EP0472655A1 - Ausgiess- und verschlusseinheit mit schnappscharnier. - Google Patents
Ausgiess- und verschlusseinheit mit schnappscharnier.Info
- Publication number
- EP0472655A1 EP0472655A1 EP90908957A EP90908957A EP0472655A1 EP 0472655 A1 EP0472655 A1 EP 0472655A1 EP 90908957 A EP90908957 A EP 90908957A EP 90908957 A EP90908957 A EP 90908957A EP 0472655 A1 EP0472655 A1 EP 0472655A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pouring
- pouring body
- sealing cap
- capsule
- hinge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D47/00—Closures with filling and discharging, or with discharging, devices
- B65D47/04—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps
- B65D47/06—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages
- B65D47/08—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages having articulated or hinged closures
- B65D47/0804—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages having articulated or hinged closures integrally formed with the base element provided with the spout or discharge passage
- B65D47/0809—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages having articulated or hinged closures integrally formed with the base element provided with the spout or discharge passage and elastically biased towards both the open and the closed positions
- B65D47/0814—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages having articulated or hinged closures integrally formed with the base element provided with the spout or discharge passage and elastically biased towards both the open and the closed positions by at least three hinge sections, at least one having a length different from the others
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pouring assembly and closure cap made of plastic material comprising a pouring body intended to be fixed to a container and a sealing capsule intended to close the pouring body and connected to the pouring body by a spring hinge.
- Such spring hinges are known, for example, from French patents 1 402 900 and 78 03 713.
- the present invention relates to a pouring assembly and closure cap with spring hinge which, while being simple to manufacture, allows a tight attachment to a container neck, even when the neck has manufacturing defects.
- the invention also has as its object and a pouring assembly and closure cap with spring hinge which, while being of simple manufacture, allows fixing by welding directly on the body of a flexible tube.
- the pouring and capping capsule assembly comprises a pouring body intended to be fixed to a container and a capping capsule intended to close the pouring body and connected to the pouring body by a spring hinge.
- the pouring body is made of flexible plastic material, by molding, and the capsule is made, with the hinge of a single spring piece, of hard plastic material, by overmolding of the pouring body.
- the realization of the pouring body in a flexible plastic material allows, either to form on the pouring body sealing means (lips, skirts, etc.) sufficiently flexible so that they compensate for possible manufacturing defects of the container neck during fixing the pouring body by screwing or snapping onto the neck, or to provide for fixing the pouring body directly by welding to the body of a flexible tube.
- the overmolding of the pouring body by the capsule can be located in the hinge area, in which case the pouring body advantageously has, in the hinge area, an edge with a male or female undercut profile ensuring a perfect connection with the material of the capsule and the hinge, during overmolding.
- the overmolding of the pouring body by the capsule can be done around the entire periphery, thanks to the overmolding of the pouring body by a circumferential belt to which the capsule itself is connected by the spring hinge.
- Figure 1 is a side view of a pouring assembly and closure cap according to the invention, the capsule being shown in the open position;
- Figure 2 is a vertical section on a larger scale of the assembly of Figure 1, the capsule being closed;
- Figure 3 is a side view similar to Figure 1 of another embodiment of an assembly according to the invention.
- Figure 4 is a vertical section, on a larger scale, of the assembly of Figure 3;
- Figure 5 is a vertical section of a pouring assembly and closure cap for direct fixing by welding to the body of a flexible tube.
- the pouring and sealing cap assembly made of plastic according to FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a pouring body 1 and a capsule plug 2 connected to the pouring body 1 by a spring hinge 3.
- the pouring body 1 essentially comprises an internal skirt 4 intended to cooperate in leaktight manner with the internal face of the neck 5 of a bottle 6, and an external skirt 7 intended to cooperate with the external face neck 5, the two skirts 4 and 7 being interconnected at their upper part by an annular connection zone 8.
- the internal skirt 4 is extended upwards beyond the connection zone 8 in the form of a spout 9.
- a cover 10 connected by a thin veil 11 to the inner skirt 4 closes the latter, the cover 10 can be torn off using a pulling ring 12 during the first use.
- the outer skirt 7 which has an inner bead 13 for fixing the pouring body 1 by snap-fastening on the neck 5 provided with an outer groove 14 is extended, at its lower end, by an outer rim 15 extending upwards under the shape of a divergent belt up to the contabt plane 16 between the pouring body 1 and the capsule 2, except in the area of the spring hinge 3.
- the flange 15 ends, below the hinge 3, by an edge 17 has a profile in the shape of a tenon with undercut, for example in dovetail.
- the entire pouring body as described above is made in one piece by injection molding of a flexible plastic material, for example polyethylene.
- the closure cap 2 comprises an inner skirt 21 and an outer skirt 22 projecting downwards on a capsule bottom 23, the inner skirt 21 being intended to penetrate into the pouring spout 9 and the outer skirt 22 coming in the extension of the rim 15 of the pouring body 1.
- the capsule 2 is injection molded in a hard plastic material such as polypropylene, in one piece with the spring hinge 3 and, between the latter and the edge 17 of the pouring body 1, with a connecting part 24 having a female profile in the form of an undercut mortise, for example in a dovetail.
- the capsule 2 is made by overmolding the pouring body 1, that is to say the pouring body 1 is first manufactured by injection in a first mold, is then removed from this first mold and placed as an insert in a second mold in which the capsule 2, with the hinge 3 and the connecting part 24, is produced by overmolding of the pouring body 1 by the capsule 2 in the open position according to FIG. 1.
- the overmolding is located at the zone of the hinge 3, that is to say that is to say limited to the molding of the edge 17 of the pouring body 1 by the connecting part 24 located below the hinge 3.
- a pouring and capping capsule assembly comprises a pouring body 31, a belt 32, a capping capsule 33 and a spring hinge 34.
- the pouring body 31 has an internal skirt 35 intended to cooperate with the internal face of a bottle neck not shown, an external skirt 36 intended to cooperate with the external face of the neck and having an internal bead 37 intended to cooperate by snap-fastening an outer groove of the neck, a cover 38 with tearing ring 39, and a pouring spout 40 projecting upwards on the connecting part 41 of the two skirts 35 and 36.
- the connecting part 41 comprises an outer bead 42 projecting radially over the entire periphery.
- the belt 32 comprises an outer part 44 in the form of a spherical crown, extending the hemispherical capsule 33 below the contact plane 45 between the belt 32 and the capsule 33, and an internal frustoconical part 46 extending from the lower end of the part 44 upwards and inwards, ending in an annular part 47 which surrounds from the outside, around the entire periphery, the bead 42 of the pouring body 31 and has a female profile complementary to the profile of the bead 42.
- the pouring body is first molded by injection, in a first mold. 31 from a flexible plastic material such as polyethylene.
- the pouring body 1 is then transferred into a second mold in which the pouring body 31 is molded using the belt 32 and the capsule 33, the latter in the open position according to FIG. 3, by injection.
- a hard plastic such as polypropylene.
- a pouring assembly and closure cap cap comprises a pouring body 51, a closure capsule 52 and a spring hinge 53.
- the pouring body 51 is formed by a neck 54 extended upwards by a pouring spout 55 and downwards by a diverging collar 56 ending in a flange 57 for the connection of the pouring body 51 with a flexible tube 58.
- the capsule 52 which has a shape appears to be that of the capsule according to FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises an inner j ue 59 cooperating with the spout 55, and an outer j ue 60.
- the outer skirt 60 of the capsule 52 is extended downwards by a connecting portion 61 having a male profile with an undercut, for example in the shape of a dovetail tenon, the pouring body 51 having an edge 62 of complementary profile, by example in the form of a mortise with an undercut in the shape of a dovetail.
- the pouring body 51 as a whole is first produced by injecting a flexible plastic material into a first mold, then is transferred to a second injection mold in which the pouring body 51 is overmolded by the capsule, by injection of a hard plastic material.
- the pouring assembly and closure cap thus produced can then be directly welded by the collar 57 onto a flexible tube 58 made of flexible plastic, thanks to the compatibility of the materials of the pouring body 51 and of the tube 58.
- Tamper-evident means other than the cover (10, 38) may be provided, for example tear-off means covering the recess provided, opposite the spring hinge, in the outer skirt of the capsule to facilitate opening of the capsule. These are means known per se which have not been illustrated so as not to complicate the drawings.
- sealing means between the pouring body and the bottle neck could consist of one or more lips or other known means, forming an integral part of the pouring body, in addition to or instead of the inner skirt (4 , 35) cooperating with the inside face of the neck.
- Another advantage of the structure according to the invention of a pouring assembly and closure cap consists in the possibility of producing a two-color assembly, the two different materials used in the manufacture of the assembly according to the invention being able to be of different colors.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Auxiliary Methods And Devices For Loading And Unloading (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
- Cartons (AREA)
- Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
- Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)
- Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8906433 | 1989-05-17 | ||
FR8906433A FR2647088B1 (fr) | 1989-05-17 | 1989-05-17 | Ensemble verseur et capsule de bouchage avec charniere a ressort |
PCT/FR1990/000346 WO1990014287A1 (fr) | 1989-05-17 | 1990-05-17 | Ensemble verseur et capsule de bouchage avec charniere a ressort |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0472655A1 true EP0472655A1 (de) | 1992-03-04 |
EP0472655B1 EP0472655B1 (de) | 1994-06-15 |
Family
ID=9381721
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90908957A Expired - Lifetime EP0472655B1 (de) | 1989-05-17 | 1990-05-17 | Ausgiess- und verschlusseinheit mit schnappscharnier |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5301849A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0472655B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH05500002U (de) |
AT (1) | ATE107254T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU631432B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2057906A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE69010003T2 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0472655T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2055434T3 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2647088B1 (de) |
GR (1) | GR1003022B (de) |
NO (1) | NO179939C (de) |
PT (1) | PT94061B (de) |
WO (1) | WO1990014287A1 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA903791B (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007006957A1 (fr) * | 2005-07-13 | 2007-01-18 | Bericap | Bouchon a moyen verseur avec opercule arrachable |
WO2007006954A1 (fr) | 2005-07-13 | 2007-01-18 | Bericap | Bouchon a moyen verseur |
Families Citing this family (45)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1993005945A1 (de) * | 1991-09-17 | 1993-04-01 | Tetra Alfa Holdings S.A. | Verschlusseinheit an gebinde für fliessfähiges gut |
ES2090578T3 (es) * | 1991-12-12 | 1996-10-16 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Capsula de cierre. |
CH688585A5 (de) * | 1991-12-12 | 1997-11-28 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Verschlusseinheit an Gebinde fuer fliessfaehiges Gut. |
DK0546991T3 (da) * | 1991-12-12 | 1996-10-07 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Lukkeenhed til en beholder til gods, der kan flyde |
DK0546999T3 (da) * | 1991-12-12 | 1996-06-17 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Lukkeenhed til en beholder til flydende produkter |
WO1996014249A2 (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 1996-05-17 | Capitol Spouts, Inc. | Container having improved reclosable pour spout mounted thereon and process therefor |
US5957312A (en) * | 1995-01-30 | 1999-09-28 | Portola Packaging, Inc. | Fitment having removable membrane |
US6464096B2 (en) | 1995-01-30 | 2002-10-15 | Portola Packaging, Inc. | Fitment having removable membrane |
CN1073952C (zh) * | 1995-01-30 | 2001-10-31 | 波多拉包装公司 | 用于包围容器壁中的孔的安装件及其组合体 |
CA2185732A1 (en) * | 1995-11-13 | 1997-05-14 | Man-Jun Yoo | Liquid bottle cap and process for producing such a cap |
US5875942A (en) * | 1996-03-22 | 1999-03-02 | Japan Crown Cork Co., Ltd. | Hinged cap separable from bottle at the time of disposal |
US5711441A (en) * | 1996-09-04 | 1998-01-27 | Portola Packaging, Inc. | One-piece fitment having reclosure cap |
AU728236B2 (en) * | 1996-11-01 | 2001-01-04 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance Sa | One-piece molded flip cap closure |
FR2756261B1 (fr) | 1996-11-22 | 1998-12-31 | Nord Est Dev | Bouchon a charniere, monopiece, pour bouteille a bague faisant office de verseur |
CA2307851C (en) * | 1997-10-30 | 2007-08-21 | International Plastics And Equipment Corporation | Snap-on screw-off closure |
SE513337C2 (sv) * | 1998-06-15 | 2000-08-28 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Öppningsanordning |
CH692697A5 (de) * | 1998-07-03 | 2002-09-30 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Verschlusskappe. |
EP1088770A1 (de) | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-04 | Argo Sa | Ausgiesstülle für Behälter |
US20030071042A1 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2003-04-17 | Adams Brian M. | Closure including cap and fitment having gripping member |
DE10160362A1 (de) * | 2001-12-08 | 2003-06-26 | Saint Gobain Oberland Ag | Verschlußkappe |
ATE359214T1 (de) * | 2002-07-17 | 2007-05-15 | L & M Services Bv | In einem zweistufigen spritzgiessverfahren hergestellter verschluss |
GB2428669B (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2007-08-15 | Portola Packaging Ltd | Closures and containers in combination therewith |
CA2527007C (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2009-12-01 | Portola Packaging, Inc. | Method of joining separable components and container closure system formed by the same |
US7413097B1 (en) | 2003-08-01 | 2008-08-19 | Portola Packaging, Inc. | Tamper-evident closure and method of making same |
US20050205618A1 (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2005-09-22 | International Paper Company | Container fitment having ellipsoidal opening |
US20060011666A1 (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2006-01-19 | Patrice Wurtz | Pipette/applicator |
US7387220B2 (en) * | 2004-08-30 | 2008-06-17 | Scholle Corporation | Cap assembly and container used therewith |
US7682561B2 (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2010-03-23 | Sage Products, Inc. | Needleless hub disinfection device and method |
US8113374B2 (en) * | 2006-08-21 | 2012-02-14 | Tropicana Products, Inc. | Closure for container having removable portion and sealing membrane |
FR2908392B1 (fr) * | 2006-11-09 | 2010-11-12 | Lindal France | Tube souple muni d'une tete distributrice et d'une coiffe charniere |
CA2737129C (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2014-08-19 | Mccormick & Company, Incorporated | Non-drip spout closure |
WO2009114900A1 (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2009-09-24 | Innovative Design Co Pty Ltd | Foldabie spout integrally formed with closure. |
GB0916083D0 (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2009-10-28 | Obrist Closures Switzerland | A closure |
DE102012020529A1 (de) * | 2012-10-19 | 2014-04-24 | Sig Technology Ag | Wiederverschließbares Ausgießelement für eine Verpackung und Dorn eines drehbaren Dornrades einer Verpackungsmaschine zur Aufnahme eines solchen Ausgießelementes und Kombination von Ausgießelement und Dorn |
US9272824B2 (en) * | 2014-01-31 | 2016-03-01 | Gateway Plastics, Inc. | Flex hinge closure with drain-back channel |
CN105730855A (zh) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-07-06 | 李红彪 | 调味品瓶盖结构 |
CN108996007B (zh) * | 2016-06-24 | 2021-05-28 | 佛山市海盈食品有限公司 | 应用于液体包装的瓶盖 |
CN116177023A (zh) * | 2018-10-19 | 2023-05-30 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 管容器及其制造方法 |
USD981234S1 (en) | 2021-09-15 | 2023-03-21 | Closure Systems International Inc. | Closure |
USD1012705S1 (en) | 2021-09-20 | 2024-01-30 | Closure Systems International Inc. | Closure |
USD998464S1 (en) | 2021-10-29 | 2023-09-12 | Closure Systems International Inc. | Closure |
USD998463S1 (en) | 2021-10-29 | 2023-09-12 | Closure Systems International Inc. | Closure |
US11970319B2 (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2024-04-30 | Closure Systems International Inc. | Anti-rotational and removal closure |
US11945625B2 (en) | 2022-06-24 | 2024-04-02 | Closure Systems International Inc. | Package with closure |
US11801977B1 (en) | 2022-12-02 | 2023-10-31 | Closure Systems International Inc. | Package with one-piece closure |
Family Cites Families (19)
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US3160327A (en) * | 1961-01-23 | 1964-12-08 | Polymold Plastics Inc | Dispensing spout with rupturable breathing diaphragm and closure therefor |
US3135441A (en) * | 1961-03-23 | 1964-06-02 | Drackett Co | Spout type container closure |
NL128141C (de) * | 1963-03-20 | |||
CH415326A (de) * | 1964-06-25 | 1966-06-15 | Baumann Ag | Behälterausguss |
GB1074073A (en) * | 1965-02-04 | 1967-06-28 | Gen Foods Corp | Improvements in closures for containers from which contents are to be poured |
US3458080A (en) * | 1968-01-31 | 1969-07-29 | American Flange & Mfg | Closure tear out panels |
US4022357A (en) * | 1975-09-18 | 1977-05-10 | American Flange & Manufacturing Co., Inc. | Retractable pouring spout closure |
JPS5321275A (en) * | 1976-08-11 | 1978-02-27 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Process for making tubular containers |
DE2805046A1 (de) * | 1977-02-10 | 1978-08-17 | Createchnic Patent Ag | Kunststoffverschluss fuer feste und deformierbare behaelter |
JPS5549971A (en) * | 1978-09-30 | 1980-04-11 | Toshiba Corp | Power converter |
CH661488A5 (de) * | 1983-06-10 | 1987-07-31 | Alfatechnic Ag | Kunststoffverschluss. |
GB8328326D0 (en) * | 1983-10-24 | 1983-11-23 | Johnsen Jorgensen Plastics Ltd | Closure |
US4568005A (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1986-02-04 | General Foods Corporation | Snap-on closure for bottles |
AU594927B2 (en) * | 1984-08-16 | 1990-03-22 | Boots Company (Australia) Proprietary Limited, The | Packaging |
US4635107A (en) * | 1984-08-20 | 1987-01-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | Electron beam position control for color display |
NZ210919A (en) * | 1984-10-25 | 1988-02-12 | Sunbeam Plastics Corp | Two-piece dispensing closure for a container |
GB2193193A (en) * | 1986-07-28 | 1988-02-03 | Grand Ind Co Ltd | Closure for a container |
CH672771A5 (de) * | 1987-05-13 | 1989-12-29 | Alfatechnic Ag | |
FR2623167B2 (fr) * | 1987-08-14 | 1992-08-07 | Genus Int | Perfectionnement aux articles munis d'articulations elastiques se rigidifiant lors de leur mise en tension |
-
1989
- 1989-05-17 FR FR8906433A patent/FR2647088B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-05-16 PT PT94061A patent/PT94061B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-05-16 GR GR900100376A patent/GR1003022B/el unknown
- 1990-05-17 AT AT90908957T patent/ATE107254T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-05-17 CA CA002057906A patent/CA2057906A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1990-05-17 ES ES90908957T patent/ES2055434T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-17 JP JP1991600015U patent/JPH05500002U/ja active Pending
- 1990-05-17 ZA ZA903791A patent/ZA903791B/xx unknown
- 1990-05-17 DE DE69010003T patent/DE69010003T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-17 DK DK90908957.5T patent/DK0472655T3/da active
- 1990-05-17 EP EP90908957A patent/EP0472655B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-17 US US07/777,240 patent/US5301849A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-17 WO PCT/FR1990/000346 patent/WO1990014287A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1990-05-17 AU AU57470/90A patent/AU631432B2/en not_active Ceased
-
1991
- 1991-11-18 NO NO914499A patent/NO179939C/no unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9014287A1 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007006957A1 (fr) * | 2005-07-13 | 2007-01-18 | Bericap | Bouchon a moyen verseur avec opercule arrachable |
WO2007006954A1 (fr) | 2005-07-13 | 2007-01-18 | Bericap | Bouchon a moyen verseur |
FR2888565A1 (fr) * | 2005-07-13 | 2007-01-19 | Bericap Sarl | Bouchon a moyen verseur avec opercule arrachable |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO179939B (no) | 1996-10-07 |
US5301849A (en) | 1994-04-12 |
ES2055434T3 (es) | 1994-08-16 |
DK0472655T3 (da) | 1994-11-07 |
NO179939C (no) | 1997-01-15 |
WO1990014287A1 (fr) | 1990-11-29 |
AU5747090A (en) | 1990-12-18 |
GR900100376A (el) | 1991-10-10 |
FR2647088B1 (fr) | 1991-11-22 |
ZA903791B (en) | 1991-03-27 |
GR1003022B (el) | 1998-12-03 |
CA2057906A1 (fr) | 1990-11-18 |
NO914499L (no) | 1991-11-18 |
EP0472655B1 (de) | 1994-06-15 |
ATE107254T1 (de) | 1994-07-15 |
PT94061B (pt) | 1997-04-30 |
PT94061A (pt) | 1991-01-08 |
JPH05500002U (de) | 1993-02-04 |
NO914499D0 (no) | 1991-11-18 |
FR2647088A1 (fr) | 1990-11-23 |
AU631432B2 (en) | 1992-11-26 |
DE69010003D1 (de) | 1994-07-21 |
DE69010003T2 (de) | 1994-09-22 |
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