EP2977287B1 - Structural panel for a railway vehicle body and assembling method thereof - Google Patents

Structural panel for a railway vehicle body and assembling method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2977287B1
EP2977287B1 EP15177913.9A EP15177913A EP2977287B1 EP 2977287 B1 EP2977287 B1 EP 2977287B1 EP 15177913 A EP15177913 A EP 15177913A EP 2977287 B1 EP2977287 B1 EP 2977287B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
structural wall
shell
structural
type
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EP15177913.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2977287A1 (en
Inventor
Frédéric HALLONET
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Publication of EP2977287A1 publication Critical patent/EP2977287A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/10—Floors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D1/00—Carriages for ordinary railway passenger traffic
    • B61D1/06—Carriages for ordinary railway passenger traffic with multiple deck arrangement

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a structural wall for a railway vehicle, intended to form a pavilion or a lower floor, comprising a first part comprising at least one hollow profile forming a closed section, the profile comprising a first envelope and a second superimposed envelope.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of assembling such a structural wall.
  • the body of a railway vehicle is generally designed from several metal walls or sections assembled together by welding or riveting.
  • Such a structural wall is generally designed from an aluminum alloy profile with two skins, that is to say with an outer shell and an inner shell interconnected forming a rigid skeleton, covered with a coating of suitable covering so that it is installed in pavilion or floor type.
  • a structural wall in one piece formed by an envelope of composite material in the form of a hollow profile coating a foam core.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a structural wall for a railway vehicle, having at least locally a structural thickness of narrower dimension than in the prior art, while retaining the mechanical properties and the rigidity of an element classic structural.
  • the subject of the invention is in particular a structural wall according to claim 1.
  • longitudinal direction means a direction extending between the rear and the front of a railway vehicle, and by “transverse direction”, a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
  • FIG. 1 a two-stage rail vehicle 1 2, 3 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the rail vehicle 1 comprises a structural body 4, delimiting a lower passenger compartment 6 on the first floor 2 and an upper passenger compartment 8 on the second floor 3, arranged one above the other.
  • each of the pavilion type structural walls 20 or of the lower floor type 10 comprises a first part 26 and a second part 28, said first part 26 being interposed between the second part 28 and the structural element of the skeleton type 24. other words, the first part 26 at least partially frames the second part 28.
  • the first part 26 entirely frames the second part 28.
  • the first part 26 comprises at least one hollow section 30 with a closed section, comprising a first envelope 32 and a second envelope 34 superimposed.
  • the first part 26 is secured to the skeleton 24, for example by welding, riveting or bolting.
  • the first part 26 is for example made of a metal alloy, advantageously of an aluminum alloy.
  • the first 32 and second 34 envelopes each have a respective longitudinal edge 36, illustrated on the figure 5 , at one end extending along the longitudinal direction.
  • the second part 28 comprises an outer layer 38 in the form of a sheet and a plurality of crosspieces 40 linked to the outer layer 38 so as to stiffen it.
  • the second part 28 also comprises a covering element 42, adapted to the function of the pavilion or of the lower floor of the corresponding structural wall.
  • the outer layer 38 is delimited by longitudinal edges 44, extending in the longitudinal direction, and transverse edges 46, extending between the longitudinal edges in the transverse direction.
  • the outer layer 38 also has an internal face 48, facing the inside of the body 4, extending between the edges.
  • the outer layer 38 is for example made of a metal alloy, advantageously of an aluminum alloy or of a monolithic laminated fiberglass-elastomer-aluminum alloy complex.
  • the outer layer 38 is for example a sheet, of thickness between 1.5 and 5 mm, and advantageously equal to 3 mm.
  • each cross member 40 extends in the transverse direction, against the internal face 48 of the outer layer 38.
  • a useful volume 50 is delimited between each set of two adjacent cross members 40.
  • Each crosspiece 40 comprises at least a first sole 52 extending parallel to the internal face 48 of the outer layer 38, generally against this internal face 48, and at least one core 54 extending from the first sole 52, perpendicular to the internal face 48.
  • each crosspiece 40 comprises a second sole 56 parallel to the first sole 52.
  • the core 54 extends perpendicular to the internal face 48 between the first 52 and second 56 soles.
  • Each sole 52, 56 and the core 54 of each crosspiece 40 have a thickness of between 1 and 3 mm, advantageously equal to 2 mm.
  • the crosspiece 40 is for example of composite material.
  • the cross member is mainly unidirectional carbon fiber.
  • the crosspiece 40 comes from a manufacturing process by direct pultrusion or by uncooked pultrusion followed by baking in shape in a mold.
  • the spacing between two adjacent sleepers 40 is for example between 350 and 600 mm.
  • the spacing between an end crosspiece 40, located near a longitudinal end of the second part 28, and the transverse edge 46 of the outer layer 38 is between 30 and 500 mm.
  • the structural wall 10, 20 comprises an interface part 58 connecting the first part 26 to the second part 28. More particularly, the interface part 58 connects the outer layer 38 to the first 32 and second 34 envelopes of the first part 26, as shown in the figure 5 .
  • the interface piece 58 extends transversely between the longitudinal edges 44 of the outer layer 38 of the second part 28 and the ends 36 of the first 32 and second 34 envelopes of the first part 26.
  • the interface piece 58 comprises first 62 and second 64 walls which are substantially parallel to one another.
  • the second wall 64 has a contour complementary to the outer layer 38 and to the second envelope 34.
  • the interface piece 58 also includes a third vertical wall 66 perpendicular to the first 62 and second 64 walls, connecting opposite ends of the first 62 and second 64 walls, and a fourth vertical wall 68 extending parallel to the third wall 66 , arranged substantially in a central area of the first 62 and second 64 walls defined in the transverse direction.
  • the interface piece 58 defines a first zone 70, extending transversely from the ends of the first 62 and second 64 walls in connection with the first part 26, to the fourth wall 68, and a second zone 72 extending transversely from the third wall 66 to the fourth wall 68.
  • the second wall 64 extends between the longitudinal edge 44 of the outer layer 38 and the longitudinal edge 36 of the second envelope 34 of the first part 26.
  • the first wall 62 extends transversely substantially parallel to the second wall 64 from the longitudinal edge 36 of the first envelope 32 of the first part 26 to an end opposite the longitudinal edge 44 of the outer layer 38 of the second part 28.
  • the first 62 and second 64 walls are secured to the first part 26 by a connection by welding or riveting.
  • the spacing between the first wall 62 and the second wall 64 is between 15 and 50 mm, advantageously equal to 25 mm.
  • the third 66 and fourth 68 walls extend substantially parallel between the lower wall 64 and the upper wall 62. They define a closed free volume 74.
  • the spacing between the first and second walls 66, 68 is between 50 and 100mm.
  • the spacing between the second part 28 and the welding area of the interface piece 58 with the first part 26 is between 100 and 200 mm, advantageously equal to 150 mm.
  • the second part 28 also comprises a connecting piece 75 arranged between the outer layer 38 and the first part 26.
  • the connecting piece 75 extends between the transverse edge 46 of the outer layer 38 and the first part 26.
  • the connecting piece 75 comprises a first panel 76 extending against the internal face 48 of the outer layer 38, and a second panel 78 extending perpendicular to the internal face 48 close to one or at one end of the first panel 76 .
  • the first panel 76 is also in abutment against the first part 26.
  • the second panel 78 extends perpendicular to the first part 26 and has a face bearing against the first part 26.
  • the connecting piece 75 is secured to the outer layer 38 and to the first part 26 by welding or by riveting.
  • the covering element 42 extends against the internal face 48 of the outer layer.
  • the covering element 42 is integrated in each useful volume 50.
  • the covering element 42 is for example formed by a plurality of covering units each housed in a respective useful volume 50.
  • the covering element 42 comprises a layer of thermal and / or acoustic insulation and a specific coating of the lower floor or pavilion type.
  • a pavilion-type structural wall 20 according to the invention is illustrated on the figures 2 to 5 .
  • This structural wall of the pavilion type 20 differs from the structural wall of the floor type 10 in particular in that its covering element 42 comprises a coating of the ceiling type.
  • the ceiling-type coating comprises, for example, an air space, a heavy mass, a ceiling coating and needles.
  • the insulation layer of the covering element 42 is a layer of melamine or any other thermal and / or acoustic insulator.
  • the insulation layer has a thickness of between 10 and 50 mm, advantageously equal to 25 mm.
  • Each crosspiece 40 of the pavilion-type structural wall 20 has its first sole 52 arranged against the internal face 48 of the external layer 38, and its core 54 projecting perpendicularly from the internal face 48.
  • each crosspiece 40 considered between the internal face 48 of the outer layer 38 and the second sole 56, is between 15 and 55 mm, advantageously equal to 22 mm.
  • the length of the second sole 56 of each cross member 40 advantageously has a length substantially equal to that of the first sole 52.
  • the pavilion-type structural wall 20 has an overall thickness of less than 60 mm, advantageously less than or equal to 43 mm.
  • a structural wall of the lower floor type 10 according to the invention is illustrated on the figures 6 to 8 .
  • This structural wall of the floor type 10 differs from the structural wall of the pavilion type 20 in particular in that the shape of the crosspiece 40 is adapted to a covering element 42 of the lower floor type and in that the covering element is free of ceiling type coatings.
  • the lower floor type structural wall 10 comprises two types of cross-members 80, 82 having different sections.
  • a first type of cross-member 80 has a U-shaped section, formed by two parallel webs 54 projecting perpendicularly to the outer layer 38, and a sole 56 connecting the upper ends of the two webs 54.
  • Each first cross member 80 has a height, considered between the internal face 48 of the outer layer 38 and the sole 56 between 20 and 100 mm, advantageously equal to 35 mm.
  • a second type of crosspiece 82 has a substantially rectangular section.
  • Two parallel webs 54 project perpendicular to the outer layer 38 and first 52 and second 56 parallel soles connect the two cores 54, parallel to the outer layer 38.
  • Each second crosspiece 82 advantageously has a recess 84 parallel to the outer layer 38, extending the second sole 56.
  • each second cross member 82 is spaced from the internal face 48 of the outer layer 38 by a distance of between 30 and 100 mm, advantageously equal to 75 mm, and the second sole 56 of each second cross member 82 is spaced from the inner face 48 of the outer layer 38 from a distance of between 30 and 100 mm, advantageously equal to 80 mm.
  • each second crosspiece 82 has a transverse dimension between 10 and 70 mm, advantageously equal to 25 mm, and a longitudinal dimension between 1200 and 3200 mm advantageously equal to 1500 mm.
  • the recess 84 of each second crosspiece 82 advantageously has a dimension substantially equal to a quarter of the second sole 56.
  • the covering element 42 comprises the lower floor 12 and a coating of the lower floor type.
  • the insulation layer is a layer of melamine or any other thermal and acoustic insulator.
  • the insulation layer has a thickness of between 20 and 100 mm, advantageously equal to 50 mm.
  • the lower floor type structural wall 10 has an overall thickness of between 50 and 100 mm, advantageously equal to 67.5 mm.
  • the structural wall of the intermediate floor type 14 is illustrated on the Figures 9 and 10 .
  • This intermediate wall type structural wall 14 is similar to the structural walls described above, but differs from them in that its second part 28 is devoid of cross members 40 and of a single outer layer 38.
  • the second part 28 comprises a hollow profile of composite material or of aluminum alloy having two coating layers, lower 90 and upper 92, delimiting between them a volume 94 comprising a honeycomb structure or material of cores of composite sandwich.
  • the lower coating 90 or upper 92 advantageously has a thickness of 2 mm.
  • the lower layer 90 comprises a flat 96 extending at least opposite and vertically from a corridor of the lower passenger compartment 6.
  • the flat 96 extends over a transverse length between 600 and 1800mm, advantageously equal to 1200mm.
  • the thickness between the lower 90 and upper 92 layers at the flat level 96 is between 25 and 50 mm, advantageously equal to 30 mm.
  • the thickness between the inner 90 and upper 92 layers is between 40 and 70 mm, advantageously equal to 49 mm.
  • the rail vehicle 1 guarantees a maximum interior volume in the lower 6 and upper 8 passenger compartments by using structural walls 10, 14, 20 with minimum thickness, and having mechanical properties identical to those of structural walls of the prior art .
  • the rail vehicle 1 ensures increased habitability of the lower 6 and upper 8 passenger compartments by increasing the height under the ceiling at the right of the corridors in particular, while retaining an unchanged exterior gauge compared to a prior art rail vehicle.
  • the rail vehicle 1 also guarantees a reduction in its overall mass.
  • the structural wall of the pavilion type 20 or lower floor 10 ensures a reduction in the thickness of the structure by replacing the conventional structures with two aluminum skins by a structure comprising a sheet 38 and a plurality of crosspieces 40 in composite material delimiting a volume useful 50 suitable for integrating the covering elements 42.
  • the pavilion-type structural wall 20 or lower floor 10 guarantees mechanical reliability of the body 4 because this structural wall assembles the first 26 and the second part 28 by means of the interface piece 58 ensuring the conservation of the mechanical properties of the composite materials during the welding or riveting stages.
  • the interface piece 58 and the outer layer 38 are joined together, for example welded or riveted to one another.
  • the sleepers 40 are then fixed against the internal face 48 of the outer layer, for example by gluing or heat-bonding in the case of use of sleepers in thermoplastic composite.
  • the covering element 42 is integrated into the useful volumes 50 defined between the crosspieces 40.
  • the second part 28 is then connected to the first part 26, for example by welding or riveting.
  • the interface part 58 is advantageously cooled by forced convection or by any other equipment making it possible to cool the interface part 58.
  • the forced convection is produced by circulating a flow of fresh air in the closed volume 74 of the interface part 58.
  • the method of assembling the structural element 10, 20 avoids any damage to the composite parts by ensuring a controlled heat flow during welding. Any overheating of the composite materials is guaranteed by a sufficient distance between the zone to be welded and the composite parts or by cooling by forced convection by a flow of fresh air in the dedicated volume 74.
  • the pavilion-type structural wall 20 or lower floor 10 is adapted to a body 4 of a rail vehicle 1 with one floor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne une paroi structurelle pour un véhicule ferroviaire, destinée à former un pavillon ou un plancher inférieur, comprenant une première partie comprenant au moins un profilé creux formant une section fermée, le profilé comprenant une première enveloppe et une seconde enveloppe superposées.The present invention relates to a structural wall for a railway vehicle, intended to form a pavilion or a lower floor, comprising a first part comprising at least one hollow profile forming a closed section, the profile comprising a first envelope and a second superimposed envelope.

La présente invention concerne également un procédé d'assemblage d'une telle paroi structurelle.The present invention also relates to a method of assembling such a structural wall.

La caisse d'un véhicule ferroviaire est généralement conçue à partir de plusieurs parois ou profilés métalliques assemblés entre eux par soudage ou rivetage.The body of a railway vehicle is generally designed from several metal walls or sections assembled together by welding or riveting.

Une telle paroi structurelle est généralement conçue à partir d'un profilé en alliage d'aluminium à deux peaux, c'est-à-dire avec une enveloppe extérieure et une enveloppe intérieure interconnectées formant un squelette rigide, recouvert d'un revêtement d'habillage adapté afin qu'il soit installé en type pavillon ou plancher.Such a structural wall is generally designed from an aluminum alloy profile with two skins, that is to say with an outer shell and an inner shell interconnected forming a rigid skeleton, covered with a coating of suitable covering so that it is installed in pavilion or floor type.

Pour optimiser l'assemblage des éléments structurels tout en conservant une rigidité suffisante, on connait déjà, notamment d'après FR-2 990 177 , une paroi structurelle d'un seul tenant, formé par une enveloppe en matériau composite en forme de profilé creux enrobant une âme en mousse.To optimize the assembly of structural elements while retaining sufficient rigidity, we already know, in particular from FR-2 990 177 , a structural wall in one piece, formed by an envelope of composite material in the form of a hollow profile coating a foam core.

Toutefois, une telle paroi structurelle ne donne pas entièrement satisfaction. En effet, la taille des hommes augmentant en moyenne de 11,6 mm par décennie, les parois structurelles occupent un encombrement trop important de l'espace intérieur disponible du compartiment passager d'un véhicule ferroviaire, notamment à la verticale des couloirs.However, such a structural wall is not entirely satisfactory. Indeed, the size of men increasing on average by 11.6 mm per decade, the structural walls occupy too much bulk of the available interior space of the passenger compartment of a rail vehicle, especially vertically in the corridors.

Les documents EP 0 618 124 et DE 674 686 décrivent également une paroi structurelle semblable à celle définie dans le préambule de la revendication 1.The documents EP 0 618 124 and DE 674 686 also describe a structural wall similar to that defined in the preamble of claim 1.

Un but de l'invention est de proposer une paroi structurelle pour un véhicule ferroviaire, ayant au moins localement une épaisseur structurelle de dimension plus étroite que dans l'état de la technique, tout en conservant les propriétés mécaniques et la rigidité d'un élément structurel classique.An object of the invention is to provide a structural wall for a railway vehicle, having at least locally a structural thickness of narrower dimension than in the prior art, while retaining the mechanical properties and the rigidity of an element classic structural.

A cet effet, l'invention a notamment pour objet une paroi structurelle selon la revendication 1.To this end, the subject of the invention is in particular a structural wall according to claim 1.

Suivant des modes particuliers de réalisation, la paroi structurelle selon l'invention comprend l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises isolément ou suivant toutes combinaisons techniquement possibles :

  • au moins un élément d'habillage, l'élément d'habillage comprenant une couche d'isolation thermique/acoustique et un revêtement spécifique de type pavillon ou plancher inférieur ;
  • chaque élément d'habillage est logé dans l'un respectif des volumes utiles ;
  • chaque traverse comprend au moins une première semelle s'étendant parallèlement à la face interne, de préférence contre cette face interne, et au moins une âme sensiblement perpendiculaire à la première semelle et s'étendant en saillie de la face interne ;
  • chaque traverse comprend une seconde semelle sensiblement parallèle à la première semelle, l'âme s'étendant entre les première et seconde semelles ;
  • chaque traverse est en fibres de carbone unidirectionnelle ;
  • la pièce d'interface comporte une première paroi et une seconde paroi superposées, la première paroi étant interposée entre la première enveloppe de la première partie et la couche extérieure de la seconde partie, et la seconde paroi étant interposée entre la seconde enveloppe de la première partie et la couche extérieure de la seconde partie, les première et seconde parois définissant :
    • une première zone, dans laquelle les première et seconde parois de la pièce d'interface sont fixées respectivement à la première et seconde enveloppe de la première partie, et
    • une seconde zone dans laquelle l'une des première et seconde parois de la pièce d'interface est fixée au bord transversal de la couche extérieure de la seconde partie.
According to particular embodiments, the structural wall according to the invention comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination:
  • at least one covering element, the covering element comprising a thermal / acoustic insulation layer and a specific covering of the pavilion or lower floor type;
  • each covering element is housed in a respective one of the useful volumes;
  • each cross member comprises at least a first sole extending parallel to the internal face, preferably against this internal face, and at least one core substantially perpendicular to the first sole and projecting from the internal face;
  • each cross member comprises a second sole substantially parallel to the first sole, the core extending between the first and second soles;
  • each cross member is made of unidirectional carbon fibers;
  • the interface part comprises a first wall and a second superimposed wall, the first wall being interposed between the first envelope of the first part and the outer layer of the second part, and the second wall being interposed between the second envelope of the first part and the outer layer of the second part, the first and second walls defining:
    • a first zone, in which the first and second walls of the interface part are fixed respectively to the first and second casings of the first part, and
    • a second zone in which one of the first and second walls of the interface part is fixed to the transverse edge of the outer layer of the second part.

L'invention a également pour objet un procédé d'assemblage d'une paroi structurelle telle que définie plus haut, comprenant :

  • une étape de fourniture de ladite première partie ;
  • une étape de fourniture de ladite seconde partie ;
  • une étape de fixation de la pièce d'interface à la seconde partie et à la première partie, notamment par soudage ou rivetage ;
  • une étape d'insertion d'une pluralité d'éléments d'habillage dans les volumes utiles.
The subject of the invention is also a method of assembling a structural wall as defined above, comprising:
  • a step of supplying said first part;
  • a step of supplying said second part;
  • a step of fixing the interface part to the second part and to the first part, in particular by welding or riveting;
  • a step of inserting a plurality of covering elements into the useful volumes.

Le procédé selon l'invention peut comprendre l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises isolément ou suivant toutes combinaisons techniquement possibles :

  • l'étape de fourniture de la seconde partie comprend :
    • la fixation d'une couche extérieure avec la pièce d'interface, notamment par soudage ou rivetage ;
    • la fixation des traverses sur la face interne de la couche extérieure ;
  • la pièce d'interface est fixée par soudage à la première et à la seconde partie, le procédé comprenant une étape de refroidissement de la pièce d'interface par convection forcée entre les première et seconde parois lors du soudage de la pièce d'interface sur la première partie.
The method according to the invention may include one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination:
  • the step of supplying the second part includes:
    • fixing an outer layer with the interface piece, in particular by welding or riveting;
    • fixing the sleepers on the inner face of the outer layer;
  • the interface piece is fixed by welding to the first and to the second part, the method comprising a step of cooling the interface piece by forced convection between the first and second walls during the welding of the interface piece on the first part.

L'invention a également pour objet un véhicule ferroviaire du type voiture à deux étages comprenant :

  • une première paroi structurelle du type pavillon telle que définie plus haut,
  • une deuxième paroi structurelle du type plancher inférieur telle que définie plus haut,
  • une troisième paroi structurelle du type plancher intermédiaire, comprenant une première partie comprenant au moins un profilé creux formant une section fermée, le profilé comprenant une première et une seconde enveloppe, et comprenant une seconde partie comprenant une première enveloppe et une seconde enveloppe, notamment en matériau composite ou en aluminium, délimitant entre elles un volume complété par une structure en nid d'abeille ou en matériau d'âme de sandwich, la première enveloppe définissant un méplat en regard et à la verticale d'un couloir d'un compartiment passager inférieur, et
  • un élément structurel de type squelette, reliant les première, seconde et troisième parois structurelles, de manière à former ensemble une caisse du véhicule ferroviaire.
The subject of the invention is also a railway vehicle of the double-decker car type comprising:
  • a first structural wall of the pavilion type as defined above,
  • a second structural wall of the lower floor type as defined above,
  • a third structural wall of the intermediate floor type, comprising a first part comprising at least one hollow profile forming a closed section, the profile comprising a first and a second envelope, and comprising a second part comprising a first envelope and a second envelope, in particular in composite or aluminum material, delimiting between them a volume supplemented by a honeycomb or sandwich core material structure, the first envelope defining a flat facing and vertically of a corridor of a passenger compartment lower, and
  • a structural element of skeleton type, connecting the first, second and third structural walls, so as to together form a body of the railway vehicle.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'un véhicule ferroviaire selon un exemple de mode de réalisation de l'invention, selon un plan transversal à un axe longitudinal central du véhicule ferroviaire, représentant l'assemblage de parois structurelles formant une caisse du véhicule ferroviaire ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective de dessous, depuis l'intérieur de la caisse, représentant partiellement une paroi structurelle de type pavillon équipant le véhicule ferroviaire de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe selon un plan A-A' de la figure 1 représentant partiellement la paroi structurelle de type pavillon de la figure 2 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe selon un plan perpendiculaire au plan A-A' de la figure 1, représentant partiellement la paroi structurelle de type pavillon de la figure 2 sans l'habillage ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue en coupe d'une pièce d'interface entre un profil creux d'une première partie d'une paroi structurelle et une couche extérieure d'une seconde partie de la paroi structurelle ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue en perspective représentative d'une paroi structurelle de type plancher équipant le véhicule ferroviaire de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue en coupe selon un plan B-B' de la figure 6, représentant partiellement la paroi structurelle de type plancher ;
  • la figure 8 est une vue en coupe selon un plan perpendiculaire au plan B-B' de la figure 6 représentant partiellement la paroi structurelle de type plancher sans l'habillage ;
  • la figure 9 est une vue en perspective d'une paroi structurelle formant un plancher intermédiaire du véhicule ferroviaire de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 10 est une vue en coupe selon le plan C-C' de la figure 9 représentant la paroi structurelle de type plancher intermédiaire.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a sectional view of a rail vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, along a plane transverse to a central longitudinal axis of the rail vehicle, representing the assembly of structural walls forming a body of the rail vehicle;
  • the figure 2 is a perspective view from below, from inside the body, partially representing a pavilion-type structural wall fitted to the rail vehicle of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 3 is a sectional view along a plane AA 'of the figure 1 partially representing the pavilion-type structural wall of the figure 2 ;
  • the figure 4 is a sectional view along a plane perpendicular to the plane AA 'of the figure 1 , partially representing the pavilion-type structural wall of the figure 2 without the dressing;
  • the figure 5 is a sectional view of an interface piece between a hollow profile of a first part of a structural wall and an outer layer of a second part of the structural wall;
  • the figure 6 is a representative perspective view of a structural wall of the floor type fitted to the rail vehicle of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 7 is a sectional view along a plane BB 'of the figure 6 , partially representing the structural wall of the floor type;
  • the figure 8 is a sectional view along a plane perpendicular to the plane BB 'of the figure 6 partially representing the structural wall of the floor type without the covering;
  • the figure 9 is a perspective view of a structural wall forming an intermediate floor of the railway vehicle of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 10 is a sectional view along the plane CC 'of the figure 9 representing the structural wall of intermediate floor type.

Dans tout ce qui suit, on entend par « direction longitudinale », une direction s'étendant entre l'arrière et l'avant d'un véhicule ferroviaire, et par « direction transversale », une direction perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale.In all that follows, the term “longitudinal direction” means a direction extending between the rear and the front of a railway vehicle, and by “transverse direction”, a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

Les termes « horizontal » et « vertical » sont définis selon leur sens usuel par rapport à un véhicule ferroviaire disposé sur des rails. Les termes inférieur et supérieur sont définis par rapport à une direction verticale.The terms "horizontal" and "vertical" are defined in their usual sense with respect to a railway vehicle arranged on rails. The lower and upper terms are defined with respect to a vertical direction.

On a représenté sur la figure 1, un véhicule ferroviaire 1 à deux étages 2, 3 selon un exemple de mode de réalisation de l'invention.We have represented on the figure 1 , a two-stage rail vehicle 1 2, 3 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Le véhicule ferroviaire 1 comprend une caisse structurelle 4, délimitant un compartiment passagers inférieur 6 au premier étage 2 et un compartiment passagers supérieur 8 au second étage 3, agencés l'un au-dessus de l'autre.The rail vehicle 1 comprises a structural body 4, delimiting a lower passenger compartment 6 on the first floor 2 and an upper passenger compartment 8 on the second floor 3, arranged one above the other.

La caisse 4 comprend :

  • une paroi structurelle de type plancher inférieur 10 définissant un plancher inférieur 12 du compartiment passagers inférieur 6,
  • une paroi structurelle de type plancher intermédiaire 14 définissant un plafond inférieur 16 au compartiment passagers inférieur 6 et un plancher supérieur 18 au compartiment passagers supérieur 8,
  • une paroi structurelle du type pavillon 20, définissant un plafond supérieur 22 au compartiment passagers supérieur 8, et
  • un élément structurel de type squelette 24, auxquelles sont reliées les parois structurelles de type plancher inférieur 10, de type plancher intermédiaire 14 et de type pavillon 20.
Box 4 includes:
  • a lower wall type structural wall 10 defining a lower floor 12 of the lower passenger compartment 6,
  • a structural wall of intermediate floor type 14 defining a lower ceiling 16 to the lower passenger compartment 6 and an upper floor 18 to the upper passenger compartment 8,
  • a pavilion-type structural wall 20, defining an upper ceiling 22 to the upper passenger compartment 8, and
  • a structural element of skeleton type 24, to which the structural walls of lower floor type 10, of intermediate floor type 14 and of roof type 20 are connected.

La paroi structurelle de type plancher inférieur 10 et la paroi structurelle de type pavillon 20 présentent des structures similaires. Ainsi, comme cela est illustré sur les figures 2 à 8, chacune des parois structurelles de type pavillon 20 ou de type plancher inférieur 10 comprend une première partie 26 et une seconde partie 28, ladite première partie 26 étant interposée entre la seconde partie 28 et l'élément structurel du type squelette 24. En d'autres termes, la première partie 26 encadre au moins partiellement la seconde partie 28.The lower floor type structural wall 10 and the pavilion type structural wall 20 have similar structures. So, as illustrated on the figures 2 to 8 , each of the pavilion type structural walls 20 or of the lower floor type 10 comprises a first part 26 and a second part 28, said first part 26 being interposed between the second part 28 and the structural element of the skeleton type 24. other words, the first part 26 at least partially frames the second part 28.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation du pavillon 20 illustré sur les figures 2 et 4, la première partie 26 encadre entièrement la seconde partie 28.In the embodiment of the pavilion 20 illustrated on the figures 2 and 4 , the first part 26 entirely frames the second part 28.

La première partie 26 comprend au moins un profilé 30 creux à section fermée, comportant une première enveloppe 32 et une seconde enveloppe 34 superposées.The first part 26 comprises at least one hollow section 30 with a closed section, comprising a first envelope 32 and a second envelope 34 superimposed.

La première partie 26 est solidarisée au squelette 24, par exemple par soudage, rivetage ou boulonnage.The first part 26 is secured to the skeleton 24, for example by welding, riveting or bolting.

La première partie 26 est par exemple réalisée en un alliage métallique, avantageusement d'un alliage d'aluminium.The first part 26 is for example made of a metal alloy, advantageously of an aluminum alloy.

Les première 32 et seconde 34 enveloppes comportent chacune un bord longitudinal 36 respectif, illustré sur la figure 5, à une extrémité s'étendant le long de la direction longitudinale.The first 32 and second 34 envelopes each have a respective longitudinal edge 36, illustrated on the figure 5 , at one end extending along the longitudinal direction.

Comme cela est illustré sur les figures 3 à 5, la seconde partie 28 comprend une couche extérieure 38 en forme de tôle et une pluralité de traverses 40 liées à la couche extérieure 38 de manière à la rigidifier. Avantageusement, la seconde partie 28 comprend également un élément d'habillage 42, adapté à la fonction de pavillon ou de plancher inférieur de la paroi structurelle correspondante.As illustrated in the figures 3 to 5 , the second part 28 comprises an outer layer 38 in the form of a sheet and a plurality of crosspieces 40 linked to the outer layer 38 so as to stiffen it. Advantageously, the second part 28 also comprises a covering element 42, adapted to the function of the pavilion or of the lower floor of the corresponding structural wall.

La couche extérieure 38 est délimitée par des bords longitudinaux 44, s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale, et des bords transversaux 46, s'étendant entre les bords longitudinaux dans la direction transversale. La couche extérieure 38 comporte par ailleurs une face interne 48, tournée vers l'intérieur de la caisse 4, s'étendant entre les bords.The outer layer 38 is delimited by longitudinal edges 44, extending in the longitudinal direction, and transverse edges 46, extending between the longitudinal edges in the transverse direction. The outer layer 38 also has an internal face 48, facing the inside of the body 4, extending between the edges.

La couche extérieure 38 est par exemple réalisée en alliage métallique, avantageusement d'un alliage d'aluminium ou d'un complexe stratifié monolithique fibre de verre-élastomère-alliage d'aluminium.The outer layer 38 is for example made of a metal alloy, advantageously of an aluminum alloy or of a monolithic laminated fiberglass-elastomer-aluminum alloy complex.

La couche extérieure 38 est par exemple une tôle, d'épaisseur comprise entre 1,5 et 5 mm, et avantageusement égale à 3 mm.The outer layer 38 is for example a sheet, of thickness between 1.5 and 5 mm, and advantageously equal to 3 mm.

Comme cela est illustré sur les figures 4 et 8, chaque traverse 40 s'étend dans la direction transversale, contre la face interne 48 de la couche extérieure 38. Un volume utile 50 est délimité entre chaque ensemble de deux traverses 40 adjacentes.As illustrated in the figures 4 and 8 , each cross member 40 extends in the transverse direction, against the internal face 48 of the outer layer 38. A useful volume 50 is delimited between each set of two adjacent cross members 40.

Chaque traverse 40 comprend au moins une première semelle 52 s'étendant parallèlement à la face interne 48 de la couche extérieure 38, généralement contre cette face interne 48, et au moins une âme 54 s'étendant depuis la première semelle 52, perpendiculairement à la face interne 48.Each crosspiece 40 comprises at least a first sole 52 extending parallel to the internal face 48 of the outer layer 38, generally against this internal face 48, and at least one core 54 extending from the first sole 52, perpendicular to the internal face 48.

Avantageusement chaque traverse 40 comporte une seconde semelle 56 parallèle à la première semelle 52. Ainsi, l'âme 54 s'étend perpendiculairement à la face interne 48 entre les première 52 et seconde 56 semelles.Advantageously, each crosspiece 40 comprises a second sole 56 parallel to the first sole 52. Thus, the core 54 extends perpendicular to the internal face 48 between the first 52 and second 56 soles.

Chaque semelle 52, 56 et l'âme 54 de chaque traverse 40 ont une épaisseur comprise entre 1 et 3 mm, avantageusement égale à 2 mm.Each sole 52, 56 and the core 54 of each crosspiece 40 have a thickness of between 1 and 3 mm, advantageously equal to 2 mm.

La traverse 40 est par exemple en matériau composite. Avantageusement la traverse est en fibre de carbone principalement unidirectionnelle. Dans ce cas, la traverse 40 est issue d'un procédé de fabrication par pultrusion directe ou par pultrusion non cuite suivie d'une cuisson en forme dans un moule.The crosspiece 40 is for example of composite material. Advantageously, the cross member is mainly unidirectional carbon fiber. In this case, the crosspiece 40 comes from a manufacturing process by direct pultrusion or by uncooked pultrusion followed by baking in shape in a mold.

L'espacement entre deux traverses 40 adjacentes est par exemple compris entre 350 et 600 mm. L'espacement entre une traverse 40 d'extrémité, située à proximité d'une extrémité longitudinale de la deuxième partie 28, et le bord transversal 46 de la couche extérieure 38 est compris entre 30 et 500 mm.The spacing between two adjacent sleepers 40 is for example between 350 and 600 mm. The spacing between an end crosspiece 40, located near a longitudinal end of the second part 28, and the transverse edge 46 of the outer layer 38 is between 30 and 500 mm.

Par ailleurs, la paroi structurelle 10, 20 comporte une pièce d'interface 58 reliant la première partie 26 à la seconde partie 28. Plus particulièrement, la pièce d'interface 58 relie la couche extérieure 38 aux première 32 et seconde 34 enveloppes de la première partie 26, comme cela est représenté sur la figure 5.Furthermore, the structural wall 10, 20 comprises an interface part 58 connecting the first part 26 to the second part 28. More particularly, the interface part 58 connects the outer layer 38 to the first 32 and second 34 envelopes of the first part 26, as shown in the figure 5 .

La pièce d'interface 58 s'étend transversalement entre les bords longitudinaux 44 de la couche extérieure 38 de la seconde partie 28 et les extrémités 36 des première 32 et seconde 34 enveloppes de la première partie 26.The interface piece 58 extends transversely between the longitudinal edges 44 of the outer layer 38 of the second part 28 and the ends 36 of the first 32 and second 34 envelopes of the first part 26.

La pièce d'interface 58 comprend des première 62 et seconde 64 parois sensiblement parallèles entre elles. La seconde paroi 64 présente un contour complémentaire à la couche extérieure 38 et à la seconde enveloppe 34.The interface piece 58 comprises first 62 and second 64 walls which are substantially parallel to one another. The second wall 64 has a contour complementary to the outer layer 38 and to the second envelope 34.

La pièce d'interface 58 comporte également une troisième paroi verticale 66 perpendiculaire aux première 62 et seconde 64 parois, reliant des extrémités en regard des première 62 et seconde 64 parois, et une quatrième paroi verticale 68 s'étendant parallèlement à la troisième paroi 66, agencée sensiblement dans une zone centrale des première 62 et seconde 64 parois définie dans la direction transversale.The interface piece 58 also includes a third vertical wall 66 perpendicular to the first 62 and second 64 walls, connecting opposite ends of the first 62 and second 64 walls, and a fourth vertical wall 68 extending parallel to the third wall 66 , arranged substantially in a central area of the first 62 and second 64 walls defined in the transverse direction.

La pièce d'interface 58 définit une première zone 70, s'étendant transversalement depuis les extrémités des première 62 et seconde 64 parois en liaison avec la première partie 26, jusqu'à la quatrième paroi 68, et une seconde zone 72 s'étendant transversalement depuis la troisième paroi 66 jusqu'à la quatrième paroi 68.The interface piece 58 defines a first zone 70, extending transversely from the ends of the first 62 and second 64 walls in connection with the first part 26, to the fourth wall 68, and a second zone 72 extending transversely from the third wall 66 to the fourth wall 68.

La seconde paroi 64 s'étend entre le bord longitudinal 44 de la couche extérieure 38 et le bord longitudinal 36 de la seconde enveloppe 34 de la première partie 26.The second wall 64 extends between the longitudinal edge 44 of the outer layer 38 and the longitudinal edge 36 of the second envelope 34 of the first part 26.

La première paroi 62 s'étend transversalement sensiblement parallèlement à la seconde paroi 64 depuis le bord longitudinal 36 de la première enveloppe 32 de la première partie 26 jusqu'à une extrémité en regard du bord longitudinal 44 de la couche extérieure 38 de la seconde partie 28.The first wall 62 extends transversely substantially parallel to the second wall 64 from the longitudinal edge 36 of the first envelope 32 of the first part 26 to an end opposite the longitudinal edge 44 of the outer layer 38 of the second part 28.

Les première 62 et seconde 64 parois sont solidarisées à la première partie 26 par une liaison par soudage ou rivetage.The first 62 and second 64 walls are secured to the first part 26 by a connection by welding or riveting.

L'écartement entre la première paroi 62 et la seconde paroi 64 est compris entre 15 et 50 mm, avantageusement égale à 25 mm.The spacing between the first wall 62 and the second wall 64 is between 15 and 50 mm, advantageously equal to 25 mm.

Les troisième 66 et quatrième 68 parois s'étendent sensiblement parallèlement entre la paroi inférieure 64 et la paroi supérieure 62. Elles délimitent un volume libre fermé 74.The third 66 and fourth 68 walls extend substantially parallel between the lower wall 64 and the upper wall 62. They define a closed free volume 74.

L'écartement entre les première et seconde parois 66, 68 est compris entre 50 et 100mm. L'écartement entre la deuxième partie 28 et la zone de soudage de la pièce d'interface 58 avec la première partie 26 est compris entre 100 et 200 mm, avantageusement égal à 150 mm.The spacing between the first and second walls 66, 68 is between 50 and 100mm. The spacing between the second part 28 and the welding area of the interface piece 58 with the first part 26 is between 100 and 200 mm, advantageously equal to 150 mm.

Comme cela est illustré sur la figure 4, la seconde partie 28 comprend également une pièce de raccord 75 agencée entre la couche extérieure 38 et la première partie 26.As illustrated in the figure 4 , the second part 28 also comprises a connecting piece 75 arranged between the outer layer 38 and the first part 26.

La pièce de raccord 75 s'étend entre le bord transversal 46 de la couche extérieure 38 et la première partie 26.The connecting piece 75 extends between the transverse edge 46 of the outer layer 38 and the first part 26.

La pièce de raccord 75 comprend un premier pan 76 s'étendant contre la face interne 48 de la couche extérieure 38, et un second pan 78 s'étendant perpendiculairement à la face interne 48 proche d'une ou à une extrémité du premier pan 76.The connecting piece 75 comprises a first panel 76 extending against the internal face 48 of the outer layer 38, and a second panel 78 extending perpendicular to the internal face 48 close to one or at one end of the first panel 76 .

Le premier pan 76 est également en appui contre la première partie 26.The first panel 76 is also in abutment against the first part 26.

Le second pan 78 s'étend perpendiculairement à la première partie 26 et présente une face en appui contre la première partie 26.The second panel 78 extends perpendicular to the first part 26 and has a face bearing against the first part 26.

La pièce de raccord 75 est solidarisée à la couche extérieure 38 et à la première partie 26 par soudage ou par rivetage.The connecting piece 75 is secured to the outer layer 38 and to the first part 26 by welding or by riveting.

Comme cela est illustré sur la figure 3, l'élément d'habillage 42 s'étend contre la face interne 48 de la couche extérieure. L'élément d'habillage 42 est intégré dans chaque volume utile 50. A cet effet, l'élément d'habillage 42 est par exemple formé par une pluralité d'unités d'habillage chacune logée dans un volume utile 50 respectif.As illustrated in the figure 3 , the covering element 42 extends against the internal face 48 of the outer layer. The covering element 42 is integrated in each useful volume 50. For this purpose, the covering element 42 is for example formed by a plurality of covering units each housed in a respective useful volume 50.

L'élément d'habillage 42 comprend une couche d'isolation thermique et/ou acoustique et un revêtement spécifique du type plancher inférieur ou pavillon.The covering element 42 comprises a layer of thermal and / or acoustic insulation and a specific coating of the lower floor or pavilion type.

Une paroi structurelle de type pavillon 20 selon l'invention est illustré sur les figures 2 à 5.A pavilion-type structural wall 20 according to the invention is illustrated on the figures 2 to 5 .

Cette paroi structurelle de type pavillon 20 diffère de la paroi structurelle de type plancher 10 notamment en ce que son élément d'habillage 42 comporte un revêtement de type plafond. Le revêtement de type plafond comprend par exemple une lame d'air, une masse lourde, un revêtement de plafond et des aiguilletées.This structural wall of the pavilion type 20 differs from the structural wall of the floor type 10 in particular in that its covering element 42 comprises a coating of the ceiling type. The ceiling-type coating comprises, for example, an air space, a heavy mass, a ceiling coating and needles.

En outre, la couche d'isolation de l'élément d'habillage 42 est une couche de mélamine ou tout autre isolant thermique et/ou acoustique.In addition, the insulation layer of the covering element 42 is a layer of melamine or any other thermal and / or acoustic insulator.

La couche d'isolation a une épaisseur comprise entre 10 et 50 mm, avantageusement égale à 25 mm.The insulation layer has a thickness of between 10 and 50 mm, advantageously equal to 25 mm.

Chaque traverse 40 de la paroi structurelle de type pavillon 20 présente sa première semelle 52 agencée contre la face interne 48 de la couche extérieure 38, et son âme 54 faisant saillie perpendiculairement de la face interne 48.Each crosspiece 40 of the pavilion-type structural wall 20 has its first sole 52 arranged against the internal face 48 of the external layer 38, and its core 54 projecting perpendicularly from the internal face 48.

La hauteur de chaque traverse 40, considérée entre la face interne 48 de la couche extérieure 38 et la seconde semelle 56, est comprise entre 15 et 55 mm, avantageusement égale à 22 mm.The height of each crosspiece 40, considered between the internal face 48 of the outer layer 38 and the second sole 56, is between 15 and 55 mm, advantageously equal to 22 mm.

La longueur de la deuxième semelle 56 de chaque traverse 40 a avantageusement une longueur sensiblement égale à celle de la première semelle 52.The length of the second sole 56 of each cross member 40 advantageously has a length substantially equal to that of the first sole 52.

La paroi structurelle de type pavillon 20 a une épaisseur globale inférieure à 60 mm, avantageusement inférieure ou égale à 43 mm.The pavilion-type structural wall 20 has an overall thickness of less than 60 mm, advantageously less than or equal to 43 mm.

Une paroi structurelle du type plancher inférieur 10 selon l'invention est illustrée sur les figures 6 à 8.A structural wall of the lower floor type 10 according to the invention is illustrated on the figures 6 to 8 .

Cette paroi structurelle de type plancher 10 diffère de la paroi structurelle de type pavillon 20 notamment en ce que la forme de la traverse 40 est adapté à un élément d'habillage 42 de type plancher inférieur et en ce que l'élément d'habillage est dépourvu de revêtements de type plafond.This structural wall of the floor type 10 differs from the structural wall of the pavilion type 20 in particular in that the shape of the crosspiece 40 is adapted to a covering element 42 of the lower floor type and in that the covering element is free of ceiling type coatings.

La paroi structurelle du type plancher inférieur 10 comprend deux types de traverses 80, 82 présentant des sections différentes.The lower floor type structural wall 10 comprises two types of cross-members 80, 82 having different sections.

Un premier type de traverse 80 présente une section en forme de U, formée par deux âmes 54 parallèles faisant saillie perpendiculairement à la couche extérieure 38, et une semelle 56 reliant les extrémités supérieures des deux âmes 54.A first type of cross-member 80 has a U-shaped section, formed by two parallel webs 54 projecting perpendicularly to the outer layer 38, and a sole 56 connecting the upper ends of the two webs 54.

Chaque première traverse 80 présente une hauteur, considérée entre la face interne 48 de la couche extérieure 38 et la semelle 56 comprise entre 20 et 100 mm, avantageusement égale à 35 mm.Each first cross member 80 has a height, considered between the internal face 48 of the outer layer 38 and the sole 56 between 20 and 100 mm, advantageously equal to 35 mm.

Un second type de traverse 82 présente une section sensiblement rectangulaire. Deux âmes 54 parallèles font saillie perpendiculairement à la couche extérieure 38 et des première 52 et seconde 56 semelles parallèles relient les deux âmes 54, parallèlement à la couche extérieure 38.A second type of crosspiece 82 has a substantially rectangular section. Two parallel webs 54 project perpendicular to the outer layer 38 and first 52 and second 56 parallel soles connect the two cores 54, parallel to the outer layer 38.

Chaque seconde traverse 82 présente avantageusement un décrochement 84 parallèle à la couche extérieure 38, prolongeant la seconde semelle 56.Each second crosspiece 82 advantageously has a recess 84 parallel to the outer layer 38, extending the second sole 56.

La première semelle 52 de chaque seconde traverse 82 est espacée de la face interne 48 de la couche extérieure 38 d'une distance comprise entre 30 et 100 mm, avantageusement égale à 75 mm, et la seconde semelle 56 de chaque seconde traverse 82 est espacée de la face interne 48 de la couche extérieure 38 d'une distance comprise entre 30 et 100 mm, avantageusement égale à 80 mm.The first sole 52 of each second cross member 82 is spaced from the internal face 48 of the outer layer 38 by a distance of between 30 and 100 mm, advantageously equal to 75 mm, and the second sole 56 of each second cross member 82 is spaced from the inner face 48 of the outer layer 38 from a distance of between 30 and 100 mm, advantageously equal to 80 mm.

Les semelles 52, 56 de chaque seconde traverse 82 ont une dimension transversale comprise entre 10 et 70 mm, avantageusement égale à 25 mm, et une dimension longitudinale comprise entre 1200 et 3200 mm avantageusement égale à 1500 mm. Le décrochement 84 de chaque seconde traverse 82 a avantageusement une dimension sensiblement égale à un quart de la seconde semelle 56.The soles 52, 56 of each second crosspiece 82 have a transverse dimension between 10 and 70 mm, advantageously equal to 25 mm, and a longitudinal dimension between 1200 and 3200 mm advantageously equal to 1500 mm. The recess 84 of each second crosspiece 82 advantageously has a dimension substantially equal to a quarter of the second sole 56.

L'élément d'habillage 42 comprend le plancher inférieur 12 et un revêtement de type plancher inférieur.The covering element 42 comprises the lower floor 12 and a coating of the lower floor type.

La couche d'isolation est une couche de mélamine ou tout autre isolant thermique et acoustique. La couche d'isolation a une épaisseur comprise entre 20 et 100 mm, avantageusement égale à 50 mm.The insulation layer is a layer of melamine or any other thermal and acoustic insulator. The insulation layer has a thickness of between 20 and 100 mm, advantageously equal to 50 mm.

La paroi structurelle de type plancher inférieur 10 a une épaisseur globale comprise entre 50 et 100 mm, avantageusement égale à 67,5 mm.The lower floor type structural wall 10 has an overall thickness of between 50 and 100 mm, advantageously equal to 67.5 mm.

La paroi structurelle du type plancher intermédiaire 14 est illustré sur les figures 9 et 10.The structural wall of the intermediate floor type 14 is illustrated on the Figures 9 and 10 .

Cette paroi structurelle du type plancher intermédiaire 14 est similaire aux parois structurelles décrites précédemment, mais diffère d'elles en ce que sa seconde partie 28 est dépourvue de traverses 40 et d'une unique couche extérieure 38.This intermediate wall type structural wall 14 is similar to the structural walls described above, but differs from them in that its second part 28 is devoid of cross members 40 and of a single outer layer 38.

Ainsi, comme cela est illustré sur les figures 9 et 10, la seconde partie 28 comprend un profilé creux en matériau composite ou en alliage d'aluminium ayant deux couches de revêtement, inférieure 90 et supérieure 92, délimitant entre elles un volume 94 comprenant une structure en nid d'abeilles ou matériau d'âmes de sandwich composite.So, as illustrated on the Figures 9 and 10 , the second part 28 comprises a hollow profile of composite material or of aluminum alloy having two coating layers, lower 90 and upper 92, delimiting between them a volume 94 comprising a honeycomb structure or material of cores of composite sandwich.

Le revêtement inférieur 90 ou supérieur 92 a avantageusement une épaisseur de 2 mm.The lower coating 90 or upper 92 advantageously has a thickness of 2 mm.

La couche inférieure 90 comprend un méplat 96 s'étendant au moins en regard et à la verticale d'un couloir du compartiment passagers inférieur 6. Le méplat 96 s'étend sur une longueur transversale comprise entre 600 et 1800mm, avantageusement égale à 1200 mm.The lower layer 90 comprises a flat 96 extending at least opposite and vertically from a corridor of the lower passenger compartment 6. The flat 96 extends over a transverse length between 600 and 1800mm, advantageously equal to 1200mm.

L'épaisseur entre les couches inférieure 90 et supérieure 92 au niveau de méplat 96 est comprise entre 25 et 50 mm, avantageusement égale à 30 mm.The thickness between the lower 90 and upper 92 layers at the flat level 96 is between 25 and 50 mm, advantageously equal to 30 mm.

En périphérie du méplat 96, l'épaisseur entre les couches intérieure 90 et supérieure 92 est comprise entre 40 et 70 mm, avantageusement égale à 49 mm.At the periphery of the flat 96, the thickness between the inner 90 and upper 92 layers is between 40 and 70 mm, advantageously equal to 49 mm.

Le véhicule ferroviaire 1 garantit un volume intérieur maximal dans les compartiments passagers inférieur 6 et supérieur 8 en utilisant des parois structurelles 10, 14, 20 à épaisseur minimale, et présentant des propriétés mécaniques identiques à celles de parois structurelles de l'état de la technique.The rail vehicle 1 guarantees a maximum interior volume in the lower 6 and upper 8 passenger compartments by using structural walls 10, 14, 20 with minimum thickness, and having mechanical properties identical to those of structural walls of the prior art .

Le véhicule ferroviaire 1 assure une habitabilité accrue des compartiments passagers inférieur 6 et supérieur 8 en augmentant la hauteur sous plafond au droit des couloirs en particulier, tout en conservant un gabarit extérieur inchangé par rapport à un véhicule ferroviaire de l'état de la technique.The rail vehicle 1 ensures increased habitability of the lower 6 and upper 8 passenger compartments by increasing the height under the ceiling at the right of the corridors in particular, while retaining an unchanged exterior gauge compared to a prior art rail vehicle.

Le véhicule ferroviaire 1 garantit également une diminution de sa masse globale.The rail vehicle 1 also guarantees a reduction in its overall mass.

La paroi structurelle de type pavillon 20 ou plancher inférieur 10 assure une diminution de l'épaisseur de la structure en remplaçant les structures classiques à deux peaux en aluminium par une structure comprenant une tôle 38 et une pluralité de traverses 40 en matériau composite délimitant un volume utile 50 propre à intégrer les éléments d'habillage 42.The structural wall of the pavilion type 20 or lower floor 10 ensures a reduction in the thickness of the structure by replacing the conventional structures with two aluminum skins by a structure comprising a sheet 38 and a plurality of crosspieces 40 in composite material delimiting a volume useful 50 suitable for integrating the covering elements 42.

La paroi structurelle de type pavillon 20 ou plancher inférieur 10 garantit une fiabilité mécanique de la caisse 4 car cette paroi structurelle assemble la première 26 et la seconde partie 28 au moyen de la pièce d'interface 58 assurant la conservation des propriétés mécaniques des matériaux composites lors des étapes de soudage ou rivetage.The pavilion-type structural wall 20 or lower floor 10 guarantees mechanical reliability of the body 4 because this structural wall assembles the first 26 and the second part 28 by means of the interface piece 58 ensuring the conservation of the mechanical properties of the composite materials during the welding or riveting stages.

Un procédé d'assemblage d'un élément structurel de type pavillon 20 ou plancher inférieur 10 selon l'invention va maintenant être décrit.A method of assembling a structural element of the pavilion 20 or lower floor 10 type according to the invention will now be described.

Initialement, la pièce d'interface 58 et la couche extérieure 38 sont solidarisées entre elles, par exemple soudées ou rivetées l'une à l'autre.Initially, the interface piece 58 and the outer layer 38 are joined together, for example welded or riveted to one another.

Les traverses 40 sont ensuite fixées contre la face interne 48 de la couche extérieure, par exemple par collage ou thermocollage dans le cas d'emploi de traverses en composite thermoplastique.The sleepers 40 are then fixed against the internal face 48 of the outer layer, for example by gluing or heat-bonding in the case of use of sleepers in thermoplastic composite.

L'élément d'habillage 42 est intégré dans les volumes utiles 50 définis entre les traverses 40.The covering element 42 is integrated into the useful volumes 50 defined between the crosspieces 40.

La seconde partie 28 est ensuite reliée à la première partie 26, par exemple par soudage ou rivetage.The second part 28 is then connected to the first part 26, for example by welding or riveting.

Lorsque la seconde partie 28 est solidarisée à la première partie 26 par soudage, la pièce d'interface 58 est avantageusement refroidie par convection forcée ou par tout autre équipement permettant de refroidir la pièce d'interface 58. A cet effet, la convection forcée est réalisée en faisant circuler un flux d'air frais dans le volume fermé 74 de la pièce d'interface 58.When the second part 28 is joined to the first part 26 by welding, the interface part 58 is advantageously cooled by forced convection or by any other equipment making it possible to cool the interface part 58. For this purpose, the forced convection is produced by circulating a flow of fresh air in the closed volume 74 of the interface part 58.

Le procédé d'assemblage de l'élément structurel 10, 20 évite tout endommagement des parties composites en assurant un flux thermique contrôlé lors du soudage. Toute surchauffe des matériaux composites est garanti par un écartement suffisant entre la zone à souder et les parties en composite ou par le refroidissement par convection forcée par un flux d'air frais dans le volume 74 dédié.The method of assembling the structural element 10, 20 avoids any damage to the composite parts by ensuring a controlled heat flow during welding. Any overheating of the composite materials is guaranteed by a sufficient distance between the zone to be welded and the composite parts or by cooling by forced convection by a flow of fresh air in the dedicated volume 74.

On notera que l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation précédemment décrit, mais pourrait présenter diverses variantes.Note that the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, but could have various variants.

En particulier, la paroi structurelle de type pavillon 20 ou plancher inférieur 10 est adaptée à une caisse 4 de véhicule ferroviaire 1 à un étage.In particular, the pavilion-type structural wall 20 or lower floor 10 is adapted to a body 4 of a rail vehicle 1 with one floor.

Claims (11)

  1. Structural wall (10, 20) for a railway vehicle, which wall is to form a roof (20) or a lower floor (10), comprising a first part (26) comprising at least one hollow profile (30) forming a closed section, the profile (30) comprising a first shell (32) and a second shell (34) which are superposed, the structural wall (10, 20) having a second part (28) comprising:
    - an outside covering layer (38) which has an inner face (48) and is delimited by longitudinal edges (44) and transverse edges (46),
    - a plurality of cross-members (40), preferably made of composite material, each connected to the outside layer (38), extending between the transverse edges (46) on the inner face (48), protruding from that inner face (48) so as to delimit a useful volume (50) between two adjacent cross-members (40),
    characterised in that it comprises at least one interface piece (58) fixed on the one hand to the first shell (32) and the second shell (34) of the first part (26) and on the other hand to one of the longitudinal edges (44) of the outside layer (38) of the second part (28), thus connecting the first part (26) and the second part (28) together.
  2. Structural wall (10, 20) according to claim 1, comprising at least one lining element (42), the lining element (42) comprising a thermal/acoustic insulating layer and a specific covering of the roof or lower floor type.
  3. Structural wall (10, 20) according to claim 2, wherein each lining element (42) is housed in one of the useful volumes (50).
  4. Structural wall (10, 20) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each cross-member (40) comprises at least a first flange (52) extending parallel to the inner face (48), preferably against the inner face (48), and at least one core (54) substantially perpendicular to the first flange (52) and extending projecting from the inner face (48).
  5. Structural wall (10, 20) according to claim 4, wherein each cross-member (40) comprises a second flange (56) substantially parallel to the first flange (52), the core (54) extending between the first flange (52) and the second flange (56).
  6. Structural wall (10, 20) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each cross-member (40) is made of unidirectional carbon fibres.
  7. Structural wall (10, 20) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the interface piece (58) comprises a first wall (62) and a second wall (64) which are superposed, the first wall (62) being interposed between the first shell (32) of the first part (26) and the outside layer (38) of the second part (28), and the second wall (64) being interposed between the second shell (34) of the first part (26) and the outside layer (38) of the second part (28), the first wall (62) and the second wall (64) defining:
    - a first zone (70) in which the first wall (62) and the second wall (64) of the interface piece (58) are fixed to the first shell (32) and the second shell (34), respectively, of the first part (26), and
    - a second zone (72) in which one of the first wall (62) and the second wall (64) of the interface piece (58) is fixed to the transverse edge (44) of the outside layer (38) of the second part.
  8. Method for assembling a structural wall (10, 20) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising:
    - a step of providing said first part (26);
    - a step of providing said second part (28);
    - a step of fixing the interface piece (58) to the second part (28) and to the first part (26), especially by welding or riveting;
    - a step of inserting a plurality of lining elements (42) into the useful volumes (50).
  9. Method for assembling a structural wall (10, 20) according to claim 8, wherein the step of providing the second part (28) comprises:
    - fixing an outside layer (38) to the interface piece (58), especially by welding or riveting;
    - fixing the cross-members (40) to the inner face (48) of the outside layer (38).
  10. Method for assembling a structural wall (10, 20) according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the interface piece (58) is fixed by welding to the first part (26) and to the second part (28), the method comprising a step of cooling the interface piece (58) by forced convection between the first wall (62) and the second wall (64) during welding of the interface piece (58) to the first part (26).
  11. Railway vehicle (1), of the double-decker carriage type, characterised in that it comprises:
    - a first structural wall of the roof (20) type according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
    - a second structural wall of the lower floor (10) type according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
    - a third structural wall of the intermediate floor (14) type, comprising a first part (26) comprising at least one hollow profile (30) forming a closed section, the profile (30) comprising a first shell (90) and a second shell (92), and comprising a second part (28) comprising a first shell (90) and a second shell (92), especially made of composite material or aluminium, delimiting between them a volume (94) which is supplemented by a honeycomb structure or a sandwich core material structure, the first shell (90) defining a flat portion (96) facing and vertically above a corridor of a lower passenger compartment (6), and
    - a structural element of the skeleton (24) type, connecting the first structural wall (20), the second structural wall (10) and the third structural wall (14) so that together they form a body (4) of the railway vehicle (1).
EP15177913.9A 2014-07-22 2015-07-22 Structural panel for a railway vehicle body and assembling method thereof Active EP2977287B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1457064A FR3024117B1 (en) 2014-07-22 2014-07-22 STRUCTURAL WALLS FOR A RAILWAY VEHICLE FUND, ASSEMBLY METHOD AND RAILWAY VEHICLE THEREFOR

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EP2977287A1 EP2977287A1 (en) 2016-01-27
EP2977287B1 true EP2977287B1 (en) 2020-03-11

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EP (1) EP2977287B1 (en)
CN (1) CN105292152B (en)
ES (1) ES2793939T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3024117B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU172948U1 (en) * 2016-10-11 2017-08-01 Открытое акционерное общество "Тверской вагоностроительный завод" (ОАО "ТВЗ") BODY OF A TWO-STAGE PASSENGER CAR
FR3128434A1 (en) * 2021-10-25 2023-04-28 Alstom Transport Technologies Vehicle car body structure, in particular railway

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EP0465427A1 (en) * 1990-07-06 1992-01-08 Alusuisse-Lonza Services Ag Body structure for railway vehicles
EP0618124A1 (en) * 1993-03-29 1994-10-05 A.N.F. Industrie Structure of a railway body having shell sections

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FR963244A (en) * 1947-03-15 1950-07-01
US2625890A (en) * 1949-04-13 1953-01-20 Budd Co Roof construction for passengertype railway cars
DE3608306A1 (en) * 1986-03-13 1987-09-17 Iveco Magirus ROOF TRAINING OF COMMERCIAL VEHICLES
FR2635064B1 (en) * 1988-08-08 1991-04-19 Cimt Lorraine RAILWAY CAR BODY IN ALUMINUM
DE3838686C2 (en) * 1988-11-15 1993-10-21 Man Ghh Schienenverkehr Vehicle compartment
TW200434B (en) * 1990-09-07 1993-02-21 Hitachi Seisakusyo Kk
KR950031741A (en) * 1994-03-18 1995-12-20 가나이 쯔도무 Railway vehicle body and its manufacturing method
EP0697319B1 (en) * 1994-08-19 2000-05-03 Hitachi, Ltd. Car body for a railway rolling stock
US8464643B2 (en) * 2009-06-10 2013-06-18 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Railcar bodyshell reinforcing method and railcar bodyshell
CN201626414U (en) * 2009-12-23 2010-11-10 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 Middle top structure of carbon steel vehicle
FR2990177B1 (en) 2012-05-03 2020-03-13 Alstom Transport Technologies STRUCTURAL ELEMENT OF RAILWAY VEHICLE, OF LONGITUDINAL WALL OR FLOOR TYPE

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE674686C (en) * 1933-02-21 1939-04-19 Linke Hofmann Werke Akt Ges Hollow beams for connecting a longitudinal wall with the roof of car bodies, especially for railroad cars
EP0465427A1 (en) * 1990-07-06 1992-01-08 Alusuisse-Lonza Services Ag Body structure for railway vehicles
EP0618124A1 (en) * 1993-03-29 1994-10-05 A.N.F. Industrie Structure of a railway body having shell sections

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3024117A1 (en) 2016-01-29
ES2793939T3 (en) 2020-11-17
FR3024117B1 (en) 2018-03-30
CN105292152A (en) 2016-02-03
EP2977287A1 (en) 2016-01-27
CN105292152B (en) 2019-05-07

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