EP0474622A1 - Procédé pour démarrer un système échangeur de chaleur pour produire de la vapeur et système échangeur de chaleur pour produire de la vapeur - Google Patents
Procédé pour démarrer un système échangeur de chaleur pour produire de la vapeur et système échangeur de chaleur pour produire de la vapeur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0474622A1 EP0474622A1 EP91890180A EP91890180A EP0474622A1 EP 0474622 A1 EP0474622 A1 EP 0474622A1 EP 91890180 A EP91890180 A EP 91890180A EP 91890180 A EP91890180 A EP 91890180A EP 0474622 A1 EP0474622 A1 EP 0474622A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- starting
- hot gas
- steam
- exchanger system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
- F22B35/007—Control systems for waste heat boilers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
- F22B1/1807—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
- F22B1/1815—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines using the exhaust gases of gas-turbines
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for starting a heat exchanger system provided in a hot gas line, in particular an exhaust gas line, expediently in a waste heat boiler, for example after a gas turbine, for generating steam, for example a circulation or.
- Continuous steam generator advantageously a natural or forced circulation boiler or forced flow boiler, in particular a preheater / evaporator / superheater system, which is preceded by a start-up heat exchanger, is supplied via the feed medium, in particular water or steam, and which first starts with superheated steam and finally water to the Outputs heat exchanger system so that the originally unpressurized empty and essentially heated to hot gas heat exchanger system is continuously brought into its operating state and operating temperature, and a corresponding heat exchanger system.
- the heat exchanger system can also comprise only a single or two heat exchangers which are preceded by a starting heat exchanger.
- the starting heat exchanger is always connected to the hot gas, and thus, when the heat exchanger system is empty, has at least essentially the same hot gas temperature as its other heat exchanger.
- It is designed as a heat accumulator with a high storage capacity as a system of concentric pipes, which can be moved against each other to compensate for the different thermal expansion when feeding water when the steam generator is started.
- it is mentioned that it would not harm if e.g. the inner pipe of the system, where the water is fed in, breaks.
- the starting heat exchanger according to this DE-PS 3 741 882 has the great disadvantage that when starting the water flowing through it damages or destroys the protective layer in the entry zone because of the considerable temperature differences and in particular iron is thereby introduced into the boiler system, which also jeopardizes the heat exchanger system .
- the method according to the invention is primarily characterized in that the starting heat exchanger is filled with feed medium in the cold state and then subjected to hot gas.
- the start-up heat exchanger is therefore subsequently subjected to hot gas "in the cold state”.
- the amount of hot gas and / or feed medium, in particular water or steam, supplied to the starting heat exchanger is controlled in such a way that when the feed medium, in particular water or steam, enters the heat exchanger system heated to the hot gas temperature, none Thermal shock effect occurs.
- Thermal shock is understood to mean the stress on the material of the heat exchanger system due to sudden temperature differences on the pressure-carrying components (see also S. SCHWAIGERER "Strength calculation of components in steam boiler, tank and pipeline construction, 2nd edition, 1970, pages 59/60). As a food medium cold water is preferred.
- the heat exchanger system according to the invention which is arranged in a hot gas line, in particular an exhaust line, is expediently arranged in a waste heat boiler, for example after a gas turbine, for steam generation, for example a circulation or continuous steam generator, advantageously a natural or forced circulation or forced flow boiler, in particular a preheater -, Evaporator and superheater system, with a starting heat exchanger, via the feed medium, especially water or steam supply, and which first releases hot steam and finally water to the heat exchanger system when the pressureless, empty and essentially hot gas temperature is started up, above all characterized in that the starting heat exchanger at least partially, advantageously largely, from the hot gas flow is separable, the starting heat exchanger serving in particular as an auxiliary steam generator for starting up the entire system from the cold state.
- the starting heat exchanger is arranged in the hot gas line and or the like against the hot gas flow by means of flaps. shieldable; Another advantageous possibility is that the starting heat exchanger or the like in a by means of flaps. Openable and closable secondary line of the hot gas line is arranged, which has a significantly smaller passage cross section than the hot gas line, e.g. of about 25% of the total cross section.
- the starting heat exchanger has an additional water or. Steam supply is downstream; In this way, the start-up heat exchanger can be taken out of operation after starting.
- the invention can be implemented on any heat exchanger system; preference is given to a closed system, ie where the condensate formed from the steam generated after work and cooling is returned as feed water; also on any steam generation system (such as forced circulation, natural circulation, forced circulation).
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are continuous steam generators, the embodiments according to FIGS.
- the system is fed in the direction of the arrow A 'with water (or steam) via a collector S1 into a starting heat exchanger 2, which is connected to the preheater 3 via collectors S2 and S3.
- the starting heat exchanger 2 is arranged above the preheater 3 in the hot gas line 1 and against the hot gas flow by flaps 9 or the like. shieldable. It can be seen that the system according to FIG. 1 is fundamentally fed via the collector S1, but as a further special feature between the collectors S2 and S3 a further feed point A ⁇ can be provided.
- the cold start heat exchanger shielded from the hot gas flow is first charged with steam or water and the shielding flaps are opened so that the hot gas comes into contact with the start heat exchanger.
- the flap position or the feed of the start heat exchanger 2, or both, are coordinated so that the start heat exchanger emits hot steam at the start of the start-up phase and hot water at the end of the start-up phase to the preheater 3, so that the system from hot, empty in its Operating state cools down, where hot steam is just being formed in the superheater.
- the shielding flaps 9 can remain open or closed; the start heat exchanger 2 then acts as a preheater; accordingly, the heating surface of the ECO could be made smaller.
- the starting heat exchanger 2 is provided in a branch line 10 of the hot gas line 1.
- the branch line 10 can be closed by flaps 9.
- a further feed point A ⁇ can be provided between the collectors S2 and S3, via which additional feed medium can be metered in, for example, when starting up, or in the operating state the only feed point is feed water; in the second case, the branch line 10 then usually remains closed, and the starting heat exchanger is not supplied.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 essentially correspond to the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2; the only difference is their design as circulation systems with a boiler drum 8.
- water comes from the preheater 3 via the collector S4 into the boiler drum 8, from where it goes to the collector 6, for which purpose a pump 7 is optionally provided, and from there into the evaporator 4 and via the collector S5 in the steam chamber of the boiler drum 8, from where it goes to the superheater 6 via the collector S7 and leaves it as service steam via the collector S8 in the direction of the arrow B 'to the consumer.
- a bridging line 11 for controlled heating of the drum 8 can be provided between the steam space of the boiler drum 8 and the collector S2 connected in the flow direction to the starting heat exchanger 2.
- This bypass line 11 can also serve to feed auxiliary steam into the auxiliary steam system of the system for starting up the system, so that no foreign medium is required for this.
- each boiler system can be equipped with the starting heat exchanger arrangement according to the invention, the invention is therefore not restricted to the illustrated embodiments.
- the water / steam cycle can also be provided in a known manner, i.e. that waste steam and / or waste water returns from the consumer to the heat exchanger system.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0175590A AT394627B (de) | 1990-08-27 | 1990-08-27 | Verfahren zum anfahren eines waermetauschersystems zur dampferzeugung sowie waermetauschersystem zur dampferzeugung |
AT1755/90 | 1990-08-27 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0474622A1 true EP0474622A1 (fr) | 1992-03-11 |
EP0474622B1 EP0474622B1 (fr) | 1994-09-28 |
Family
ID=3520308
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91890180A Expired - Lifetime EP0474622B1 (fr) | 1990-08-27 | 1991-08-13 | Procédé pour démarrer un système échangeur de chaleur pour produire de la vapeur et système échangeur de chaleur pour produire de la vapeur |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5189988A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0474622B1 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR920004808A (fr) |
AT (1) | AT394627B (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2049815A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE59103104D1 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK0474622T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2062749T3 (fr) |
FI (1) | FI913766A (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999001697A1 (fr) * | 1997-06-30 | 1999-01-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Generateur de vapeur par recuperation de chaleur perdue |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4142376A1 (de) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-06-24 | Siemens Ag | Fossil befeuerter durchlaufdampferzeuger |
DE4303613C2 (de) * | 1993-02-09 | 1998-12-17 | Steinmueller Gmbh L & C | Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Dampf in einem Zwangsdurchlaufdampferzeuger |
US5924389A (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 1999-07-20 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Heat recovery steam generator |
US6092490A (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 2000-07-25 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Heat recovery steam generator |
EP1512905A1 (fr) * | 2003-09-03 | 2005-03-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Générateur de vapeur à passage unique et méthode pour faire fonctionner ledit générateur de vapeur à passage unique |
ITMI20050104A1 (it) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-07-27 | Son S R L | Generatore di vapore a recupero |
EP2065641A3 (fr) * | 2007-11-28 | 2010-06-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé de fonctionnement d'un générateur de vapeur en flux continu, ainsi que générateur de vapeur en flux à sens unique |
CN101696080B (zh) * | 2009-10-30 | 2012-07-25 | 蚌埠玻璃工业设计研究院 | 一种玻璃熔窑的烟气排出系统 |
KR101984361B1 (ko) * | 2013-09-26 | 2019-09-03 | 누터/에릭슨 인코퍼레이티드 | 열 복구 스팀 발생기를 위한 열 교환 시스템 및 방법 |
CN104154515A (zh) * | 2014-08-14 | 2014-11-19 | 张家港市艾克沃环境能源技术有限公司 | 一种可调吸热量余热锅炉及其控制方法 |
CN105805720B (zh) * | 2015-07-17 | 2018-04-27 | 衢州学院 | 一种配备有自动化锅炉控制系统的三合一锅炉 |
CN105299608B (zh) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-08-25 | 广州博恩能源有限公司 | 一种生物质气体锅炉 |
US9995170B2 (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2018-06-12 | General Electric Technology Gmbh | System and method for heating components of a heat recovery steam generator |
CN106168366B (zh) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-10-23 | 江苏安信锅炉有限公司 | 贯流式智能化节能锅炉系统 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1240113A (en) * | 1968-05-23 | 1971-07-21 | Foster Wheeler Corp | Heat exchangers |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH401092A (de) * | 1963-04-02 | 1965-10-31 | Sulzer Ag | Anordnung zum Kühlen von Teilen eines Dampferzeugers durch Speisewasser |
CH557986A (de) * | 1974-03-22 | 1975-01-15 | Sulzer Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum regeln eines dampferzeugers. |
CH635184A5 (de) * | 1978-12-22 | 1983-03-15 | Sulzer Ag | Dampferzeugeranlage. |
DE3236979A1 (de) * | 1982-10-06 | 1984-04-12 | Deutsche Babcock Werke AG, 4200 Oberhausen | Zwangsdurchlaufdampferzeuger und verfahren zu seiner inbetriebnahme |
EP0308728B1 (fr) * | 1987-09-21 | 1991-06-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Méthode d'exploitation d'un générateur de vapeur à passage unique |
DE3741882C1 (en) * | 1987-12-10 | 1989-02-02 | Gea Luftkuehler Happel Gmbh | Steam generator with once-through forced flow |
-
1990
- 1990-08-27 AT AT0175590A patent/AT394627B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1991
- 1991-08-08 FI FI913766A patent/FI913766A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-08-13 ES ES91890180T patent/ES2062749T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-08-13 DK DK91890180.2T patent/DK0474622T3/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-08-13 US US07/744,929 patent/US5189988A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-08-13 EP EP91890180A patent/EP0474622B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-08-13 DE DE59103104T patent/DE59103104D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-08-26 KR KR1019910014790A patent/KR920004808A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-08-26 CA CA002049815A patent/CA2049815A1/fr not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1240113A (en) * | 1968-05-23 | 1971-07-21 | Foster Wheeler Corp | Heat exchangers |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
VGB KRAFTWERKSTECHNIK. Bd. 69, Nr. 12, Dezember 1989, ESSEN DE Seiten 1163 - 1166; R.DOLEZAL: 'Anfahren eines auf 550 ØC erhitzten Durchlauf-Abhitzekessels ohne Abgasbypass im Heizkraftwerk der Universität Stuttgart' * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999001697A1 (fr) * | 1997-06-30 | 1999-01-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Generateur de vapeur par recuperation de chaleur perdue |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR920004808A (ko) | 1992-03-28 |
DE59103104D1 (de) | 1994-11-03 |
CA2049815A1 (fr) | 1992-02-28 |
FI913766A (fi) | 1992-02-28 |
AT394627B (de) | 1992-05-25 |
ATA175590A (de) | 1991-10-15 |
US5189988A (en) | 1993-03-02 |
DK0474622T3 (da) | 1995-02-13 |
FI913766A0 (fi) | 1991-08-08 |
ES2062749T3 (es) | 1994-12-16 |
EP0474622B1 (fr) | 1994-09-28 |
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