
CN106560252A (zh) * 2016-05-19 2017-04-12 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 一种摩擦电除尘装置、除尘系统和除尘方法
CN106563570A (zh) * 2016-03-02 2017-04-19 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 具有搅动部件的气体除尘装置、除尘系统和除尘方法
CN106694227A (zh) * 2017-01-18 2017-05-24 王珏 一种气体净化除尘装置
CN106881198A (zh) * 2017-02-20 2017-06-23 潍坊学院 一种带电绝缘颗粒过滤气体的方法
CN108176509A (zh) * 2017-12-19 2018-06-19 北京科技大学 一种接触静电式瞬时气体颗粒物净化装置
CN110835893A (zh) * 2019-11-28 2020-02-25 俞芳芳 一种自除尘型市政道路防护栏

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DE4305704B4 (de) * 1993-02-25 2006-02-16 Matter + Siegmann Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Untersuchung von in einem Gas befindlichen Partikeln
US5802623A (en) * 1995-12-06 1998-09-08 Vincent; Ray T. Electronic air deodorizer and method of using same
US5938041A (en) * 1996-10-04 1999-08-17 University Of Kentucky Research Foundation Apparatus and method for triboelectrostatic separation
JP2001239131A (ja) * 2000-02-29 2001-09-04 Mamoru Nakasuji 脱硫・脱硝装置及びボイラー装置
DE10133831C1 (de) * 2001-07-12 2003-04-10 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum selektiven Entfernen gasförmiger Schadstoffe aus der Raumluft
US6646256B2 (en) 2001-12-18 2003-11-11 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Atmospheric pressure photoionization source in mass spectrometry
US7393385B1 (en) * 2007-02-28 2008-07-01 Corning Incorporated Apparatus and method for electrostatically depositing aerosol particles
CN103084271B (zh) * 2013-01-23 2016-01-06 浙江大学 一种调控煤气化工艺中煤质的方法
WO2017088584A1 (fr) * 2015-11-26 2017-06-01 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 Dispositif, système et procédé de dépoussiérage triboélectrique
NL2025646B1 (en) * 2020-05-22 2021-12-07 Staticair Holding B V Device for removing dust particles and pathogens from an airflow, and use of such a device

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DE1084246B (de) * 1956-03-08 1960-06-30 Otto Schmid Dr Ing Fliehkraftabscheider in Zyklonbauweise
EP0241555B1 (fr) * 1985-02-04 1992-06-03 Ebara Corporation Procede et appareil de purification de l'air par irradiation par des rayons ultra-violets

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DE394577C (de) * 1921-11-20 1924-04-15 Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks Akt Verfahren zur elektrischen Reinigung von Gasen
DE744361C (de) * 1942-05-27 1944-09-06 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur elektrostatischen Trennung
DE1084246B (de) * 1956-03-08 1960-06-30 Otto Schmid Dr Ing Fliehkraftabscheider in Zyklonbauweise
EP0241555B1 (fr) * 1985-02-04 1992-06-03 Ebara Corporation Procede et appareil de purification de l'air par irradiation par des rayons ultra-violets

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7975956B2 (en) 2005-07-05 2011-07-12 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Expansion reel mandrel
CN106563570A (zh) * 2016-03-02 2017-04-19 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 具有搅动部件的气体除尘装置、除尘系统和除尘方法
CN106560250B (zh) * 2016-05-19 2018-05-08 北京中科纳清科技股份有限公司 一种除尘模块及气体除尘装置
CN106560250A (zh) * 2016-05-19 2017-04-12 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 一种除尘模块及气体除尘装置
CN106560252A (zh) * 2016-05-19 2017-04-12 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 一种摩擦电除尘装置、除尘系统和除尘方法
CN106560251A (zh) * 2016-05-19 2017-04-12 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 一种除尘模块及筒式气体除尘装置
CN106560249B (zh) * 2016-05-19 2018-05-08 北京中科纳清科技股份有限公司 一种滚筒式气体除尘装置
CN106560249A (zh) * 2016-05-19 2017-04-12 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 一种滚筒式气体除尘装置
CN106694227A (zh) * 2017-01-18 2017-05-24 王珏 一种气体净化除尘装置
CN106881198A (zh) * 2017-02-20 2017-06-23 潍坊学院 一种带电绝缘颗粒过滤气体的方法
CN108176509A (zh) * 2017-12-19 2018-06-19 北京科技大学 一种接触静电式瞬时气体颗粒物净化装置
CN108176509B (zh) * 2017-12-19 2020-05-12 北京科技大学 一种接触静电式瞬时气体颗粒物净化装置
CN110835893A (zh) * 2019-11-28 2020-02-25 俞芳芳 一种自除尘型市政道路防护栏

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5288305A (en) 1994-02-22
ES2075238T3 (es) 1995-10-01
DE59105873D1 (de) 1995-08-03
EP0504452B1 (fr) 1995-06-28

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