EP0501879B1 - Béton et son procédé de mise en précontrainte, conteneur fabriqué avec ce béton - Google Patents

Béton et son procédé de mise en précontrainte, conteneur fabriqué avec ce béton Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0501879B1
EP0501879B1 EP92400491A EP92400491A EP0501879B1 EP 0501879 B1 EP0501879 B1 EP 0501879B1 EP 92400491 A EP92400491 A EP 92400491A EP 92400491 A EP92400491 A EP 92400491A EP 0501879 B1 EP0501879 B1 EP 0501879B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
concrete
fibres
shape
alloy
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92400491A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0501879A1 (fr
Inventor
Michel Gerard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Orano Demantelement SAS
Original Assignee
Compagnie Generale des Matieres Nucleaires SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie Generale des Matieres Nucleaires SA filed Critical Compagnie Generale des Matieres Nucleaires SA
Publication of EP0501879A1 publication Critical patent/EP0501879A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0501879B1 publication Critical patent/EP0501879B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/12—Mounting of reinforcing inserts; Prestressing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/012—Discrete reinforcing elements, e.g. fibres
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
    • E04C5/073—Discrete reinforcing elements, e.g. fibres
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to high-performance concretes, that is to say which must undergo significant mechanical stresses such as prestressed concretes. It relates in particular to high durability concretes which are particularly suitable for making drums or enclosures which must contain hazardous industrial waste, solid or liquid, and in particular radioactive waste or very toxic chemical waste. It also applies to all civil engineering works.
  • Traditional concretes generally consist of a mixture of cement, natural or artificial mineral aggregates such as gravel, sand, any additives and a hydraulic binder such as water.
  • microcracks can appear and alter the final mechanical properties of the product. These microcracks then lead to the start of a "ruin” phenomenon in the structure of the product. This ruin phenomenon can be prolonged by the appearance of macrocracks caused by mechanical stresses reaching the concrete resistance limits.
  • Such concrete is used to manufacture storage containers for radioactive waste.
  • This container comprises a barrel provided with an opening for the introduction of waste and a sealed closure cover.
  • the container is entirely made of concrete reinforced with metallic fibers.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a concrete which can meet the current requirements imposed for the production of radioactive waste containers, while avoiding using the type of concrete prestressing described in the previous paragraph.
  • the fibers used are of the type of those whose shapes or dimensions can change over time under the action of an energy transfer, to create a compressive stress in the concrete.
  • the preferred shape of these fibers is a very flat strip whose length is between one and ten centimeters.
  • the third main object of the invention is a storage container for radioactive waste, comprising a barrel provided with an opening for introducing the waste and with a sealed closure cover for this opening.
  • the container is made entirely of concrete, as just summarized in the previous paragraphs.
  • the basic materials necessary for making a traditional concrete are used. These materials are made up of mineral aggregates, that is to say natural or artificial gravels, sand and cement. To this mixture of solid powder products are added the loose fibers, that is to say that these can take any position. Once this mixing has been carried out, the hydraulic binder, preferably water, is then added. The whole is kneaded in a machine so as to obtain an intimate mixture of these various components.
  • the second phase of the process according to the invention naturally consists in pouring the fresh concrete into the formwork, the internal shape of which corresponds to the external shape of the product to be obtained.
  • the formwork or mold is generally placed on a vibrating table in operation.
  • the vibrations make it possible to produce a very compact concrete and to obtain a product having a very low porosity.
  • a beautiful surface appearance and good mechanical resistance can also be obtained by using this vibrating table.
  • Internal vibration means can be used for large parts. It is noted that the position of the fibers is arbitrary.
  • Certain products require the use of an internal reinforcement, such as metal reinforcement, in order to reinforce the mechanical properties of the product obtained.
  • the reinforcement is then introduced into the mold before the concrete is poured.
  • the concrete is released, that is to say that the formwork is dismantled and removed from the poured concrete.
  • This phase is a cure that can last from one day to a month.
  • the duration of the cure varies according to the type of cement used and the type of product manufactured. During this concrete cure, a hydration reaction of the cement takes place, also called "setting of the concrete".
  • a heat treatment is then carried out allowing energy transfer by varying the temperature of the fibers, so that their shapes or dimensions change. Indeed, under the action of a slight increase, or decrease, in temperature, such a type of fiber takes a retracted form or regains an initial form.
  • a first category of fibers used for this purpose is constituted by metallic fibers, called "shape memory". Indeed, when a metal or an ordinary alloy is subjected to a mechanical stress higher than its elastic limit, it undergoes a plastic deformation which persists after the cessation of the stress. Its shape and size practically no longer evolve if the alloy or metal is subjected to any heat treatment again. On the other hand, shape memory alloys do not have this behavior, because in a certain range of temperatures, a sample of such a material can undergo an apparently plastic deformation of several percent and fully recover its initial shape by simple subsequent heating.
  • shape memory is associated with a reversible structural transformation of the "thermoelastic martensitic" type, occurring between a first temperature T1, at which the sample was formed, and a second temperature T2 higher or lower than T1, to which the sample must be heated or cooled in order for it to regain its shape.
  • fibers are used whose initial shape was that which one wishes to see them set so that the concrete is compressed, that is to say prestressed.
  • This shape is preferably a retracted, curved, more or less curled shape, compared to an intermediate shape which would be rather linear or completely straight.
  • the temperature variation can be an elevation which can be between 50 and 70 ° C. That is to say, for a concrete product at 20 ° C, heat treatment at a temperature between 70 and 90 ° C can achieve the return to the initial shape of the metallic fibers cast in concrete.
  • the same result can also be obtained by not heating, but cooling to a temperature between -10 and -30 ° C.
  • the duration of the application of the heat treatment depends on the shape of the product produced with the concrete. In general, the whole product, that is to say, even the core of the product, must reach your phase transformation temperature.
  • the heat treatment can be applied in an oven.
  • the process of applying the heat treatment can be done by means of high frequencies, microwaves, using coats and heating sheaths.
  • the heat treatment improves the flexural strength of the reference concrete or mortar (improvement of the cement "setting” process) by around 1 MPa.
  • a second category of fibers used is heat-shrinkable fibers. This type of fiber undergoes, with a slight rise or decrease in temperature, a reduction in its dimensions. Yes the shape is not straight, and preferably well bent, the heat-shrinkable fibers, by shrinking, impart a compressive stress to the concrete in which they have been embedded.
  • the shape of the fibers used is preferably that of flat strips, the length of which can be from one to ten centimeters.
  • the thickness can be less than a tenth of a millimeter.
  • the container object of the invention, mainly comprises a barrel 10, the upper opening of which is closed by a cover 12.
  • the closure is sealed so as to be able to store radioactive waste of low or medium activity, coated in a filling material.
  • the container has a rectangular shape, a flat bottom and a side wall of square section. The upper end of the latter delimits the opening allowing closing using the cover 12.
  • the entire container that is to say the barrel 10 and the cover 12, is made of a concrete reinforced with fibers 20 either in shape memory or heat shrinkable.
  • the barrel 10, like the cover 12, are produced by molding.
  • the upper end of the lateral wall of the barrel 10 has a stepped shape defining successively, going from the outside towards the inside of the barrel 10, a flat end face 13 and a flat bearing face 7 parallel to the first planar face 13, but located back from the latter.
  • the bearing surface 7 is connected to the upper surface 13 by an inclined inner peripheral edge 6 forming a Z in section with its first two surfaces 7 and 13.
  • the diameter of the inclined edge 6 increases as it approaches the bearing surface 7, so that this inclined edge 6 makes with the axis of the barrel 10 an angle of at least 10 °.
  • the cover 12 also has a peripheral peripheral region comprising, starting from its upper surface, an inclined external peripheral edge 11 and a vertical edge 15 set back with respect to the inclined edge 11. These edges 11 and 15 are connected by a second flat bearing surface 5 parallel to the upper and lower faces of the cover 12. The diameter of the inclined edge 11 increases as it approaches the second bearing surface 5, so that this inclined edge 6 forms with the axis of the cover 12 an angle of at least 10 °.
  • This embodiment of the keying joint in the annular space 14 open upwards makes it possible to ensure the sealed closure of the container, without the need to use a formwork.
  • the shape of the keying joint makes it possible to avoid any risk of the cover coming off when this joint is made.
  • the cover 12 has at its center an opening 8 of large dimension in which a keying groove 9 is formed.
  • the filling of the container 10 can be carried out after sealing of its cover 12.
  • the filling material is introduced in turn until the opening 8 is completely closed.
  • a groove or a handling groove 3 can be formed by molding on the outer peripheral surface of the barrel 10, near the upper end face 13.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
EP92400491A 1991-02-27 1992-02-26 Béton et son procédé de mise en précontrainte, conteneur fabriqué avec ce béton Expired - Lifetime EP0501879B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9102340A FR2673223A1 (fr) 1991-02-27 1991-02-27 Beton et son procede de mise en precontrainte, conteneur fabrique avec ce beton.
FR9102340 1991-02-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0501879A1 EP0501879A1 (fr) 1992-09-02
EP0501879B1 true EP0501879B1 (fr) 1995-08-09

Family

ID=9410151

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92400491A Expired - Lifetime EP0501879B1 (fr) 1991-02-27 1992-02-26 Béton et son procédé de mise en précontrainte, conteneur fabriqué avec ce béton

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0501879B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPH058217A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
KR (1) KR920016682A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA2061541A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE69203895D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FI (1) FI920848L (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2673223A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
TW (1) TW199228B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA921409B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012019125A1 (de) * 2011-10-06 2013-04-11 Peter Markwirth Strahlenschutzcontainer für leicht- und mittelschwere radioaktiv belastetes Material.

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2705824B1 (fr) * 1993-05-24 1995-07-28 Electricite De France Conteneur en béton désaéré pour le stockage de déchets radioactifs.
FR2709291B1 (fr) * 1993-08-27 1995-09-22 Electricite De France Conteneur de stockage pour déchets toxiques à fermeture étanche et son procédé de fabrication.
WO1996012588A1 (en) * 1994-10-19 1996-05-02 Dpd, Inc. Shape-memory material repair system and method of use therefor
DE4439534A1 (de) * 1994-11-04 1996-05-09 Horst Dr Ing Kinkel Betonkörper mit Verstärkung
US5858082A (en) * 1997-09-15 1999-01-12 Cruz; Hector Gonzalo Self-interlocking reinforcement fibers
IT1296234B1 (it) * 1997-10-21 1999-06-18 Larco Astori S P A Uso di fibre nei calcestruzzi destinati alla produzione di elementi strutturali in calcestruzzo precompresso e relativi manufatti
JP2002323593A (ja) * 2001-04-27 2002-11-08 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd コンクリートキャスク
JP2004077244A (ja) * 2002-08-14 2004-03-11 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 繊維強化コンクリートキャスク及びその成型用支持枠体、該コンクリートキャスクの製造方法
WO2006038225A2 (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-13 Patwa Saurabh S A reinforcing fiber for concrete, a flexible concrete and a method to prepare the concrete
GB0715123D0 (en) * 2007-08-03 2007-09-12 Univ Cardiff Prestressing or confinement of materials using shape memory polymers
JP5187603B1 (ja) * 2012-04-25 2013-04-24 豊 土屋 プラスチック配合物及びそれを用いた廃棄物の処理と保管容器と保管方法
JP5768197B1 (ja) * 2014-08-11 2015-08-26 昌樹 阿波根 非主用構造部材用プレストレストコンクリート
JP7017672B2 (ja) * 2016-04-01 2022-02-09 株式会社Ｈｐｃ沖縄 繊維製セル構造コンクリートの製造方法
DE102018107926B4 (de) * 2018-04-04 2025-07-03 Universität Kassel Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mikrofaserbewehrten Betons und mikrofaserbewehrter Beton
CN111189768B (zh) * 2018-11-14 2023-03-10 青岛理工大学 一种腐蚀驱动智能纤维及其制备方法和应用
CN111364759A (zh) * 2020-03-18 2020-07-03 重庆交通建设(集团)有限责任公司 巨型空腹梁钢管满堂支架的预压装置及其施工方法
CN112759291B (zh) * 2020-12-31 2022-06-17 东南大学 一种混掺形状记忆合金纤维的抗高温爆裂uhpc及制备方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1297243A (fr) * 1961-05-16 1962-06-29 Kogyogijutsuin Cho Procédé pour communiquer une contrainte à des barres d'acier à l'interieur de béton armé
FR1434373A (fr) * 1965-02-26 1966-04-08 Commissariat Energie Atomique Procédé de fabrication de matériaux précontraints et matériaux ainsi obtenus
JPS56100162A (en) * 1980-01-11 1981-08-11 Mitsui Petrochemical Ind Fiber reinforced concrete and its reinforced material
CH663758A5 (de) * 1983-06-03 1988-01-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Verfahren zur herstellung eines verbundwerkstoffes mit hoher zugfestigkeit bestehend aus einer kunststoffmatrix mit einer eingebetteten bewehrung.
DE3345592A1 (de) * 1983-12-16 1985-08-01 Gerhard 7274 Haiterbach Dingler Grossflaechige, plattenfoermige bauteile

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012019125A1 (de) * 2011-10-06 2013-04-11 Peter Markwirth Strahlenschutzcontainer für leicht- und mittelschwere radioaktiv belastetes Material.
DE102012019125B4 (de) * 2011-10-06 2016-07-07 Peter Markwirth Strahlenschutzcontainer für leicht- und mittelschwere radioaktiv belastetes Material.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69203895D1 (de) 1995-09-14
JPH058217A (ja) 1993-01-19
FI920848A0 (fi) 1992-02-26
ZA921409B (en) 1992-11-25
TW199228B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1993-02-01
CA2061541A1 (en) 1992-08-28
FI920848A7 (fi) 1992-08-28
EP0501879A1 (fr) 1992-09-02
FR2673223A1 (fr) 1992-08-28
FI920848L (fi) 1992-08-28
KR920016682A (ko) 1992-09-25

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