EP0463578B1 - Procédé pour la production de bandes métalliques plaquées par pulvérisation - Google Patents

Procédé pour la production de bandes métalliques plaquées par pulvérisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0463578B1
EP0463578B1 EP91110198A EP91110198A EP0463578B1 EP 0463578 B1 EP0463578 B1 EP 0463578B1 EP 91110198 A EP91110198 A EP 91110198A EP 91110198 A EP91110198 A EP 91110198A EP 0463578 B1 EP0463578 B1 EP 0463578B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spray
strip
metal strip
spraying
molten metal
Prior art date
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EP91110198A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0463578A1 (fr
Inventor
Susumu Yamaguchi
Toshihiko Miki
Hiroyuki Uchida
Itsuo Ohnaka
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Ohnaka Itsuo
Nippon Steel Corp
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Ohnaka Itsuo
Nippon Steel Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/123—Spraying molten metal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for producing a spray-plated metal strip, sheet, or plate by spraying a molten metal on a metal strip.
  • the sprayed strip is necessarily subjected to a smoothing treatment of the sprayed metal layer, to obtain a smooth surface of a plated metal strip.
  • Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 1-201456 discloses a process, which comprises cleaning a steel sheet surface, spraying the thus cleaned sheet with a molten metal atomized by a pressurized gas, and then blowing the sheet with a pressurized gas by a gas wiping nozzle.
  • Such a gas-wiping conditioning treatment of the sprayed sheet surface cannot provide a well smoothed surface of a plated strip in comparison with those obtained by other plating processes such as electroplating, hot dipping, etc.
  • EP-A-119,036 discloses a process for coating steel strip with aluminium in which nitrogen-atomised molten aluminium is sprayed on the sheet to a depth of 150 micrometers, whereafter the sprayed strip is rolled at 350°C in a nitrogen or hydrogen atmosphere.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing a spray-plated metal strip, which provides a plated strip surface as smooth as a dip-plated strip surface.
  • a process for producing a spray-plated metal strip by spraying molten metal on a metal strip which comprises: spraying, on a metal strip, molten metal particles having a weight average particle diameter of not more than 15 times the thickness of a plated layer to be formed on the strip, and then heating and holding the strip for a prescribed time at a prescribed temperature, as defined in claim 1.
  • weight average particle diameter as herein used is defined as follows.
  • the diameter "d” is referred to as "equivalent globe diameter”.
  • the weight average particle diameter, dm is obtained by where M: total weight of particles, in kg, Vp: volume of a particle having a diameter of d in terms of the equivalent globe diameter, in m3, ⁇ : specific gravity of a particle, in kg/m3, and Nd: number of particles having a diameter of d in terms of the equivalent globe diameter.
  • the weight average particle diameter, dm refers to a particle diameter in terms of the equivalent globe diameter which satisfies the above equation, i.e., a summation of the weight of particles having a diameter of dm or less amounts to 50% of the total weight M of particles having a distribution in diameter.
  • metal strip as herein referred to includes strips, sheets, and plates of metallic materials, such as steel, copper, copper alloys, aluminum, aluminum alloys, etc.
  • the present inventive process uses a spray of molten metal particles having a weight average particle diameter of not more than 15 times the thickness of a plated layer to be formed on a metal strip.
  • Figure 1 shows that the molten metal particle of size larger than the plated layer thickness can be used in the present invention, because the molten metal particle size does not directly correspond to the plated layer thickness due to wetting between the molten metal and the substrate metal strip.
  • the molten metal particle must have a weight average particle diameter of not more than 15 times the plated layer thickness for the following reason.
  • Figure 2 shows the percentage of a non-plated area as a function of the ratio of the weight average particle diameter (dm) of a sprayed molten metal to the target thickness (tm) of a plated layer.
  • a greater particle size also requires a longer time for the smoothing treatment, a larger heating furnace, and increased equipment cost.
  • the deposition efficiency of the sprayed molten metal on the strip surface is ensured to be 90% or more by using the distance "L" from a spraying apparatus to a strip to be sprayed in the range defined by the following formula: L ⁇ (1.75/ ⁇ ) ⁇ ( ⁇ dmV2/ ⁇ ) 1 ⁇ 4 where L: distance between spraying means and metal strip to be sprayed in m, ⁇ : flare angle of molten metal spray in rad, ⁇ : specific gravity of molten metal spray in kgf/m3, dm: weight average particle diameter of molten metal spray in m, v: maximum speed of molten metal spray in m/sec, and ⁇ : surface tension of molten metal spray in kgf/m.
  • the spraying of a molten metal is carried out in separate spraying steps by directing a metal strip through separate spraying means. This enables the plated thickness to be controlled in a wide range with respect to the strip conveying speed while ensuring an improved smoothness of a spray-plated strip surface.
  • the prescribed heating and holding of the metal strip, which has been sprayed with a molten metal is at a temperature of T and for a time of S defined by the following formula, to provide a smoother surface of a metal strip; S ⁇ 0.095 ⁇ (0.5+dm/200)/(T/Tm) where T>Tm, S: holding time in second, dm: weight average particle diameter in ⁇ m, T: holding temperature in °C, and Tm: melting point of spraying metal in °C.
  • the heating and holding of a sprayed strip at the specified temperature and for the specified time promotes wetting between the deposit metal and the substrate strip and further improves the smoothness of a spray-plated metal strip product.
  • the strip is preferably electroplated with a precoating metal such as nickel before being sprayed, to further improve the smoothness of a spray-plated metal strip product.
  • Figure 4 shows an arrangement in which a steel sheet was plated with zinc by a process according to the present invention.
  • a continuous plating arrangement 1 is disposed on the outlet side of a not-shown continuous annealing furnace.
  • a steel sheet "S" which was being conveyed in the direction denoted by an arrow, was annealed in a not-shown continuous annealing furnace, had a temperature of 450°C when passing a deflector roll 2, and was directed through a plating chamber in which spray nozzles 3 are arranged in two stages along the conveying direction and sprayed a molten metal on the steel sheet "S" being conveyed.
  • the molten metal spray had a particle size of 25 ⁇ m in terms of the weight average particle diameter. This particle size was obtained by gas-atomizing with a non-oxidizing gas such as nitrogen, argon, etc.
  • the steel sheet "S" was heated by a heater element which can heat the sheet without being in contact therewith.
  • Electrical heaters, high frequency heaters, radiant tube heaters or other non-contact type heaters may be used for this purpose.
  • the heating atmosphere may be either oxidizing or non-oxidizing.
  • the spray nozzles 3 had a maximum spray amount of 160 g/sec ⁇ m(width) and a controllable range of from 160 to 80 g/sec ⁇ m(width).
  • An annealed steel sheet having a temperature of 450°C was sprayed with zinc-0.2% aluminum in the plating chamber provided with two stages of spray nozzles 3 having a spray amount of 160 g/sec ⁇ m(width) per stage.
  • the temperature of the molten zinc spray was 460°C.
  • the thus sprayed steel sheet was heated at 450°C for 0.5 sec by being held in an atmosphere of 100% nitrogen gas held at 450°C.
  • the spraying distance "L” or the distance between the spray nozzles 3 and the steel sheet "S” was determined with respect to the particle size, the initial speed, and the flare angle of the molten metal spray, as expressed by the following relationship: L ⁇ (1.75/ ⁇ ) ⁇ ( ⁇ dmV2/ ⁇ ) 1 ⁇ 4 where the symbols have the same meanings as herein previously defined.
  • a spray-plating test of a steel sheet was carried out by using an arrangement provided with seven stages of spray nozzles.
  • Figure 5 shows the interrelationship between the number of nozzle stages actually used, the weight deposit on the sheet surface per unit area of one sheet side, and the speed of a steel sheet conveying line.
  • the abscissa represents the line speed in m/min, the left ordinate the weight deposit, and the right ordinate the total spray amount from the spray nozzles. It is seen from Fig. 5 that the more the nozzle stages used, the wider the controllable ranges of both the weight deposit and the line speed. When the spray amount per stage is increased, the total number of nozzle stages can be reduced, but the uncontrollable range becomes wider. When the spray amount per stage is too small, the number of nozzle stages should be increased and the equipment cost is raised. It is, then, important that the number of nozzle stages be reasonably determined in accordance with the line speed and the maximum weight deposit for specific cases.
  • Figure 6 shows the interrelationship between the residence time "S" in the heating furnace 5, a parameter "X” as defined below, and the surface smoothness of a spray-plated metal strip product.
  • X (0.5 + dm/200)/(T/Tm) where T>Tm, dm: weight average particle diameter in ⁇ m, T: holding temperature in °C, and Tm: melting point of spray metal in °C.
  • the blank circles, the solid circles, and the "X"-marks mean that the surface of a spray-plated steel sheet product is perfectly smooth, has few defects, and is significantly defective, respectively.
  • a spray-plated steel sheet was produced by using two stages of spray nozzles at a weight deposit zinc of 80 g/m2 per one sheet side, under the same condition as mentioned above. The product sheet was subjected to a salt water spray test to estimate the corrosion resistance of the steel sheet.
  • a conventional hot-dip plated steel sheet was also tested under the same testing condition.
  • the hot-dipping was carried out under the condition of a zinc plating bath temperature of 450°C, a pre-dip steel sheet temperature of 453°C, a zinc plating bath composition of 99.8% zinc and 0.2% aluminum.
  • Figure 7 shows the plots of the thus obtained results in terms of the weight loss by corrosion as a function of the duration of salt water spray. The result proves that the present inventive spray-plated steel sheet has a good corrosion resistance comparable with that of the conventional hot-dip plated steel sheet.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Procédé pour produire une bande de métal plaquée par vaporisation en vaporisant un métal fondu sur une bande de métal, qui consiste à:
       vaporiser, sur une bande de métal, des particules de métal fondu dont le diamètre de particule de valeur massique moyenne n'est pas supérieur à 15 fois l'épaisseur d'une couche plaquée qui doit être formée sur la bande; et
       chauffer et maintenir la bande de métal vaporisée à une température T et pendant un temps S défini par laformule suivante, de façon à lisser la surface de ladite bande de métal;

    S ≧ 0,095 x (0,5 + dm/200) / (T/Tm)
    Figure imgb0013

       où T > Tm,
       S : temps de maintien en secondes,
       dm : diamètre de particule de valeur massique moyenne en µm,
       T : température de maintien en °C, et
       Tm : point de fusion du métal de vaporisation en °C.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite vaporisation est effectuée au cours d'étapes de vaporisation séparées en amenant ladite bande de métal dans des moyens de vaporisation séparés.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite bande de métal est une bande en acier qui a été galvanisée au nickel.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite vaporisation est effectuée par un moyen de vaporisation disposé à une distance L de ladite bande de métal, la distance L étant définie par la formule suivante;

    L < (1,75)/Teta) x (ρ dm V²/alpha) ¼
    Figure imgb0014

       où L : distance entre le moyen de vaporisation et la bande de métal à vaporiser en m,
       ϑ : angle d'épanoui de la vaporisation de métal fondu en rad,
       ϑ : densité spécifique de la vaporisation de métal fondu en kgf/m³
       Dm: diamètre de particule de valeur massique moyenne de la vaporisation de métal fondu en m,
       v : vitesse maximum de la vaporisation de métal fondu en m/sec, et
       α : tension superficielle de la vaporisation de métal fondu en kgf/m.
EP91110198A 1990-06-21 1991-06-20 Procédé pour la production de bandes métalliques plaquées par pulvérisation Expired - Lifetime EP0463578B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2164727A JP2994436B2 (ja) 1990-06-21 1990-06-21 溶融メッキ帯状金属の製造方法
JP164727/90 1990-06-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0463578A1 EP0463578A1 (fr) 1992-01-02
EP0463578B1 true EP0463578B1 (fr) 1994-12-21

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EP91110198A Expired - Lifetime EP0463578B1 (fr) 1990-06-21 1991-06-20 Procédé pour la production de bandes métalliques plaquées par pulvérisation

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EP (1) EP0463578B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2994436B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2044763C (fr)
DE (1) DE69106061T2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202010014469U1 (de) * 2010-10-19 2011-01-13 A bis Z Oberflächenveredlung GmbH & Co. KG Langfristiger Korrosionsschutz durch eine Spritzverzinkung des Unterwasserbereichs von Schiffen
DE102012007292A1 (de) * 2012-04-12 2013-10-17 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Behandlungsstrecke zum abschnittsweise Veredeln eines Metallprodukts

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2873219A (en) * 1954-12-20 1959-02-10 Joseph B Brennan Metal-coated batt and method and apparatus for producing same
GB8306428D0 (en) * 1983-03-09 1983-04-13 Singer A R E Metal-coating metallic substrate
FR2558850A1 (fr) * 1984-01-26 1985-08-02 Clecim Sa Procede et dispositif de revetement d'un produit long par pulverisation d'un materiau de revetement liquide

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol.13, no.504; (13.11.89); C-653, (&JP-A-1-201456) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2994436B2 (ja) 1999-12-27
CA2044763C (fr) 1996-12-31
DE69106061T2 (de) 1995-05-11
JPH0452261A (ja) 1992-02-20
EP0463578A1 (fr) 1992-01-02
DE69106061D1 (de) 1995-02-02
CA2044763A1 (fr) 1991-12-22

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