EP0463650A1 - Piston en métal léger - Google Patents

Piston en métal léger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0463650A1
EP0463650A1 EP91201030A EP91201030A EP0463650A1 EP 0463650 A1 EP0463650 A1 EP 0463650A1 EP 91201030 A EP91201030 A EP 91201030A EP 91201030 A EP91201030 A EP 91201030A EP 0463650 A1 EP0463650 A1 EP 0463650A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
molded body
light metal
fiber molded
fiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91201030A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Dr. Bloschies
Siegfried Dr. Mielke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kolbenschmidt AG
Original Assignee
Kolbenschmidt AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kolbenschmidt AG filed Critical Kolbenschmidt AG
Publication of EP0463650A1 publication Critical patent/EP0463650A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
    • F02F7/0087—Ceramic materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/10—Pistons  having surface coverings
    • F02F3/12—Pistons  having surface coverings on piston heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/02—Light metals
    • F05C2201/021—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0448—Steel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
    • F05C2253/16—Fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a press-cast light alloy piston made of aluminum alloy suitable for piston construction for diesel engines with indirect fuel injection, on the bottom of which a cylindrical fiber molded body is cast with a flat, preferably finger-shaped or glasses-shaped combustion bowl, which is adapted to the jet direction of the flame jets emerging from the combustion chamber arranged in the cylinder head.
  • the combustion chamber is divided into a combustion chamber located in the cylinder head and a flat combustion bowl in the piston crown.
  • the combustion bowl is preferably designed to be finger-shaped or glasses-shaped to match the beam direction of the flame jets emerging from the combustion chamber.
  • cracks mostly appear at the bottom of the combustion bowl due to the superimposition of thermal and mechanical AC voltages. After a long period of operation, these cracks can cover the entire cross-section of the piston crown.
  • the hard anodizing (hard anodizing) of the piston crown has proven itself as a material measure against the influences of the surface temperature fluctuating with the combustion cycle.
  • the thickness of the anodically deposited oxide layer is 30 to 100 ⁇ m, which increases the service life of the piston crown by a factor of 3 to 5, in particular in the event of thermal alternating stress.
  • a further step in increasing the load capacity of the light metal piston is the die casting process, in which the light metal melt is filled into the mold with an adjustable pressure and then solidified under high pressure of up to over 1000 bar. This casting process is used used for the production of light metal pistons for diesel engines with molded fiber body cast in the piston crown with a combustion bowl attached therein.
  • the final pressure of over 1000 bar brings the melt and the fibers to an atomic distance, so that the controlled reaction necessary for a good bond between the fiber and the matrix occurs.
  • the fiber reinforcement is generally carried out by means of a cylindrical fiber molded body made of aluminum oxide fibers, aluminum silicate fibers or silicon carbide whiskers, the fiber / whisker content being up to 30% by volume.
  • the thermal shock resistance of the light metal material of the piston crown which is protected from the hot flame jets by the fiber molding, is excellent due to the low thermal conductivity and low expansion.
  • the first cracks only appear after approx. 7000 temperature changes; the growth of the cracks is only relatively small with increasing test duration (KS anniversary publication: 75 years Kolbenschmidt AG, Neckarsulm September 1985, p. 14).
  • the heat conduction of the light metal piston is reduced by more than 1/3 by using a molded fiber body.
  • the low heat conduction has both positive and negative effects on the durability of the light metal piston.
  • the fiber reinforcement of the piston crown reduces the thermal load capacity of the light metal material on the one hand, and on the other hand greater heat conduction is desirable in the region of the piston crown that does not lie in the beam direction of the flame jets emerging from the combustion chamber of the cylinder head, so that the temperature of the other piston parts does not increase is greatly reduced.
  • This object is achieved in that the height of the fiber molding on the side on which the combustion bowl is arranged is greater than in the rest of the piston crown.
  • the fiber molded body has an obliquely cut surface on the side facing the piston interior.
  • the fiber molded body has the shape of a cylinder which is cut obliquely on one side or the shape of a cylinder hoof.
  • the height of the fiber molding is 5 to 15 mm on the edge of one side and 2 to 8 mm on the edge of the opposite side.
  • the fibers of the molded body are aligned parallel to the plane including the piston axis and the axis of the piston pin direction, within this plane the orientation of the fibers is statistically random.
  • the constructive design according to the invention of the fiber molded body cast into the piston crown ensures that the temperature increase of the piston material under the fiber molded body in the area of the combustion bowl is kept within limits, but on the other hand the temperature of the other piston parts can be kept at the desired level. Since the costs for fiber shaped bodies made of aluminum oxide fibers, aluminum silicate fibers or silicon carbide whiskers are relatively high, the fiber shaped body designed according to the invention can advantageously save up to 30% in costs.
  • the diameter of the fiber molded body (5) which has a height (7) at the edge of one side in the plane including the piston axis and the axis perpendicular to the piston pin axis direction 7 mm and at the edge of the opposite side has a height (7) of 2.5 mm.
  • a ring carrier (8) consisting of austenitic special cast iron is cast in with a metallic bond.
  • the pin bores (9) are located in the piston skirt (3), which is designed as a continuous surface of rotation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP91201030A 1990-06-22 1991-05-01 Piston en métal léger Withdrawn EP0463650A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4019983 1990-06-22
DE4019983A DE4019983A1 (de) 1990-06-22 1990-06-22 Leichtmetallkolben

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0463650A1 true EP0463650A1 (fr) 1992-01-02

Family

ID=6408907

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91201030A Withdrawn EP0463650A1 (fr) 1990-06-22 1991-05-01 Piston en métal léger

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5092289A (fr)
EP (1) EP0463650A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04231656A (fr)
DE (1) DE4019983A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19537847A1 (de) * 1995-10-11 1997-04-17 Mahle Gmbh Bewehrungsteil, dessen Grundwerkstoff austenitisches Gußeisen ist
DE19849913C2 (de) * 1998-10-29 2003-02-20 Daimler Chrysler Ag Otto-Brennkraftmaschine mit äußerer Gemischbildung
US6910455B2 (en) * 2002-03-13 2005-06-28 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Spark ignition engine with shallow bowl-in-piston geometry
JP2006258012A (ja) * 2005-03-18 2006-09-28 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関
JP2007231830A (ja) * 2006-03-01 2007-09-13 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 内燃機関のピストン
JP4458496B2 (ja) * 2008-04-16 2010-04-28 株式会社豊田中央研究所 筒内噴射式内燃機関、筒内噴射式内燃機関用ピストン、筒内噴射式内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法
US10443537B2 (en) 2015-12-28 2019-10-15 Tenneco Inc. Piston including a composite layer applied to a metal substrate
JP2018127972A (ja) * 2017-02-09 2018-08-16 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 内燃機関用ピストン及びその製造方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR751375A (fr) * 1932-05-24 1933-09-02 Piston armé pour moteurs à explosion et autres applications
US2390343A (en) * 1942-12-11 1945-12-04 Irving E Aske Piston
DE3602241A1 (de) * 1985-01-30 1986-07-31 Volkswagen AG, 3180 Wolfsburg Kolben fuer brennkraftmaschinen

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2705271C2 (de) * 1977-02-09 1984-07-19 Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg Luftverdichtende, selbstzündende Einspritz-Brennkraftmaschine
GB8411074D0 (en) * 1984-05-01 1984-06-06 Ae Plc Reinforced pistons
GB8622538D0 (en) * 1986-09-18 1986-10-22 Ae Plc Pistons
US4920864A (en) * 1989-04-14 1990-05-01 Jpi Transportation Products, Inc. Reinforced piston

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR751375A (fr) * 1932-05-24 1933-09-02 Piston armé pour moteurs à explosion et autres applications
US2390343A (en) * 1942-12-11 1945-12-04 Irving E Aske Piston
DE3602241A1 (de) * 1985-01-30 1986-07-31 Volkswagen AG, 3180 Wolfsburg Kolben fuer brennkraftmaschinen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KOLBENSCHMIDT '75 JAHRE KOLBENSCHMIDT' January 1, 1985 , KOLBENSCHMIDT , NECKARSULM *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4019983A1 (de) 1992-01-02
US5092289A (en) 1992-03-03
JPH04231656A (ja) 1992-08-20

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