EP0465427A1 - Body structure for railway vehicles - Google Patents

Body structure for railway vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0465427A1
EP0465427A1 EP91810509A EP91810509A EP0465427A1 EP 0465427 A1 EP0465427 A1 EP 0465427A1 EP 91810509 A EP91810509 A EP 91810509A EP 91810509 A EP91810509 A EP 91810509A EP 0465427 A1 EP0465427 A1 EP 0465427A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
body structure
structure according
longitudinal grooves
substructure
superstructure
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91810509A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0465427B1 (en
Inventor
Roland Hänni
Alex Stutz
Giorgio Destefani
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3A Composites International AG
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Alusuisse Lonza Services Ltd
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Publication of EP0465427A1 publication Critical patent/EP0465427A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/041—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures with bodies characterised by use of light metal, e.g. aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/043—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures connections between superstructure sub-units

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a body structure for rail vehicles, which comprise a superstructure with extruded profiles made of an aluminum alloy that are detachably connected by mechanical means, and a substructure.
  • EP-PS 0186625 describes a chassis for road vehicles, in particular made of an aluminum alloy, with longitudinal and cross-members penetrating them and an outer frame for receiving floor planks running in the longitudinal direction. The profiles are screwed together with elbows.
  • the chassis must be self-supporting as such, otherwise it could not be used as a loading bridge for road vehicles.
  • this solution which was designed for a chassis for road vehicles, cannot be transferred to the construction of rail vehicles because there are different conditions and different requirements.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a body structure for rail vehicles of the type mentioned, which achieves the stability required for rail vehicles with little effort has a low weight and is easy to repair.
  • the substructure consists of longitudinal and cross members detachably connected to one another and to the superstructure by mechanical means, made of an extruded aluminum alloy, which substructure is inherently stable in cooperation with the superstructure. Special embodiments and further training are the subject of dependent claims.
  • the mechanical means for the profile connection are preferably screwable corner connectors with screw holes in both legs.
  • corner connectors with clamping plates known per se, reference is made to DE-PS 2751753 and the Swiss patent applications No. 01246/90 and 02014/90.
  • the longitudinal members and at least partially the cross members of the substructure as well as the posts and upper chords of the superstructure on at least one side have two undercut longitudinal grooves for receiving screw nuts , preferably rotatable clamping plates, or clamping clips with crossbars.
  • the above-mentioned, preferably spaced-apart longitudinal grooves are essentially formed by C-shaped profile approaches.
  • the corner pieces with clamping plates positioned in the longitudinal direction of the two legs can be inserted into the undercut grooves of the profiles to be connected and the screws screwed into the clamping plates can be tightened with a screwdriver, wrench or the like.
  • the clamping plates rotate by 45 ° and ensure a secure, stable connection after tightening the screws (EP-PS 2751753).
  • corner connectors consist of two mutually movable angle pieces, each of which has a groove on the side facing away from the complementary angle piece and a wedge surface on the opposite side along its legs. Both profiles have a second web parallel to the first web on both profile legs. These engage positively in the grooves of the elbows.
  • the angle pieces are spread apart from each other by at least one wedge rail, which lies against the wedge surfaces and is tightened against the associated profile by screws (Swiss patent application No. 01246/90).
  • the corner connectors are fixed with clamping clips in the longitudinal grooves formed by C-profile approaches.
  • the clamping brackets are inserted into the longitudinal groove with the screws inserted.
  • the strips of the C-profile lugs that delimit the opening of the longitudinal grooves each have a thickening on the inside.
  • the clamping bracket has on both sides a longitudinal bulge which engages behind the thickening and on both sides of the screw at least one cross bar which presses into the thickening of the relevant strip when the screw is tightened. This enables a large application of force in the longitudinal direction of the profile (Swiss patent application No. 02014/90).
  • the posts of the side walls and possibly also the bow of the roof are preferably formed in two parts and consist of extruded profiles made of an aluminum alloy which are connected to one another via at least two webs.
  • the width of the connecting webs is matched to the lateral offset of the two relevant longitudinal grooves in the side longitudinal member and in the top flange.
  • the connecting webs consist of a material with high mechanical strength, in particular a plastic, such as Polyethylene or polypropylene. If no insulation properties are to be fulfilled, the connecting webs can also consist of an aluminum alloy.
  • the cavities of the extruded profiles, in particular the side posts, can be foamed, e.g. with a polystyrene foam. This can significantly reduce the annoying roar in railroad cars.
  • the car body structure shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is designed for the transport of people in local rail traffic. It essentially consists of a substructure 1 and a superstructure 2 made of extruded aluminum profiles which are screwed to corner connectors 13, 24, 25. This results in an at least partially modular structure, so that a construction can be transferred to vehicles of different length, width or height with little effort using the same basic elements.
  • the substructure 1 comprises two inner longitudinal members 3 and two outer longitudinal members 4, which are continuous extruded profiles, and cross members 5.
  • the superstructure comprises posts 6, an upper chord 7 on both sides and a roof 8.
  • the inner side members 3 also serve to transfer the buffer forces and are relatively solid. They essentially consist of a rectangular hollow profile with two undercut grooves 12 formed on both sides with respect to the cross-section of C-shaped profile approaches. On both sides, two grooves 12 each have a common central web 11.
  • a corner connector 13 rests on each undercut longitudinal groove.
  • the contact surface of two adjacent longitudinal grooves 12 lie on a common plane E.
  • the screws 14 with clamping plates 34 shown in FIG. 5 are only indicated.
  • the narrow long sides of the longitudinal beam 3, which have no grooves, are reinforced, which increases the bending rigidity.
  • the crossbeams 5 which are designed as rectangular tubes, are arranged at a distance from one another and run parallel. They are fastened with corner connectors 13 to two adjacent longitudinal profiles 3, 4 or 3, 3.
  • the corner connectors 13 known per se which are not shown in further detail, are, for example, solid sheet metal pieces which are bent at right angles or corresponding drop-forged shaped pieces.
  • the stability and operational safety can be increased by arranging two undercut longitudinal grooves 12 lying next to one another.
  • the outer longitudinal member 4, which forms the transition from the substructure 1 to the superstructure 2, has, in addition to the two longitudinal grooves 12 for fixing the cross member 5, two further, upwardly opening longitudinal grooves 15. These correspond to the longitudinal grooves 12, but the wall thickness can be made smaller . Furthermore, the laterally and vertically offset longitudinal grooves 15 have a connecting web 20. The outer longitudinal groove 15 is deeper than the inner one. This is not only conducive to increased rigidity, but also makes it easier to attach a protective outer shell.
  • the posts 6 screwed to the outer side member 4 via corner connections 24 comprise two essentially rectangular, extruded hollow profiles 16, 17 which are connected by poorly heat-conducting webs 18 made of polyethylene (FIG. 4).
  • the connecting webs 18 are inserted and caulked in appropriately shaped longitudinal grooves 19 of both profiles.
  • the arrangement of the connecting webs 18 in the outer region also allows the space between the profiles 16, 17 to be closed.
  • Both the inner and the outer profile 16, 17 of the post 6 have undercut longitudinal grooves 15 arranged on both narrow sides at the same distance as the longitudinal beams 4 on their upper side.
  • the inner profile 16 extends above the outer profile 17 of the post 6.
  • the levels are marked with E ′ designated for the inner profile and E ⁇ for the outer profile.
  • the corner connectors 24 rest on the corresponding undercut longitudinal groove 15 on these two height-shifted levels.
  • the planes E 'and E ⁇ shown in the upper chord 7 are shown in dashed lines in the outer longitudinal member 4.
  • the post 6 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is a door-window post 22.
  • the two longitudinal grooves 15 are arranged so that the corner connectors 25 can be created on the same plane E.
  • the outer profile 17 projects beyond the inner 16 in the longitudinal direction of the carriage.
  • the corner connectors 24 that are created are thus screwed on different levels E 'and E ⁇ .
  • the height offset of the corner connector 24 on the upper flange 7 promotes stability
  • the lateral offset of the corner connector 24 on the window side F of the door-window post 22 facilitates the interior work without significantly contributing to better stability.
  • the upper flange 7 which is designed as an angled hollow profile, has to take over a substantial part of the bending moments of the body structure.
  • the two upper belts 7 are connected to one another via the bow 27, which also function as a ceiling beam.
  • the upper chord 7 has only an undercut groove 15, which is used for screwing to a bow 27.
  • the clamping plates, not shown, of a corner connector 24 engage in the groove 15 of the upper chord 7 and a longitudinal groove in the bow 27.
  • connection between the upper chord 7 and the roof brackets 15 can be designed to be substantially more rigid in that, analogous to the outer longitudinal profile 4, two adjacent longitudinal grooves 15 are formed and the roof 8 comprises two bows 27, one above the other, possibly connected with webs.
  • the corner connectors 24 in the window area F are drop-forged angles, e.g. according to DE-PS 2751753.
  • the corner connectors 25 are L-shaped molded parts, which take up as little space as possible.
  • middle straps 32 are inserted between the posts. These each have an undercut longitudinal groove 15 at the top and bottom and are screwed to the outer profile 17 by means of corner connectors 24. A further undercut groove 15 protrudes from the center belt 32 against the interior of the car and can be used, for example, to fasten seat backrests.
  • the parallelogram-like clamping plate 34 shown in FIG. 5 has angles of 45 and 135 °. After insertion into a longitudinal groove, the plates are pivoted by 90 ° when the screws 14 (FIG. 2) screwed into the bore 35 with an internal thread are tightened, they strike the side walls of the longitudinal groove 12, 15 and can be clamped in place.
  • the anchoring is improved by the convex design of the side of the clamping plate 34 drawn against the profile, which causes a toothing.
  • the design of the body structure according to the invention is structurally extremely adaptable and versatile. It allows a wide range of variations with just a few standard profiles of the bodywork. Thanks to the double design of the undercut longitudinal grooves, the frame is very torsion-resistant. The offset of the corner connectors 24 on the posts 6 and possibly the bow 27 in two directions also makes a significant contribution to this, because as a result the pair of forces formed under bending stress has a much greater distance and therefore significantly lower forces occur at the same moment.
  • the body structure is self-supporting due to the interaction of substructure 1 and superstructure 2 and, if at all, only requires special stiffeners in the area of a height offset 33 for the installation of a bogie.
  • the car bodies Due to the high flexural strength of the connection points, the car bodies can be designed as tubes that are open on both sides, without stiffening at the front ends being necessary. Due to the absorption of the bending moment by the top chords 7, the longitudinal, 3, 4 and cross members 5 of the substructure 1 require only a small overall height, so that the floor above can be arranged very low. This makes it much easier to get started.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
  • Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)
  • Supports Or Holders For Household Use (AREA)

Abstract

The coach body construction comprises an upper structure having extruded profiles, which are connected detachably to one another by corner connectors and are made of an aluminum alloy, and a lower structure. The lower structure is composed of longitudinal and transverse supports which are made of an extruded aluminum alloy and are detachably connected to one another and to the upper structure by corner connectors. In interaction with the upper structure, it is of inherently sturdy construction. The corner connectors are, in particular, screw-on corner connectors.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Wagenkastenaufbau für Schienenfahrzeuge, welche einen Oberbau mit durch mechanische Mittel lösbar miteinander verbundenen Strangpressprofilen aus einer Aluminiumlegierung und einen Unterbau umfassen.The invention relates to a body structure for rail vehicles, which comprise a superstructure with extruded profiles made of an aluminum alloy that are detachably connected by mechanical means, and a substructure.

Es ist bekannt und üblich, den Unterbau eines Wagenkastens für Schienenfahrzeuge als geschweisste Stahlkonstruktion mit Längs- und Querträgern auszubilden und darauf mit Schraubverbindungen einen Oberbau aus Pfosten, Obergurten und allenfalls Dachspriegeln zu befestigen. Obwohl der Unterbau aus einer geschweissten Stahlkonstruktion an sich selbsttragend ist, kann ein Teil der Stabilität des Wagenkastenaufbaus durch einen steifen Oberbau übernommen werden. Ein solcher Wagenkastenaufbau für Strassen- und Schienenfahrzeuge ist beispielsweise der EP-PS 0031306 zu entnehmen.It is known and customary to design the substructure of a car body for rail vehicles as a welded steel structure with longitudinal and cross members and to fasten it to a superstructure made of posts, upper belts and, if necessary, roof bows with screw connections. Although the substructure made of a welded steel structure is self-supporting, part of the stability of the body structure can be taken over by a rigid superstructure. Such a car body structure for road and rail vehicles can be found, for example, in EP-PS 0031306.

Die EP-PS 0186625 beschreibt ein Chassis für Strassenfahrzeuge, insbesondere aus einer Aluminiumlegierung, mit Längs- und diese durchgreifenden Querträgern und einem Aussenrahmen, zur Aufnahme von in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Bodenplanken. Die Profile sind mit Winkelstücken miteinander verschraubt. Das Chassis muss als solches selbsttragend ausgebildet sein, sonst könnte es nicht als Ladebrücke von Strassenfahrzeugen verwendet werden. Diese für ein Chassis für Strassenfahrzeuge konzipierte Lösung ist jedoch nicht auf den Schienenfahrzeugbau zu übertragen, weil dort andere Verhältnisse herrschen und andere Anforderungen bestehen.EP-PS 0186625 describes a chassis for road vehicles, in particular made of an aluminum alloy, with longitudinal and cross-members penetrating them and an outer frame for receiving floor planks running in the longitudinal direction. The profiles are screwed together with elbows. The chassis must be self-supporting as such, otherwise it could not be used as a loading bridge for road vehicles. However, this solution, which was designed for a chassis for road vehicles, cannot be transferred to the construction of rail vehicles because there are different conditions and different requirements.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Wagenkastenaufbau für Schienenfahrzeuge der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, welcher die für Schienenfahrzeuge notwendige Stabilität mit geringem Aufwand erreicht, ein geringes Gewicht aufweist und reparaturfreundlich ist.The present invention has for its object to provide a body structure for rail vehicles of the type mentioned, which achieves the stability required for rail vehicles with little effort has a low weight and is easy to repair.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass der Unterbau aus miteinander und mit dem Oberbau durch mechanische Mittel lösbar verbundenen Längs- und Querträgern aus einer stranggepressten Aluminiumlegierung besteht, welcher Unterbau im Zusammenwirken mit dem Oberbau in sich stabil aufgebaut ist. Spezielle Ausführungsformen und Weiterausbildungen sind Gegenstand von abhängigen Patentansprüchen.The object is achieved according to the invention in that the substructure consists of longitudinal and cross members detachably connected to one another and to the superstructure by mechanical means, made of an extruded aluminum alloy, which substructure is inherently stable in cooperation with the superstructure. Special embodiments and further training are the subject of dependent claims.

Die mechanischen Mittel zur Profilverbindung sind bevorzugt verschraubbare Eckverbinder mit Schraubenlöchern in beiden Schenkeln. Bezüglich weiterer Details der an sich bekannten Eckverbinder mit Klemmplättchen wird auf die DE-PS 2751753 und die schweizerischen Patentanmeldungen Nr. 01246/90 und 02014/90 verwiesen.The mechanical means for the profile connection are preferably screwable corner connectors with screw holes in both legs. With regard to further details of the corner connectors with clamping plates known per se, reference is made to DE-PS 2751753 and the Swiss patent applications No. 01246/90 and 02014/90.

In bezug auf die angestrebte, möglichst hohe Steifheit des Wagenkastenaufbaus mit niedrigen Profilquerschnitten hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, dass die Längsträger und wenigstens teilweise die Querträger des Unterbaus sowie die Pfosten und Obergurten des Oberbaus auf mindestens einer Seite zwei hinterschnittene Längsnuten für die Aufnahme von Schraubenmuttern, vorzugsweise drehbare Klemmplättchen, oder Klemmbriden mit Querstegen aufweisen.With regard to the desired, as high as possible rigidity of the body structure with low profile cross sections, it has proven to be advantageous that the longitudinal members and at least partially the cross members of the substructure as well as the posts and upper chords of the superstructure on at least one side have two undercut longitudinal grooves for receiving screw nuts , preferably rotatable clamping plates, or clamping clips with crossbars.

Die erwähnten, vorzugsweise in Abstand angeordneten Längsnuten sind querschnittlich im wesentlichen durch C-förmige Profilansätze gebildet. So können nach einer bevorzugten Variante die Eckstücke mit in Längsrichtung der beiden Schenkel positionierten Klemmplättchen in die hinterschnittenen Nuten der zu verbindenden Profile eingelegt und die in die Klemmplättchen eingedrehten Schrauben mit einem Schraubenzieher, Schraubenschlüssel oder dgl. angezogen werden. Dabei drehen sich die Klemmplättchen um 45° und gewährleisten nach dem Anziehen der Schrauben eine sichere, stabile Verbindung (EP-PS 2751753).The above-mentioned, preferably spaced-apart longitudinal grooves are essentially formed by C-shaped profile approaches. Thus, according to a preferred variant, the corner pieces with clamping plates positioned in the longitudinal direction of the two legs can be inserted into the undercut grooves of the profiles to be connected and the screws screwed into the clamping plates can be tightened with a screwdriver, wrench or the like. The clamping plates rotate by 45 ° and ensure a secure, stable connection after tightening the screws (EP-PS 2751753).

Zur Uebertragung grösserer Biegemomente über die Eckstücke mit drehbaren Klemmplättchen bestehen Eckverbinder aus zwei gegeneinander beweglichen Winkelstücken, die längs ihren an den zu verbindenden Profilen anliegenden Schenkeln auf der dem komplementären Winkelstück abgewandten Seite je eine Nut und auf der gegenüber liegenden Seite eine Keilfläche aufweisen. Beide Profile haben an beiden Profilschenkeln je einen zum ersten Steg parallelen zweiten Steg. Diese greifen formschlüssig in die Nuten der Winkelstücke ein. Die Winkelstücke sind durch mindestens je eine Keilschiene voneinander gespreizt, welche an den Keilflächen anliegt und durch Schrauben gegen das zugehörige Profil gespannt ist (schweizerische Patentanmeldung Nr. 01246/90).For the transmission of larger bending moments via the corner pieces with rotatable clamping plates, corner connectors consist of two mutually movable angle pieces, each of which has a groove on the side facing away from the complementary angle piece and a wedge surface on the opposite side along its legs. Both profiles have a second web parallel to the first web on both profile legs. These engage positively in the grooves of the elbows. The angle pieces are spread apart from each other by at least one wedge rail, which lies against the wedge surfaces and is tightened against the associated profile by screws (Swiss patent application No. 01246/90).

Nach einer zweiten bevorzugten Variante werden die Eckverbinder mit Klemmbriden in den durch C-Profilansätze gebildete Längsnuten festgelegt. Die Klemmbriden werden mit eingesetzten Schrauben in die Längsnut eingeführt. Die die Oeffnung der Längsnuten begrenzenden Leisten der C-Profilansätze weisen auf der Innenseite je eine Verdickung auf. Die Klemmbride hat beidseits einen die Verdickungen hintergreifenden Längswulst und beidseits der Schraube mindestens einen Quersteg, der sich beim Festziehen der Schraube in die Verdickung der betreffenden Leiste einpresst. Damit wird eine grosse Kraftanwendung in Profillängsrichtung ermöglicht (schweizerische Patentanmeldung Nr. 02014/90).According to a second preferred variant, the corner connectors are fixed with clamping clips in the longitudinal grooves formed by C-profile approaches. The clamping brackets are inserted into the longitudinal groove with the screws inserted. The strips of the C-profile lugs that delimit the opening of the longitudinal grooves each have a thickening on the inside. The clamping bracket has on both sides a longitudinal bulge which engages behind the thickening and on both sides of the screw at least one cross bar which presses into the thickening of the relevant strip when the screw is tightened. This enables a large application of force in the longitudinal direction of the profile (Swiss patent application No. 02014/90).

Mit einem Wagenkastenaufbau für Schienenfahrzeuge, der ein Grundgerüst aus verschraubten Aluminiumprofilen hat, können nicht nur die Kosten gesenkt werden, auch die Flexibilität ist höher, weil die Modulbauweise angewendet werden kann und alle mechanischen Verbindungen lösbar sind. Der Unterbau muss nur im Zusammenwirken mit dem Oberbau einen in sich stabilen Wagenkasten bilden.With a car body structure for rail vehicles, which has a basic structure made of screwed aluminum profiles, not only the costs can be reduced, the flexibility is also higher because the modular design can be used and all mechanical connections can be released. The substructure only has to form a stable car body in cooperation with the superstructure.

Mit dem erfindungsgemässen Wagenkastenaufbau können Material- und Arbeitskosten gespart und - was wegen der langen Lebensdauer besonders ins Gewicht fällt - die Betriebskosten erheblich gesenkt werden, weil ein geringeres Leergewicht die beim Anfahren zu erbringende Antriebsleistung wesentlich zu senken vermag.With the body structure according to the invention, material and labor costs can be saved and - what because of the long Lifespan is particularly important - the operating costs can be significantly reduced because a lower unladen weight can significantly reduce the drive power to be achieved when starting off.

Die Pfosten der Seitenwände und ggf. auch die Spriegel des Daches sind vorzugsweise zweiteiliig ausgebildet und bestehen aus über wenigstens zwei Stege miteinander verbundenen Strangpressprofilen aus einer Aluminiumlegierung. Die Breite der Verbindungsstege ist auf die seitliche Versetzung der beiden betreffenden Längsnuten im seitlichen Längsträger und im Obergurt abgestimmt.The posts of the side walls and possibly also the bow of the roof are preferably formed in two parts and consist of extruded profiles made of an aluminum alloy which are connected to one another via at least two webs. The width of the connecting webs is matched to the lateral offset of the two relevant longitudinal grooves in the side longitudinal member and in the top flange.

Die Verbindungsstege bestehen aus einem Material hoher mechanischer Festigkeit, insbesondere einem Kunststoff, wie z.B. Polyäthylen oder Polypropylen. Falls keine Isolationseigenschaften zu erfüllen sind, können die Verbindungsstege auch aus einer Aluminiumlegierung bestehen.The connecting webs consist of a material with high mechanical strength, in particular a plastic, such as Polyethylene or polypropylene. If no insulation properties are to be fulfilled, the connecting webs can also consist of an aluminum alloy.

Die Hohlräume der Strangpressprofile, insbesondere der Seitenpfosten, können ausgeschäumt werden, z.B. mit einem Polystyrolschaum. Damit kann das als lästig empfundene Dröhnen in Eisenbahnwagen erheblich reduziert werden.The cavities of the extruded profiles, in particular the side posts, can be foamed, e.g. with a polystyrene foam. This can significantly reduce the annoying roar in railroad cars.

Die Erfindung wird anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch:

  • Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Wagenkastens,
  • Fig. 2 einen Teilquerschnitt entlang eines Pfostens durch den Wagenkasten von Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 eine Ansicht in Richtung III von Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 4 einen Querschnitt durch einen Pfosten längs der Linie IV-IV von Fig. 3, und
  • Fig. 5 eine Ansicht und eine Seitenansicht eines Klemmplättchens des Eckverbinders.
The invention is explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. They show schematically:
  • 1 is a perspective view of a car body,
  • 2 shows a partial cross section along a post through the body of FIG. 1,
  • 3 is a view in the direction III of FIG. 2,
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross section through a post along the line IV-IV of Fig. 3, and
  • Fig. 5 is a view and a side view of a clamping plate of the corner connector.

Der in den Fig. 1 bis 4 dargestellte Wagenkastenaufbau ist für den Personentransport im Schienennahverkehr konzipiert. Er besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Unterbau 1 und einem Oberbau 2 aus stranggepressten Aluminiumprofilen, welche mit Eckverbindern 13, 24, 25 verschraubt sind. Dadurch ergibt sich ein wenigstens teilweise modularer Aufbau, sodass eine Konstruktion ohne grossen Aufwand mit den gleichen Grundelementen auf Fahrzeuge anderer Länge, Breite oder Höhe übertragbar ist.The car body structure shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is designed for the transport of people in local rail traffic. It essentially consists of a substructure 1 and a superstructure 2 made of extruded aluminum profiles which are screwed to corner connectors 13, 24, 25. This results in an at least partially modular structure, so that a construction can be transferred to vehicles of different length, width or height with little effort using the same basic elements.

Der Unterbau 1 umfasst zwei innere Längsträger 3 und zwei äussere Längsträger 4, welche durchgehende Strangpressprofile sind, und Querträger 5. Der Oberbau umfasst Pfosten 6, beidseits einen Obergurt 7 und ein Dach 8.The substructure 1 comprises two inner longitudinal members 3 and two outer longitudinal members 4, which are continuous extruded profiles, and cross members 5. The superstructure comprises posts 6, an upper chord 7 on both sides and a roof 8.

Die inneren Längsträger 3 dienen auch der Uebertragung der Pufferkräfte und sind verhältnismässig massiv ausgebildet. Sie bestehen im wesentlichen aus einem rechteckigen Hohlprofil mit beidseits je zwei in bezug auf den Querschnitt von C-förmigen Profilansätzen gebildeten, hinterschnittenen Nuten 12. Beidseits haben je zwei Nuten 12 einen gemeinsamen Mittelsteg 11.The inner side members 3 also serve to transfer the buffer forces and are relatively solid. They essentially consist of a rectangular hollow profile with two undercut grooves 12 formed on both sides with respect to the cross-section of C-shaped profile approaches. On both sides, two grooves 12 each have a common central web 11.

Auf jeder hinterschnittenen Längsnut liegt ein Eckverbinder 13 auf. Die Auflagefläche von zwei benachbarten Längsnuten 12 liegen auf einer gemeinsamen Ebene E. Die Schrauben 14 mit in Fig. 5 dargestellten Klemmplättchen 34 sind nur angedeutet.A corner connector 13 rests on each undercut longitudinal groove. The contact surface of two adjacent longitudinal grooves 12 lie on a common plane E. The screws 14 with clamping plates 34 shown in FIG. 5 are only indicated.

Die schmalen Längsseiten des Längsträgers 3, welche keine Nuten aufweisen, sind verstärkt ausgebildet, was die Biegesteifigkeit erhöht.The narrow long sides of the longitudinal beam 3, which have no grooves, are reinforced, which increases the bending rigidity.

Die als Rechteckrohre ausgebildeten Querträger 5 sind, parallel verlaufend, in Abstand voneinander angeordnet. Sie sind mit Eckverbindern 13 an zwei benachbarten Längsprofilen 3,4 oder 3,3 befestigt.The crossbeams 5, which are designed as rectangular tubes, are arranged at a distance from one another and run parallel. They are fastened with corner connectors 13 to two adjacent longitudinal profiles 3, 4 or 3, 3.

Die nicht weiter im Detail dargestellten, an sich bekannten Eckverbinder 13 sind beispielsweise rechtwinklig abgekantete, massive Blechstücke oder entsprechende gesenkgeschmiedete Formstücke.The corner connectors 13 known per se, which are not shown in further detail, are, for example, solid sheet metal pieces which are bent at right angles or corresponding drop-forged shaped pieces.

Durch die Anordnung von zwei nebeneinander liegenden, hinterschnittenen Längsnuten 12 kann die Stabilität und die Betriebssicherheit erhöht werden.The stability and operational safety can be increased by arranging two undercut longitudinal grooves 12 lying next to one another.

Der äussere Längsträger 4, welcher den Uebergang vom Unterbau 1 zum Oberbau 2 bildet, hat neben den beiden Längsnuten 12 zur Festlegung der Querträger 5 zwei weitere, sich nach oben öffnende Längsnuten 15. Diese entsprechen den Längsnuten 12, die Wandstärke kann jedoch geringer ausgebildet sein. Weiter haben die seitlich und höhenversetzten Längsnuten 15 einen Verbindungssteg 20. Die äussere Längsnut 15 liegt tiefer als die innere. Dies ist nicht nur einer erhöhten Steifigkeit dienlich, sondern erleichtert auch das Anbringen einer schützenden Aussenhülle.The outer longitudinal member 4, which forms the transition from the substructure 1 to the superstructure 2, has, in addition to the two longitudinal grooves 12 for fixing the cross member 5, two further, upwardly opening longitudinal grooves 15. These correspond to the longitudinal grooves 12, but the wall thickness can be made smaller . Furthermore, the laterally and vertically offset longitudinal grooves 15 have a connecting web 20. The outer longitudinal groove 15 is deeper than the inner one. This is not only conducive to increased rigidity, but also makes it easier to attach a protective outer shell.

Die mit dem äusseren Längsträger 4 über Eckverbindungen 24 verschraubten Pfosten 6 umfassen zwei im wesentlichen rechteckige, stanggepresste Hohlprofile 16, 17 welche duch schlecht wärmeleitende Stege 18 aus Polyäthylen verbunden sind (Fig. 4). Die Verbindungsstege 18 sind in entsprechend ausgeformte Längsnuten 19 beider Profile eingesetzt und verstemmt. Die Anordnung der Verbindungsstege 18 im äusseren Bereich erlaubt auch ein Verschliessen des Zwischenraums zwischen den Profilen 16, 17.The posts 6 screwed to the outer side member 4 via corner connections 24 comprise two essentially rectangular, extruded hollow profiles 16, 17 which are connected by poorly heat-conducting webs 18 made of polyethylene (FIG. 4). The connecting webs 18 are inserted and caulked in appropriately shaped longitudinal grooves 19 of both profiles. The arrangement of the connecting webs 18 in the outer region also allows the space between the profiles 16, 17 to be closed.

Sowohl das innere als auch das äussere Profil 16, 17 des Pfostens 6 haben an beiden Schmalseiten im selben Abstand angeordnete hinterschnittene Längsnuten 15 wie die Längsträger 4 an ihrer Oberseite.Both the inner and the outer profile 16, 17 of the post 6 have undercut longitudinal grooves 15 arranged on both narrow sides at the same distance as the longitudinal beams 4 on their upper side.

Am Obergurt 7 überragt das innere Profil 16 niveaumässig das äussere Profil 17 des Postens 6. Die Ebenen sind mit E′ für das innere Profil und E˝ für das äussere Profil bezeichnet. Auf diesen beiden höhenverschobenen Ebenen liegen die Eckverbinder 24 auf der entsprechenden hinterschnittenen Längsnut 15 auf. Die beim Obergurt 7 eingezeichneten Ebenen E′ und E˝ sind sinngemäss beim äusseren Längsträger 4 gestrichelt eingezeichnet.At the top chord 7, the inner profile 16 extends above the outer profile 17 of the post 6. The levels are marked with E ′ designated for the inner profile and E˝ for the outer profile. The corner connectors 24 rest on the corresponding undercut longitudinal groove 15 on these two height-shifted levels. The planes E 'and E˝ shown in the upper chord 7 are shown in dashed lines in the outer longitudinal member 4.

Der in Fig. 3 und 4 dargestellte Pfosten 6 ist ein Tür-Fenster-Pfosten 22. Auf der Türseite T sind die beiden längslaufenden Nuten 15 so angeordnet, dass die Eckverbinder 25 auf der gleichen Ebene E angelegt werden können. Auf der gegenüberliegenden Fensterseite F dagegen überragt in Wagenlängsrichtung das äussere Profil 17 das innere 16. Die angelegten Eckverbinder 24 werden also auf verschiedenen Ebenen E′ und E˝ verschraubt. Die Höhenversetzung der Eckverbinder 24 am Obergurt 7 fördert die Stabilität, die seitliche Versetzung der Eckverbinder 24 auf der Fensterseite F des Tür-Fenster-Pfostens 22 erleichtert den Innenausbau, ohne wesentlich zu einer besseren Stabilität beizutragen.The post 6 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is a door-window post 22. On the door side T, the two longitudinal grooves 15 are arranged so that the corner connectors 25 can be created on the same plane E. On the opposite window side F, however, the outer profile 17 projects beyond the inner 16 in the longitudinal direction of the carriage. The corner connectors 24 that are created are thus screwed on different levels E 'and E˝. The height offset of the corner connector 24 on the upper flange 7 promotes stability, the lateral offset of the corner connector 24 on the window side F of the door-window post 22 facilitates the interior work without significantly contributing to better stability.

Bei Pfosten 23 (Fig. 1), welche beidseits Fenster begrenzen, überragt das äussere Profil 17 das innere Profil 16 beidseits.In the case of posts 23 (FIG. 1) which delimit windows on both sides, the outer profile 17 projects beyond the inner profile 16 on both sides.

Der als abgewinkeltes Hohlprofil ausgebildete Obergurt 7 hat einen wesentlichen Teil der Biegemomente des Wagenkastenaufbaus zu übernehmen. Die beiden Obergurte 7 sind über die Spriegel 27, welche auch als Deckenträger fungieren, miteinander verbunden.The upper flange 7, which is designed as an angled hollow profile, has to take over a substantial part of the bending moments of the body structure. The two upper belts 7 are connected to one another via the bow 27, which also function as a ceiling beam.

Nach der Ausführungsform gemäss Fig. 2 hat der Obergurt 7 lediglich eine hinterschnittene Nut 15, welche der Verschraubung mit einem Spriegel 27 dient, ausgebildet. Die nicht gezeigten Klemmplättchen eines Eckverbinders 24 greifen in die Nut 15 des Obergurts 7 und eine Längsnut im Spriegel 27 ein.According to the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the upper chord 7 has only an undercut groove 15, which is used for screwing to a bow 27. The clamping plates, not shown, of a corner connector 24 engage in the groove 15 of the upper chord 7 and a longitudinal groove in the bow 27.

Die Verbindung zwischen dem Obergurt 7 und den DachsPriegeln 15 kann wesentlich biegesteifer ausgebildet werden, indem, analog zum äusseren Längsprofil 4, zwei nebeneinander liegende Längsnuten 15 ausgebildet sind und das Dach 8 zwei übereinander liegende, ggf. mit Stegen verbundene Spriegel 27 umfasst.The connection between the upper chord 7 and the roof brackets 15 can be designed to be substantially more rigid in that, analogous to the outer longitudinal profile 4, two adjacent longitudinal grooves 15 are formed and the roof 8 comprises two bows 27, one above the other, possibly connected with webs.

Eine die Spriegel 27 und einen Teil des Obergurts 7 abdeckende Dachhaut 28 aus einem Wellband ist mit der Unterlage verklebt.A roof skin 28, which covers the bow 27 and part of the upper chord 7 and is made of corrugated tape, is glued to the base.

Wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt, sind die Eckverbinder 24 im Fensterbereich F gesenkgeschmiedete Winkel, z.B. entsprechend der DE-PS 2751753. Im Türbereich T sind die Eckverbinder 25 L-förmige Formteile, welche möglichst wenig Platz brauchen.As shown in Fig. 3, the corner connectors 24 in the window area F are drop-forged angles, e.g. according to DE-PS 2751753. In the door area T, the corner connectors 25 are L-shaped molded parts, which take up as little space as possible.

Im Bereich unterhalb der Fenster sind zwischen den Pfosten 6 Mittelgurte 32 eingesetzt. Diese haben oben und unten je eine hinterschnittene Längsnut 15 und sind mit dem äusseren Profil 17 mittels Eckverbindern 24 verschraubt. Gegen das Wageninnere ragt vom Mittelgurt 32 eine weitere hinterschnittene Nut 15 ab, die beispielsweise der Befestigung von Sitzlehnen dienen kann.In the area below the window 6 middle straps 32 are inserted between the posts. These each have an undercut longitudinal groove 15 at the top and bottom and are screwed to the outer profile 17 by means of corner connectors 24. A further undercut groove 15 protrudes from the center belt 32 against the interior of the car and can be used, for example, to fasten seat backrests.

Das in Fig. 5 gezeigte parallelogrammartige Klemmplättchen 34 weist Winkel von 45 und 135° auf. Nach dem Einführen in eine Längsnut werden die Plättchen beim Anziehen der in die Bohrung 35 mit Innengewinde eingedrehten Schrauben 14 (Fig. 2) um 90° geschwenkt, sie schlagen an den Seitenwänden der Längsnut 12, 15 an und können festgeklemmt werden. Die Verankerung wird verbessert durch die konvexe Ausbildung der gegen das Profil gezogenen Seite der Klemmplättchen 34, was eine Verzahnung bewirkt.The parallelogram-like clamping plate 34 shown in FIG. 5 has angles of 45 and 135 °. After insertion into a longitudinal groove, the plates are pivoted by 90 ° when the screws 14 (FIG. 2) screwed into the bore 35 with an internal thread are tightened, they strike the side walls of the longitudinal groove 12, 15 and can be clamped in place. The anchoring is improved by the convex design of the side of the clamping plate 34 drawn against the profile, which causes a toothing.

Die erfindungsgemässe Ausbildung des Wagenkastenaufbaus ist konstruktiv äusserst anpassungsfähig und vielseitig. Sie erlaubt, mit wenigen Standardprofilen vielfältige Variationen des Wagenkastenaufbaus. Dank der doppelten Ausbildung der hinterschnittenen Längsnuten ist das Gerippe sehr verwindungssteif. Dazu trägt auch die Versetzung der Eckverbinder 24 an den Pfosten 6 und allenfalls den Spriegeln 27 in zwei Richtungen wesentlich bei, weil dadurch das bei Biegebeanspruchung gebildete Kräftepaar einen wesentlich grösseren Abstand hat und damit bei gleichem Moment wesentlich geringere Kräfte auftreten.The design of the body structure according to the invention is structurally extremely adaptable and versatile. It allows a wide range of variations with just a few standard profiles of the bodywork. Thanks to the double design of the undercut longitudinal grooves, the frame is very torsion-resistant. The offset of the corner connectors 24 on the posts 6 and possibly the bow 27 in two directions also makes a significant contribution to this, because as a result the pair of forces formed under bending stress has a much greater distance and therefore significantly lower forces occur at the same moment.

Der Wagenkastenaufbau ist durch das Zusammenwirken von Unterbau 1 und Oberbau 2 selbsttragend und bedarf, wenn überhaupt, nur im Bereich eines Höhenversatzes 33 für den Einbau eines Drehgestells spezieller Versteifungen.The body structure is self-supporting due to the interaction of substructure 1 and superstructure 2 and, if at all, only requires special stiffeners in the area of a height offset 33 for the installation of a bogie.

Durch die hohe Biegefestigkeit der Verbindungsstellen können die Wagenkasten als beidseitig offene Rohre ausgebildet werden, ohne dass Versteifungen an den Stirnenden erforderlich sind. Durch die Aufnahme der Biegemomnente durch die Obergurte 7 erfordern die Längs- 3,4 und Querträger 5 des Unterbaus 1 nur eine geringe Bauhöhe, sodass der darüberliegende Fussboden sehr tiefliegend angeordnet werden kann. Dadurch wir der Einstieg wesentlich erleichtert.Due to the high flexural strength of the connection points, the car bodies can be designed as tubes that are open on both sides, without stiffening at the front ends being necessary. Due to the absorption of the bending moment by the top chords 7, the longitudinal, 3, 4 and cross members 5 of the substructure 1 require only a small overall height, so that the floor above can be arranged very low. This makes it much easier to get started.

Claims (10)

Wagenkastenaufbau für Schienenfahrzeuge, welche einen Oberbau (2) mit durch mechanische Mittel lösbar miteinander verbundenen Strangpressprofilen aus einer Aluminiumlegierung und einen Unterbau (1) umfassen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Unterbau (1) aus miteinander und mit dem Oberbau (2) durch mechanische Mittel lösbar verbundenen Längs(3,4) und Querträgern (5) aus einer stranggepressten Aluminiumlegierung besteht, welcher Unterbau (1) im Zusammenwirken mit dem Oberbau (2) in sich stabil aufgebaut ist.Body structure for rail vehicles, which comprise a superstructure (2) with extruded profiles made of an aluminum alloy that are detachably connected to one another by mechanical means, and a substructure (1),
characterized in that
the substructure (1) consists of longitudinally (3, 4) and cross members (5), which are detachably connected to one another and to the superstructure (2) by mechanical means, from an extruded aluminum alloy, which substructure (1) in cooperation with the superstructure (2) in is stable. Wagenkastenaufbau nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mechanischen Mittel zur Profilverbindung verschraubbare Eckverbinder (13,24,25) mit Schraubenlöchern in beiden Schenkeln sind.Body structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical means for the profile connection are screwable corner connectors (13, 24, 25) with screw holes in both legs. Wagenkastenaufbau nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Längsträger (3,4) und wenigstens teilweise die Querträger (5) des Unterbaus (1) sowie mindestens die Pfosten (6) und Obergurte (7) des Oberbaus (2) auf wenigstens einer Seite zwei hinterschnittene Längsnuten (12,15) für die Aufnahme von Schraubenmuttern, vorzugsweise als parallelogrammartige Klemmplättchen (34) ausgebildet, oder Klemmbriden aufweisen.Vehicle body structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the longitudinal beams (3, 4) and at least partially the cross beams (5) of the substructure (1) and at least the posts (6) and top chords (7) of the superstructure (2) on at least one side has two undercut longitudinal grooves (12, 15) for receiving screw nuts, preferably designed as parallelogram-like clamping plates (34), or have clamping brackets. Wagenkastenaufbau nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Längsnuten (12,15) von querschnittlich C-förmigen Profilansätzen gebildet sind.Body structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the longitudinal grooves (12, 15) are formed by cross-sectionally C-shaped profile attachments. Wagenkastenaufbau nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Längsnuten (12,15) einer Seite eines Aluminiumprofils nebeneinander, mit auf einer gemeinsamen Ebene E liegenden Auflageflächen für die Eckverbinder (13,14,25) liegen und vorzugsweise einen gemeinsamen Mittelsteg (11) haben.Body structure according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the two longitudinal grooves (12, 15) on one side of an aluminum profile lie side by side, with bearing surfaces for the corner connectors (13, 14, 25) lying on a common plane E and preferably a common central web ( 11) have. Wagenkastenaufbau nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Längsnuten (12,15) auf wenigstens einer Seite eines Strangpressprofils seitlich verschoben auf verschiedenen Ebenen (E′, E˝) liegen.Body structure according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the two longitudinal grooves (12, 15) on at least one side of an extruded profile are laterally displaced on different levels (E ′, E˝). Wagenkastenaufbau nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pfosten (6) oder die Pfosten (6) und Spriegel (27) aus je zwei über Stege (18) miteinander verbundenen Strangpressprofilen (16,17) bestehen.Car body structure according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the posts (6) or the posts (6) and bow (27) each consist of two extruded profiles (16, 17) connected to one another via webs (18). Wagenkastenaufbau nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stege (18) aus einem wärmeisolierenden Material, vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff, bestehen.Body structure according to claim 7, characterized in that the webs (18) consist of a heat-insulating material, preferably of plastic. Wagenkastenaufbau nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stege (18) in Längsnuten (19) der Strangpressprofile (16,17) gesteckt und verstemmt sind.Body structure according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the webs (18) are inserted and caulked in longitudinal grooves (19) of the extruded profiles (16, 17). Wagenkastenaufbau nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hohlräume der Strangpressprofile, insbesondere der Pfostenprofile (16,17), ausgeschäumt sind.Body structure according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the cavities of the extruded profiles, in particular the post profiles (16, 17), are foamed.
EP91810509A 1990-07-06 1991-07-01 Body structure for railway vehicles Expired - Lifetime EP0465427B1 (en)

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CH2256/90A CH682993A5 (en) 1990-07-06 1990-07-06 A vehicle body construction for rail vehicles.

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WO1999038748A1 (en) * 1998-01-29 1999-08-05 Siemens Duewag Schienenfahrzeuge Gmbh Body for a large volume vehicle, especially a rail vehicle
WO2009092462A1 (en) * 2008-01-24 2009-07-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Car body for a rail vehicle
EP2669133A1 (en) * 2012-05-30 2013-12-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Railcar body for vehicles
EP2977287B1 (en) * 2014-07-22 2020-03-11 ALSTOM Transport Technologies Structural panel for a railway vehicle body and assembling method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO912605L (en) 1992-01-07
ATE130554T1 (en) 1995-12-15
NO175047B (en) 1994-05-16
DE59106931D1 (en) 1996-01-04
HUT60961A (en) 1992-11-30
FI913274A0 (en) 1991-07-05
PT98237B (en) 1999-02-26
SK279886B6 (en) 1999-05-07
CA2045848A1 (en) 1992-01-07
CA2045848C (en) 1996-07-09
ES2080283T3 (en) 1996-02-01
EP0465427B1 (en) 1995-11-22
HU211423B (en) 1995-11-28
AU647489B2 (en) 1994-03-24
AU7941291A (en) 1992-01-09
CZ281615B6 (en) 1996-11-13
DK0465427T3 (en) 1996-04-09
CS206691A3 (en) 1992-02-19
PT98237A (en) 1993-08-31
NO175047C (en) 1994-08-31
NO912605D0 (en) 1991-07-03
FI913274A (en) 1992-01-07
HU912280D0 (en) 1991-12-30
US5287813A (en) 1994-02-22
JPH04232174A (en) 1992-08-20
CH682993A5 (en) 1993-12-31

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