EP0501842A1 - Einlageverbundvliesstoff - Google Patents

Einlageverbundvliesstoff Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0501842A1
EP0501842A1 EP92400194A EP92400194A EP0501842A1 EP 0501842 A1 EP0501842 A1 EP 0501842A1 EP 92400194 A EP92400194 A EP 92400194A EP 92400194 A EP92400194 A EP 92400194A EP 0501842 A1 EP0501842 A1 EP 0501842A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
fibers
interlining
nonwoven
nonwoven layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92400194A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0501842B1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Groshens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lainiere de Picardie SA
Lainiere de Picardie BC SAS
Original Assignee
Lainiere de Picardie SA
Lainiere de Picardie BC SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lainiere de Picardie SA, Lainiere de Picardie BC SAS filed Critical Lainiere de Picardie SA
Publication of EP0501842A1 publication Critical patent/EP0501842A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0501842B1 publication Critical patent/EP0501842B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43838—Ultrafine fibres, e.g. microfibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
    • D04H5/03—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling by fluid jet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24826—Spot bonds connect components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y10T442/621—Including other strand or fiber material in a different layer not specified as having microdimensions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/66—Additional nonwoven fabric is a spun-bonded fabric
    • Y10T442/663—Hydroentangled

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite interlining textile and its manufacturing process.
  • the interlining textiles are intended to be associated with other textiles or draperies to which they give a touch, flexibility and nervousness that they do not have by themselves and which allows them to be used effectively in the making of clothing.
  • patent application FR-A-2,645,180 relates to a stabilizer fabric, composite, formed of a knitted or woven textile support and at least one nonwoven web.
  • the support and the sheet are combined by needling by fluid jets.
  • patent application FR-A-2 637 163 is also known, which relates to a heat-adhesive interlining, the textile base of which is a nonwoven formed of synthetic filaments intermingled by jets of fluids.
  • the first of these techniques is particularly interesting because the manufacture of a composite interlining makes it possible to choose with precision and to control the properties of the interlining.
  • Document EP-A-0 333 212 relates to an elastomeric composite nonwoven obtained by entanglement by fluid jets of a laminate consisting of at least one layer of "melt-blown” fibers and at least one additional layer of fibers discontinuous, "melt-blown", of continuous filaments.
  • a composite nonwoven is also proposed formed by fluid jets of a laminate composed of at least one layer of "melt-blown" fibers and at least a layer of a nonwoven material.
  • the latter can be based on continuous filaments and preferably obtained by the melt process ("spunbond").
  • spunbond the melt process
  • Such a process also simultaneously generates a dense layer having a feel similar to a plastic film, incompatible with the textile feel sought for a covering.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to produce a composite interlining whose properties can be widely varied and which makes it possible to complete the range of already existing products.
  • thermo-adhesive interlining presenting little risk of crossing and returning.
  • the invention relates to a fabric covering comprising a first nonwoven layer, composed of micro-fibers, produced by meltblowing.
  • the interlining textile comprises at least a second nonwoven layer, composed of fibers or filaments and a layer of adhesive distributed in points.
  • the first layer and the second layer are linked, on the one hand, partially by the entanglement of part of their fibers obtained by the application of fluid jets and, on the other hand, completely by the base of the points of the layer of adhesive which keeps the fibers entwined thus ensuring the cohesion of the whole.
  • the interlining textile of the invention also comprises a third non-woven layer which can either be made up of filaments, for example synthetic filaments obtained by the melt process, or of micro-fibers produced by fusion -blowing.
  • this third layer is linked to one of the other two layers also by entanglement of some of their fibers. obtained by the application of fluid jets.
  • the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a composite interlining textile comprising a first non-woven layer of microfibers and a second non-woven layer.
  • the first nonwoven layer of micro-fibers is produced by meltblowing and the second nonwoven layer is formed, then placed under the first layer.
  • the first and second layers are intermingled and joined together by fluid jets, the two joined layers are then dried.
  • the second nonwoven layer is carded, it is advantageously folded and lapped before being associated with the first layer.
  • the second layer is advantageously pre-needled. It can consist of a fleece of nonwoven formed from continuous filaments intermingled without orientation and made from synthetic material.
  • the interlining fabric of the invention comprises a first nonwoven layer 1 composed of micro-fibers produced by meltblown.
  • This manufacturing process known under the name of "melt-blown” allows the production of a synthetic nonwoven fabric made up of micro-fibers. It has good regularity and has a flat surface resulting, at the same time, from the fineness of the fibers which constitute it and from its manufacturing process. The large number of micro-fibers gives it excellent coverage.
  • the layers of nonwoven "melt-blown" fabric have a certain number of drawbacks for their use in the field of interlining.
  • the interlining must resist cleaning and washing.
  • high air pressure produces a dense layer having a film-like feel. plastic, which is ill-suited for use in interfacing.
  • the first nonwoven layer 1, composed of micro-fibers, used in the invention is produced by blowing with a relatively low air pressure during spinning.
  • the distance between the nozzles of the extruder 34 and the receiving belt 33 acts on the cooling of the fibers before their deposition and, thereby, on the feel of the sheet, at the same time as the air pressure.
  • a distance of the order of or less than 350mm gives a plastic feel while a distance greater than 500mm is chosen, preferably for the implementation of the invention and provides a textile feel.
  • this layer is flexible and has a textile feel.
  • It is for example formed of fibers having a titration of between 0.1 and 0.7 Dtex.
  • the interlining textile has a second non-woven layer composed of fibers.
  • This layer provides the interlining with its resilience (nervousness) which makes it wrinkle-resistant, its volume, its resilience, ...
  • the first layer 1 and the second layer 2 are linked by the entanglement of part of their fibers obtained by the application of fluid jets.
  • fine needles of water produced by high pressure injectors, are directed perpendicular to the two layers previously placed one on the other. These fluid jets cause the micro-fibers of the first layer 1 to become entangled in the surface fibers of the second 2.
  • the interlining fabric of the invention is thermo-adhesive. It comprises an adhesive layer 3 distributed in points on the first nonwoven layer 1, on the face opposite to that in contact with the second nonwoven layer 2. These thermo-adhesive points participate in the feasibility of the product.
  • the cohesion of the first nonwoven layer 1 composed of micro-fibers produced by melt-blowing on another textile support is relatively weak but is improved by the thermo-adhesive dots which promote the strength of the fibers and allow binding.
  • first layer 1 and the second layer 2 are linked, on the one hand, partially by the entanglement of part of their fibers by the application of fluid jets and, on the other hand, completely by the base points of the adhesive layer 3 which maintains the intertwined fibers ensuring the cohesion of the assembly.
  • the second nonwoven layer 2 can be composed of carded, scrambled, random orientation staple fibers. Carding web 2 can also be made with parallel fibers.
  • It can also be composed of carded fibers linked by thermal bonding. This bonding contributes to giving cohesion to the sheet before it is assembled to the first layer 1.
  • the second layer 2 nonwoven, composed of carded fibers Prior to its association with the first layer 1, the second layer 2, nonwoven, composed of carded fibers can be needled so as to increase its cohesion and its stiffness.
  • This second layer 2 advantageously consists of a fleece of nonwoven formed of continuous synthetic filaments intermingled without orientation obtained by the melt process ("spunbond").
  • the titration of the filaments forming the second nonwoven layer is in this case advantageously between 1 and 5 Dtex and, preferably, equal to 1.5 Dtex.
  • a third nonwoven textile layer can be associated with the first and second layers 1, 2.
  • this third layer can be a ply of carded fibers or made up of synthetic filaments obtained by the melt and it is then a layer similar to the second.
  • the third layer may on the contrary be of the same type as the first, that is to say composed of micro-fibers manufactured by meltblown. It can be superimposed on the first layer or, on the contrary, placed on the other face of the second layer which is then sandwiched between the two layers of micro-fibers, "melt-blown".
  • the second layer 2 is brought, covered by the first layer 1, onto a conveyor belt 10 which drives them facing a first series of injectors 11.
  • a first series of injectors 11 After turning the composite composed by the first two layers using the rollers 12 of the conveyor belt 13 and rollers 14, 15 and 16, the composite is brought in front of a second set of injectors 17 which produces fluid jets first passing through the second layer 2.
  • the composite After deflection by the rollers 18, 19 and 20, the composite is expressed by the rollers 21 and then dried in the oven 22. After drying, the interlining thus produced is stored on the roller 23.
  • the second layer 2 is formed on a card 30 and then brought by the roller 31 and the belt 32 onto the belt 33 by a melting-blowing extruder generally represented by the reference 34.
  • layer 1 is formed by the "melt-blown" process from polyamide or polyester. Its weight is between 5 and 80g / m2.
  • the second layer of fibers 2 is a sheet of carded fibers of random orientation, the weight and composition of which vary according to the desired effect.
  • the second layer of fibers can be a sheet of parallel carded fibers.
  • FIG. 3 represents a process for manufacturing the interlining in which the second ply of fibers 2 is a ply of fibers in a cross orientation as a function of the desired properties.
  • the sheet of carded fibers 2, at the outlet of the carding line 30, is presented to a lapping folder 36, 37 which gives it its crossover.
  • the second layer 2 is then transmitted to the mat 33 by the conveyor 32.
  • the pre-needling can be carried out either by means of a mechanical needling machine or, also, by a system of fluid jets on a sheet of carded fibers at the outlet of the carding or carding-topping line, so as to give cohesion to the veil of fibers.
  • This pre-needling operation allows the process of the invention to be implemented batchwise, separating the carding phase from the extrusion, melt-blowing and jet-fluid bonding operations.
  • a non-woven veil of synthetic filaments (“spunbond”) has sufficient cohesion to be stored in a roll.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the process in which the first non-woven layer of micro-fibers produced by the "melt-blown" process is itself previously produced and then wound on the roller 39.
  • the manufacturing the first "melt-blown” layer is dissociated from the implementation of the invention, which allows all intermediate storage deemed useful.
  • FIG. 6 shows a manufacturing process according to the invention in which the second nonwoven layer 2 is formed directly on the belt 33 by the extruder 40 according to the melt process ("spunbond") and then associated with a layer produced by melt-blown produced by the extruder 34 directly on the second nonwoven layer 2.
  • the third layer 41 is deposited on the first nonwoven layer of micro-fibers 1 and the three layers 1, 2, 41 are all three associated together by the fluid jets produced by the injectors 11 and 17.
  • the structure of the composite interlining of the invention makes it possible to freely choose the nature and the properties of each of these layers and, thereby, to cover a very wide range of needs encountered in the field of interlining.
EP92400194A 1991-02-25 1992-01-24 Einlageverbundvliesstoff Expired - Lifetime EP0501842B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9102214 1991-02-25
FR9102214A FR2673204B1 (fr) 1991-02-25 1991-02-25 Textile d'entoilage composite et son procede de fabrication.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0501842A1 true EP0501842A1 (de) 1992-09-02
EP0501842B1 EP0501842B1 (de) 1996-04-10

Family

ID=9410052

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92400194A Expired - Lifetime EP0501842B1 (de) 1991-02-25 1992-01-24 Einlageverbundvliesstoff

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US5236771A (de)
EP (1) EP0501842B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0698728B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE136598T1 (de)
AU (1) AU649930B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2061805C (de)
DE (1) DE69209703T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0501842T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2086089T3 (de)
FI (1) FI920726A (de)
FR (1) FR2673204B1 (de)
GR (1) GR3019646T3 (de)
IE (1) IE74151B1 (de)
NO (1) NO920736L (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0648878A1 (de) * 1993-10-11 1995-04-19 Lainiere De Picardie Thermoplastischer Futterstoff bestehend aus einer Faserschicht vermischt mit texturierten Schussfaden und sein Herstellverfahren
EP1275764A1 (de) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-15 Rieter Perfojet (S.A.) Vliesstoff mit einer Schicht aus endlosen Filamenten, Verfahren zur dessen Herstellung und Verwendung als Reinigungstuch
WO2012052535A1 (de) * 2010-10-21 2012-04-26 Hi Tech Textile Holding Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines verbundvlieses

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CA2161547A1 (en) * 1993-04-30 1994-11-10 Joseph Santin Boyce A reinforced joint for composite structures and method of joining composite parts
US5554435A (en) * 1994-01-31 1996-09-10 Hercules Incorporated Textile structures, and their preparation
US5508080A (en) * 1994-02-17 1996-04-16 Takashimaya Nippatsu Kogyo Co. Ltd. Flexible laminated surface material and method of producing the same
DE69533314D1 (en) * 1994-05-26 2004-09-02 Rtica Inc Polyester-isolation
JP2818546B2 (ja) * 1994-12-28 1998-10-30 日本電気アイシーマイコンシステム株式会社 半導体集積回路
US5587225A (en) * 1995-04-27 1996-12-24 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Knit-like nonwoven composite fabric
CN1080338C (zh) * 1995-11-30 2002-03-06 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 可裂膜微纤维、熔喷纤维网和超细微纤维网及其制备方法
JPH11113954A (ja) * 1997-10-17 1999-04-27 Shiseido Co Ltd 吸収性物品の表面素材または濾過材及びその製造方法
DE10151045C2 (de) * 2001-10-16 2003-09-25 Freudenberg Carl Kg Vliesverbundstoff für mechanische Verschlusssysteme, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und dessen Verwendung
US8470404B2 (en) * 2004-08-31 2013-06-25 Henry K. Obermeyer Process of manufacturing fiber reinforced composite via selective infusion of resin and resin blocking substance
JP2006103954A (ja) 2004-10-08 2006-04-20 Brother Ind Ltd 画像記録装置
US20090089928A1 (en) * 2007-10-03 2009-04-09 Alina Kasbohm Pacification blanket
CN104287128A (zh) * 2014-11-05 2015-01-21 江苏大唐世家服饰有限公司 一种塑身型女式夹克

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DE2260677A1 (de) * 1972-12-12 1974-06-20 Freudenberg Carl Fa Mehrschichtiger vliesstoff
FR2390912A1 (fr) * 1977-05-18 1978-12-15 Freudenberg Carl Materiau permeable a l'air pour doublage et appretage
EP0049732A1 (de) * 1980-10-13 1982-04-21 Firma Carl Freudenberg Aufbügelbarer Einlagevliesstoff
FR2516202A1 (fr) * 1981-11-12 1983-05-13 Riedel Paul Complexe d'isolation thermique et de confort
US4761322A (en) * 1985-10-07 1988-08-02 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Laminated fibrous web comprising differentially bonded layers, and method and apparatus for making the same
EP0333211A2 (de) * 1988-03-18 1989-09-20 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Nicht elastischer, nicht gewebter, blattartiger Verbundwerkstoff und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
EP0363254A1 (de) * 1988-10-04 1990-04-11 Lainiere De Picardie Einbügelbarer Einlagestoff auf der Basis von Mikrofäden

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0648878A1 (de) * 1993-10-11 1995-04-19 Lainiere De Picardie Thermoplastischer Futterstoff bestehend aus einer Faserschicht vermischt mit texturierten Schussfaden und sein Herstellverfahren
US5593533A (en) * 1993-10-11 1997-01-14 Lainiere De Picardie S.A. Thermobonding interlining comprising a layer of fibers intermingled with textured weft yarns and its production method
EP1275764A1 (de) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-15 Rieter Perfojet (S.A.) Vliesstoff mit einer Schicht aus endlosen Filamenten, Verfahren zur dessen Herstellung und Verwendung als Reinigungstuch
WO2012052535A1 (de) * 2010-10-21 2012-04-26 Hi Tech Textile Holding Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines verbundvlieses
CN103180501A (zh) * 2010-10-21 2013-06-26 恒天(奥地利)控股有限公司 用于制造复合无纺布的方法和设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IE74151B1 (en) 1997-07-02
EP0501842B1 (de) 1996-04-10
AU1123092A (en) 1992-08-27
DE69209703D1 (de) 1996-05-15
GR3019646T3 (en) 1996-07-31
JPH0564856A (ja) 1993-03-19
IE920537A1 (en) 1992-08-26
FR2673204B1 (fr) 1995-03-24
JPH0698728B2 (ja) 1994-12-07
NO920736L (no) 1992-08-26
US5236771A (en) 1993-08-17
CA2061805A1 (fr) 1992-08-26
AU649930B2 (en) 1994-06-02
ES2086089T3 (es) 1996-06-16
DE69209703T2 (de) 1996-09-12
DK0501842T3 (da) 1996-06-03
FI920726A0 (fi) 1992-02-20
NO920736D0 (no) 1992-02-24
FI920726A (fi) 1992-08-26
CA2061805C (fr) 1997-12-16
ATE136598T1 (de) 1996-04-15
FR2673204A1 (fr) 1992-08-28

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