EP0483743B1 - Faserbrennerstein sowie Brenner mit einem solchen Faserbrennerstein - Google Patents

Faserbrennerstein sowie Brenner mit einem solchen Faserbrennerstein Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0483743B1
EP0483743B1 EP91118382A EP91118382A EP0483743B1 EP 0483743 B1 EP0483743 B1 EP 0483743B1 EP 91118382 A EP91118382 A EP 91118382A EP 91118382 A EP91118382 A EP 91118382A EP 0483743 B1 EP0483743 B1 EP 0483743B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibre
burner
fiber
strips
burner brick
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91118382A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0483743A2 (de
EP0483743A3 (en
Inventor
Konrad Dipl.-Ing. Graf
Günter Lasselsberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CHAMOTTEWAREN- und THONOFENFABRIK AUG RATH JUN AG
Original Assignee
CHAMOTTEWAREN- und THONOFENFABRIK AUG RATH JUN AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CHAMOTTEWAREN- und THONOFENFABRIK AUG RATH JUN AG filed Critical CHAMOTTEWAREN- und THONOFENFABRIK AUG RATH JUN AG
Publication of EP0483743A2 publication Critical patent/EP0483743A2/de
Publication of EP0483743A3 publication Critical patent/EP0483743A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0483743B1 publication Critical patent/EP0483743B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/16—Radiant burners using permeable blocks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/76—Protecting flame and burner parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/82—Preventing flashback or blowback
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/02—Casings; Linings; Walls characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F23M5/025—Casings; Linings; Walls characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks used specially adapted for burner openings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fiber burner with a fiber component made of refractory fibers, in which the fiber component is composed of individual fiber strips, the fiber strips being held in mutual pressure by a tensioning device, and a burner with such a fiber burner.
  • Burner stones are often used in various forms of burners. On the one hand, they serve to guide the flame of a flame that has already been generated by the burner and in this way protect neighboring components from the direct action of the flame. As far as it can flow, d. H. are porous, they can also be used for flame formation. They are then usually attached to the end of a fuel supply channel, which is used to supply the fuel-air mixture. This then ignites after flowing through the burner block on the outside thereof, the burner block serving as a flame arrester.
  • burner stone has arisen from the fact that the burner stones were initially made from fired, refractory materials, in particular from ceramic materials, and therefore had a stone-like character.
  • burner blocks have also been produced using refractory, mostly ceramic fibers.
  • a fiber burner block can be found, for example, in EP-A-0 ⁇ 321 611. It consists of several axially arranged and interconnected, cylindrical burner stone segments, which are used for flame control.
  • Such burner blocks are characterized by their low weight and manageability as well as their rapid heating-up time.
  • a major disadvantage of such fiber burner blocks is that no inherent stability can be achieved with the fibers alone.
  • the binder essentially eliminates the otherwise existing elasticity of the fibers, i. H. the fiber component is almost as brittle as the previously known burner blocks burned from ceramic materials. Because of this brittleness, the known fiber burner is susceptible to shock, pressure and vibration during transport, assembly and operation.
  • the use of the binder also means that rapid temperature jumps and large temperature gradients cause cracking, further embrittlement and flaking.
  • the use of the binder increases the weight of the fiber burner block and thus also its heat storage capacity.
  • Burner bricks which are used for flame formation at the end of a fuel supply channel are also known in various embodiments (cf. US-A-4 643 667, EP-A-0 ⁇ 294 726, DE-A-38 33 169, US-A-4 752 213, DE-A-27 14 835, DE-A-35 0 ⁇ 4 60 ⁇ 1, US-A-4 60 ⁇ 8 0 ⁇ 12, US-A-4 746 287, EP-A-0 ⁇ 415 0 ⁇ 0 ⁇ 8).
  • fibers are used in the known burner stones, the problem is to achieve a uniform porosity for the passage of the fuel. When using binders, this cannot be achieved to a satisfactory extent, so that black spots are formed on the surface of the burner stone and therefore a uniform heat distribution is not achieved.
  • a fiber burner is the one mentioned Described type, which has a fiber component made of refractory fibers.
  • the fiber component is composed of individual fiber strips, the fiber strips being held in a mutual pressure system by a tensioning device.
  • the printing system is designed so that the fiber strips are increasingly compressed the closer they come to the axis of the burner. This is to ensure that the density of the fiber component gradually increases toward the axis of the burner.
  • This has the disadvantageous consequence that the porosity decreases towards the axis of the burner and the radial gas exchange from the outside of the fiber burner block to the combustion chamber is hindered.
  • the combustion air must therefore be supplied from the outside in the axial direction of the burner.
  • the fiber building block heats up considerably because it is not cooled by a gas stream.
  • the object of the invention is to design such a fiber burner block in such a way that it has a low weight, is insensitive to mechanical and thermal loads and is distinguished by fine and uniform porosity.
  • the fiber strips each consist of mutually movable fibers that are only interconnected by themselves and the cross sections of the fiber strips are each dimensioned such that the bulk density of the fiber component is essentially the same across its cross section.
  • the fiber strips should preferably be pre-pressed individually or in groups.
  • a fiber burner block which is self-supporting without the use of binders.
  • the mobility of the fibers among themselves ensures a high elasticity of the fiber component, with the result that the fiber burner block has high temperatures and can withstand large temperature fluctuations over a long period of time.
  • the fiber burner block is insensitive to mechanical stresses during transport, assembly and operation.
  • the low material density of the fiber component ensures low weight with advantages in handling and transport and for a small heat storage capacity as well as good insulation. Energy can be saved in this way, particularly when the furnace is operated intermittently.
  • the combination of fiber strips and tensioning device according to the invention is extremely flexible with regard to the orientation of the fibers and the setting of the porosity. Experiments have shown that a very fine and extremely uniform porosity can be achieved, which is particularly advantageous if a large-area flame is to be generated on the outer surface of the fiber burner stone.
  • tensioning device is to be understood very generally within the meaning of the invention.
  • a corresponding recess in the combustion chamber wall of a furnace is sufficient, the fiber strips then being dimensioned such that they are held in a mutual pressure system after insertion.
  • an adjusting device is also the possibility of combining the tensioning device with an adjusting device in order to be able to adjust or adjust the porosity of the fiber component during operation.
  • the fiber component is designed as a fiber jacket covering a channel, for example in the form of a cylinder.
  • the fiber jacket should consist of a plurality of fiber strips next to one another in the circumferential direction, otherwise extending in the axial direction, the fiber strips at least partially having a cross section tapering towards the inside of the fiber jacket should have. Trapezoidal or triangular cross-sections are particularly suitable as cross-sectional shapes. In the circumferential direction of the fiber cladding, fiber strips with a rectangular cross section can alternate with fiber strips that have a cross section that tapers to the channel.
  • the fiber cladding can also be designed such that the channel becomes one Tapered towards the end.
  • the fiber strips should be partially shortened towards this end to take account of the change in cross-section.
  • the fiber strips can also be designed such that they taper at least partially in a wedge shape towards the narrower opening.
  • the tensioning device can easily consist of, for example, a metallic outer jacket, on the inside of which the fiber jacket rests under pre-tension.
  • a metallic outer jacket on the inside of which the fiber jacket rests under pre-tension.
  • This can be a metal sleeve if the fiber burner is installed in such a way that there is no flow.
  • the outer casing can also be provided with a large number of passage openings and can be designed, for example, as a wire mesh or expanded metal sleeve. This allows a flow through the fiber jacket in the radial direction, for example in order to suck air into the channel via the fiber jacket or to generate a large-area flame on the outer surface of the fiber jacket.
  • a cylindrical or conical fiber cladding can also be achieved in that the fiber strips are designed as ring-shaped fiber disks which are arranged one behind the other in the direction of the channel.
  • Such fiber discs when punched out of the raw product present as a mat, inevitably have a fiber course extending in radial planes, so that the fiber jacket has a brush-like structure on the outer and inner surfaces.
  • the tensioning device can consist of end disks and tensioning anchors connecting them and extending in the axial direction.
  • the fiber strips have a fiber course extending primarily in radial planes. This can be achieved in that the individual fiber strips are cut out and positioned accordingly from the raw product, that is to say the fiber mat. In such fiber mats, the individual fibers extend primarily in planes parallel to the surfaces, the fibers running in an orderly manner within these planes.
  • the arrangement of the fiber strips according to the invention results in a brush-like surface structure both on the inside and on the outside of the fiber jacket. This avoids detachment of fibers.
  • the channel is formed closed at one end, namely at the free end, to force the fuel to flow through the fiber jacket and only emerge on the outside.
  • jacket-shaped fiber components come into question, but also those that are designed as a fiberboard consisting of a large number of fiber strips.
  • the fiber strips are then arranged side by side and are bordered on the sides by housing walls, for example, these housing walls forming the tensioning device which hold the fiber strips in mutual pressure system.
  • the fiberboard can have any peripheral shape, for example rectangular, round, oval or the like. In its simplest form, it is flat. However, it can also be conical or funnel-shaped.
  • the fiber strips should be arranged in such a way that their fibers run primarily in planes extending transversely to the plate plane, that is to say in the direction of flow. In this way, there is also a flow surface on the one hand and a flame-bearing surface on the other brush-like structure that prevents fiber separation.
  • the invention also includes a burner equipped with the fiber burner described above.
  • the fiber jacket is inserted in a furnace recess, which forms the tensioning device.
  • the fiber cladding can also be used in an air duct at a distance from its wall. When the flame is generated in the channel of the fiber cladding, air is sucked in through the fiber cladding - especially if it tapers conically - which not only enables clean combustion to be achieved, but also cools the fiber molded part and thus protects it. If there is no negative pressure in the fiber jacket, a blower can be provided which pushes the air through the fiber jacket from the outside.
  • the burner can be designed such that the fiber component is arranged at the end of a feed channel for the fuel mixture, so that the flame is only generated on the outside of the fiber component.
  • the extremely uniform porosity of such a fiber component ensures low noise emissions, a very even radiation distribution and clean combustion with low levels of pollutants.
  • the feed channel can also be divided into a fuel channel and an air channel, the fuel channel opening centrally on the outside of the fiber component, while the air channel is closed off by the fiber component. In this case, only the combustion air flows through the fiber component.
  • FIG. 1 shows the part of a furnace wall (1) of a furnace, on the outside of which a gas burner (2) is attached.
  • the combustion chamber wall (1) has a continuous, cylindrical recess (3) which is delimited on the outside by a flange (4) on which the gas burner (2) is suspended.
  • a cylindrical fiber burner block (5) is inserted into the recess (3).
  • the fiber burner block (5) serves to guide a flame (6) generated by the gas burner (2) and isolates this flame (6) from the combustion chamber wall (1).
  • Figures (2) and (3) show the structure of the fiber burner block (5) shown in Figure (1) in more detail.
  • the fiber burner block (5) consists of a fiber sheath (7) and an outer sheath (8) of metal, for example expanded metal.
  • the fiber jacket (7) is composed of fiber strips arranged next to one another in the circumferential direction and alternately rectangular in cross section - denoted by (9) for example - and triangular fiber strips - denoted by (10 ⁇ ) by way of example , the latter tapering towards the guide channel (11) enveloped by the fiber jacket (7).
  • the fiber strips (9, 10 ⁇ ) extend over the entire axial length of the fiber jacket (7). They are dimensioned in such a way that they lie under tension on the inside of the outer casing (8). This also results in mutual printing of the fiber strips (9, 10 ⁇ ) with one another.
  • Figure (4) shows a part of the fiber jacket (7) with the rectangular fiber strips (9) and the triangular fiber strips (10 ⁇ ) which is laid out horizontally on a base (12). It is made clear that the individual fibers extend in planes that lie essentially parallel to the surfaces with which the fiber strips (9, 10 ⁇ ) lie against one another after completion of the fiber jacket (7). This results in a brush-like structure with fibers projecting perpendicular to the surfaces both on the outside and on the inside of the fiber jacket (7).
  • the channel (14) enveloped by it is conical with a cross section tapering towards the end of the channel (14).
  • the fiber cladding (15) of the fiber burner block (13) is also conical and is encased on the outside by a conical outer cladding (16) which is not shown in detail.
  • the fiber burner block (13) is inserted into an air duct (17), which is also tapered and is closed at the tapered end and runs parallel and at a distance from the outer casing (16).
  • a flame is generated in the channel (14) from the widened end, which creates a negative pressure due to the nozzle effect of the fiber jacket (15), so that air from the outside via the air channel (17) via the through openings in the outer jacket (16) and is sucked into the channel (14) via the fiber jacket (15).
  • this improves the combustion and, on the other hand, the fiber jacket (15) is constantly cooled.
  • the fiber cladding (15) is composed of alternately rectangular cross-section of fiber strips - designated by (18) for example - and triangular cross-sections of fiber strip - designated by (19).
  • fiber strips (18, 19) are shortened at regular intervals towards the tapering end of the channel (11) and, moreover, they are designed in a wedge shape.
  • Figures (7) and (8) show at their ends wedge-shaped cut fiber strips (20 incident) and additionally shortened fiber strips (21) next to a rectangular fiber strip (22), in Figure (7) placed on a flat surface (23) side by side and in Figure (8) in individual representation both from the side and from the front. With the help of such fiber strips (20 ⁇ , 21, 22), the desired cone angle for the fiber burner block (13) can be realized.
  • FIG. 9 shows a cylindrical fiber burner (24).
  • this fiber burner block (24) has a fiber cladding (25) which is composed of annular fiber disks arranged one behind the other in the axial direction - for example designated (26).
  • the fiber discs (26) are punched out of a fiber mat of appropriate thickness, the fibers extending primarily in planes parallel to the surfaces of the fiber mat.
  • the main course of the fibers in the fiber burner block (24) lies in radial planes, so that here too there is a brush-shaped structure on the inside and outside surface of the fiber jacket (25).
  • a tensioning device which has two tension anchors (27, 28) extending in the axial direction, the ends of the tension anchors (27, 28) being open support on one side on annular or cross-shaped support disks (29, 30 ⁇ ) and on the other end on a rigid support ring (31).
  • tension anchors (27, 28) can be easily adjust the contact pressure of the fiber discs (26) with each other and thus also the porosity of the fiber jacket (25), and even subsequently.
  • a burner (32) is partially shown in FIG. It has a feed channel (33) for the fuel mixture, at the end of which a cylindrical fiber burner block (34) connects downwards.
  • the fiber burner block (34) has a fiber jacket (35), which is composed of annular fiber disks arranged one behind the other in the axial direction - designated by (36) for example.
  • the fiber jacket (35) envelops a guide channel (37) which adjoins the feed channel (33) in the axial direction and is closed at the end by a clamping plate (38).
  • the guide channel (37) is penetrated by a tension anchor (39) connected to the tensioning plate (38), which is screwed in the area of the mouth of the feed channel (33) to a bracket, not shown, and with which the mutual contact pressure of the fiber disks (36) and allow the porosity of the fiber jacket (35) to be adjusted.
  • a flame (40 ⁇ ) is generated on the outer peripheral surface of the fiber jacket (35).
  • a fuel-air mixture is introduced into the guide channel (37) via the feed channel (33). Due to its porosity, the fuel-air mixture flows through the fiber jacket (35), then emerges on the outer circumferential surface and is ignited or ignites there itself.
  • Figure (12) shows another burner (41) with a rectangular feed channel (42) for a fuel-air mixture.
  • the feed channel (42) has a widening (43) with lateral clamping flanges (44, 45) which run parallel to one another.
  • a fiberboard (46) is clamped, which consists of a large number of side by side arranged, cross-sectionally rectangular fiber strips (47).
  • the fiber strips (47) are dimensioned such that they abut one another and on the clamping flanges (44, 45) in compression.
  • one of the clamping flanges (44, 45) can be made adjustable in the plane of the fiberboard (46) in order to change the preload and thus the porosity of the fiberboard (46).
  • the fiber strips (47) are arranged in such a way that the fibers extend in planes which lie in the flow direction. This results in a brush-like structure on the free surfaces of the fiber mats (46).
  • a fuel-air mixture is passed through the fiber plate (46) via the feed channel (42).
  • the mixture then emerges from the upper outside of the fiberboard (46) and is ignited there, so that a large-area flame (48) is produced.
  • FIG. It has an air supply duct (50 ⁇ ), which has a funnel-shaped extension (51) towards the bottom.
  • the air supply duct (50) is coaxially penetrated by a fuel duct (52) which opens into a distributor (53) on the underside.
  • a funnel-shaped fiberboard (54) is clamped in the extension (51). Its conical top is at a distance from the wall of the extension (51).
  • the fiberboard (54) is penetrated by the fuel channel (52), the openings of the distributor (53) being directed towards the underside of the fiberboard (54).
  • the fiberboard (54) consists of a multiplicity of fibrous strips - denoted by (55) for example - their mutual contact surfaces extending in the axial direction. This also applies to the planes in which the fibers of the individual fiber strips (55) run, so that there is a brush-like shape on the top and bottom of the fiber plate (54) Structure results.
  • the fiberboard (54) is supplied with pure air via the air supply duct (50 ⁇ ) and the extension (51). This penetrates the fiberboard (54) and then emerges finely distributed on the underside. At the same time, fuel is distributed via the fuel channel (52) and the distributor (53) over the underside of the fiberboard (54), which mixes in this area with the air exiting from the fiberboard (54) and in this way results in an ignitable mixture.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
EP91118382A 1990-11-02 1991-10-29 Faserbrennerstein sowie Brenner mit einem solchen Faserbrennerstein Expired - Lifetime EP0483743B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT2205/90 1990-11-02
AT0220590A AT394768B (de) 1990-11-02 1990-11-02 Brennerflammenfuehrungsteil

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0483743A2 EP0483743A2 (de) 1992-05-06
EP0483743A3 EP0483743A3 (en) 1992-10-28
EP0483743B1 true EP0483743B1 (de) 1996-07-10

Family

ID=3529956

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91118382A Expired - Lifetime EP0483743B1 (de) 1990-11-02 1991-10-29 Faserbrennerstein sowie Brenner mit einem solchen Faserbrennerstein

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5348468A (ja)
EP (1) EP0483743B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH0539918A (ja)
AT (2) AT394768B (ja)
DE (2) DE59107991D1 (ja)

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EP3058300B1 (en) * 2013-10-14 2018-12-05 Bloom Engineering Company, Inc. Burner port block assembly
US9175909B2 (en) 2014-02-07 2015-11-03 Temtek Solutions, Inc. Refractory insulating module
JP6062873B2 (ja) * 2014-02-12 2017-01-18 中外炉工業株式会社 炉体構造
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US11428438B2 (en) * 2020-04-28 2022-08-30 Rheem Manufacturing Company Carryover burners for fluid heating systems and methods thereof

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5348468A (en) 1994-09-20
ATE140311T1 (de) 1996-07-15
DE9113418U1 (de) 1991-12-12
DE59107991D1 (de) 1996-08-14
ATA220590A (de) 1991-11-15
AT394768B (de) 1992-06-25
EP0483743A2 (de) 1992-05-06
JPH0539918A (ja) 1993-02-19
EP0483743A3 (en) 1992-10-28

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